CN104202002A - FPGA (field programmable gate array) based digital AGC (automatic gain control) system and method of ultra-short wave radio set - Google Patents
FPGA (field programmable gate array) based digital AGC (automatic gain control) system and method of ultra-short wave radio set Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a FPGA (field programmable gate array) based digital AGC (automatic gain control) system and method of an ultra-short wave radio set. An RF (radio frequency signal) IN of a receiver is sent to a digital attenuator I to achieve an IF (intermediate frequency) signal through a mixer. One part of the IF signal enters a digital attenuator II, and the other part of the IF signal enters a detector for the detection. An IF-RSSI (received signal strength indicator), received by the detector, is converted into a digital signal by an A/D (analog/digital) converter and entered the FPGA. The signal processing is performed to the FPGA by adopting the sliding window smoothing algorithm to acquire average value of the IF signal. The FPGA judges according to the IF-RSSI. The digital attenuator I and the digital attenuator II are controlled through RFAGC (radio frequency automatic gain control), IFAGC 1(intermediate frequency automatic gain control) and IFAGC2, and a variable gain amplifier is controlled through an SPI interface to achieve constant output of the IF signal. By the use of the FPGA-based digital AGC system and method, automatic gain control on the RF signal reception is achieved within a wide dynamic range, thus the IF signal is maintained within a stable range, and smooth output of the IF signal is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of digital AGC AGC (automatic gain control) system and method, be particularly related to one for ultrashort wave radio set, can carry out to the receipts radiofrequency signal of wide dynamic range a kind of ultrashort wave radio set digital AGC system and method based on FPGA of automatic gain control.
Background technology
The function of agc circuit is to realize the automatic gain control in system wide dynamic range, and it is widely used in the system of the great dynamic ranges such as forces station, smart antenna, wireless communication system, medical treatment and disk fetch channel.Agc circuit can regulate the gain of these systems, makes the output level that the signal that in very large range changes can stable output.
Because factors such as being subject to transmitting power size, reception and transmission range distance, Electromagnetic Wave Propagation decline affects, the excursion of the input signal of receiver is often very large.If receiver will keep the linear amplification of receiving equipment in so wide scope, the unsaturated distortion of signal, just need to control the gain of receiver, makes output signal keep stable level, and guarantee receiver is normally worked.When input signal strength is too little, receiver can not accurately receive required signal, and excessive when incoming signal level, transistor and other components and parts can damage due to overload, and this is not wish to occur.Conventionally require in the time receiving weak output signal, receiver gain increases, and when reception signal is strong, receiver gain reduces, and so just can make output signal keep stable.
In order to solve dynamic range at input signal when excessive, make outputs level signals still maintain the problem in constant scope, a kind of full-digital AGC control method and the patent of invention of system (publication number: CN101075832A) to authorize being applied in tdma system, adopt full-digital AGC control, according to intermediate-freuqncy signal characteristic, generate the decision condition information of controlling variable gain amplifier, and then control variable gain amplifier, the AGC that realizes whole loop controls and processes.But this patent of invention is only amplified or decays intermediate-freuqncy signal, the radiofrequency signal receiving is not carried out to AGC processing, in the time that input signal is very large, the analogue device of front end easily causes non-linear, even can be damaged; And this patent of invention is that intermediate-freuqncy signal is carried out to the AD laggard line correlation processing of sampling, AGC processing delay is long, and the adjustment time is relatively slow.
Thereby, design and a kind ofly can seem particularly necessary compared with the system of carrying out automatic gain control real-time in wide dynamic range to the radiofrequency signal receiving.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to carry out automatic gain control in the radiofrequency signal wide dynamic range to receiving, make to receive intermediate-freuqncy signal amplitude and maintain one compared with in stability range, realize the steady output of intermediate-freuqncy signal.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of ultrashort wave radio set digital AGC system based on FPGA, it is characterized in that: comprise numerical-control attenuator I, frequency mixer, numerical-control attenuator II, wave detector, A/D converter, variable gain amplifier and FPGA, first the radiofrequency signal RFIN that receiver receives delivers to numerical-control attenuator I, afterwards through frequency mixer, draw intermediate-freuqncy signal, intermediate-freuqncy signal is divided two-way, numerical-control attenuator II is sent on one tunnel, wave detector detection is sent on another road, the intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI that wave detector detects is analog signal, convert this analog signal to digital signal by A/D converter, and send into FPGA, must judge intermediate frequency field intensity index signal in real time accurate, FPGA adopts the algorithm of sliding window filtering to carry out signal processing, obtain the mean value of intermediate-freuqncy signal, FPGA judges according to this intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI, pass through RFAGC, IFAGC1 and IFAGC2 holding wire are controlled numerical-control attenuator I, numerical-control attenuator II, by SPI interface control variable gain amplifier, the output that realizes intermediate-freuqncy signal is constant, wherein numerical-control attenuator I completes radio frequency AGC function, and numerical-control attenuator II and variable gain amplifier complete intermediate frequency AGC function.
A ultrashort wave radio set digital AGC method based on FPGA, is characterized in that: concrete steps are:
(1) the unlatching threshold values, radio frequency AGC threshold interval of intermediate frequency AGC controllable gain amplifier and the threshold values that intermediate frequency AGC numerical-control attenuator is opened are set based on experience value, the unlatching threshold values of intermediate frequency AGC controllable gain amplifier is threshold0, radio frequency AGC threshold interval is between threshold1 and threshold2, and two threshold values of intermediate frequency AGC numerical-control attenuator are respectively threshold3 and threshold4;
(2) when FPGA detects that intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI is very little, while being less than threshold0, putting RFAGC is low level, be that numerical-control attenuator I is unattenuated, gain is maximum 32dB, and IFAGC1, IFAGC2 are set to low level, and two grades of numerical-control attenuator II are unattenuated, gain is 32dB, and controlling variable gain amplifier is maximum gain 34dB;
(3) be greater than threshold0 when FPGA detects intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI, and while being less than threshold3, along with signal increases gradually, control the gain of variable gain amplifier, carry out continuous setup with 1dB step value;
(4) when detecting intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI, FPGA is greater than threshold3, and while being less than threshold4, putting IFAGC1 is high level, IFAGC2 is low level, be numerical-control attenuator II decay 16dB, meanwhile, along with signal increases gradually, control the gain of variable gain amplifier, guarantee overall gain is carried out continuous setup with 1dB step value;
(5) when detecting intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI, FPGA is greater than threshold4, and while being less than threshold2, putting IFAGC1, IFAGC2 is high level, be numerical-control attenuator II decay 32dB, simultaneously, along with signal increases gradually, control the gain of variable gain amplifier, guarantee overall gain is carried out continuous setup with 1dB step value;
(6) in the time that FPGA detects that intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI is greater than threshold2, putting RFAGC is high level, i.e. numerical-control attenuator I decay 32dB; IFAGC1, IFAGC2 set high level, be numerical-control attenuator II decay 32dB, meanwhile, keep variable gain amplifier yield value before constant, reach the object of decay large-signal, in order to prevent intermediate-freuqncy signal output abrupt change, radio frequency AGC arranges and whirls between dead zone, when signal diminishes, while dropping to threshold1, putting RFAGC is low level, and numerical-control attenuator I is unattenuated, gains as 32dB;
Adjust by above-mentioned steps, can ensure that input radio frequency signal is in the time that wide dynamic range changes, the intermediate-freuqncy signal of output still maintains in stability range, thereby realizes the steady output of intermediate-freuqncy signal.
The present invention has positive effect: (1) is with respect to old simulation AGC control technology, the present invention adopts numerically controlled variable gain amplifier, digital gain compensation can be accurately provided, have fast response time, control circuit is simple, control is flexible and can carry out improved advantage by the mode of software upgrading; (2) the present invention can be by detecting intermediate frequency field intensity index signal control radio frequency AGC and intermediate frequency AGC, and in the time that input radio frequency dynamic range of signals is excessive, the intermediate-freuqncy signal of output still maintains in stability range, thereby realizes the steady output of intermediate-freuqncy signal.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that system of the present invention realizes block diagram;
Fig. 2 is AGC control method flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of ultrashort wave radio set digital AGC system based on FPGA, comprises numerical-control attenuator I, frequency mixer, numerical-control attenuator II, wave detector, A/D converter, variable gain amplifier and FPGA.
First the radiofrequency signal RFIN that receiver receives delivers to numerical-control attenuator I, draws intermediate-freuqncy signal afterwards through frequency mixer.Intermediate-freuqncy signal is divided two-way, and numerical-control attenuator II is sent on a road, and wave detector detection is sent on another road, and the intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI that wave detector detects is analog signal, converts this analog signal to digital signal, and send into FPGA by A/D converter.Must judge intermediate frequency field intensity index signal in real time accurate, FPGA adopts the algorithm of sliding window filtering to carry out signal processing, obtain the mean value of intermediate-freuqncy signal, FPGA judges according to this intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI, control numerical-control attenuator I, numerical-control attenuator II by RFAGC, IFAGC1 and IFAGC2 holding wire, by SPI interface control variable gain amplifier, the output that realizes intermediate-freuqncy signal is constant.
FPGA, by detecting the voltage range of intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI, controls numerical-control attenuator II by holding wire IFAGC1 and IFAGC2, by SPI interface control variable gain amplifier, completes intermediate frequency AGC function; Control numerical-control attenuator I by holding wire RFAGC, complete radio frequency AGC function.Make in the time that input radio frequency dynamic range of signals is very large, the intermediate-freuqncy signal of output still remains in a constant scope, realizes the steady output of intermediate-freuqncy signal.
A/D converter is connected with FPGA by three line locking serial ports SPI mouths; Variable gain amplifier is connected with FPGA by three line locking serial ports SPI mouths.
Numerical-control attenuator I is 1 grade, gains as 32dB; Numerical-control attenuator II is 2 grades, is respectively 16dB and 32dB; Variable gain amplifier overall gain is 34dB.
Numerical-control attenuator I is HE751 chip, for controlling the decay of radiofrequency signal; Numerical-control attenuator II is HE751 chip, for controlling the decay of intermediate-freuqncy signal; Frequency mixer is HSP-158, for radiofrequency signal is converted to intermediate-freuqncy signal; Wave detector is AD8307 chip, for detection of the amplitude of intermediate-freuqncy signal; A/D converter is TLV1572, for intermediate frequency field intensity index signal is converted to digital signal; Variable gain amplifier is AD8370, for controlling the gain of intermediate-freuqncy signal; Described FPGA is Xilinx XC5VLX110T, the signal collecting and controlling function of completion system.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of ultrashort wave radio set digital AGC method based on FPGA, concrete steps are:
(1) the unlatching threshold values, radio frequency AGC threshold interval of intermediate frequency AGC controllable gain amplifier and the threshold values that intermediate frequency AGC numerical-control attenuator is opened are set based on experience value, the unlatching threshold values of intermediate frequency AGC controllable gain amplifier is threshold0, radio frequency AGC threshold interval is between threshold1 and threshold2, and two threshold values of intermediate frequency AGC numerical-control attenuator are respectively threshold3 and threshold4;
(2) when FPGA detects that intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI is very little, while being less than threshold0, putting RFAGC is low level, be that numerical-control attenuator I is unattenuated, gain is maximum 32dB, and IFAGC1, IFAGC2 are set to low level, and two grades of numerical-control attenuator II are unattenuated, gain is 32dB, and controlling variable gain amplifier is maximum gain 34dB;
(3) be greater than threshold0 when FPGA detects intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI, and while being less than threshold3, along with signal increases gradually, control the gain of variable gain amplifier, carry out continuous setup with 1dB step value;
(4) when detecting intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI, FPGA is greater than threshold3, and while being less than threshold4, putting IFAGC1 is high level, IFAGC2 is low level, be numerical-control attenuator II decay 16dB, meanwhile, along with signal increases gradually, control the gain of variable gain amplifier, guarantee overall gain is carried out continuous setup with 1dB step value;
(5) when detecting intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI, FPGA is greater than threshold4, and while being less than threshold2, putting IFAGC1, IFAGC2 is high level, be numerical-control attenuator II decay 32dB, simultaneously, along with signal increases gradually, control the gain of variable gain amplifier, guarantee overall gain is carried out continuous setup with 1dB step value;
(6) in the time that FPGA detects that intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI is greater than threshold2, putting RFAGC is high level, i.e. numerical-control attenuator I decay 32dB; IFAGC1, IFAGC2 set high level, be numerical-control attenuator II decay 32dB, meanwhile, keep variable gain amplifier yield value before constant, reach the object of decay large-signal, in order to prevent intermediate-freuqncy signal output abrupt change, radio frequency AGC arranges and whirls between dead zone, when signal diminishes, while dropping to threshold1, putting RFAGC is low level, and numerical-control attenuator I is unattenuated, gains as 32dB;
Adjust by above-mentioned steps, can ensure that input radio frequency signal is in the time that wide dynamic range changes, the intermediate-freuqncy signal of output still maintains in stability range, thereby realizes the steady output of intermediate-freuqncy signal.
The present invention can be achieved as follows function: (1) can control intermediate frequency AGC and radio frequency AGC by detecting intermediate frequency field intensity signal, make in the time that input radio frequency dynamic range of signals is excessive, the intermediate-freuqncy signal of output still can maintain in constant scope, realizes the steady output of intermediate-freuqncy signal; (2) owing to being to adopt digital form to realize AGC to control, realize signal digital gain compensation real-time, AGC response speed is improved greatly, control flexibly, be convenient to the upgrading of software real-time online, improved the dynamic adjustments ability of receiver.
In sum, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; All based on above-mentioned basic ideas, do not depart from various changes and the modification in this creation spirit and scope, done, all should belong to scope disclosed in this invention.
Claims (5)
1. the ultrashort wave radio set digital AGC system based on FPGA, it is characterized in that: comprise numerical-control attenuator I, frequency mixer, numerical-control attenuator II, wave detector, A/D converter, variable gain amplifier and FPGA, first the radiofrequency signal RFIN that receiver receives delivers to numerical-control attenuator I, afterwards through frequency mixer, draw intermediate-freuqncy signal, intermediate-freuqncy signal is divided two-way, numerical-control attenuator II is sent on one tunnel, wave detector detection is sent on another road, the intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI that wave detector detects is analog signal, convert this analog signal to digital signal by A/D converter, and send into FPGA, must judge intermediate frequency field intensity index signal in real time accurate, FPGA adopts the algorithm of sliding window filtering to carry out signal processing, obtain the mean value of intermediate-freuqncy signal, FPGA judges according to this intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI, pass through RFAGC, IFAGC1 and IFAGC2 holding wire are controlled numerical-control attenuator I, numerical-control attenuator II, by SPI interface control variable gain amplifier AD8370, the output that realizes intermediate-freuqncy signal is constant,
Wherein numerical-control attenuator I completes radio frequency AGC function, and numerical-control attenuator II and variable gain amplifier complete intermediate frequency AGC function.
2. a kind of ultrashort wave radio set digital AGC system based on FPGA according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described A/D converter is connected with FPGA by three line locking serial ports SPI mouths; Described variable gain amplifier is connected with FPGA by three line locking serial ports SPI mouths.
3. a kind of ultrashort wave radio set digital AGC system based on FPGA according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described numerical-control attenuator I is 1 grade, gains as 32dB; Described numerical-control attenuator II is 2 grades, is respectively 16dB and 32dB; Described variable gain amplifier overall gain is 34dB.
4. a kind of ultrashort wave radio set digital AGC system based on FPGA according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described numerical-control attenuator I is HE751 chip, for controlling the decay of radiofrequency signal; Described numerical-control attenuator II is HE751 chip, for controlling the decay of intermediate-freuqncy signal; Described frequency mixer is HSP-158, for radiofrequency signal is converted to intermediate-freuqncy signal; Described wave detector is AD8307 chip, for detection of the amplitude of intermediate-freuqncy signal; Described A/D converter is TLV1572, for intermediate frequency field intensity index signal is converted to digital signal; Described variable gain amplifier is AD8370, for controlling the gain of intermediate-freuqncy signal; Described FPGA is Xilinx XC5VLX110T, the signal collecting and controlling function of completion system.
5. the ultrashort wave radio set digital AGC method based on FPGA, is characterized in that: concrete steps are:
(1) the unlatching threshold values, radio frequency AGC threshold interval of intermediate frequency AGC controllable gain amplifier and the threshold values that intermediate frequency AGC numerical-control attenuator is opened are set based on experience value, the unlatching threshold values of intermediate frequency AGC controllable gain amplifier is threshold0, radio frequency AGC threshold interval is between threshold1 and threshold2, and two threshold values of intermediate frequency AGC numerical-control attenuator are respectively threshold3 and threshold4;
(2) when FPGA detects that intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI is very little, while being less than threshold0, putting RFAGC is low level, be that numerical-control attenuator I is unattenuated, gain is maximum 32dB, and IFAGC1, IFAGC2 are set to low level, and two grades of numerical-control attenuator II are unattenuated, gain is 32dB, and controlling variable gain amplifier is maximum gain 34dB;
(3) be greater than threshold0 when FPGA detects intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI, and while being less than threshold3, along with signal increases gradually, control the gain of variable gain amplifier, carry out continuous setup with 1dB step value;
(4) when detecting intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI, FPGA is greater than threshold3, and while being less than threshold4, putting IFAGC1 is high level, IFAGC2 is low level, be numerical-control attenuator II decay 16dB, meanwhile, along with signal increases gradually, control the gain of variable gain amplifier, guarantee overall gain is carried out continuous setup with 1dB step value;
(5) when detecting intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI, FPGA is greater than threshold4, and while being less than threshold2, putting IFAGC1, IFAGC2 is high level, be numerical-control attenuator II decay 32dB, simultaneously, along with signal increases gradually, control the gain of variable gain amplifier, guarantee overall gain is carried out continuous setup with 1dB step value;
(6) in the time that FPGA detects that intermediate frequency field intensity index signal IF_RSSI is greater than threshold2, putting RFAGC is high level, i.e. numerical-control attenuator I decay 32dB; IFAGC1, IFAGC2 set high level, be numerical-control attenuator II decay 32dB, meanwhile, keep variable gain amplifier yield value before constant, reach the object of decay large-signal, in order to prevent intermediate-freuqncy signal output abrupt change, radio frequency AGC arranges and whirls between dead zone, when signal diminishes, while dropping to threshold1, putting RFAGC is low level, and numerical-control attenuator I is unattenuated, gains as 32dB;
Adjust by above-mentioned steps, can ensure that input radio frequency signal is in the time that wide dynamic range changes, the intermediate-freuqncy signal of output still maintains in stability range, thereby realizes the steady output of intermediate-freuqncy signal.
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| CN108471318A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-08-31 | 天维讯达（北京）科技有限公司 | A kind of digital AGC method and system based on FPGA |
| CN108471318B (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2020-04-07 | 天维讯达（北京）科技有限公司 | Digital AGC control method and system based on FPGA |
| CN109462420A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-12 | 西安烽火电子科技有限责任公司 | A kind of ultrashort wave radio transmitting device |
| CN110995377A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-10 | 深圳市普威技术有限公司 | Signal attenuation control method and device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN113300794A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-24 | 重庆会凌电子新技术有限公司 | Control method of frequency spectrum sensor |
| CN113300794B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-07-22 | 重庆会凌电子新技术有限公司 | Control method of frequency spectrum sensor |
| CN113992171A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-28 | 华南理工大学 | Receiver and automatic gain control method thereof |
| CN115102612A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-09-23 | 成都星联芯通科技有限公司 | Gain control method and device, gain controller and signal receiving end |
| CN115913417A (en) * | 2023-01-07 | 2023-04-04 | 成都川美新技术股份有限公司 | Device and method for improving detection range and precision of radio frequency power detector |
| CN117081687A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-11-17 | 四川思凌科微电子有限公司 | RSSI data sampling method |
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