CN104275148A - 一种汽车尾气净化剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种汽车尾气净化剂,包括按照质量份数计的如下原料:沸石80-90份,氧化铜5-10份,氧基氯化铁5-10份,丁酸二辛酯35~60份,正己醇10~20份,三聚氰酸5~15份,氢氧化钠1~5份,硫酸铜1~5份。本发明还提供了一种汽车尾气净化剂的制备方法。本发明提供的一种汽车尾气净化剂,载体沸石热稳定性好、吸附能力强,氧化铜和氧基氯化铁分解催化活性高、寿命长,本发明提供的一种汽车尾气净化剂的制备方法,工艺简单、成本低。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车尾气处理领域,特别是涉及一种汽车尾气净化剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
工业排放的气态污染物是大气污染的重要来源之一,其中汽车尾气是一种排放量大、污染面广且对人体和环境都具有严重危害作用的气态污染物,由于其对人体和自然环境的巨大破坏作用,已经逐渐得到了政府、企业和民众的关注。
汽车尾气净化技术目前常用的处理方法有燃烧法、化学氧化法、化学吸收法、吸附法等。其中吸附法是一种常用的汽车尾气净化有效方法,是利用各种固体吸附剂(如活性炭、活性炭纤维、分子筛等)对排放废气中的污染物进行吸附净化的方法。吸附法设备简单、适用范围广、净化效率高,是一种传统的废气治理技术,也是目前应用最广的治理技术。吸附净化性能的优劣主要决定于吸附剂的性能,国内目前吸附剂通常为颗粒活性炭和活性炭纤维。
吸附法研究中发现,吸附剂在吸附过程中的氧化作用,会因放热而导致吸附剂升温,使得以活性碳为载体的吸附剂在高温下有自燃的危险。沸石是一种具有高比表面积、高孔隙率的硅铝化合物,且其热稳定性较高,近年来用在挥发性有机物的去除上有逐渐取代活性碳的趋势。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的缺陷,提供一种新型废气吸附净化剂,以提高吸附净化剂应用的安全性和吸附净化效率。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了如下的技术方案:
一种汽车尾气净化剂,其包括按照质量份数计的如下原料:
沸石80-90份,氧化铜5-10份,氧基氯化铁5-10份,丁酸二辛酯35~60份,正己醇10~20份,三聚氰酸5~15份,氢氧化钠1~5份,硫酸铜1~5份。
进一步地,所述沸石为Y型沸石。
一种汽车尾气净化剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将Cu(NO3)2·3H2O溶解到去离子水中,配置成硝酸铜水溶液;
(2)将沸石、丁酸二辛酯、正己醇、三聚氰酸、氢氧化钠、硫酸铜加到配置好的硝酸铜水溶液中,在常温下以磁力搅拌器搅拌10~12小时,抽滤收集固体物,再用去离子水清洗,置入110~120℃干燥箱中干燥10~12小时;
(3)取FeCl3和步骤(2)已浸渍过硝酸铜溶液并干燥的沸石一起研磨成粉末;
(4)将步骤(3)已研磨好的粉末放入350℃马弗炉中锻烧5~7小时,锻烧后待吸附剂冷却至室温,再用无水丙酮充分淋洗,去除未反应的FeCl3,然后在80~100℃干燥箱内保存待用。
优选地,本发明一种汽车尾气净化剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将Cu(NO3)2·3H2O溶解到去离子水中,配置成硝酸铜水溶液;
(2)将沸石、丁酸二辛酯、正己醇、三聚氰酸、氢氧化钠、硫酸铜加到配置好的硝酸铜水溶液中,在常温下以磁力搅拌器搅拌10小时,抽滤收集固体物,再用去离子水清洗,置入120℃干燥箱中干燥10~12小时;
(3)取FeCl3和步骤(2)已浸渍过硝酸铜溶液并干燥的沸石一起研磨成粉末;
(4)将步骤(3)已研磨好的粉末放入350℃马弗炉中锻烧6小时,锻烧后待吸附剂冷却至室温,再用无水丙酮充分淋洗,去除未反应的FeCl3,然后在100℃干燥箱内保存待用。
其中,其中沸石为Y型,比表面积大,孔径小;氧化铜是通过硝酸铜水溶液浸渍煅烧而得到;氧基氯化铁通过氯化铁热分解反应得到的。
本发明所达到的有益效果是:
本发明提供的一种汽车尾气净化剂,载体沸石热稳定性好、吸附能力强,氧化铜和氧基氯化铁分解催化活性高、寿命长,本发明提供的一种汽车尾气净化剂的制备方法,工艺简单、成本低。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的优选实施例进行说明,应当理解,此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
将60.4g的Cu(NO3)2·3H2O溶解到去离子水中,加水至250ml,即配置成1mol/L的硝酸铜水溶液250ml,再将沸石10g、丁酸二辛酯35g、正己醇10g、三聚氰酸5g、氢氧化钠1g和硫酸铜1g加到配置好的硝酸铜水溶液中,在常温下以磁力搅拌器搅拌12小时,抽滤收集固体物,再用去离子水清洗,置入120℃干燥箱中干燥12小时,再取2g的FeCl3一起研磨成粉末,最后放入350℃马弗炉中锻烧6小时,锻烧后待吸附剂回至室温,再用无水丙酮充分淋洗,去除未反应的FeCl3,然后在80℃干燥箱内保存待用。所制备的一种汽车尾气净化剂中,含有沸石10g、氧化铜1g、氧基氯化铁1g左右。
经试验测试,利用该废气吸附剂对汽车尾气的吸附净化效率达到95以上。
实施例2
将60.4g的Cu(NO3)2·3H2O溶解到去离子水中,加水至250ml,即配置成1mol/L的硝酸铜水溶液250ml,再将沸石15g、丁酸二辛酯60g、正己醇20g、三聚氰酸15g、氢氧化钠5g和硫酸铜5g加到配置好的硝酸铜水溶液中,在常温下以磁力搅拌器搅拌10小时,抽滤收集固体物,再用去离子水清洗,置入110℃干燥箱中干燥10小时,再取2g的FeCl3一起研磨成粉末,最后放入350℃马弗炉中锻烧6小时,锻烧后待吸附剂回至室温,再用无水丙酮充分淋洗,去除未反应的FeCl3,然后在100℃干燥箱内保存待用。所制备的一种汽车尾气净化剂中,含有沸石15g、氧化铜1.2g、氧基氯化铁1.2g左右。
经试验测试,利用该废气吸附剂对汽车尾气的吸附净化效率达到95以上。
实施例3
将60.4g的Cu(NO3)2·3H2O溶解到去离子水中,加水至250ml,即配置成1mol/L的硝酸铜水溶液250ml,再将沸石20g、丁酸二辛酯45g、正己醇15g、三聚氰酸10g、氢氧化钠3g和硫酸铜3g加到配置好的硝酸铜水溶液中,在常温下以磁力搅拌器搅拌11小时,抽滤收集固体物,再用去离子水清洗,置入120℃干燥箱中干燥10小时,再取3g的FeCl3一起研磨成粉末,最后放入350℃马弗炉中锻烧7小时,锻烧后待吸附剂回至室温,再用无水丙酮充分淋洗,去除未反应的FeCl3,然后在110℃干燥箱内保存待用。所制备的一种汽车尾气净化剂中,含有沸石20g、氧化铜1.6g、氧基氯化铁1.6g左右。
经试验测试,利用该废气吸附剂对汽车尾气的吸附净化效率达到95以上。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种汽车尾气净化剂,其特征在于,包括按照质量份数计的如下原料:
沸石80-90份,氧化铜5-10份,氧基氯化铁5-10份,丁酸二辛酯35~60份,正己醇10~20份,三聚氰酸5~15份,氢氧化钠1~5份,硫酸铜1~5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车尾气净化剂,其特征在于,所述沸石为Y型沸石。
3.一种如权利要求1或2所述的一种汽车尾气净化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将Cu(NO3)2·3H2O溶解到去离子水中,配置成硝酸铜水溶液;
(2)将沸石、丁酸二辛酯、正己醇、三聚氰酸、氢氧化钠、硫酸铜加到配置好的硝酸铜水溶液中,在常温下以磁力搅拌器搅拌10~12小时,抽滤收集固体物,再用去离子水清洗,置入110~120℃干燥箱中干燥10~12小时;
(3)取FeCl3和步骤(2)已浸渍过硝酸铜溶液并干燥的沸石一起研磨成粉末;
(4)将步骤(3)已研磨好的粉末放入350℃马弗炉中锻烧5~7小时,锻烧后待吸附剂冷却至室温,再用无水丙酮充分淋洗,去除未反应的FeCl3,然后在80~100℃干燥箱内保存待用。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车尾气净化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将Cu(NO3)2·3H2O溶解到去离子水中,配置成硝酸铜水溶液;
(2)将沸石、丁酸二辛酯、正己醇、三聚氰酸、氢氧化钠、硫酸铜加到配置好的硝酸铜水溶液中,在常温下以磁力搅拌器搅拌10小时,抽滤收集固体物,再用去离子水清洗,置入120℃干燥箱中干燥10~12小时;
(3)取FeCl3和步骤(2)已浸渍过硝酸铜溶液并干燥的沸石一起研磨成粉末;
(4)将步骤(3)已研磨好的粉末放入350℃马弗炉中锻烧6小时,锻烧后待吸附剂冷却至室温,再用无水丙酮充分淋洗,去除未反应的FeCl3,然后在100℃干燥箱内保存待用。
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