CN104227154B - Portable processing observation integration microminiature numerical control galvanic corrosion machining tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a micro-miniature numerical control electric erosion machining machine tool integrated with portable processing and observation, which belongs to the field of numerical control machine tools. In order to solve the problem that the existing electric erosion machining machine tool is bulky and cannot be used for on-site video teaching demonstration. It includes micro-machine body structure, servo feed mechanism, servo actuator, elastic components and electrical control box; micro-machine body structure includes portable lightweight beam, column, workbench, working fluid tank, guide rail and slider; servo The feeding mechanism includes a linear stepping motor and a non-rigid connection ball head; the servo actuator includes a rotating motor, an electrode chuck and a fixing frame for the rotating motor; the electrical control box is used to provide pulse voltage to the electrode chuck and detect The inter-electrode voltage between the clamping electrode and the device to be processed in the working fluid tank is also used to control the linear stepping motor. The invention is used in the field of electrical processing.

Description

Portable processing and observation integrated miniature CNC electro-erosion machining machine tool

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of numerical control machine tools.

Background technique

Electric processing occupies an important position in the field of mechanical processing due to its advantages such as small macro force, non-contact processing, and wide application range of materials. It is widely used in mold manufacturing, micro-processing and other fields, and is the most widely used special processing. One of the technologies, but usually the electric processing machine tools are fixed, with large volume and weight, not easy to carry, and the cost is high (100,000 to several million units), and the use and maintenance costs are high. Even if it is a small desktop electric processing machine tool, it is not easy to carry it by hand. For the processing requirements of some difficult-to-machine materials and difficult-to-machine holes in scientific research and production, if it is designed as a portable electro-erosion machining tool, it will have greater flexibility and practicability.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve the problem that the existing electro-erosion machining machine tools are bulky and cannot be used for on-site video teaching demonstrations. The invention provides a portable micro-miniature numerical control electro-erosion machining machine tool integrating processing and observation.

Portable processing and observation integrated miniature numerical control electric erosion machining machine tool, which includes a miniature machine tool body structure, a servo feed mechanism, a servo actuator, elastic elements and an electrical control box;

The body structure of the micro-miniature machine tool includes a portable lightweight beam, a column, a workbench, a working fluid tank, guide rails and sliders;

The servo feed mechanism includes a linear stepper motor and a non-rigid connection ball head;

The servo actuator includes a rotating motor, an electrode chuck and a fixing frame for the rotating motor;

One end of the column is vertically fixed with a portable lightweight beam, and the other end is fixed on the workbench. There is a working fluid tank on the workbench. Through the portable lightweight beam, the lower end of the ball screw is provided with a non-rigid connection ball head, and the side wall of the column near the working fluid tank is provided with a guide rail, and the guide rail is parallel to the ball screw of the linear stepping motor.

The guide rail is slidingly connected with the rotating motor fixing frame through the slider, the non-rigid connection ball head is pressed on the upper surface of the upper fixing plate of the rotating motor fixing frame, and the elastic element is clamped between the portable light beam and the upper fixing plate of the rotating motor fixing frame Between them, a rotating motor is fixed on the lower fixing plate of the rotating motor fixing frame, the rotating shaft of the rotating motor passes through the lower fixing plate of the rotating motor fixing frame, and the end of the rotating shaft of the rotating motor is fixed with an electrode chuck, which is held by the electrode chuck A gap is formed between the clamping electrode and the device to be processed in the working fluid tank. The electrical control box is used to provide pulse voltage to the electrode chuck and detect the gap between the electrode clamped by the electrode chuck and the device to be processed in the working fluid tank. The inter-pole voltage is also used to control the linear stepper motor.

The portable processing and observation integrated miniature CNC electro-erosion machine tool also includes video and audio devices, and the video and audio devices are fixed on the side wall where the guide rail is located, and are located below the guide rail.

The video and audio devices are used to collect the working status information of the electrode held by the electrode chuck and the working fluid tank, and send the collected information to the mobile terminal.

The electrical control box includes a housing, a servo detection module, a servo control module, a servo drive module, and a power supply module. The servo detection module, servo control module, servo drive module, and power supply module are arranged in the housing, and the power supply module is used It is used to provide working power for the electrode chuck, servo detection module, servo control module and servo drive module,

The servo detection module is used to detect the inter-electrode voltage and send the obtained inter-electrode voltage data to the servo control module. The servo control module is used to generate a linear stepper motor control signal according to the received data and send it to the servo drive module. The servo drive module It is used to generate a linear stepper motor driving signal according to the received linear stepper motor control signal and send it to the linear stepper motor.

The electrical control box also includes a digital tube display module embedded in the front surface of the housing, and the signal input terminal of the digital tube display module is connected to the display signal output terminal of the servo control module.

Principle analysis:

When processing parts, first fill the working fluid tank with pure water, fix the workpiece on the workpiece rack in the working fluid tank, adjust the electrical control box to manual mode, adjust the distance between the electrode and the workpiece in manual mode, and adjust the machine tool Processing specifications (rough, medium, and finishing processing specifications) and corresponding electrical parameters, and then switch the manual mode to the automatic mode for processing. During the processing, the processing status parameters can be displayed through the digital tube in the electrical control box, video and audio The device monitors the discharge phenomenon and the shape and size changes of the workpiece and electrodes in real time during the processing, and can measure the size through the mobile terminal for the convenience of monitoring.

In order to ensure that the discharge gap is in the best state, the servo detection module in the electrical control box detects the voltage between the electrode and the workpiece in real time, and inputs the detection signal to the servo control module. The servo control module sends signals to control the servo drive module according to the control strategy and controls the linear step. The motor moves up and down to adjust the size of the gap. During this process, the non-rigid connection ball head connects the linear stepping motor and the rotating motor fixing frame in a non-rigid form to effectively eliminate the servo feed resistance; in addition, the elastic element always gives the rotating motor fixing frame an upward pull during the entire processing process, It can effectively eliminate the mechanical transmission gap, improve the servo response speed and processing accuracy.

Portable processing and observation integrated micro-miniature CNC electric erosion machining machine has the characteristics of "although a sparrow is small, it has all internal organs", which can not only meet the processing needs, but also get rid of the dependence on expensive large-scale EDM equipment, and can be easily carried It has great flexibility to go to the job site for processing. The invention can be used as a portable electric discharge machining tool for machining small holes and simple shapes, and can be used for machining various difficult-to-machine materials and difficult-to-machine holes in scientific research and production.

In addition, the present invention can also be used as a teaching aid for teaching demonstration and popular science innovation education, realizing the teaching method combining theory and practice, and through the processing of light, sound, electricity and other information, students can understand and feel the phenomenon of EDM and processing The process plays a positive role in increasing students' perceptual knowledge and improving their practical ability and innovative consciousness.

The processing accuracy of the portable processing and observation integrated miniature numerical control electric erosion machining machine tool described in the present invention is significantly improved, and not only can the machine tool be carried to the scene for processing at will, but also can be used as a teaching tool for classroom demonstration and teaching. The new electrical control system Users are allowed to choose, replace, and combine different processing power sources, different servo drive methods and different servo detection methods. Due to the modular processing, each module exists independently. This modular processing method is convenient for future system upgrades. Expansion upgrade, module replacement and combined use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the portable processing and observation integrated miniature numerical control electric erosion machining machine tool described in the first embodiment;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the electrical control box described in the third embodiment.

detailed description

Specific Embodiment 1: Refer to Fig. 1 to illustrate this embodiment. The portable processing and observation integrated miniature numerical control electric erosion machine tool described in this embodiment includes a microminiature machine tool body structure, a servo feed mechanism, a servo actuator, an elastic Component 13 and electrical control box 14;

The body structure of the miniature machine tool includes a portable lightweight beam 2, a column 3, a workbench 8, a working fluid tank 9, a guide rail 4 and a slider 5;

The servo feed mechanism includes a linear stepper motor 1 and a non-rigid connection ball head 12;

The servo actuator includes a rotating motor 11, an electrode chuck 10 and a rotating motor fixing frame 6;

One end of the column 3 is vertically fixed with a portable lightweight beam 2, and the other end is fixed on the workbench 8. The workbench 8 is provided with a working fluid tank 9, and the linear stepper motor 1 is fixed on the portable lightweight beam 2, and the linear The ball screw of the stepping motor 1 passes through the portable lightweight beam 2, the lower end of the ball screw is provided with a non-rigid connection ball head 12, and the side wall of the column 3 close to the working fluid tank 9 is provided with a guide rail 4, and ensures that the guide rail 4 Parallel to the ball screw of the linear stepping motor 1, the guide rail 4 is slidingly connected with the rotating motor fixing frame 6 through the slider 5, and the non-rigid connection ball head 12 is pressed on the upper surface of the upper fixing plate of the rotating motor fixing frame 6, and the elastic element 13 is clamped between the portable lightweight beam 2 and the upper fixing plate of the rotating motor fixing frame 6, and the rotating motor 11 is fixed on the lower fixing plate of the rotating motor fixing frame 6, and the rotating shaft of the rotating motor 11 passes through the rotating motor fixing frame 6, and the end of the rotating shaft of the rotating motor 11 is fixed with an electrode clamp 10, the electrode clamped by the electrode clamp 10 forms an inter-electrode gap with the device to be processed in the working fluid tank 9, and the electrical control box 14 It is used to provide pulse voltage to the electrode chuck 10, and to detect the inter-electrode voltage between the electrode clamped by the electrode chuck 10 and the device to be processed in the working fluid tank 9, and is also used to control the linear stepper motor 1.

In this embodiment, the electro-erosion machining machine tool in the prior art has redundant connections and a large volume, while the portable machining and observation integrated miniature numerical control electro-erosion machining machine tool of the present invention uses fewer devices, and has a simple structure and a small volume , easy to carry; and the portable processing and observation integrated miniature numerical control electric erosion machining machine tool of the present invention adopts a new type of servo actuator, that is, the elastic element 13 is used to eliminate the mechanical transmission gap, which mainly includes the following two types:

1. The linear stepper motor 1 converts the rotational motion of the rotor into the linear motion of the screw through the screw, so there is an axial gap between the screw and the nut;

2. If there is no connecting piece between the upper fixing plate of the rotating motor fixing frame 6 and the non-rigid connection ball head 12, there will be a large return error.

In the present invention, one end of the elastic element 13 is connected to the portable lightweight crossbeam 2, and the other end is connected to the rotating motor fixing frame 6. During the servo feeding, the elastic element 13 always exerts an upward pulling force on the servo actuator, so that the wire can be effectively eliminated. The axial clearance of the lever and the backstroke error between the non-rigid connection ball head 12 and the rotating motor fixing frame 6 improve the servo response accuracy.

The present invention adopts a new type of non-rigid connection method that can eliminate the servo feed resistance caused by the parallelism deviation between the 1st axis of the linear stepping motor and the 4th axis of the guide rail. The non-rigid connection ball head 12 is used between the non-rigid connection ball head 12 and the upper fixing plate of the rotating motor fixing frame 6 as a point contact. Due to the machining error of the parts and the installation error of the machine tool, the final performance of the linear stepping motor 1 axis and the The parallelism error between the 4 axes of the guide rail, because the non-rigid connection ball head 12 can effectively eliminate the servo feed resistance caused by the parallelism error between the servo drive motor shaft and the guide rail axis during the servo feed process, so the servo feed can be improved. Response speed and precision, while reducing the power of the selected linear stepper motor.

Specific embodiment 2: Referring to Fig. 1 to illustrate this embodiment, the difference between this embodiment and the portable processing and observation integrated miniature numerical control electric erosion machine tool described in Specific Embodiment 1 is that it also includes a video and audio device 7, a video And the audio device 7 is fixed on the side wall where the guide rail 4 is located, and is located below the guide rail 4,

The video and audio device 7 is used to collect the working state information of the electrode clamped by the electrode chuck 10 and the working fluid tank 9, and send the collected information to the mobile terminal.

In this embodiment, real-time video display and audio monitoring are performed on the discharge phenomenon through the video and audio device 7, and are sent to mobile terminals, such as computers, tablets, mobile phones, etc., to facilitate observation, monitoring and measurement.

Specific embodiment three: Referring to Fig. 2 to illustrate this embodiment, the difference between this embodiment and the portable processing and observation integrated miniature CNC electro-erosion machining machine described in the first or second specific embodiment is that the electric control box 14 includes Housing, servo detection module 14-1, servo control module 14-2, servo drive module 14-3 and power supply module 14-4, the servo detection module 14-1, servo control module 14-2, servo drive module 14-3 and the power module 14-4 are arranged in the housing, and the power module 14-4 is used to provide working power for the electrode chuck 10, the servo detection module 14-1, the servo control module 14-2 and the servo drive module 14-3 ,

The servo detection module 14-1 is used to detect the inter-pole voltage, and sends the obtained inter-pole voltage data to the servo control module 14-2, and the servo control module 14-2 is used to generate a linear stepping motor control signal according to the received data Send to the servo drive module 14 - 3 , the servo drive module 14 - 3 is used to generate a linear stepper motor drive signal according to the received linear stepper motor control signal and send it to the linear stepper motor 1 .

In this embodiment, the servo detection module 14-1 detects the inter-electrode voltage, and sends the detection value to the servo control module 14-2, and the servo control module 14-2 sends instructions to control the servo drive module 14-3 according to the control strategy, and then adjusts Depending on the size of the inter-electrode gap, the power module 14-4 provides the required power for each module, and provides pulse power for machine tool processing. The new electrical control box 14 is characterized by modular processing, and each module exists independently. This modular processing method is convenient for future expansion and upgrade, module replacement and combined use of the system and the functional structure of the machine tool.

Embodiment 4: The difference between this embodiment and the portable processing and observation integrated miniature numerical control electric erosion machine tool described in Embodiment 3 is that the workbench 8 is an XY two-axis servo feed function platform, and the electrical The control box 14 is also used to control the movement of the XY two-axis servo feed function platform.

In this embodiment, the workbench 8 can be replaced with a platform with XY two-axis servo feed function according to processing needs. Due to the modularization process, only the corresponding servo control module and servo feed module need to be added to the electrical control box 14 The above functions can be realized, which is convenient for the expansion of the structure and functions of the machine tool, and the replacement and use of modules will not affect the normal use of other modules.

Embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment and the portable processing and observation integrated miniature CNC electro-erosion machine tool described in Embodiment 3 is that the electrical control box 14 also includes a digital tube display module, and the digital tube displays The module is embedded in the front surface of the casing, and the signal input end of the nixie tube display module is connected with the display signal output end of the servo control module 14-2.

Claims (4)

1. The most portable processing observation integration microminiature numerical control galvanic corrosion machining tool, it is characterised in that it includes miniature machine tool Body construction, servo feed mechanism, servo actuator, flexible member (13) and electric control box (14)；

   Described miniature machine tool body construction includes portable light weight crossbeam (2), column (3), workbench (8), working solution Groove (9), guide rail (4) and slide block (5)；

   Servo feed mechanism includes linear stepping motor (1) and non-rigid connecting ball head (12)；

   Servo actuator includes electric rotating machine (11), terminal clamp (10) and electric rotating machine fixed mount (6)；

   One end of column (3) is vertically and fixedly provided with portable light weight crossbeam (2), and its other end is fixed on workbench (8), work Station (8) is provided with work tank (9), and linear stepping motor (1) is fixed on portable light weight crossbeam (2), and straight line The ball-screw of motor (1) passes portable light weight crossbeam (2), and the lower end of ball-screw is provided with non-rigid connecting ball head (12), Column (3) is provided with guide rail (4) near the sidewall of work tank (9), and ensures guide rail (4) and linear stepping motor (1) Ball-screw parallel, guide rail (4) is slidably connected with electric rotating machine fixed mount (6) by slide block (5), non-rigid connection Bulb (12) is pressed in the upper surface of the upper mounted plate of electric rotating machine fixed mount (6), flexible member (13) clamping portable gently Between amount crossbeam (2) and the upper mounted plate of electric rotating machine fixed mount (6), on the bottom plate of electric rotating machine fixed mount (6) Being fixed with electric rotating machine (11), the rotary shaft of electric rotating machine (11) passes the bottom plate of electric rotating machine fixed mount (6), And the rotation the tip of the axis of electric rotating machine (11) is fixed with terminal clamp (10), electrode and work clamped by terminal clamp (10) Making to be formed between the device to be processed in liquid bath (9) pole clearance, electric control box (14) is for carrying to terminal clamp (10) For pulse voltage, and electrode clamped by detecting electrode chuck (10) is electric with the interpolar between device to be processed in work tank (9) Pressure, is additionally operable to control linear stepping motor (1) simultaneously.
2. Portable processing the most according to claim 1 observation integration microminiature numerical control galvanic corrosion machining tool, its feature exists In, it also includes that video and audio devices (7), video and audio devices (7) are fixed on the sidewall at guide rail (4) place, And it is positioned at the lower section of guide rail (4),

   Video and audio devices (7) are for electrode clamped by acquisition electrode chuck (10) and the work shape of work tank (9) State information, and the information of collection is delivered to mobile terminal.
3. Portable processing the most according to claim 1 and 2 observation integration microminiature numerical control galvanic corrosion machining tool, it is special Levy and be, described electric control box (14) include housing, servo detection module (14-1), servo control module (14-2), Servo-driven module (14-3) and power module (14-4), described servo detection module (14-1), servo control module (14-2), Servo-driven module (14-3) and power module (14-4) are arranged in housing, and power module (14-4) is for electrode holder Head (10), servo detection module (14-1), servo control module (14-2) and servo-driven module (14-3) provide work Power supply,

   Servo detection module (14-1) is used for detecting voltage across poles, and the voltage across poles data of acquisition are sent to SERVO CONTROL Module (14-2), servo control module (14-2) is sent out for producing linear stepping motor control signal according to the data received Giving servo-driven module (14-3), servo-driven module (14-3) is for controlling letter according to the linear stepping motor received Number produce linear stepping motor drive signal be sent to linear stepping motor (1).
4. Portable processing the most according to claim 3 observation integration microminiature numerical control galvanic corrosion machining tool, its feature exists In, described electric control box (14) also includes numeral method module, and this numeral method Module-embedding is before housing Surface, and the signal input part of numeral method module is connected with the display signal output part of servo control module (14-2).