CN104257754A - 一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液 - Google Patents
一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,属于鱼药技术领域。采用以下方法制备:1)按照重量百分含量称取蛇床子30-40%、苦楝叶60-70%,加3-4倍于总药材重量的水浸泡2-3h,然后在100℃下煎煮30-40min,最后过滤除去药渣,收集滤液,制得中药液,备用;2)按照重量百分含量称取5-7%几丁质、2-12%没食子酸、2-10%呋喃西林、中药液72-90%,混合溶解均匀即可。上述一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,不仅预防效果好,能够祛除金鱼体表的病菌,提高鱼本身抵抗力,且对金鱼白点病、烂鳃病、松鳞病、白毛病都有很好的治疗效果,有效的解决单一抗生素的抗耐药性,同时对预防鱼病的复发或感染可产生积极的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于鱼药技术领域,具体为一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液。
背景技术
金鱼起源于中国,是由鲫鱼进化而成的观赏鱼类。金鱼的品种很多,颜色有红、橙、紫、蓝、墨、银白、五花等,金鱼易于饲养,它身姿奇异,色彩绚丽,形态优美,鱼能美化环境,很受人们的喜爱,是具有中国特色的观赏鱼,但是这些漂亮的观赏鱼的抵抗力普遍比较低,很容易被病菌所感染 ,而且传染速度非常快,只要有一只与受到感染,通过水体就会传染给其他鱼,造成整个鱼缸的水质下降,鱼会大面积患病,出现烂尾、白皮、出血、发炎等症状,治愈起来就比较困难;一般有白点病、烂鳃病、松鳞病、白毛病等,虽然市场上各种鱼药很多,但是治疗效果比较单一。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的上述问题,本发明的目的在于设计提供一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液的技术方案,其采用中西药结合的治疗方式对金鱼体表进行消毒,不仅预防效果好,能够祛除金鱼体表的病菌,提高鱼本身抵抗力,且对金鱼白点病、烂鳃病、松鳞病、白毛病都有很好的治疗效果,有效的解决单一抗生素的抗耐药性,同时对预防鱼病的复发或感染可产生积极的作用。
所述的一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于采用以下方法制备:
1)按照重量百分含量称取蛇床子30-40%、苦楝叶60-70%,加3-4倍于总药材重量的水浸泡2-3h,然后在100℃下煎煮30-40min,最后过滤除去药渣,收集滤液,制得中药液,备用;
2)按照重量百分含量称取5-7%几丁质、2-12%没食子酸、2-10%呋喃西林、中药液72-90%,混合溶解均匀即可。
所述的一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于蛇床子30%、苦楝叶70%。
所述的一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于蛇床子40%、苦楝叶60%。
所述的一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于蛇床子35%、苦楝叶65%。
所述的一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于:5%几丁质、12%没食子酸、8%呋喃西林、中药液75%。
所述的一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于:7%几丁质、2%没食子酸、2%呋喃西林、中药液89%。
所述的一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于:6%几丁质、5%没食子酸、5%呋喃西林、中药液84%。
所述的一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于:6%几丁质、8%没食子酸、7%呋喃西林、中药液79%。
几丁质,中文别名壳多糖,广泛存在于甲壳类动物的外壳、昆虫的甲壳和真菌的胞壁中,也存在于一些绿藻中;主要是用来作为支撑身体骨架,以及对身体起保护的作用。几丁质具有强吸湿性,保湿效果亦相当好,并且具有吸附重金属离子的功能。几丁质含有丰富的营养物质,被鱼吸收之后,能够增强鱼本身的抵抗力,可以利用鱼自身的免疫力去战胜体内各种致病因子;而且几丁质具有很好的镇痛止血的效果,对于烂尾、掉磷症状都有很好的恢复作用,也可以有效的预防和治疗观赏鱼的出血、发炎等病症。
没食子酸,亦称五倍酸,学名3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酸,分子式C7H6O5,广泛存在于掌叶大黄、大叶桉、山茱萸等植物中,是自然界存在的一种多酚类化合物在食品、生物、医药、化工等领域有广泛的应用。具有抗菌抗病毒:体外对金黄色葡萄球菌、八叠球菌、α-型键球菌、奈瑟氏球菌、绿脓杆菌、弗氏痢疾杆菌、伤寒杆菌Hd、副伤寒杆菌A等有抑制作用,其抑菌浓度为5mg/ml。体外,在3%的浓度下对17种真菌有抑菌作用,对流感病毒亦有一定抑制作用。
呋喃西林,为柠檬黄色细微结晶性粉末,无臭,味苦,临床仅用作消毒防腐药。呋喃西林能干扰细菌的糖代谢过程和氧化酶系统而发挥抑菌或杀菌作用,主要干扰细菌糖代谢的早期阶段,导致细菌代谢紊乱而死亡。其抗菌谱较广,对多种革兰阳性和阴性菌有抗菌作用,对厌氧菌也有作用,对绿脓杆菌和肺炎双球菌力弱,对假单孢菌属及变形杆菌属有耐药性,对真菌,霉菌无效,但对因霉菌引起的细菌感染仍有相当效力。
蛇床子,为伞形科植物蛇床的干燥成熟果实,具有抗病原微生物作用,蛇床子对絮状表皮癣菌、石膏样小芽胞菌、羊毛状小芽胞菌均有抑制作用;还具有抗真菌作用、抗霉菌作用、虫作用。
苦楝叶,为楝科植物楝和川楝的叶,全年均可采收,苦楝叶的不完全纯化物能抑制病毒对哺乳类动物细胞的感染,其抑制高峰出现在作用后的2小时,且能维持15小时以上,随后下降,但如再次加入苦楝叶提取物,又能出现抑制高峰。与苦楝叶提取物一起培养的细胞的上清液中未测到干扰素,细胞提取物中双链RNA依赖蛋白激酶也未增加。苦楝叶提取物作用后细胞的抗病毒的状态不能通过细胞间的流动物传递也不能通过细胞之间的直接接触传递。苦楝叶提取物的作用依赖于细胞活跃的新陈代谢,而放线菌素D可部分逆转之。
上述一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,以两种中草药为活性成分进行复配,具有显著的协同增效效果,还与几丁质、没食子酸、呋喃西林配伍制备消毒液,采用中西药结合的治疗方式对金鱼体表进行消毒,不仅预防效果好,能够祛除金鱼体表的病菌,提高鱼本身抵抗力,且对金鱼白点病、烂鳃病、松鳞病、白毛病都有很好的治疗效果,有效的解决单一抗生素的抗耐药性,同时对预防鱼病的复发或感染可产生积极的作用。
本申请文件中涉及的百分含量除另有说明外,其它的均为重量百分含量。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,并结合药效试验进一步说明本发明的有益效果。
实施例1
称取蛇床子300g、700g加3倍于总药材重量的水浸泡2h,然后在100℃下煎煮30min,最后过滤除去药渣,收集滤液,制得中药液,备用;称取50g几丁质、120g没食子酸、80g呋喃西林、中药液750g,混合溶解均匀即得最终产品。
实施例2
称取蛇床子400g、600g加4倍于总药材重量的水浸泡3h,然后在100℃下煎煮40min,最后过滤除去药渣,收集滤液,制得中药液,备用;称取70g几丁质、20g没食子酸、20g呋喃西林、中药液890g,混合溶解均匀即得最终产品。
实施例3
称取蛇床子350g、650g加3倍于总药材重量的水浸泡2h,然后在100℃下煎煮30min,最后过滤除去药渣,收集滤液,制得中药液,备用;称取60g几丁质、50g没食子酸、50g呋喃西林、中药液840g,混合溶解均匀即得最终产品。
实施例4
称取蛇床子380g、620g加3倍于总药材重量的水浸泡2.5h,然后在100℃下煎煮35min,最后过滤除去药渣,收集滤液,制得中药液,备用;称取60g几丁质、80g没食子酸、70g呋喃西林、中药液790g,混合溶解均匀即得最终产品。
采用药物浸浴:将本发明所述的药液用清水稀释500-1000倍,将需要预防或者治疗的金鱼浸浴20-30min,每天一次,连续4-5天,以杀灭鱼体表的病原体及增强其抵抗力,浸浴时看住鱼不可离开,如发现鱼有浮头、翻白、浮躁等现象时要停止药浴。
以下结合药效试验进一步说明本发明的有益效果。
试验1:
选择6组患病的金鱼,每组10条,分别采用实施例1-4用清水稀释800倍,将需要预防或者治疗的金鱼浸浴20-30min,每天一次,连续4-5天;对比组分别为蛇床子中药液和几丁质、没食子酸、呋喃西林按照本发明所述方法制成的药液(对比组1)、苦楝叶中药液和几丁质、没食子酸、呋喃西林按照本发明所述方法制成的药液(对比组2),用法用量同本发明。试验结果见表1。
表1 各种消毒液对金鱼体表消毒的治疗效果表
处理 | 患病金鱼数 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率(%) |
实施例1 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 100 |
实施例2 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 100 |
实施例3 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
实施例4 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 100 |
对比组1 | 10 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 50% |
对比组2 | 10 | 0 | 4 | 6 | 40% |
试验结果表明:实施例1-4对金鱼体表消毒有很好的疗效,对比组1总有效率为50%,对比组2总有效率为40%,由此可以看出,采用本发明复配制剂制得的消毒液对金鱼体表的治疗效果十分显著。
试验2
选择4组分别患白点病、烂鳃病、松鳞病、白毛病的金鱼,每组10条,分别采用实施例1用清水稀释800倍,将需要预防或者治疗的金鱼浸浴20-30min,每天一次,连续4-5天,试验结果见表2。
表2 实施例1对金鱼体表消毒的治疗效果表
处理 | 患病金鱼数 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率(%) |
白点病金鱼 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 100 |
烂鳃病金鱼 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 90 |
松鳞病金鱼 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
白毛病金鱼 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 90 |
试验结果表明:实施例1对金鱼白点病、烂鳃病、松鳞病、白毛病有很好的治疗效果,总有效率为90%以上,由此可以看出,采用本发明复配制剂制得的消毒液对金鱼体表的治疗效果十分显著。采用实施例2-3进行同样的试验,也能取得本发明所述的有益效果。
Claims (8)
1. 一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于采用以下方法制备:
1)按照重量百分含量称取蛇床子30-40%、苦楝叶60-70%,加3-4倍于总药材重量的水浸泡2-3h,然后在100℃下煎煮30-40min,最后过滤除去药渣,收集滤液,制得中药液,备用;
2)按照重量百分含量称取5-7%几丁质、2-12%没食子酸、2-10%呋喃西林、中药液72-90%,混合溶解均匀即可。
2. 如权利要求1所述的一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于蛇床子30%、苦楝叶70%。
3. 如权利要求1所述的一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于蛇床子40%、苦楝叶60%。
4. 如权利要求1所述的一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于蛇床子35%、苦楝叶65%。
5. 如权利要求1所述的一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于:5%几丁质、12%没食子酸、8%呋喃西林、中药液75%。
6. 如权利要求1所述的一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于:7%几丁质、2%没食子酸、2%呋喃西林、中药液89%。
7. 如权利要求1所述的一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于:6%几丁质、5%没食子酸、5%呋喃西林、中药液84%。
8. 如权利要求1所述的一种用于金鱼体表消毒的消毒液,其特征在于:6%几丁质、8%没食子酸、7%呋喃西林、中药液79%。
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