CN107219883A - A kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system and method - Google Patents
A kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107219883A CN107219883A CN201710448811.1A CN201710448811A CN107219883A CN 107219883 A CN107219883 A CN 107219883A CN 201710448811 A CN201710448811 A CN 201710448811A CN 107219883 A CN107219883 A CN 107219883A
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- maximum power
- power point
- voltage
- point tracking
- control system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The present invention relates to the solar cell MPPT maximum power point tracking control technology field in photovoltaic system, more particularly to photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system and method.Photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system in the present invention, including PV arrays, voltage transformation module, voltage sensor, current sensor, MPPT control modules, drive circuit, filter capacitor C2 and load.Present invention also offers a kind of control method of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system, the problem of solving fixed step algorithm steady-state behaviour and conflicting dynamic property, the speed and steady-state characteristic of MPPT maximum power point tracking have been taken into account simultaneously, are reduced system concussion, are followed the trail of the time short.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solar cell MPPT maximum power point tracking control technology field in photovoltaic system, more particularly to
It is a kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system and method.
Background technology
Energy availability and demand problem is increasingly severe, in order that earth environment is improved, people increasingly pay attention to new energy
The utilization of development and utilization, especially regenerative resource.Solar energy is used as a kind of new green power, it is possible to resolve because of conventional energy resource
The exhausted and energy crisis that triggers, by extensive concern both domestic and external.And photovoltaic generation is then currently to utilize the main of solar energy
One of form.The output characteristics of photovoltaic cell have compared with strong nonlinearity feature, its power output not only with inside photovoltaic cell
Characteristic is relevant, is also influenceed by external environmental condition (illumination, temperature), using maximum power point tracking technology (Maximum
Power point track, MPPT) it can effectively lift the energy conversion efficiency of photovoltaic system.Opened a way in conventional MPPT methods electric
Y-factor method Y and short circuit current flow Y-factor method Y are pressed, control is simply easily achieved, but need periodically to disconnect or short-circuit photovoltaic cell, led
More power loss is caused, and its operating point is not real maximum power point.Perturbation observation method passes through the output to photovoltaic panel
Voltage applies disturbance, detects the change of power output to track peak power.To fixed step size perturbation observation method, big step-length can be lifted
Tracking velocity, but nearby oscillation of power is big for maximum power point, and energy loss is serious；Small step-length can reduce energy loss, improve steady
State precision, but tracking velocity can be reduced.Conductance increment method is changed by comparing the conductance increment and moment conductance of photovoltaic cell
The control signal of system.In addition, there are the MPPT methods based on intelligent control, for example, the maximum work based on fuzzy algorithmic approach
Rate point Tracking Control Strategy, high with stable state accuracy, the characteristics of strong robustness, but the algorithm validity depends on the warp of designer
Test；Maximal power tracing is carried out with neural network algorithm, but needs to be trained every piece of photovoltaic panel to obtain its control rule；
The dynamic property of system is improved using synovial membrane variable-structure control, but its parameter designing is complex, and practicality is not high.Based on this,
The invention provides a kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system and method, fixed step algorithm can be solved stability
Can and dynamic property it is conflicting the problem of, while taken into account the speed and steady-state characteristic of MPPT maximum power point tracking, reduce and be
System concussion, follows the trail of the time short.
The content of the invention
It is conflicting the invention aims to solve fixed step algorithm steady-state behaviour and dynamic property in the prior art
The problem of there is provided a kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system and method.
The invention provides a kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system, including PV arrays, voltage transformation list
Member, voltage sensor, current sensor, MPPT control modules, drive circuit, filter capacitor C2 and load, the voltage transformation
Unit includes electric capacity C1, inductance L1, switching tube Q1 and diode D1；Electric capacity C1 two ends connect with the both positive and negative polarity of PV arrays respectively
Connect, inductance L1 one end connects the positive pole of PV arrays, other end connecting valve pipe Q1 drain electrode and diode D1 positive pole, opens
Close the source ground of pipe, diode D1 negative pole connection filter capacitor C2 one end, filter capacitor C2 other end ground connection, driving
The output end connecting valve pipe Q1 of circuit grid；Voltage sensor and current sensor connection MPPT control modules, and respectively
The voltage signal detected and current signal are sent to MPPT control modules；MPPT control modules connect drive circuit, and will
Duty cycle signals are sent to drive circuit.The voltage transformation module can also be that Boost boost conversion circuits or Buck are depressured
Translation circuit.The current sensor is preferably Hall sensor.
A kind of control method of above-mentioned photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system, it comprises the following steps：
(1) makeVocFor open-circuit voltage, VrefFor reference voltage, K0For open-circuit voltage proportionality constant, K0One
As value between 0.7-0.8, be taken as 0.78 herein, and by regulation parameter 3. andValue be respectively set to 0.5 and 0.08, lead to
Overvoltage sensor and current sensor detect current voltage V (k) and current flow I (k), voltage increment dV=V respectively
(k)-V (k-1), current increment dI=I (k)-I (k-1), power increment dP=V (k) * I (k)-V (k-1) * I (k-1)；
(2) judge whether dV is equal to 0, if it is, performing step (3)；If it is not, then redirecting execution step (4)；
(3) judge whether dI is equal to 0, if it is, execution step (5) is directly redirected, if it is not, then determining whether dI
Whether 0 is more than；If dI is more than 0, V is maderef=Vref+ 3. V (k), then redirects execution step (5)；If dI is not more than 0,
Then makeThen execution step (5) is redirected；
(4) judge whether dI/dV is equal to-I/V, if it is, step (5) is directly performed, if it is not, then determining whether
Whether dI/dV is more than-I/V；If dI/dV is not more than-I/V, V is maderef=Vref+ 3. V (k), then performs step (5)；Such as
Fruit dI/dV is more than-I/V, then makesThen step (5) is performed；
(5) makeReturn, wherein VMPPTFor maximum power point voltage.
Known by the output characteristic curve of photovoltaic module, on the left of maximum power point, curve is more smooth, dP/dV change phases
To gentle, quickly followed up using big step-length；On the right side of maximum power point, dP/dv changes are relatively large, now using small step-length essence
Really track and stably in maximum power point, so as to improve the speed of MPP tracking.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages that and beneficial effect：
A kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system proposed by the present invention is with method relative to traditional MPPT
Control system and method, while having taken into account the speed and steady-state characteristic of MPPT maximum power point tracking, reduce system concussion, during tracking
Between it is short.
Brief description of the drawings
The photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system structural representation that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention.
The photovoltaic maximum power point tracking and controlling method flow chart that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system and method, to make the mesh of the present invention
, technical scheme and advantage it is clearer, clear and definite, the present invention is described in more detail for the embodiment that develops simultaneously referring to the drawings.
It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system, including PV arrays, voltage transformation module, voltage
Sensor, current sensor, MPPT control modules, drive circuit, filter capacitor C2 and load, the voltage transformation module include
Electric capacity C1, inductance L1, switching tube Q1 and diode D1；Both positive and negative polarity of the electric capacity C1 two ends respectively with PV arrays is connected, inductance
L1 one end connects the positive pole of PV arrays, other end connecting valve pipe Q1 drain electrode and diode D1 positive pole, switching tube
Source ground, diode D1 negative pole connection filter capacitor C2 one end, filter capacitor C2 other end ground connection, drive circuit
Output end connecting valve pipe Q1 grid；Voltage sensor and current sensor connection MPPT control modules, and respectively will detection
To voltage signal and current signal be sent to MPPT control modules；MPPT control modules connect drive circuit, and by dutycycle
Signal is sent to drive circuit.The voltage transformation module can also be Boost boost conversion circuits or Buck decompression transformations electricity
Road.The current sensor is preferably Hall sensor.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of control method of above-mentioned photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system, it includes following
Step：
(1) makeVocFor open-circuit voltage, VrefFor reference voltage, K0For open-circuit voltage proportionality constant, K0One
As value between 0.7-0.8, be taken as 0.78 herein, and by regulation parameter 3. andValue be respectively set to 0.5 and 0.08, lead to
Overvoltage sensor and current sensor detect current voltage V (k) and current flow I (k), voltage increment dV=V respectively
(k)-V (k-1), current increment dI=I (k)-I (k-1), power increment dP=V (k) * I (k)-V (k-1) * I (k-1)；
(2) judge whether dV is equal to 0, if it is, performing step (3)；If it is not, then redirecting execution step (4)；
(3) judge whether dI is equal to 0, if it is, execution step (5) is directly redirected, if it is not, then determining whether dI
Whether 0 is more than；If dI is more than 0, V is maderef=Vref+ 3. V (k), then redirects execution step (5)；If dI is not more than 0,
Then makeThen execution step (5) is redirected；
(4) judge whether dI/dV is equal to-I/V, if it is, step (5) is directly performed, if it is not, then determining whether
Whether dI/dV is more than-I/V；If dI/dV is not more than-I/V, V is maderef=Vref+ 3. V (k), then performs step (5)；Such as
Fruit dI/dV is more than-I/V, then makesThen step (5) is performed；
(5) makeReturn, wherein VMPPTFor maximum power point voltage.
Known by the output characteristic curve of photovoltaic module, on the left of maximum power point, curve is more smooth, dP/dV change phases
To gentle, quickly followed up using big step-length；On the right side of maximum power point, dP/dv changes are relatively large, now using small step-length essence
Really track and stably in maximum power point, so as to improve the speed of MPP tracking.
Simulation result is shown, when illuminance is significantly alterred, and photovoltaic system is under algorithm control significantly to maximum
Power points is close, and the tracking time is short, comparatively fast in stable state output, and reduces reforming phenomena.
The MPPT control systems and method of the present invention is relative to traditional algorithm, while having taken into account MPPT maximum power point tracking
Speed and steady-state characteristic, are reduced system concussion, the peak power output of photovoltaic cell can be tracked with fast and stable, meet system
The tracer request for peak power of uniting.
It should be appreciated that the application of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned citing, for those of ordinary skills, can
To be improved or converted according to the above description, all these modifications and variations should all belong to the guarantor of appended claims of the present invention
Protect scope.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system, it is characterised in that including PV arrays, voltage transformation module,
Voltage sensor, current sensor, MPPT control modules, drive circuit, filter capacitor C2 and load, wherein, drive circuit
Output end connecting valve pipe Q1 grid；Voltage sensor and current sensor connection MPPT control modules, and respectively will detection
To voltage signal and current signal be sent to MPPT control modules；MPPT control modules connect drive circuit, and by dutycycle
Signal is sent to drive circuit.
2. a kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the voltage
Converter unit includes electric capacity C1, inductance L1, switching tube Q1 and diode D1；Electric capacity C1 two ends are positive and negative with PV arrays respectively
Pole is connected, and inductance L1 one end connects the positive pole of PV arrays, and other end connecting valve pipe Q1 drain electrode and diode D1 are just
Pole, the source ground of switching tube, diode D1 negative pole connection filter capacitor C2 one end, filter capacitor C2 another termination
Ground.
3. a kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the voltage
Converter unit is Boost boost conversion circuits or Buck step-down conversion circuits.
4. a kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the electric current
Sensor is preferably Hall sensor.
5. a kind of control method of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system as described in claim 1-4, its feature
It is, comprises the following steps：
(1) makeVocFor open-circuit voltage, VrefFor reference voltage, K0For open-circuit voltage proportionality constant, K0Typically take
Value is taken as 0.78 herein between 0.7-0.8, and by regulation parameter 3. andValue be respectively set to 0.5 and 0.08, pass through electricity
Pressure sensor and current sensor detect current voltage V (k) and current flow I (k), voltage increment dV=V (k)-V respectively
(k-1), current increment dI=I (k)-I (k-1), power increment dP=V (k) * I (k)-V (k-1) * I (k-1)；
(2) judge whether dV is equal to 0, if it is, performing step (3)；If it is not, then redirecting execution step (4)；
(3) judge whether dI is equal to 0, if it is, execution step (5) is directly redirected, if it is not, then whether determining whether dI
More than 0；If dI is more than 0, makeThen execution step (5) is redirected；If dI is not more than 0, makeThen execution step (5) is redirected；
(4) judge whether dI/dV is equal to-I/V, if it is, step (5) is directly performed, if it is not, then determining whether dI/
Whether dV is more than-I/V；If dI/dV is not more than-I/V, makeThen step (5) is performed；If
DI/dV is more than-I/V, then makesThen step (5) is performed；
(5) makeReturn, wherein VMPPTFor maximum power point voltage.
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| CN108181967A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-06-19 | 西华大学 | A kind of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit and its control method for thermoelectric generator |
| CN108304027A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-07-20 | 吴丹 | Variable-step MPPT control system and method for solar power generation |
| CN108363451A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-08-03 | 吴丹 | A kind of solar power generation variable step MPPT control devices and method |
| CN114679070A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-06-28 | 深圳市京泉华科技股份有限公司 | Tidal energy control system and control method thereof |
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| CN108304027A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-07-20 | 吴丹 | Variable-step MPPT control system and method for solar power generation |
| CN108363451A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-08-03 | 吴丹 | A kind of solar power generation variable step MPPT control devices and method |
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