CN104255304A - Grafting method for improving wind resistance of cotton tree grafted seedling - Google Patents
Grafting method for improving wind resistance of cotton tree grafted seedling Download PDFInfo
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- CN104255304A CN104255304A CN201410401528.XA CN201410401528A CN104255304A CN 104255304 A CN104255304 A CN 104255304A CN 201410401528 A CN201410401528 A CN 201410401528A CN 104255304 A CN104255304 A CN 104255304A
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- grafting
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- scion
- kapok
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Abstract
The invention discloses a grafting method for improving the wind resistance of a cotton tree grafted seedling. The grafting method comprises the following steps: selecting a robust cotton tree seedling which is free from diseases and insect pests for serving as a stock; selecting a robust upright cotton tree branch bud which is equivalent to the diameter at breast height of the stock for serving as a scion; cutting the stock into a concave shape, cutting the scion into a convex shape, and tightly embedding the scion and the cambium and phloem of the stock by using a concave-convex embedding grafting method without leaving any gap or exposing any white part; and wrapping and fixing an interface with a plastic film. According to the grafting method disclose by the invention, a mortise and tenon structural principle is applied, so that the contact area between the scion and the phloem of the stock is increased greatly, and the stability is enhanced; the interface between the scion and the stock is combined tightly and smoothly, so that a good interface healing effect is achieved, the formation of burls is prevented, and a good landscape effect is achieved; and compared with a current cotton tree grafting technology, the method has the advantages that the wind resistance of nursery stocks is effectively improved, 7-level wind power can be resisted, and the wind resistance of the grafted seedlings is remarkably superior to that of seedlings grafted by using grafting methods such as a slope cut-grafting method and a cleft grafting method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, relate to a kind of grafting method improving kapok grafting wind loading rating.
Background technology
Kapok (Bombax ceiba) has rich and varied genetic resources in China; as various in proterties such as the size of the color of petal, Hua Jing, the density of blossoming; wherein there is the kind that some fancy pointss are splendid; as " kapok of chrysanthemum ", " kapok of great Hua ", " kapok spent more " etc.; but excellent germ plasm resource is always very rare; some kind has reached the stage in imminent danger, reserved resource, and expanding numerous quantity is the researcher task of top priority.
The planting seed breeding of kapok, easily causes characters of progenies to be separated, and be unfavorable for preserving maternal genetic character, and the cycle of becoming a useful person is long, generally needs within 4 ~ 6 years, just can yield positive results; Kapok cottage propagation, the time is long, and without main root, and root system is shallow, and after becoming a useful person, wind resistance is poor, easily lodges; Though propagation by grafiting kapok effectively can preserve maternal genetic character, and shortening growth cycle, make to become a useful person soon, after grafting survival, next year just can bloom, but existing grafting method also exists many shortcomings equally, 1) the easy displacement of scion, come off, the contact area of phloem is little, causes graft survival rate low; 2) the interface healing effect of scion and stock is poor, and the easy dross of interface, causes landscape effect poor, and easily rotten, grows damage by disease and insect, makes the nursery stock wind loading rating after grafting survival poor, there is great potential safety hazard, be difficult to use in city trees and shrubs.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of grafting method improving kapok grafting wind loading rating.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Improve a grafting method for kapok grafting wind loading rating, comprise the following steps:
1) choose stalwartness, anosis insect pest kapok seedling makes stock;
2) choose and do scion with the upright kapok twig of the sizable stalwartness of the stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground;
3) stock is cut into " recessed " shape, scion is cut into " convex " shape, adopts that concavo-convex interlocking grafting makes the formation layer of scion and stock, phloem is closely rabbeted, do not interspace, do not stay and show money or valuables one carries unintentionally;
4) interface is fixing with plastic film wrapping.
Further, the Best Times of above-mentioned grafting is first May next year in Winter Solstice.
Further, above-mentioned stock is the kapok seedling of life in 1 ~ 2 year, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 2 ~ 3cm, high 1.5 ~ 2m.
Further, above-mentioned scion is that the upright branch full with the sizable stalwartness of the stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, sprout of clip life in 2 years does scion from the kapok elite stand bloomed, the long 6 ~ 8cm of scion.
Further, the concrete operations of above-mentioned concavo-convex embedding grafting are: overhead cut anvil in 1.3m place at stock, and the tangent plane of stock is cut into " recessed " shape, texturearunaperpendicular in tangent plane, between two parties, the dark 3 ~ 4cm of recess, wide 0.5 ~ 0.8cm; The tangent plane of scion is cut into " convex " shape, and projection is placed in the middle, length and width and stock recess in the same size; During grafting, the formation layer of scion convex surface and stock concave surface, phloem is closely chimeric, do not interspace, do not stay and show money or valuables one carries unintentionally; Interface is fixing with plastic film wrapping.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) apply joinery and its construction principle, considerably increase the contact area of scion and stock phloem, test proves, effectively improves graft survival rate; According to joinery and its construction principle, scion and stock interface is closely smooth combines, add that scion is consistent with the thickness of stock, make interface healing effect good, not easily play knurl, landscape effect is good; Use joinery and its construction principle, enhance the physical stability of scion and stock, compare with existing kapok graft technology, effectively improve the wind loading rating of nursery stock, the wind-force of 7 grades can be resisted, be obviously better than the wind loading rating of the grafting method gained graftings such as inclined-plane cut-grafting method, cleft graft.
2) grafting method grafting kapok of the present invention not only can retain the genetic character of high-quality provenance female parent well, and increase the contact area of scion and stock phloem, improve graft survival rate, speed of becoming a useful person (plant enters the speed degree of manhood in process of growth from Seedling Stage) is fast, and next year just can yield positive results; The smooth not easily dross of interface healing, not only ensure that landscape effect, also improves seedling quality; In addition, ingenious utilization joinery and its construction principle makes interface more firm, reduces the inclined hat rate of kapok grafting, also improves wind loading rating.
3) the kapok survival rate of this method grafting is high, interface healing is smooth, wind resistance strong, hat rate is low partially, proterties is stablized, speed of becoming a useful person is fast, and method is easy-to-understand, convenient and reliable operation, is conducive to protection and the large-scale production of kapok fine germplasm resources.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the scion prepared, and chooses the sizable healthy and strong branch with the stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and does scion, and be whittled into " convex " shape;
Fig. 2 be prepare stock, the interface of stock is whittled into " recessed " shape, its depth and size consistent with scion projection;
Fig. 3 is scion and stock closely chimeric figure;
Fig. 4 figure that to be scion closely chimeric with the formation layer of stock, phloem;
Fig. 5 is the design sketch of grafting survival after 20 days;
The situation of interface when Fig. 6 is inclined-plane cut-grafting method, cleft graft, concavo-convex notch grafting grafting.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but be not limited thereto.
embodiment 1: a kind of grafting method improving kapok grafting wind loading rating
1) selection of stock: in first May next year in Winter Solstice, choose life in 1 ~ 2 year, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 2 ~ 3cm, stalwartness, the anosis insect pest kapok seedling of high 1.5 ~ 2m do stock;
2) selection of scion: the upright branch full with the sizable stalwartness of the stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, sprout of clip life in 2 years does scion from the kapok elite stand bloomed, the long 6 ~ 8cm of scion;
3) adopt concavo-convex notch grafting to carry out grafting, concrete operations are: overhead cut anvil in 1.2 ~ 1.4m place at stock, and the tangent plane of stock is cut into " recessed " shape, and groove is placed in the middle, and recess is vertical with tangent plane, dark 3 ~ 4cm, and wide 0.5 ~ 0.8cm(as shown in Figure 2); The tangent plane of scion is cut into " convex " shape, projection vertical center, length and width and stock recess (as shown in Figure 1) in the same size; Together with the scion cut is rabbeted with stock (as shown in Figure 3).
4) make the formation layer of scion and stock (male and fomale(M&F)), phloem closely chimeric, do not interspace, do not stay show money or valuables one carries unintentionally (as shown in Figure 4); Interface is fixing with plastic film wrapping.
The grafting obtained above-described embodiment below carries out the detection of wind resistance power.
wind resistance power detects
To the concavo-convex notch grafting of embodiment 1() grafting of about 120 days carries out wind resistance Force meansurement after grafting, and carry out wind resistance force rate comparatively with the grafting of 120 days after inclined-plane cut-grafting method, cleft graft grafting, when inclined-plane cut-grafting method, cleft graft, concavo-convex notch grafting grafting, the situation of interface as shown in Figure 6.All transferring is selected with a collection of stock and scion by seedling, simultaneously to contrast (CK) without grafting carpentery workshop.The wind speed of blower fan is regulated to carry out different wind-force process to each group of nursery stock by table 1.
The wind speed list that the different wind scale of table 1 is corresponding
Testing result is as shown in table 2; The grafting that concavo-convex grafting (i.e. the inventive method) grafting kapok obtains can resist the wind-force of 6 ~ 7 grades, its wind loading rating is even close to the plant without grafting, relative to the kapok grafting that inclined-plane cut-grafting method, cleft graft obtain, its wind resistance is significantly improved.
Table 2 different grafting methods is to the wind resistance test result of kapok grafting
Note: " Ο " expression is passed through; "×" represents failure; "-" represents blank.
To sum up, not only survival rate is high for the kapok of this method grafting, on average can reach 86.7%, survive rear port healing smooth (grafting as shown in Figure 5 surviving effect after 20 days), stability is strong, hat rate is low partially, proterties is stablized, speed of becoming a useful person is fast, within after grafting about 2 weeks, the situation of surviving can be checked, after grafting survival, next year just can bloom, and improves the wind loading rating of kapok grafting, for it provides theoretical foundation in afforestation application; Method of operating is easy-to-understand, convenient and reliable operation also, is conducive to protection and the large-scale production of kapok fine germplasm resources.
Claims (5)
1. improve a grafting method for kapok grafting wind loading rating, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) choose stalwartness, anosis insect pest kapok seedling makes stock;
2) choose and do scion with the upright kapok twig of the sizable stalwartness of the stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground;
3) stock is cut into " recessed " shape, scion is cut into " convex " shape, adopts that concavo-convex interlocking grafting makes the formation layer of scion and stock, phloem is closely rabbeted, do not interspace, do not stay and show money or valuables one carries unintentionally;
4) interface is fixing with plastic film wrapping.
2. a kind of grafting method improving kapok grafting wind loading rating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the Best Times of grafting is first May next year in Winter Solstice.
3. a kind of grafting method improving kapok grafting wind loading rating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described stock is the kapok seedling of life in 1 ~ 2 year, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 2 ~ 3cm, high 1.5 ~ 2m.
4. a kind of grafting method improving kapok grafting wind loading rating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described scion is that the upright branch full with the sizable stalwartness of the stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, sprout of clip life in 2 years does scion from the kapok elite stand bloomed, the long 6 ~ 8cm of scion.
5. a kind of grafting method improving kapok grafting wind loading rating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete operations of described concavo-convex embedding grafting are: overhead cut anvil in 1.3m place at stock, and the tangent plane of stock is cut into " recessed " shape, texturearunaperpendicular is in tangent plane, between two parties, dark 3 ~ the 4cm of recess, wide 0.5 ~ 0.8cm; The tangent plane of scion is cut into " convex " shape, and projection is placed in the middle, length and width and stock recess in the same size; During grafting, the formation layer of scion convex surface and stock concave surface, phloem is closely chimeric, do not interspace, do not stay and show money or valuables one carries unintentionally; Interface is fixing with plastic film wrapping.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410401528.XA CN104255304B (en) | 2014-08-14 | 2014-08-14 | A kind of engrafting method improving kapok grafting wind loading rating |
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| CN201410401528.XA CN104255304B (en) | 2014-08-14 | 2014-08-14 | A kind of engrafting method improving kapok grafting wind loading rating |
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| CN104255304A true CN104255304A (en) | 2015-01-07 |
| CN104255304B CN104255304B (en) | 2016-10-26 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105123287A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-09 | 江西紫园苗木有限公司 | Novel seedling grafting cultivation method |
| CN107258337A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-10-20 | 合肥仙之峰农业科技有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of apple tree |
| CN110122146A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-16 | 赵孝国 | A kind of Chinese catalpa short interlocking, hole plate seedling growth method |
| CN111602528A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-01 | 栖霞德丰食品有限公司 | Grafting method suitable for plum blossom |
| CN114830926A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-02 | 铜仁市满堂红农业科技有限公司 | Lagerstroemia plant trunk segment tenon-and-mortise grafting modeling cultivation method in lythraceae |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105123287A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-09 | 江西紫园苗木有限公司 | Novel seedling grafting cultivation method |
| CN107258337A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-10-20 | 合肥仙之峰农业科技有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of apple tree |
| CN110122146A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-16 | 赵孝国 | A kind of Chinese catalpa short interlocking, hole plate seedling growth method |
| CN111602528A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-01 | 栖霞德丰食品有限公司 | Grafting method suitable for plum blossom |
| CN114830926A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-02 | 铜仁市满堂红农业科技有限公司 | Lagerstroemia plant trunk segment tenon-and-mortise grafting modeling cultivation method in lythraceae |
| CN114830926B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-08-15 | 铜仁市满堂红农业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating stem section mortise and tenon grafting modeling of crape plant of Lythraceae |
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| CN104255304B (en) | 2016-10-26 |
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