CN103166239A - Centralized-distributed mixed novel energy power generation system and maximum power point tracking control method - Google Patents
Centralized-distributed mixed novel energy power generation system and maximum power point tracking control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103166239A CN103166239A CN2011104100804A CN201110410080A CN103166239A CN 103166239 A CN103166239 A CN 103166239A CN 2011104100804 A CN2011104100804 A CN 2011104100804A CN 201110410080 A CN201110410080 A CN 201110410080A CN 103166239 A CN103166239 A CN 103166239A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
- H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a centralized-distributed mixed novel energy power generation system and a maximum power point tracking control method, and belongs to the technical field of novel energy power generation. The novel energy power generation system comprises a plurality of novel energy power generation modules connected in serial in a distributed mode and a centralized converter, wherein each novel energy power generation module comprises power generation equipment and a direct current converter. The maximum power point tracking control method is that the distributed power generation modules and the centralized converter carry out maximum power point tracking on the power generation equipment at the same time, wherein the novel energy power generation modules and the centralized converter respectively carry out the maximum power point tracking on different areas of power generation module outputting characteristic curves. The control method enables the centralized converter and the power generation modules to work stably and reliably under communication-free situations, the centralized converter automatically works on the optimal direct current bus voltage point, the novel energy power generation modules simultaneously enable each power generation equipment to work on the corresponding maximum power point, and maximum power output of the system is automatically achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the generation of electricity by new energy technical field, what be specifically related to is the corresponding hybrid maximum power point-tracing control method that concentrate-distributes of serial module structure structure grid-connected power generation system and this system, and the present invention is particularly useful for photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting electricity generation system and thermoelectric heat generation system etc.
Background technology
Developing and utilizing the novel energy generation technologies such as solar energy, thermoelectricity is the Important Action of the reply energy and environmental crisis.Because the generation of electricity by new energy equipment cost is high and energy conversion efficiency is low, greatly increased cost of electricity-generating, limited the promotion and application of generation of electricity by new energy technology.Below take solar photovoltaic generation system as example illustrates application background of the present invention.
Parallel network power generation is that solar power generation is applied topmost mode, and according to statistics, the whole world is grid-connected application over 90% photovoltaic power generation equipment installed capacity, and this is because the relatively independent photovoltaic system of grid-connected application has the advantages such as cost is low and non-maintaining.Realize the mode of maximal power tracing (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT) according to photovoltaic module, grid-connected photovoltaic system is divided into centralized and distributed two types.Distributed MPPT system can guarantee that each photovoltaic module is operated in maximum power point separately, remove the voltage or the current coupling that exist when the direct connection in series-parallel of each assembly connects, eliminate between photovoltaic module the inconsistent or environmental condition of characteristic when inconsistent because the energy output that impact causes each other reduces problem, improvement system generating efficiency, improve system reliability high simultaneously, thereby be subject to extensive concern.
Grid-connected photovoltaic system based on distributed MPPT comprises at present: (1) interchange modular system based on micro-inverter; (2) grid-connected photovoltaic system based on the parallel connection of high voltage direct current module outlet side; (3) grid-connected photovoltaic system based on the series connection of low-voltage direct module outlet side.Because output power of photovoltaic module is little, output voltage is low, micro-inverter or high voltage direct current module need to realize high step-up ratio by transformer or coupling inductance etc. usually, to meet the line voltage demand, cause converter topology complex structure, Efficiency Decreasing, reliability reduction, cost to increase.In distributed series connection grid-connected photovoltaic system, a plurality of generation of electricity by new energy module outlet side series connection form high voltage direct current, DC-DC converter in the generation of electricity by new energy module self does not need height to boost, therefore can adopt basic Buck, Boost or Buck/Boost converter to realize, have that efficiency is high, high reliability.But the conversion efficiency of basic Buck, Boost or Buck/Boost converter is relevant with the difference of input and output voltage, it is larger that input and output voltage differs, its efficiency is lower, in order to make whole system obtain optimum generating efficiency, need to adjust in real time the input side DC bus-bar voltage by combining inverter, make the DC-DC converter input and output voltage in the generation of electricity by new energy module approach.Yet combining inverter can't directly obtain each generation of electricity by new energy module output voltage values, can't determine suitable input side d-c bus voltage value.By being the mode that all generation of electricity by new energy modules and combining inverter add communication system, can make combining inverter obtain the output voltage of all DC Modules, thereby suitable d-c bus voltage value is set, but system cost is high, and the system operation needs to rely on communication, poor reliability.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems such as the high and energy conversion efficiency of existing grid-connected power generation system cost is low, a kind of hybrid grid-connected power generation system that concentrate-distributes is provided, a kind of hybrid maximum power point-tracing control method that concentrate-distributes for distributed serial module structure formula grid-connected power generation system also is provided simultaneously.The present invention controls with the distributed maximal power tracing of generation of electricity by new energy module and controls and combine by the centralized maximal power tracing that will concentrate converter, make and concentrate converter to be automatically set at optimum input side d-c bus voltage value, improve the system effectiveness of grid-connected power generation system, reach the purpose that improves energy output.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Hybrid grid-connected power generation system concentrate-distributes, this system comprises at least one DC Module group string and a concentrated converter, the output of all DC Module group strings high voltage dc bus that forms in parallel, and be connected with the input of concentrated converter, described DC Module group string comprises a plurality of generation of electricity by new energy modules, and the output series connection of described a plurality of generation of electricity by new energy modules forms DC Module group string; Described generation of electricity by new energy module comprises generation of electricity by new energy equipment and DC-DC converter, and the output of described generation of electricity by new energy equipment is connected with the input of DC-DC converter, and the output of DC-DC converter is the output of new forms of energy DC Module.
In the preferred version of above-mentioned electricity generation system, described generation of electricity by new energy equipment can be photovoltaic module, thermal cell.
Further, the DC-DC converter in described generation of electricity by new energy module is buck converter or buck-boost converter.
Further, described concentrated converter can be DC-DC converter or combining inverter, when concentrated converter is the DC-DC converter, concentrate converter output can with electric loading or storage battery, be connected, when concentrated converter is combining inverter, concentrate the output of converter to be connected with electrical network.
For above-mentioned grid-connected power generation system, the invention provides a kind of hybrid maximum power point-tracing control method that concentrate-distributes, DC-DC converter in this control method in the generation of electricity by new energy module only carries out maximal power tracing to the generation of electricity by new energy equipment be connected with this DC-DC converter, concentrates converter to carry out maximal power tracing to all generation of electricity by new energy equipment simultaneously.
In the preferred version of above-mentioned control method, the input voltage that generation of electricity by new energy equipment is carried out to maximal power tracing and DC-DC converter when the DC-DC converter equals generation of electricity by new energy equipment maximum power point voltage (U
mPPT) time, the maximum output voltage (U of DC-DC converter
omax) be more than or equal to the maximum power point (U of generation of electricity by new energy module
mPPT) voltage and be less than the open circuit voltage (U of generation of electricity by new energy module
oC), the DC-DC converter can adopt MPPT maximum power point tracking strategy arbitrarily to realize the maximal power tracing of generation of electricity by new energy module, and concentrates the following control strategy of converter using to realize the maximal power tracing of all generation of electricity by new energy modules:
(1) concentrate converter to change input side busbar voltage (U
bus), the detection set converter changes busbar voltage (U simultaneously
bus) before and after the input power size;
(2) if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power diminish, reduce bus voltage value (U
bus), if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power become large, continue to increase bus voltage value (U
bus);
(3) if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power diminish, increase bus voltage value (U
bus), if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) the input power change is large afterwards, continues to reduce bus voltage value (U
bus);
(4) if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) input power is constant afterwards, increases bus voltage value (U
bus), if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) input power is constant afterwards, continues to increase bus voltage value (U
bus).
In another preferred version of above-mentioned control method, the input voltage that the generation of electricity by new energy module is carried out to maximal power tracing and DC-DC converter when the DC-DC converter equals generation of electricity by new energy module maximum power point voltage (U
mPPT) time, the minimum output (U of DC-DC converter
omin) voltage is less than or equal to the maximum power point (U of generation of electricity by new energy module
mPPT) voltage and be greater than 0, the maximum output voltage (U of DC-DC converter simultaneously
omax) be greater than the open circuit voltage (U of generation of electricity by new energy module
oC), the DC-DC converter can adopt MPPT maximum power point tracking strategy arbitrarily to realize the maximal power tracing of generation of electricity by new energy module, and concentrates the following control strategy of converter using to realize the maximal power tracing of all generation of electricity by new energy modules:
(1) concentrate converter to change input side busbar voltage (U
bus), the detection set converter changes busbar voltage (U simultaneously
bus) before and after the input power size;
(2) if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power diminish, reduce bus voltage value (U
bus), if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power become large, continue to increase bus voltage value (U
bus);
(3) if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power diminish, increase bus voltage value (U
bus), if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) the input power change is large afterwards, continues to reduce bus voltage value (U
bus);
(4) if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) input power is constant afterwards, continues to reduce bus voltage value (U
bus), if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) input power is constant afterwards, reduces bus voltage value (U
bus).
The present invention who obtains according to the Chinese fir scheme enough makes to concentrate converter and electricity generation module without stable, reliably working under signal intelligence, concentrated converter automatically operates in optimum DC bus-bar voltage point, the generation of electricity by new energy module makes each generating equipment be operated in maximum power point separately simultaneously, makes system automatically realize maximum power output.
The present invention simultaneously compared with prior art also has the following advantages:
(1) concentrate converter not need with the generation of electricity by new energy module of distributed series connection the cooperation of communicating by letter, system can be stablized, reliably working, realizes maximum power output;
(2) concentrate converter to concentrate and carry out maximal power tracing control all generation of electricity by new energy equipment, can make to concentrate the input DC bus-bar voltage of converter to be automatically made the close bus voltage value of DC-DC converter input and output voltage made in the generation of electricity by new energy module, improve the operating state of DC-DC converter, the conversion efficiency of raising DC-DC converter, improve the system energy output;
(3) the DC-DC converter in generation of electricity by new energy module carries out maximal power tracing to the generation of electricity by new energy equipment with being connected separately respectively, can guarantee that each generation of electricity by new energy equipment is operated in maximum power point separately, avoid characteristic between photovoltaic module, inconsistent the influencing each other of causing of environmental condition, at utmost improve the system generating efficiency.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is grid-connected power generation system schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the generation of electricity by new energy module diagram;
Fig. 3 is the photovoltaic DC module diagram;
Fig. 4 is photovoltaic module power-voltage response;
Fig. 5 is conventional photovoltaic DC Module power-voltage response;
The tracing area schematic diagram of distributed maximal power tracing and centralized maximal power tracing when Fig. 6 is employing control strategy 1;
Fig. 7 is photovoltaic DC Module power-voltage response while adopting control strategy 1;
The tracing area schematic diagram of distributed maximal power tracing and centralized maximal power tracing when Fig. 8 is employing control strategy 2;
Fig. 9 is photovoltaic DC Module power-voltage response while adopting control strategy 2.
Symbol description in figure: PV-photovoltaic module; The DC-DC-DC-DC converter; The DC/AC-combining inverter; u
g-electrical network; u
bus-combining inverter direct current input side busbar voltage; u
pV-photovoltaic module output voltage; p
pV-output power of photovoltaic module; P
mPPT-photovoltaic module maximum power point electrical power; U
mPPT-photovoltaic module maximum power point voltage; U
oC-photovoltaic module open circuit voltage; u
o-photovoltaic DC module output voltage; p
o-photovoltaic DC module power output; u
omax-photovoltaic DC module maximum output voltage; u
omin-photovoltaic DC module minimum output voltage.
Embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, further set forth the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the hybrid grid-connected power generation system that concentrate-distributes provided by the invention, it comprises N generation of electricity by new energy module 100 and a concentrated converter 200.
Referring to Fig. 2, each generation of electricity by new energy module 100 mainly consists of generation of electricity by new energy equipment 101 and DC-DC converter 102, wherein, the output of generation of electricity by new energy equipment 101 is connected with the input of DC-DC converter 102, and the output of DC-DC converter is the output of new forms of energy DC Module.The output of N generation of electricity by new energy module 100 is connected successively and is formed DC Module group string 300, and the output of DC Module group string 300 forms high voltage dc bus, then with the input of concentrated converter 200, is connected.
Generation of electricity by new energy equipment 101 can be the equipment such as photovoltaic module, thermal cell in the present invention.
Concentrating converter 200 can be DC-DC converter or combining inverter, when concentrated converter is the DC-DC converter, concentrate converter 200 output can with electric loading or storage battery 400, be connected, when concentrated converter 200 is combining inverter, concentrate the output of converter to be connected with electrical network 400.
As another distortion of grid-connected power generation system in the present invention, this grid-connected power generation system consists of a plurality of DC Module group strings 300 and a concentrated converter 200, the output of a plurality of DC Module group strings 300 is in parallel forms high voltage dc bus, and then is connected with the input of concentrated converter 200.
In the grid-connected power generation system formed according to such scheme, generation of electricity by new energy module and concentrated converter carry out maximal power tracing to generation of electricity by new energy equipment simultaneously, DC-DC converter in wherein generation of electricity by new energy module only carries out maximal power tracing to the generation of electricity by new energy equipment be connected with this DC-DC converter, concentrates converter to carry out maximal power tracing to all generation of electricity by new energy equipment simultaneously.
Based on above-mentioned principle, the hybrid maximum power point that concentrate-distributes provided by the invention specifically comprises two kinds of control programs with middle control method.
Control program 1:
In this scheme, DC-DC converter in the generation of electricity by new energy module can adopt buck converter or buck-boost converter, and the input voltage that generation of electricity by new energy equipment is carried out to maximal power tracing and DC-DC converter when the DC-DC converter equals generation of electricity by new energy equipment maximum power point voltage (U
mPPT) time, the maximum output voltage (U of DC-DC converter
omax) be more than or equal to the maximum power point (U of generation of electricity by new energy module
mPPT) voltage and be less than the open circuit voltage (U of generation of electricity by new energy module
oC), the DC-DC converter can adopt MPPT maximum power point tracking strategy arbitrarily to realize the maximal power tracing of generation of electricity by new energy module, and concentrates the following control strategy of converter using to realize the maximal power tracing of all generation of electricity by new energy modules:
(1) concentrate converter to change input side busbar voltage (U
bus), the detection set converter changes busbar voltage (U simultaneously
bus) before and after the input power size;
(2) if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power diminish, reduce bus voltage value (U
bus), if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power become large, continue to increase bus voltage value (U
bus);
(3) if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power diminish, increase bus voltage value (U
bus), if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) the input power change is large afterwards, continues to reduce bus voltage value (U
bus);
(4) if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) input power is constant afterwards, increases bus voltage value (U
bus), if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) input power is constant afterwards, continues to increase bus voltage value (U
bus).
Control program 2:
In this scheme, DC-DC converter in the generation of electricity by new energy module can adopt booster converter or buck-boost converter, and the input voltage that the generation of electricity by new energy module is carried out to maximal power tracing and DC-DC converter when the DC-DC converter equals generation of electricity by new energy module maximum power point voltage (U
mPPT) time, the minimum output (U of DC-DC converter
omin) voltage is less than or equal to the maximum power point (U of generation of electricity by new energy module
mPPT) voltage and be greater than 0, the maximum output voltage (U of DC-DC converter simultaneously
omax) be greater than the open circuit voltage (U of generation of electricity by new energy module
oC), the DC-DC converter can adopt MPPT maximum power point tracking strategy arbitrarily to realize the maximal power tracing of generation of electricity by new energy module, and concentrates the following control strategy of converter using to realize the maximal power tracing of all generation of electricity by new energy modules:
(1) concentrate converter to change input side busbar voltage (U
bus), the detection set converter changes busbar voltage (U simultaneously
bus) before and after the input power size;
(2) if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power diminish, reduce bus voltage value (U
bus), if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power become large, continue to increase bus voltage value (U
bus);
(3) if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power diminish, increase bus voltage value (U
bus), if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) the input power change is large afterwards, continues to reduce bus voltage value (U
bus);
(4) if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) input power is constant afterwards, continues to reduce bus voltage value (U
bus), if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) input power is constant afterwards, reduces bus voltage value (U
bus).
Below take control program 1 as example, concentrate-the distribute operation principle of hybrid maximum power point-tracing control method of the distributed series connection grid-connected photovoltaic system of the present invention is described.Do for simplifying the analysis following hypothesis: the generation of electricity by new energy equipment in (1) grid-connected power generation system is solar photovoltaic assembly, and concentrated converter is combining inverter; (2) the generation of electricity by new energy module that photovoltaic module and DC-DC converter form is referred to as the photovoltaic DC module, as shown in Figure 3; (3) input voltage that the DC-DC converter in the photovoltaic DC module carries out maximal power tracing and DC-DC converter to photovoltaic module equals photovoltaic module maximum power point voltage (U
mPPT) time, the maximum output voltage (U of DC-DC converter
omax) equal the maximum power point (U of photovoltaic module
mPPT) voltage.
For traditional grid-connected photovoltaic system, can only carry out centralized maximal power tracing control by combining inverter to all photovoltaic modulies separately, perhaps can only carry out distributed maximal power tracing control to each photovoltaic module by the DC-DC converter in the photovoltaic DC module, be that centralized maximal power tracing is controlled and distributed maximal power tracing is controlled and can't be carried out simultaneously, this is because both maximal power tracings can clash, concrete reason is as follows: the power output-voltage response of conventional photovoltaic assembly as shown in Figure 4, there is unique maximum power point (U in characteristic curve
mPPT, P
mPPT), after a plurality of photovoltaic module connection in series-parallel, the power output-voltage response of the single photovoltaic module shown in power output-voltage response and accompanying drawing 4 is similar, be still to have unique maximum power point in system, when combining inverter carries out centralized maximal power tracing to all photovoltaic modulies simultaneously, can be by changing the combining inverter input terminal voltage, also change the photovoltaic module output voltage, contrast the mode that output power of photovoltaic module changes simultaneously, automatic search is to maximum power point, thereby steady operation, yet centralized maximal power tracing can't be taken into account the output characteristic of each photovoltaic module, guarantee that each assembly can be operated in maximum power point, after the formation that is connected with the DC-DC converter when photovoltaic module photovoltaic DC module, the DC-DC converter carries out distributed maximal power tracing to each photovoltaic module, can guarantee that each photovoltaic module is operated in maximum power point separately, because the DC-DC converter carries out maximal power tracing to photovoltaic module always, the power output of DC-DC converter keeps the power of photovoltaic module maximum power point always, and it is irrelevant with the output voltage of DC-DC converter, the photovoltaic DC module power output-voltage response formed thus as shown in Figure 5, this curve is a level and smooth straight line, after a plurality of photovoltaic DC module connection in series-parallel connect, its output characteristic curve is still level and smooth straight line, be not have maximum power point in output characteristic curve, because the power output that all electrical voltage points are corresponding is all identical, if now combining inverter continues the photovoltaic DC module is carried out to centralized maximal power tracing, the maximum power point of corresponding point of fixed potential can't be detected, the centralized maximal power tracing that is combining inverter will lose efficacy, combining inverter input DC bus-bar voltage is by random fluctuation in this case, affect system stable operation.
For distributed series connection grid-connected photovoltaic system, only need to carry out distributed maximal power tracing control by the photovoltaic DC module and just can guarantee that each photovoltaic module is operated in maximum power point separately, yet DC-DC conversion efficiency and input and output voltage in the photovoltaic DC module have very large relation, for adopting basic Buck, the photovoltaic DC module of Boost or Buck-Boost converter, the input and output voltage of converter is more approaching, the conversion efficiency of DC-DC converter is higher, namely the output voltage of DC-DC converter is got over the maximum power point voltage close to photovoltaic module, the conversion efficiency of DC-DC converter is also higher, the generating efficiency of grid-connected system is also higher.For the output voltage that makes the DC-DC converter approaches the maximum power point voltage of photovoltaic panel, need to adjust in real time by combining inverter the value of combining inverter input DC bus-bar voltage, thereby make the maximum power point voltage of the output voltage of DC-DC converter close to photovoltaic module.Yet combining inverter can't obtain the output voltage information of each photovoltaic DC module, therefore can't automatically select optimum d-c bus voltage value.
In order to address the above problem, the present invention the adopts concentrated-hybrid maximal power tracing control strategy that distributes, comprise two kinds of control programs.The basic principle of control program 1 is as shown in Figure 6: by the power output-voltage response of photovoltaic DC module centered by maximum power point, be divided into two parts in left and right, make the photovoltaic DC module only at the Left half-plane of photovoltaic module, carry out distributed maximal power tracing control, combining inverter concentrates the RHP to all photovoltaic modulies to carry out centralized maximal power tracing control.Based on said method, the photovoltaic DC module is only carried out maximal power tracing control when output voltage is less than or equal to maximum power point voltage, and the output characteristic curve of photovoltaic DC module as shown in Figure 7 thus.7 is known with reference to the accompanying drawings, when the output voltage of photovoltaic DC module during lower than the maximum power point voltage of photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic DC module is carried out maximal power tracing control, power output-the voltage curve of photovoltaic DC module is level and smooth straight line, and when the output voltage of photovoltaic DC module during higher than the photovoltaic module maximum power point voltage, the photovoltaic DC module is not carried out maximal power tracing control, and the output characteristic of photovoltaic DC module is consistent with the photovoltaic module primary characteristic.When a plurality of photovoltaic DC modules are connected in series, its output characteristic is still similar to the power-voltage response shown in accompanying drawing 7, be that power-voltage response is no longer a level and smooth straight line, when combining inverter carries out centralized maximal power tracing to all photovoltaic modulies, adopt control strategy of the present invention, can automatically trace near the maximum power point voltage of photovoltaic module, this voltage can guarantee that the output voltage of photovoltaic DC module and the maximum power point voltage of photovoltaic module self approach automatically, thereby guarantee that the photovoltaic DC module has very high conversion efficiency, reach the purpose of improving the grid-connected system generating efficiency.
For control program 2 realize principle and control program 1 similar, still the output characteristic curve of photovoltaic module is divided into to two planes, left and right centered by maximum power point voltage, as shown in Figure 8, wherein the photovoltaic DC module is only carried out distributed maximal power tracing control to the RHP of photovoltaic module, thereby the power output-voltage response of the photovoltaic DC module obtained as shown in Figure 9, combining inverter further carries out centralized maximal power tracing control to the Left half-plane of photovoltaic module, under control strategy of the present invention, can automatically trace near the maximum power point voltage of photovoltaic module, thereby guarantee that the output voltage of photovoltaic DC module and the maximum power point voltage of photovoltaic module self approach, thereby guarantee that the photovoltaic DC module has very high conversion efficiency, reach the purpose of improving the grid-connected system generating efficiency.
Above demonstration and described basic principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and specification, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. hybrid grid-connected power generation system concentrate-distributes, it is characterized in that, described grid-connected power generation system comprises at least one DC Module group string and a concentrated converter, the output of all DC Module group strings high voltage dc bus that forms in parallel, and be connected with the input of concentrated converter, described DC Module group string comprises a plurality of generation of electricity by new energy modules, and the output series connection of described a plurality of generation of electricity by new energy modules forms DC Module group string; Described generation of electricity by new energy module comprises generation of electricity by new energy equipment and DC-DC converter, and the output of described generation of electricity by new energy equipment is connected with the input of DC-DC converter, and the output of DC-DC converter is the output of new forms of energy DC Module.
2. the hybrid grid-connected power generation system that concentrate-distributes according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described generation of electricity by new energy equipment can be photovoltaic module, thermal cell.
3. the hybrid grid-connected power generation system that concentrate-distributes according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the DC-DC converter in described generation of electricity by new energy module is buck converter or buck-boost converter.
4. the hybrid grid-connected power generation system that concentrate-distributes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described concentrated converter can be DC-DC converter or combining inverter, when concentrated converter is the DC-DC converter, concentrate converter output can with electric loading or storage battery, be connected, when concentrated converter is combining inverter, concentrate the output of converter to be connected with electrical network.
5. hybrid maximum power point-tracing control method concentrate-distributes, it is characterized in that, DC-DC converter in described control method in the generation of electricity by new energy module only carries out maximal power tracing to the generation of electricity by new energy equipment be connected with this DC-DC converter, concentrates converter to carry out maximal power tracing to all generation of electricity by new energy equipment simultaneously.
6. the hybrid maximum power point-tracing control method that concentrate-distributes according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the input voltage that generation of electricity by new energy equipment is carried out to maximal power tracing and DC-DC converter when the DC-DC converter equals generation of electricity by new energy equipment maximum power point voltage (U
mPPt) time, the maximum output voltage (U of DC-DC converter
omax) be more than or equal to the maximum power point (U of generation of electricity by new energy module
mPPT) voltage and be less than the open circuit voltage (U of generation of electricity by new energy module
oC), the DC-DC converter can adopt MPPT maximum power point tracking strategy arbitrarily to realize the maximal power tracing of generation of electricity by new energy module, and concentrates the following control strategy of converter using to realize the maximal power tracing of all generation of electricity by new energy modules:
(1) concentrate converter to change input side busbar voltage (U
bus), the detection set converter changes busbar voltage (U simultaneously
bus) before and after the input power size;
(2) if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power diminish, reduce bus voltage value (U
bus), if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power become large, continue to increase bus voltage value (U
bus);
(3) if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power diminish, increase bus voltage value (U
bus), if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) the input power change is large afterwards, continues to reduce bus voltage value (U
bus);
(4) if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) input power is constant afterwards, increases bus voltage value (U
bus), if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) input power is constant afterwards, continues to increase bus voltage value (U
bus).
7. the hybrid maximum power point-tracing control method that concentrate-distributes according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the input voltage that the generation of electricity by new energy module is carried out to maximal power tracing and DC-DC converter when the DC-DC converter equals generation of electricity by new energy module maximum power point voltage (U
mPPT) time, the minimum output (U of DC-DC converter
omin) voltage is less than or equal to the maximum power point (U of generation of electricity by new energy module
mPPT) voltage and be greater than 0, the maximum output voltage (U of DC-DC converter simultaneously
omax) be greater than the open circuit voltage (U of generation of electricity by new energy module
oC), the DC-DC converter can adopt MPPT maximum power point tracking strategy arbitrarily to realize the maximal power tracing of generation of electricity by new energy module, and concentrates the following control strategy of converter using to realize the maximal power tracing of all generation of electricity by new energy modules:
(1) concentrate converter to change input side busbar voltage (U
bus), the detection set converter changes busbar voltage (U simultaneously
bus) before and after the input power size;
(2) if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power diminish, reduce bus voltage value (U
bus), if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power become large, continue to increase bus voltage value (U
bus);
(3) if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) after input power diminish, increase bus voltage value (U
bus), if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) the input power change is large afterwards, continues to reduce bus voltage value (U
bus);
(4) if reduce bus voltage value (U
bus) input power is constant afterwards, continues to reduce bus voltage value (U
bus), if increase bus voltage value (U
bus) input power is constant afterwards, reduces bus voltage value (U
bus).
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| CN103166239B (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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