CN104241556B - 一种锂电池用软包装铝塑膜材料 - Google Patents
一种锂电池用软包装铝塑膜材料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及锂电池软用包装铝塑膜材料。它具有层状结构,它由中间的铝基层(AL)内外两侧,内侧依次由内到外分布为新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)、聚脂层(PET)、新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)、共聚丙烯层(CPP),外侧依次由内到外分布为聚脂层(PET)、新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)、均聚丙烯层(PP)。本发明聚脂层(PET)作为功能阻隔层化学性能稳定,有很好的耐电解液性能;共聚丙烯层(CPP)作为功能材料层有很好的耐电解液性能和热封性能,有很好的热封强度;新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)采用PP材料,和基材铝(AL)、聚脂层(PET)、均聚丙烯层(PP)、共聚丙烯层(CPP)都有很强的粘结牢度,流延工艺不会分层。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及锂电池用软包装铝塑膜技术领域,具体的讲,本发明涉及的锂电池用软包装铝塑膜材料。
背景技术
目前,市场上锂电池包装的铝塑膜被日本两家公司垄断,国内虽然后很多厂家在研制,但都没能成功,市场上还没有批量生产的国产锂电池软包装用铝塑膜。软包装锂电池由于其可以做的很薄、面积大、形状可以异形、不燃烧、爆炸威力极小等优点广泛应用于锂电池的包装。
目前市场的上的锂电池软包装铝塑膜大都采用干式复合工艺生产,干式复合工艺主要是把各种功能膜和基材铝箔通过溶剂粘结层复合而成,由于锂电池软包装铝塑膜材料使用的特殊性,就是要经过电解液侵泡很长时间,我们知道电解液有很强的腐蚀性,电解液会产生腐蚀性极强的氢氟酸(HF),还含有溶解能力极强的碳酸乙烯酯(EC)、碳酸二甲酯(DMC),一旦电解液透过CPP层,与粘结剂和铝箔接触,会使溶剂粘结层分解,使CPP与AL之间分层,AL遇到HF,也会被腐蚀,使电池漏液、鼓胀。所以干式复合的锂电池软包装铝塑膜对溶剂粘结层要求很高,很难保证质量。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于采用全新的多层共济流延技术生产的锂电池软包装铝塑膜材料。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下的技术方案:
一种锂电池用软包装铝塑膜材料,所述的锂电池软包装铝塑膜材料具有层状结构,它由中间的铝基层(AL)上下两侧,内侧依次由内到外分布为新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)、聚脂层(PET)、共聚丙烯层(CPP),外侧依次由内到外分布为聚脂层(PET)、新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)、均聚丙烯(PP)。
所述的新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)主要采用质量百分比85-95% 的均聚丙烯(PP)作为基材、以质量百分比5-15% 苯乙烯-马来酸酐的共聚物(SMA)为活性单体、采用质量比0.3% 过氧化二异丙苯DCP作为添加剂。
所述的新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)采用多螺杆挤出机挤压加工,挤出温度:170-230℃。
所述铝基层为经过退火处理的软态高成性型铝箔,该铝基层的厚度为30~40微米。
所述铝基层与聚脂层之间、聚脂层与均聚丙烯层、聚脂层与共聚丙烯层之间的新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)厚度4-8微米。
所述的聚脂层为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET),该聚脂层的厚度为5~20微米。
所述共聚丙烯、均聚丙烯层的厚度为为8-10微米。
所述的铝片材采用五层流延共挤设备,进行多层共济流延法加工。
有益效果:本发明的铝基层,具有良好延展性有良好的力学性能;聚脂层(PET)作为包装功能保护材料,有很好的耐电解液性能,耐冲击强度强,耐折性好,且耐油、耐脂肪、耐烯酸、稀碱,耐大多数溶剂,气体和水蒸气渗透率低;外层采用PP材料,拉伸和压缩强度及硬度性能好,且刚性好,热封强度高,同时具有较好的耐热性,耐腐蚀性,稳定高,几乎不吸水。本发明中间铝基层向外侧依次对称分布的新型粘合树脂层、聚脂层、新型粘合树脂层、均聚丙烯层,其材料应力更加均匀,有益于拉伸成型,最重要是本发明研发出新型功能的粘合树脂,能够十分牢固粘贴铝箔、聚脂层(PET),PP、CPP材料。
附图说明
图1 是本发明的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合各具体实施例及说明书附图对本发明作进一步说明:
见图1所示,本发明公开的一种锂电池用软包装铝塑膜材料,所述的锂电池用软包装铝塑膜材料具有层状结构,它由中间的铝基层(AL)4上下两侧,内侧依次由内到外分布为新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)2、聚脂层(PET)3、共聚丙烯层(CPP)5,外侧依次由内到外分布为新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)2、聚脂层(PET)3、均聚丙烯(PP)1,呈两侧分布。由于本发明的锂电池用软包装铝塑膜材料层状结构为分布,其材料应力更加均匀平整度好,便于包装使用。
所述的新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)2,主要采用质量百分比85-95% 的均聚丙烯(PP)作为基材、以质量百分比5-15% 苯乙烯-马来酸酐的共聚物(SMA)为活性单体、采用质量比0.3% 作为过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)添加剂。本发明的苯乙烯-马来酸酐的共聚物(SMA),克服了市面上的PP接枝马来酸酐的接枝率不高,导致粘合树脂与铝材的粘接力有限的缺点。使用SMA作为马来酸酐源,可大大提高PP接枝物中马来酸酐的含量,上述配方马来酸酐含量可达8%,远高于其它接枝物;较好的与铝箔、PET、CPP、PP等材料低温热合性能,流延工艺使其粘结牢度更强。
本发明的新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)2采用多螺杆挤出机挤压加工,挤出温度:170-230℃。
所述铝基层4为经过退火处理的软态高成性型铝箔,该铝基层4的厚度为30~40微米。便于成型加工。
所述铝基层3与聚脂层3之间、聚脂层3与均聚丙烯层1、聚脂层3与共聚丙烯层5之间的新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)2厚度4-8微米。 这种厚度新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)2,其粘贴性能最强。
所述的聚脂层3为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET),该聚脂层3的厚度为5~20微米。聚脂层(PET)3作为功能性保护包装材料,有很好的耐电解液性能,其冲击强度是其他薄膜的3~5倍,耐折性好,且耐油、耐脂肪、耐烯酸、稀碱,耐大多数溶剂,气体和水蒸气渗透率低,既有优良的阻气、水、油及异味性能,无毒、无味,卫生安全性好。
所述均聚丙烯层1的厚度为为8-10微米。均聚丙烯层1具有良好的电性能和高频绝缘性且不受湿度影响,具有较高的耐热性;化学性能好,几乎不吸水,与绝大多数化学药品不反应;质地纯净,无毒性电绝缘性好。
所述共聚丙烯层5的厚度为为8-10微米。共聚丙烯层5具有良好的化学稳定性、电性能和高频绝缘性且不受湿度影响,有很好的耐电解液性能,具有较高的耐热性;化学性能好,几乎不吸水,无毒性与绝大多数化学药品不反应;有很好的热封自热封性能,其自热封强度可以到达45-65N/15mm。
所述的锂电池用软包装铝塑膜材料采用五层流延共挤设备,进行流延法加工。生产出产品耐电解液性能好、热封强度高平整、高阻隔性、不卷边、拉伸成型性能良好。
通过实验证明,我们发明的锂电池包装的铝塑膜材料采用全新的多层共济流延技术,作为新型功能粘合树脂层(AD)2和基材铝(AL)4、聚脂层(PET)3、均聚丙烯层(PP)1、共聚丙烯层(CPP)2都有很强的粘结牢度,同时具有优异的耐电解液性能,具有天然的耐腐蚀性能,即使电解液渗透到铝基层,也不会造成铝塑膜分层;同时在铝箔表面进行钝化处理,提高铝箔本身的抗腐蚀能力;采用高阻隔性的聚脂层(PET)3,很好的耐电解液性能,使电解液无法透过聚脂层(PET)3到达铝箔表面; 本发明产品的耐腐蚀性达到以下指标:电解液浸泡85℃7天,AL/CPP层间剥离强度≥8 N/15mm。常温下电解液封装在铝塑膜内,保持五年,材料不分层。共聚丙烯层(CPP)5有很好的自热封性能,其自热封强度可以到达45-65N/15mm。
综上所述,本发明的铝基层(AL)4,具有良好延展性有良好的力学性能;本发明的聚脂层(PET)3作为包装功能性保护材料,耐电解液性能好,其冲击强度强,耐折性好,且耐油、耐脂肪、耐烯酸、稀碱,耐大多数溶剂,气体和水蒸气渗透率低,既有优良的阻气、水、油及异味性能,无毒、无味,卫生安全性好;且其材料应力均匀,裁剪时不会出现翘边现象,最重要是本发明研发出新型功能粘合树脂,能够十分牢固粘贴铝箔、聚脂层(PET)3,CPP、PP材料。其生产工艺采用多层共济流延技术,减少废弃物排放,环保性强。且生产过程无需任何添加剂、溶剂,且生产过程及加工过程中,不会产生有害物。作为锂电池用软包装铝塑膜材料其具有阻隔性能强,对于氧、水均能完全阻隔,具有较高的延展性能,易于成型,成型后不翘边,平整度好。最重要的是还具有良好的耐油、和耐溶剂性能、耐电解液侵蚀。
以上所述仅是对本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明的范围进行限定,故在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下,本领域普通工程技术人员对本发明所述的构造、特征及原理所做的等效变化或装饰,均应落入本发明申请专利的保护范围内。
Claims (7)
1. 一种锂电池用软包装铝塑膜,所述的锂电池用软包装铝塑膜具有层状结构,它的中间层为铝基层,所述的铝基层外侧分为上下两侧,下侧依次由内到外分布为粘合树脂层、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层、粘合树脂层和共聚丙烯层,上侧依次由内到外分布为粘合树脂层、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层、粘合树脂层和均聚丙烯层,其特征在于:所述的粘合树脂层主要采用质量百分比85-95% 的均聚丙烯作为基材、以质量百分比5-15% 的苯乙烯-马来酸酐的共聚物为活性单体、采用质量百分比0.3% 的过氧化二异丙苯作为添加剂,所述的粘合树脂层中的均聚丙烯、苯乙烯-马来酸酐的共聚物、以及过氧化二异丙苯总量为1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的锂电池用软包装铝塑膜,其特征在于:所述的粘合树脂层采用多螺杆挤出机挤压加工,挤出温度:170-230℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的锂电池用软包装铝塑膜,其特征在于:所述的铝基层为经过退火处理的软态高成性型铝箔,该铝基层的厚度为30~40微米。
4.根据权利要求1所述的锂电池用软包装铝塑膜,其特征在于:所述的铝基层与聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层之间、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层与均聚丙烯层之间、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层与共聚丙烯层之间的粘合树脂层的厚度均为4-8微米。
5.根据权利要求1所述的锂电池用软包装铝塑膜,其特征在于:所述的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层的厚度为5~20微米。
6.根据权利要求1所述的锂电池用软包装铝塑膜,其特征在于:所述均聚丙烯层的厚度为8-10微米,共聚丙烯层的厚度为8-10微米。
7.根据权利要求1-6任何一项权利要求所述的锂电池用软包装铝塑膜,其特征在于,所述的锂电池用软包装铝塑膜采用五层流延共挤设备,进行多层共济流延法工艺加工。
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