CN104245085A - 过滤元件、过滤装置及方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
用于过滤液体,特别是尿素溶液用的过滤元件(3),带有有开孔(22)的端圆盘(4),和过滤介质(24),其封闭开孔(22)并允许液体在该过滤元件(3)的净化侧(28)和原液侧(27)之间流过。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于过滤液体,尤其是过滤尿素溶液用的过滤元件。另外,本发明还涉及一种过滤装置。此外,本发明还涉及制造过滤元件的方法。
背景技术
尿素溶液,例如,在汽车减少氧化氮排放的废气处理中得到应用。这时,尿素溶液用喷嘴喷入废气管路。尤其为了防止喷嘴阻塞,尿素溶液必须过滤。
例如,WO 2010/139706 A1描述了过滤尿素溶液用的过滤元件。因为这样的尿素溶液在约-11℃下结冰,已知的过滤元件设置一种由可弹性变形的材料制成的补偿元件。该补偿元件吸收在尿素溶液结冰时不断增大的液体体积。
本发明的任务在于,提供一种改善的过滤元件,一种改善的过滤装置和一种改善的制造过滤元件用的方法。
发明内容
为了完成这个任务,提出一种过滤液体,尤其是过滤尿素溶液用的、包括端圆盘和过滤介质的过滤元件。该端圆盘有开孔。该过滤介质封闭该开孔,并允许液体在过滤元件的净化侧和原液侧之间流过。
通过使该液体可以从净化侧流向原液侧和必要时还可以从原液侧流向净化侧,在该净化侧和该原液侧之间实现压力平衡。这时,当该液体结冰而因此经历体积增大时,便可能需要这样的压力平衡。借助于该压力平衡避免过滤元件内的应力,例如,以此可以达到延长该过滤元件寿命的目的。
该过滤介质优选实施成平的,并且平面地覆盖在该端圆盘中的开孔上。
通过在该端圆盘上设置开孔,相对于安排在开孔邻近处,尤其在过滤元件的净化侧的尚未冻结的剩余液体可以发生压力平衡。由于液体一般都是从外向内进行冻结,因此尚未冻结的剩余液体一般处在过滤元件的净化侧上的端圆盘邻近的区域中的事实,本解决方案抓住适当的位置,其方式为其在端圆盘中的开孔或过滤介质上建立压力平衡。
相对于WO 2010/139706 A1当前的解决方案尤其有在净化侧不需要补偿元件的优点,尽管也不排除这种可能性。也就是说这样的补偿元件可能不利地导致在净化侧上造成污染。例如,这可以通过以下方式出现,在过滤元件运行时颗粒可能从补偿元件脱出,并且此后例如可能造成本文开始时所述的阀门损伤。
该液体一般是一种流体,尤其是尿素水溶液。
例如,该过滤介质设计成合成介质。这样的合成介质有利地不由正在形成的冰晶体破坏。该合成介质尤其可以设计成纤维网、纤维束或织物。此外,该合成介质还可以具有聚丙烯或聚酰胺。显而易见,该过滤介质是液体可渗透的,尤其流体可渗透的。该过滤介质同时把液体中的污染物滤除,以及让液体从原液侧流向净化侧。
按照一个实施方式,在原液侧这样地设置补偿元件,使得液体冻结时留下的剩余液体在过滤介质和补偿元件之间的间隙流动。这个间隙可以从外壳设置在补偿元件或该端圆盘上,或者只有当剩余液体通过过滤介质流到原液侧时,通过补偿元件回缩给出间隙。该补偿元件优选具有弹性体。此外,补偿元件可以设计成具有封闭小孔的和/或泡沫状。这些小孔可以被空气填充。该补偿元件优选具有乙丙三元橡胶(亦称“EPDM”)。该补偿元件相对于过滤介质可以具有0和10mm之间,优选0和5mm之间,更优选0和2mm之间的距离。
按照另一个实施方式,该补偿元件设计成为隔离体。以此可以这样地控制尚未冻结的剩余液体在过滤元件中的空间布置,使其集中在净化侧与该过滤介质邻近的区域内。然而,视补偿元件和端圆盘之间的间隙大小而定,流体的剩余液体还可以集中在原液侧上述的间隙内。例如,可以通过使其具有EPDM而提供该补偿元件的希望的隔离特性。然而还可以考虑具有封闭小孔的,其小孔尤其含有空气的材料。
按照另一个实施方式,净化侧上该端圆盘中的开孔内侧地通到过滤元件的支撑体。例如,该支撑体设计成为带有径向缺口的中间管。该支撑体可以与过滤介质连接。该过滤介质尤其可以在其周围用塑料喷涂,其中同时形成支撑体。
按照另一个实施方式,该支撑体在外侧用其他过滤介质包围。另一种过滤介质尤其指的是过滤箱。过滤箱可以具有环形剖面,在其内部接纳支撑体。该另一过滤介质优选形成主过滤介质,就是说,这完成基本的过滤工作,而该开孔中的过滤介质只负责用于所述压力平衡。该过滤介质和该另一过滤介质可以具有相同的分离度。该分离度可以按照“多道ISO 19438”确定,其中尤其确定多少百分数的哪个颗粒尺寸被过滤介质或该另一个过滤介质滞留。
按照另一个实施方式,该端圆盘相对于该开孔径向外面与该另一个过滤介质密封连接。以此在过滤介质的净化侧形成被该另一个过滤介质包围并与该开孔连接的内部空间。
按照另一个实施方式,在该端圆盘的开孔中设置防止该过滤介质受到机械损坏的装置。例如,该装置可以采取格栅或者十字形式构造。该装置优选建立来预防受到手工损坏。
此外还提出一种带有按照本发明的过滤元件的过滤装置。
该过滤装置可以具有其中接纳该过滤元件的外壳。此外,该过滤装置可以包括接头,通过接头可以向过滤元件加入待过滤的液体,和可以由此引出已过滤的液体。
此外还提出制造过滤元件用的方法。该方法规定,用过滤介质封闭端圆盘中的开孔。
按照一个实施方式,该过滤介质在其边缘区域与开孔的边缘区域焊接。该焊接可以,例如,用红外焊接或用反射镜焊接进行。
本发明可能的其他实现还包括没有明确指出的前面的或者在下文中关于实施例所描述的过滤元件、过滤装置或者方法的特征或实施方式的结合。这时,专业人员还可以作为本发明各基本形态的改善或者补充,对各个方面进行补充或者修改。
本发明的其他扩展方案是从属权利要求以及在下文中描述的本发明的实施例的主题。此外现将参照附图根据实施例对本发明作较详细的说明。
附图说明
附图中:
图1:按照实施方式的过滤装置的剖面图;
图2:图1的详田视图;
图3:从下面看图1的过滤元件;以及
图4:用于制造按照实施方式的过滤元件用的多个方法步骤。
附图中,只要没有相反的说明,相同的引用符号标示相同的或者功能相同的要素,
具体实施方式
图1表示按照一个实施方式的过滤装置1的剖面图。例如,过滤装置1可以设置在汽车中。对此过滤装置1可以建立来净化液体,尤其是尿素溶液。
过滤装置1包括外壳2,其中布置过滤元件3。过滤元件3包括第一端圆盘4和第二端圆盘5。在两个端圆盘4,5之间布置采取箱6形式的过滤介质。该箱6在剖面(垂直于纸平面)上具有环形剖面,并且在其对面的端头上液体密封地焊有端圆盘4,5。在被箱6封闭的内部空间7中布置采取中间管11形式的支撑体。中间管11有通向箱6的径向缺口12。“径向”是相对过滤元件3中轴13而言的。
轴向托架14从端圆盘5延伸进外壳2的接入孔15,并在外侧,例如,借助于O形环对此密封。过滤元件3在接入孔15可拆卸地固定,和必要时可以更换。托架14有与中间管11内部流体导通地连接的开孔16。中间管11内部用17表示。
图2表示图1的详细视图。图3表示从下面看的图1的过滤元件3,其中未示出下面还将更详细地描述的补偿元件21。
端圆盘4有开孔22,可以在图3中看到。在开孔22中布置十字23,其保护处于十字23后面的过滤介质24使之免受人为损坏。该十字23与端圆盘4可以形成单件。如图2所示,开孔22被过滤介质24封闭。按照该实施例,过滤介质24设计成为有液体渗透性的聚胺纤维网或聚丙烯纤维网。过滤介质24与中间管11,例如,通过在周围喷涂过滤介质24连接。另外,过滤介质24在其边缘区域25环绕地与端圆盘4的限定开孔22的边缘区域26焊接。
过滤介质24以及箱6把过滤装置1分成原液侧27和净化侧28。处于原液侧27上的待净化的液体,在过滤装置1运行时基本上只流过箱6(而不流过过滤介质24),并在这时净化。该液体这样到达净化侧28并从那里,例如,引入汽车的废气管线。
若现在,例如,在冬天过滤装置1暴露于非常寒冷的条件下,则它可能遇到液体冰冻的情况。冰冻在图1中用多个箭头指示的方向从外向内发生。通过把补偿元件21设计成为隔离体,最终冻结在图1中用29表示的剩余液体。通过使剩余液体29可以通过过滤介质24和开孔22流入端圆盘4和补偿元件21之间的间隙32,避免随着剩余液体29结冰而发生并且可能损坏过滤元件3的压力上升,如图2相应箭头所示。在初始状态下,就是说,在剩余液体29冻结之前,该补偿元件21,例如,可以直接贴在端圆盘4上,如图1所示。若现在剩余液体29从开孔22流出,则补偿元件21被压缩,其中给出间隙32。在另一个实施方式中,还可以在初始状态下,该补偿元件21已经相对于端圆盘4具有间隙32。然而过滤介质24和补偿元件21之间的距离33优选应该小于10mm。否则补偿元件21的隔离特性也许不足以实现使该剩余液体29在与过滤介质24相邻的要求的位置上不冻结。
补偿元件21以及另一个布置在端圆盘5和外壳2之间的补偿元件34(见图1)可以各自用EPDM形成。
接着,连同图4一起阐述用于制造过滤元件3用的方法。
在该方法的第一步骤S1,把过滤介质24放入没有示出的工具中。在紧跟着的步骤S2,用塑料在周围喷涂该过滤介质24,其中同时产生中间管11。此后在步骤S3,连同过滤介质24把中间管11布置在箱6中。中间管11可以连同过滤介质24一起初始突出地布置在箱6上面。在步骤S4中加热端圆盘4,并在轴向方向上(轴向当前同样涉及中轴13)中间管11连同过滤介质24移动,以此中间管11和过滤介质24各自与端圆盘4焊起来。这时,过滤介质24的边缘区域25优选和端圆盘4上开孔22的边缘区域26焊接。以此端圆盘4中的开孔22被过滤介质24封闭。同时或此后不久在步骤S5,把端圆盘4与箱6在其边缘区域35径向在开孔22外焊接。焊接可以借助于用反射镜焊接进行。
Claims (10)
1.用于过滤液体,尤其是过滤尿素溶液用的过滤元件(3),其带有具有开孔(22)的端圆盘(4),和封闭开孔(22)并允许液体在过滤元件(3)的净化侧(28)和原液侧(27)之间流过的过滤介质(24)。
2.按照权利要求1所述的过滤元件,其中在原液侧这样地设置补偿元件(21),使得液体冻结时留下的剩余液体(29)在过滤介质(24)和补偿元件(21)之间的间隙(32)中流动。
3.按照权利要求2所述的过滤元件,其中补偿元件(21)设计为隔离体。
4.按照权利要求1-3中任一项所述的过滤元件,其中净化侧(28)上的端圆盘(4)中的开孔(22)内侧地通到过滤元件(3)的支撑体(11)中。
5.按照权利要求1-4中任一项所述的过滤元件,其中支撑体(11)外侧被另一过滤元件(6)包围。
6.按照权利要求5所述的过滤元件,其中端圆盘(4)在相对于开孔(22)径向外面与该另一个过滤介质(6)一起密封地连接。
7.按照权利要求1-6中任一项所述的过滤元件,其中端圆盘(4)的开孔(22)中设置防止过滤介质(24)受到机械损坏的装置(23)。
8.带有按照权利要求1-7中任一项所述的过滤元件(3)的过滤装置(1)。
9.建立过滤元件(3),尤其是建立按照权利要求1-7中任一项所述的过滤元件(3)用的方法,其中端圆盘(4)中的开孔(22)用过滤介质(24)封闭。
10.按照权利要求9所述的方法,其中过滤介质(24)在其边缘区域(25)与开孔(22)的边缘区域(26)焊接。
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PCT/EP2012/072576 WO2013092010A2 (de) | 2011-12-22 | 2012-11-14 | Filterelement, filtereinrichtung und verfahren |
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WO2019069897A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-06 | 2019-04-11 | ヤマシンフィルタ株式会社 | フィルタ装置 |
WO2021003116A1 (en) | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-07 | Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. | Expansion membrane assembly and filter head in exhaust fluid filter assembly |
CN111939643A (zh) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-11-17 | 河南弘康环保科技有限公司 | 车用尿素溶液超净生产系统 |
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WO2013092010A3 (de) | 2013-12-27 |
DE112012005391A5 (de) | 2014-10-02 |
WO2013092010A2 (de) | 2013-06-27 |
US20150014237A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
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