CN104270084A - Photovoltaic battery maximum power point tracker - Google Patents
Photovoltaic battery maximum power point tracker Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104270084A CN104270084A CN201410512674.XA CN201410512674A CN104270084A CN 104270084 A CN104270084 A CN 104270084A CN 201410512674 A CN201410512674 A CN 201410512674A CN 104270084 A CN104270084 A CN 104270084A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- photovoltaic cell
- maximum power
- chip microcomputer
- voltage
- disturbance
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention provides a photovoltaic battery maximum power point tracker which is an MPPT system, wherein the tracker is based on a single chip microcomputer, and a Buck circuit serves as the core of the tracker. The single chip microcomputer samples the voltage and the charging current of a storage battery through a voltage sampling module and a current sampling module. Disturbance is conducted on the duty ratio. The power change of the storage battery is observed, if the power is increased, disturbance to the duty ratio in the original direction is maintained, and if the power is decreased, disturbance is conducted on the duty ratio in the reverse direction. The action is conducted repeatedly in this way, after the single chip microcomputer calculates the voltage disturbance, the single chip microcomputer outputs switching singles to a switching tube. By means of the photovoltaic battery maximum power point tracker, when the external environment or the storage battery changes, the photovoltaic battery can work near the maximum power point so as to improve the utilization efficiency of the photovoltaic battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar energy generation technology field, in particular to a kind of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker.
Background technology
Photovoltaic cell is the core of solar power generation, has effect solar energy being converted to electric energy.Photovoltaic generation has become the focus of domestic and international academia and industrial quarters research as a kind of green energy resource with bright prospects, but there are two subject matters in photovoltaic generation: first, the output characteristic of photovoltaic cell is affected by the external environment greatly, when temperature and light is according to change in radiation intensity, its output characteristic can have greatly changed; The second, the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cell is low and expensive, and the initial stage drops into larger.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention: photovoltaic cell is connected with load, output characteristic due to photovoltaic cell is affected by the external environment greatly, when temperature and light is according to change in radiation intensity, its output characteristic can have greatly changed, the energy that photovoltaic cell produces can not be made full use of by load, and namely the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cell is low.
The invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker, comprise switching tube, inductance, electric capacity, diode, resistance, storage battery, voltage sample module, current sample module, single-chip microcomputer, described switching tube is connected with the positive pole of photovoltaic cell, described inductance is connected in series with switching tube, described inductance and capacitance series, described electric capacity is in parallel with storage battery, the negative pole of described diode is connected between switching tube and inductance, the positive pole of described diode is connected with resistance, and described electric capacity, resistance, diode, inductance form primary Ioops.Described voltage sample module is connected with storage battery, and described current sample module is connected with one end of resistance, and one end of described resistance is connected with electric capacity, and described single-chip microcomputer and voltage sample module and current sample model calling, described single-chip microcomputer is connected with switching tube.
By technique scheme, maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker of the present invention is a kind of SCM Based, the MPPT system being core with Buck circuit.Its MPPT maximum power point tracking principle is as follows: photovoltaic cell is a non-linear power, and its output voltage and electric current are not only subject to the impact of light intensity and temperature, is also decided by character and the situation of load.In the volt-ampere curve of photovoltaic cell, the output characteristic curve of photovoltaic cell and the intersection point of dynamic characteristic are the working point of photovoltaic cell.If working point is in maximum power point, the electric energy that photovoltaic cell produces is fully utilized, otherwise the electric energy that it produces is not fully utilized.
The maximal power tracing point control method of photovoltaic cell is a lot, as open circuit voltage method, and short circuit current method, voltage disturbance method, incremental conductance method etc.The present invention adopts voltage disturbance method, and the method controls simple, and the parameter detected is less, is therefore generally applied in maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker.Voltage disturbance, by comparing the power output of this photovoltaic cell and last time, is determined to increase or the output voltage of minimizing photovoltaic cell.If power increases, then photovoltaic cell voltage maintains original voltage disturbance direction; If power reduction, then photovoltaic cell voltage disturbance round about.By disturbance repeatedly, observe and compare, making the output power from photovoltaic cells reach maximum power point place.
For Buck circuit, regulate the output voltage of photovoltaic cell by changing duty ratio.For the present invention, concrete control procedure is as follows: single-chip microcomputer passes through voltage (output voltage of Buck) and the charging current (output current of Buck) of voltage sample module and current sample module samples storage battery, to duty ratio disturbance, observe the change of power on storage battery, if power increase, duty ratio is maintained to the disturbance in former direction, if power reduces, to duty ratio disturbance in the other direction, so repeatedly go on, after single-chip microcomputer calculates voltage disturbance, to switching tube output switching signal.
By maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker of the present invention, when external environment condition or storage battery change, photovoltaic cell can be operated near maximum power point, to improve the utilization ratio of photovoltaic cell.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker also comprises storage capacitor, and described storage capacitor is in parallel with photovoltaic cell.Under the input of Buck circuit is operated in on-off state, if do not add storage capacitor, then, under the state that photovoltaic cell is operated in off and on, optimum Working can not be in.After adding storage capacitor, when Buck contactor pipe disconnects, photovoltaic cell charges to storage capacitor, makes photovoltaic cell be in generating state all the time, now regulates Buck circuit duty Bizet can effectively follow the tracks of maximum power working point.
As present invention further optimization, described switching tube is MOSFET pipe.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of maximum power of photovoltaic cell of the present invention some tracker;
Fig. 2 is the software flow pattern of maximum power of photovoltaic cell of the present invention some tracker.
Symbol description in figure:
10-solar cell;
20-storage battery;
30-voltage acquisition module;
40-current acquisition module;
50-single-chip microcomputer;
Cin-storage capacitor; C-electric capacity;
D-diode;
L-inductance;
Q-MOSFET manages;
R-resistance.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker, comprises storage capacitor Cin, MOSFET pipe Q, inductance L, electric capacity C, diode D, resistance R, storage battery 20, voltage sample module 30, current sample module 40, single-chip microcomputer 50.Wherein, single-chip microcomputer 50 adopts PIC16F873a single-chip microcomputer.
Described storage capacitor Cin is in parallel with photovoltaic cell 10.
Described MOSFET pipe Q is connected with the positive pole of photovoltaic cell 10, and described inductance L is connected in series with MOSFET pipe Q, and described inductance L is connected in series with electric capacity C, and described electric capacity C is in parallel with storage battery 20.
The negative pole of described diode D is connected between MOSFET pipe Q and inductance L, and the positive pole of described diode D is connected with resistance R, and described electric capacity C, resistance R, diode D, inductance L form primary Ioops.
Described voltage sample module 30 is connected with storage battery 20, described current sample module 40 is connected with one end of resistance R, one end of described resistance R is connected with electric capacity C, and described single-chip microcomputer 50 is connected with voltage sample module 30 and current sample module 40, and described single-chip microcomputer 50 is connected with MOSFET pipe Q.
In real work, single-chip microcomputer 50 passes through voltage (output voltage of Buck) and the charging current (output current of Buck) of voltage sample module 30 and current sample module 40 sample battery 20, to duty ratio disturbance, observe the change of power on storage battery 20, if power increase, duty ratio is maintained to the disturbance in former direction, if power reduces, to duty ratio disturbance in the other direction, so repeatedly go on, after single-chip microcomputer 50 pairs of voltage disturbances calculate, to MOSFET pipe Q output switching signal.
The software flow pattern of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker of the present invention as shown in Figure 2.
Above content is only better embodiment of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker, comprise switching tube (Q), inductance (L), electric capacity (C), diode (D), resistance (R), storage battery (20), voltage sample module (30), current sample module (40), single-chip microcomputer (50), described switching tube (Q) is connected with the positive pole of photovoltaic cell (10), described inductance (L) is connected in series with switching tube (Q), described inductance (L) is connected in series with electric capacity (C), described electric capacity (C) is in parallel with storage battery (20), the negative pole of described diode (D) is connected between switching tube (Q) and inductance (L), the positive pole of described diode (D) is connected with resistance (R), described electric capacity (C), resistance (R), diode (D), inductance (L) forms primary Ioops, it is characterized in that: described voltage sample module (30) is connected with storage battery (20), described current sample module (40) is connected with one end of resistance (R), one end of described resistance (R) is connected with electric capacity (C), described single-chip microcomputer (50) is connected with voltage sample module (30) and current sample module (40), described single-chip microcomputer (50) is connected with switching tube (Q).
2. a kind of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise storage capacitor (Cin), described storage capacitor (Cin) is in parallel with photovoltaic cell (10).
3. a kind of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described switching tube (Q) is MOSFET pipe.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410512674.XA CN104270084A (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2014-09-29 | Photovoltaic battery maximum power point tracker |
| CN201420569851.3U CN204190689U (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2014-09-29 | A kind of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410512674.XA CN104270084A (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2014-09-29 | Photovoltaic battery maximum power point tracker |
| CN201420569851.3U CN204190689U (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2014-09-29 | A kind of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104270084A true CN104270084A (en) | 2015-01-07 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420569851.3U Expired - Fee Related CN204190689U (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2014-09-29 | A kind of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker |
| CN201410512674.XA Pending CN104270084A (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2014-09-29 | Photovoltaic battery maximum power point tracker |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420569851.3U Expired - Fee Related CN204190689U (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2014-09-29 | A kind of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (2) | CN204190689U (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106849677A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-06-13 | 四川汇源光通信有限公司 | A kind of isolated form loop controls MPPT circuits |
| CN106873709A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-20 | 浙江大学 | A kind of MPPT methods of quick tracking photovoltaic maximum power point |
| CN106992570A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-07-28 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of microbiological fuel cell energy harvesting and its self-powered circuit and method |
| CN108181966A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-19 | 马鞍山职业技术学院 | A kind of photovoltaic MPPT control circuits and the photovoltaic multimodal MPP fast tracking methods based on voltage-power scan |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204190689U (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-03-04 | 苏州克兰兹电子科技有限公司 | A kind of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013122712A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-20 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Photovoltaic power generation apparatus and photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN203352246U (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-12-18 | 新疆希望电子有限公司 | Miniature photovoltaic controller based on super-capacitor energy accumulator |
| CN204190689U (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-03-04 | 苏州克兰兹电子科技有限公司 | A kind of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker |
-
2014
- 2014-09-29 CN CN201420569851.3U patent/CN204190689U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-09-29 CN CN201410512674.XA patent/CN104270084A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013122712A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-20 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Photovoltaic power generation apparatus and photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN203352246U (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-12-18 | 新疆希望电子有限公司 | Miniature photovoltaic controller based on super-capacitor energy accumulator |
| CN204190689U (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-03-04 | 苏州克兰兹电子科技有限公司 | A kind of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracker |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106873709A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-20 | 浙江大学 | A kind of MPPT methods of quick tracking photovoltaic maximum power point |
| CN106849677A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-06-13 | 四川汇源光通信有限公司 | A kind of isolated form loop controls MPPT circuits |
| CN106992570A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-07-28 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of microbiological fuel cell energy harvesting and its self-powered circuit and method |
| CN106992570B (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2023-04-07 | 福建农林大学 | Microbial fuel cell energy acquisition and self-powered circuit and method |
| CN108181966A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-19 | 马鞍山职业技术学院 | A kind of photovoltaic MPPT control circuits and the photovoltaic multimodal MPP fast tracking methods based on voltage-power scan |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN204190689U (en) | 2015-03-04 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20150107 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |