CN104255607A - 一种简单快速清除侵入养殖池塘中的罗非鱼的方法 - Google Patents
一种简单快速清除侵入养殖池塘中的罗非鱼的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104255607A CN104255607A CN201410499570.XA CN201410499570A CN104255607A CN 104255607 A CN104255607 A CN 104255607A CN 201410499570 A CN201410499570 A CN 201410499570A CN 104255607 A CN104255607 A CN 104255607A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 241000276707 Tilapia Species 0.000 title abstract 6
- MEBQXILRKZHVCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methidathion Chemical compound COC1=NN(CSP(=S)(OC)OC)C(=O)S1 MEBQXILRKZHVCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000276701 Oreochromis mossambicus Species 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 241000252230 Ctenopharyngodon idella Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000594011 Leuciscus leuciscus Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 231100000225 lethality Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 231100000636 lethal dose Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000675108 Citrus tangerina Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241001441694 Callichthyidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000258937 Hemiptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000642 acaricide Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003387 muscular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013547 stew Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种简单快速清除侵入养殖池塘中的罗非鱼的方法。它是将杀扑磷投入到养殖池塘中,杀死其中的罗非鱼,而不影响其他经济鱼类。本发明的有益效果是:本发明能方便、有效地除去草鱼、鲮鱼、锦鲤养殖过程中入侵的罗非鱼,而不影响草鱼、鲮鱼、锦鲤等的养殖,从而可以减少饲料损耗,避免罗非鱼攻击幼鱼。
Description
技术领域:
本发明属于水产养殖领域,具体涉及一种简单快速清除侵入养殖池塘中的罗非鱼的方法。
背景技术:
罗非鱼,又名非洲鲫鱼、福寿鱼,是一种中小型鱼,原产于非洲,属于丽鱼科罗非鱼属的热带鱼类,它适应能力强,摄食量大,生长快,抗病力强,耐低氧,性成熟早,产卵周期短,繁殖条件要求不高,产卵量大,一旦入侵到养殖池塘内,就会快速繁殖,抢食饲料,攻击甚至捕食养殖池中的幼鱼,造成重大经济损失。在养殖池塘换水过程中很容易从河流里掺入野生的罗非鱼,其个体小、性成熟早,规格不统一,没有经济价值,但却没有简便有效的方法来清除它,靠人工捕捞费时费力,而且收效甚微,因此,迫切需要一种能特异性地杀死罗非鱼而不影响池塘养殖的经济鱼的方法。
杀扑磷,又名速扑杀,其分子式为C6H11N2O4PS3,CAS号是950-37-8,纯品为无色结晶固体,具有触杀、胃毒和渗透作用,是一种广谱杀虫、杀螨剂,原本是用于防治果树介壳虫的特效药物。
当前没有关于杀扑磷在水产中或肉类中的限制残留量标准,我国规定在柑橘中最高残留限量为2mg/kg。
发明内容:
本发明的目的是克服鱼塘养殖过程中罗非鱼入侵的干扰,提供一种能够有效的、针对性的杀死罗非鱼,而不影响养殖的草鱼、鲫鱼、鲮鱼、锦鲤等经济鱼类的简单快速清除侵入养殖池塘中的罗非鱼的方法。
本发明的简单快速清除侵入养殖池塘中的罗非鱼的方法,其特征在于,将杀扑磷投入到养殖池塘中,杀死其中的罗非鱼,而不影响其他经济鱼类。
优选,所述的简单快速清除侵入养殖池塘中的罗非鱼的方法是在傍晚时分,将杀扑磷投入到养殖池塘中,使其浓度为0.04ppm,并且停止增氧和投料,及时将死亡的罗非鱼打捞出去,24h后持续增氧一天,而后恢复常规养殖。
本发明测定了24h杀扑磷对罗非鱼的半致死剂量(LC50)为0.0172mg/L。当在水体中加入0.04ppm的杀扑磷,24h内罗非鱼死亡率为100%,而草鱼、鲫鱼、鲮鱼、锦鲤死亡率为0,并且没有明显的中毒症状,24h后持续增氧一天,继续常规养殖一个月,仍没有中毒或死亡现象。因此,可以根据它们对杀扑磷的敏感性差异较大,利用低浓度的杀扑磷针对性地消灭侵入鱼塘的罗非鱼,同时及时持续增氧以消除杀扑磷对池塘中经济鱼类的影响。具体方法是:在傍晚时分加入浓度为0.04ppm的杀扑磷,用水稀释泼洒,并且停止增氧,停止投料,24h内可看到罗非鱼出现浮头、不安、侧翻、平衡差、死亡等现象,及时将死亡的罗非鱼打捞出即可,24h后持续增氧一天,即可恢复常规养殖。使用浓度不能过高,超过0.2ppm时,养殖的经济鱼也会中毒,甚至死亡。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明能方便、有效地除去草鱼、鲮鱼、锦鲤养殖过程中入侵的罗非鱼,而不影响草鱼、鲮鱼、锦鲤等的养殖,从而可以减少饲料损耗,避免罗非鱼攻击幼鱼。
具体实施方式:
以下实施例是对本发明的进一步说明,而不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1:
24h内杀扑磷对罗非鱼的半致死剂量(LC50)的测定。
半致死剂量测定参照GB/T 13267-91和SC/T 1087.1-2006的方法。从鱼场购买同一批次同龄的健康的罗非鱼,平均体长6.03cm,全长7.47cm,平均体重7.00g,在鱼缸中暂养一周,没有出现死亡。配置一系列浓度的杀扑磷溶液,放入罗非鱼,测定24h内罗非鱼的死亡率,采用直线内插法估算LC50,如表1所示,结果表明,24h内杀扑磷对罗非鱼的LC50为0.0172ppm。
表1 杀扑磷对罗非鱼的半致死剂量的测定。
实施例2:在草鱼和鲫鱼的鱼缸中,用0.04ppm的杀扑磷清除罗非鱼。
本次实验使用的罗非鱼,平均体长6.22cm,平均全长7.57cm,平均体重7.35g,草鱼平均体长8.75cm,平均全长10.7cm,平均体重12.08g,实验前,所有实验鱼均在鱼缸中暂养一周,以适应环境。在傍晚时分,在93L水体中加入40%杀扑磷乳油(浙江禾本科技有限公司生产)9.3μl并混匀(即杀扑磷的终浓度为0.04ppm),停止增氧,停止投料,24h内罗非鱼死亡率达100%,而草鱼和鲫鱼的死亡率为0,且没有明显中毒症状。及时将死亡的罗非鱼打捞出,24h后持续增氧一天,将草鱼和鲫鱼继续常规养殖一个月,仍没有中毒或死亡现象。施药96h后,草鱼肌肉组织中杀扑磷残留为0.035mg/kg,鲫鱼肌肉组织中杀扑磷残留为0.055mg/kg。当前没有关于杀扑磷在水产中或肉类中的限制残留量标准,我国规定在柑橘中最高残留限量为2mg/kg,本实施例中的残留量均低于杀扑磷在柑橘中的最高残留限量。
Claims (2)
1.一种简单快速清除侵入养殖池塘中的罗非鱼的方法,其特征在于,将杀扑磷投入到养殖池塘中,杀死其中的罗非鱼,而不影响其他经济鱼类。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的简单快速清除侵入养殖池塘中的罗非鱼的方法是在傍晚时分,将杀扑磷投入到养殖池塘中,使其浓度为0.04ppm,并且停止增氧和投料,及时将死亡的罗非鱼打捞出去,24h后需持续增氧一天,而后恢复常规养殖。
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Citations (5)
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CN1318290A (zh) * | 2000-04-20 | 2001-10-24 | 李世臣 | 水稻田利用鱼苗除草杀虫新技术 |
US20050268421A1 (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2005-12-08 | Mr. Yuen-Kong Ho | Coralline And Tough Algae Remover For Fish, Corals And Invertebrates Aquariums |
CN101120659A (zh) * | 2006-08-11 | 2008-02-13 | 助川化学株式会社 | 鱼的盾纤虫症的治疗方法以及预防方法 |
JP2011153103A (ja) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-08-11 | Univ Of Tokyo | 海産魚白点病予防治療剤 |
US20120071531A1 (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2012-03-22 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Use of Fungicides for the Treatment of Fish Mycoses |
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CN1318290A (zh) * | 2000-04-20 | 2001-10-24 | 李世臣 | 水稻田利用鱼苗除草杀虫新技术 |
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US20120071531A1 (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2012-03-22 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Use of Fungicides for the Treatment of Fish Mycoses |
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