CN104247688B - 一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法,属于渔业技术领域。其特征在于包括以下步骤:1)暂养池的预处理;2)从北方海区捕捞的体长1-2厘米天然鲈苗,经过淡化至盐度4-7‰后投入上述暂养池内,暂养池放养密度控制在每亩1-1.5万尾,经常对池塘冲水增氧;3)下池第2天开始投喂浮游动物,第3天开始结合鱼苗饲料进行喂养;4)鱼苗饲料每天投喂一次,按照每10-20公斤鱼投放1-2g鱼苗饲料喂养,经过20-30天饲养,鱼长至4-6厘米即可进入大池分疏饲养。上述一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法,通过对暂养池预处理改善水质,快速修复养殖水体生态环境,有效防止苗种病害和突发性死亡;且采用具有鱼病防治和治疗效果的鱼饲料进行喂养,进一步提高鲈鱼苗种的存活率、产量和质量。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于渔业技术领域,具体为一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法。
背景技术
鲈鱼喜栖息于河口咸淡水,也能生活于淡水,主要分布于太平洋西部、我国沿海及通海的淡水水体中均产,东海、渤海较多,性凶猛,以鱼、鱼为食,为常见的经济鱼类之一,也是发展海水养殖的品种。鲈鱼含蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物等营养成分,还含有维生素B2、烟酸和微量的维生素B1、磷、铁等物质,具有很高的食用和药用价值。鲈鱼人工养殖方法很多,特别是苗种的养殖很容易受到鱼病的威胁,影响其成活率和产量。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的上述问题,本发明的目的在于设计提供一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法的技术方案,通过对暂养池预处理改善水质,快速修复养殖水体生态环境,有效防止苗种病害和突发性死亡;且采用具有鱼病防治和治疗效果的鱼饲料进行喂养,进一步提高鲈鱼苗种的存活率、产量和质量。
所述的一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
1)暂养池的预处理:选择盐度0.8-1.2‰的淡水池作为暂养池,将带树叶的鲜柳树枝条扎成捆放入暂养池底部,按照每亩暂养池放40-50kg鲜柳树枝条的比例放置;然后在暂养池中投入水质改良剂,所述水质改良剂由纤维素酶4-9份、蛋白酶5-10份、枯草芽孢杆菌20-30份、粪球菌10-20份、维生素C5-10份、鲜柳树叶粉15-20份混匀制成,每隔5天投放一次,每10-20公斤鱼投放2-5g水质改良剂;
2)从北方海区捕捞的体长1-2厘米天然鲈苗,经过淡化至盐度4-7‰后投入上述暂养池内,暂养池放养密度控制在每亩1-1.5万尾,经常对暂养池冲水增氧;
3)下池第2天开始投喂浮游动物,第3天开始结合鱼苗饲料进行喂养,所述的鱼苗饲料由鱼粉20-30份、米糠15-25份、植物油10-20份、蚕蛹粉5-8份、维生素B1-2份、松针粉10-15份、烟叶粉5-15份、食盐0.5-0.8份混合制成;
4)鱼苗饲料每天投喂一次,按照每10-20公斤鱼投放1-2g鱼苗饲料喂养,经过20-30天饲养,鲈鱼苗长至4-6厘米即可进入大池分疏饲养。
所述的一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法,其特征在于步骤1)中:水质改良剂由纤维素酶5-8份、蛋白酶6-7份、枯草芽孢杆菌22-25份、粪球菌13-16份、维生素C6-8份、鲜柳树叶粉16-18份重量份数的上述物质制成。
所述的一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法,其特征在于步骤1)中:每10-20公斤鱼投放3-4g水质改良剂。
所述的一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法,其特征在于步骤3)中:鱼苗饲料由鱼粉24-26份、米糠16-17份、植物油14-17份、蚕蛹粉6-7份、维生素B1.5份、松针粉12-13份、烟叶粉8-10份、食盐0.6-0.7份重量份数的上述物质制成。
所述的一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法,其特征在于步骤4)中:鱼苗饲料按照每10-20公斤鱼投放1.5g比例喂养。
松针粉,由于尾松针叶干燥、粉碎制成,是一种低能量、高蛋白饲料,富含动物生长发育所必需的氨基酸、维生素和多种微量元素;且能祛风燥湿,杀虫止痒,提高鱼类的抗病力,防治皮肤溃烂病和肠炎病。烟叶粉,由烟叶干燥、粉碎制成,具有消肿解毒、杀虫功效,可治鲈鱼皮肤溃烂病、水霉病。维生素B,对鲈鱼眼球白烛症有很好的治疗效果。蚕蛹粉,含有高蛋白,腥味浓,如果单独使用,因其气味过于浓烈,鱼儿往往不愿问津,但是同其它饵料按比例掺合起来,效果就很好。松针粉、烟叶粉、维生素B与其它饵料按比例掺合起来,具有协同增效效果,比单独使用的效果好很多。
上述一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法,通过对暂养池预处理改善水质,快速修复养殖水体生态环境,有效防止苗种病害和突发性死亡;且采用具有鱼病防治和治疗效果的鱼饲料进行喂养,进一步提高鲈鱼苗种的存活率、产量和质量。
本申请文件中涉及的百分含量除另有说明外,其它的均为重量百分含量。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,并结合药效试验进一步说明本发明的有益效果。
实施例1
1)暂养池的预处理:选择盐度0.8-1.2‰的淡水池作为暂养池,将带树叶的鲜柳树枝条扎成捆放入暂养池底部,按照每亩暂养池放40-50kg鲜柳树枝条的比例放置;然后在暂养池中投入水质改良剂,所述水质改良剂由纤维素酶5份、蛋白酶8份、枯草芽孢杆菌25份、粪球菌15份、维生素C7份、鲜柳树叶粉18份混匀制成,每隔5天投放一次,每10-20公斤鱼投放2-5g水质改良剂;
2)从北方海区捕捞的体长1-2厘米天然鲈苗,经过淡化至盐度4-7‰后投入上述暂养池内,暂养池放养密度控制在每亩1-1.5万尾,经常对暂养池冲水增氧;
3)下池第2天开始投喂浮游动物,第3天开始结合鱼苗饲料进行喂养,所述的鱼苗饲料由鱼粉25份、米糠20份、植物油15份、蚕蛹粉7份、维生素B1.5份、松针粉12份、烟叶粉10份、食盐0.6份混合制成;
4)鱼苗饲料每天投喂一次,按照每10-20公斤鱼投放1-2g鱼苗饲料喂养,经过20-30天饲养,鲈鱼苗长至4-6厘米即可进入大池分疏饲养。
上述实施例1的步骤1)中纤维素酶4份、蛋白酶5份、枯草芽孢杆菌20份、粪球菌10份、维生素C5份、鲜柳树叶粉15份;或纤维素酶9份、蛋白酶10份、枯草芽孢杆菌30份、粪球菌20份、维生素C10份、鲜柳树叶粉20份;或纤维素酶6份、蛋白酶9份、枯草芽孢杆菌27份、粪球菌18份、维生素C6份、鲜柳树叶粉17份;步骤3)中鱼苗饲料由鱼粉20份、米糠15份、植物油10份、蚕蛹粉5份、维生素B1份、松针粉10份、烟叶粉5份、食盐0.5份混合制成;或鱼苗饲料由鱼粉30份、米糠25份、植物油20份、蚕蛹粉8份、维生素B2份、松针粉15份、烟叶粉15份、食盐0.8份混合制成;其它同实施例1,也能达到本发明所述的有益效果。
以下结合对比试验进一步说明本发明的有益效果。
试验1:按照本发明实施例1所述方法改良鲈鱼苗种暂养池,对照组为没有经过水质改良处理的鲈鱼苗种暂养池;经过20-30天的饲养后,试验结果见表1。
试验结果表明:经过本发明实施例1所述的处理方法处理后,水质透明度达到了40-50cm,氨氮含量为0.013mg/L,硫化氢含量为0.01mg/L,氨氮含量、硫化氢含量均低于渔业水质标准含量;本发明对养殖水体的水质改水效果显著,水质条件大大改善鲈鱼苗种吃食情况,减少了鱼病的发生,提高了鲈鱼苗种产量,提高了经济效益。
试验2:
分别选择2组5kg鲈鱼苗种,采用实施例1和普通方法进行暂养池养殖,喂养方法相同,经过25天的饲养,效果见表2。
试验结果表明:采用本发明实施例1养殖的鲈鱼苗种,增重效果好,成活率为95%,鱼病发病率仅仅为2%,鲈鱼苗种饲养效果明显高于对比组,本发明饲料营养效果好,能够有效预防鲈鱼苗种鱼病的发生,存活率、养殖后期的增重率好,提高了经济效益。
Claims (5)
1.一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
1)暂养池的预处理:选择盐度0.8-1.2‰的淡水池作为暂养池,将带树叶的鲜柳树枝条扎成捆放入暂养池底部,按照每亩暂养池放40-50kg鲜柳树枝条的比例放置;然后在暂养池中投入水质改良剂,所述水质改良剂由纤维素酶4-9份、蛋白酶5-10份、枯草芽孢杆菌20-30份、粪球菌10-20份、维生素C5-10份、鲜柳树叶粉15-20份混匀制成,每隔5天投放一次,每10-20公斤鱼投放2-5g水质改良剂;
2)从北方海区捕捞的体长1-2厘米天然鲈苗,经过淡化至盐度4-7‰后投入上述暂养池内,暂养池放养密度控制在每亩1-1.5万尾,经常对暂养池冲水增氧;
3)下池第2天开始投喂浮游动物,第3天开始结合鱼苗饲料进行喂养,所述的鱼苗饲料由鱼粉20-30份、米糠15-25份、植物油10-20份、蚕蛹粉5-8份、维生素B1-2份、松针粉10-15份、烟叶粉5-15份、食盐0.5-0.8份混合制成;
4)鱼苗饲料每天投喂一次,按照每10-20公斤鱼投放1-2g鱼苗饲料喂养,经过20-30天饲养,鲈鱼苗长至4-6厘米即可进入大池分疏饲养。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法,其特征在于步骤1)中:水质改良剂由纤维素酶5-8份、蛋白酶6-7份、枯草芽孢杆菌22-25份、粪球菌13-16份、维生素C6-8份、鲜柳树叶粉16-18份重量份数的上述物质制成。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法,其特征在于步骤1)中:每10-20公斤鱼投放3-4g水质改良剂。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法,其特征在于步骤3)中:鱼苗饲料由鱼粉24-26份、米糠16-17份、植物油14-17份、蚕蛹粉6-7份、维生素B1.5份、松针粉12-13份、烟叶粉8-10份、食盐0.6-0.7份重量份数的上述物质制成。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种鲈鱼苗种暂养池的养殖方法,其特征在于步骤4)中:鱼苗饲料按照每10-20公斤鱼投放1.5g比例喂养。
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