CN104201466A - Frequency reconfigurable filtering antenna with end-on-fire characteristics - Google Patents
Frequency reconfigurable filtering antenna with end-on-fire characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- CN104201466A CN104201466A CN201410440608.6A CN201410440608A CN104201466A CN 104201466 A CN104201466 A CN 104201466A CN 201410440608 A CN201410440608 A CN 201410440608A CN 104201466 A CN104201466 A CN 104201466A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a frequency reconfigurable filtering antenna with end-on-fire characteristics. The frequency reconfigurable filtering antenna comprises a radiation structure, a feed structure, a filtering structure, a radio frequency control system and a reflection structure. A conformal dipole composed of three radiation units is adopted as the radiation structure. A double-wire feed micro-strip structure and a micro-strip feed structure are adopted as the feed structure. The filtering structure is composed of three filtering units transversely arrayed on the side surface of the micro-strip feed structure in sequence. The radio frequency control system comprises a radio frequency component PIN tube, an inductor and a direct-current biased wire. A metal floor in the micro-strip feed structure is adopted as the reflection structure. The frequency reconfigurable filtering antenna solves the problems of adjustment difficulty of the antenna at the high frequency, instability of the directional diagram, high profile and low break-make ratio, can have the characteristics of the frequency reconfigurable filtering antenna with the end-on-fire characteristics at the X, Ku and Ka wavebands, and can be applied to wireless communication and satellite communication.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to communication technical field, further relate to a kind of frequency reconfigurable filter antenna with end-fire characteristic in Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology field.The present invention is adjustable working in X, Ku and tri-frequency bands of Ka, has end to the directional diagram of radiation, is applicable to that modern wideband frequency is adjustable, end is to the frequency reconfigurable filter antenna of radiation, high break-make specific characteristic.
Background technology
Along with the development of radio communication, antenna is more remarkable for the importance of whole communication equipment, has low section, and the antenna of high-gain and enough characteristics such as bandwidth will be also trend and the requirement of communication system development.While is along with the increase of communication system functionality, the antenna amount carrying on each carrier is more and more, the weight of institute's load also increases thereupon, and due to spatial limitation, the placement of a plurality of antennas will affect the even operating characteristic of whole system of each antenna performance, and Electro Magnetic Compatibility becomes an important problem.Conventionally, frequency reconfigurable antenna is realized the following two kinds of methods that mainly contain:
The patent " miniaturization three order frequency restructural Big Dipper navigation antennas " of Xian Electronics Science and Technology University's application (application number: 201410003838.6, publication number: proposed a kind of mechanical type frequency reconfigurable antenna 103794870A).This antenna is comprised of rotatable cylinder and short circuit loaded microstrip antenna structure.By rotable antenna the first half, antenna is switched at three frequency bands of the Big Dipper two generations navigation system, utilize connection and the disconnection of short circuit loading structure, realized the frequency reconfigurable of microstrip antenna.Although, adopting the antenna bandwidth of this antenna structure, voltage standing wave ratio is low.But the weak point that this antenna structure exists has 3 points, the first, adopt mechanical rotational structure, can cause the volume of antenna to increase, increase the load requirement of system.The second, this antenna structure make antenna and system integration difficulty high.The 3rd, this antenna structure adopts three groups of L-type feed probes configurations at feed place, make antenna difficulty of processing high, and systematic error is large.
Patent " a kind of ultra-wideband antenna of the frequency reconfigurable " (application number: 201110179150.X of University of Electronic Science and Technology's application, publication number: the ultra-wideband antenna that has proposed a kind of frequency reconfigurable 102306870A), this antenna structure passes through at the sub-radiating element of medium upper surface printed monopole, the radiating element that this printed monopole is arranged by a plurality of line styles forms, on each radiating element, load electronic switch and realize frequency reconfigurable characteristic, this antenna structure carries out feed by microstrip feed line to antenna.Adopt this antenna structure flat gain in ultrabroad band, simple in structure.But the weak point that this antenna structure exists has 2 points, the first, adopt electronic switch simply to load on antenna radiation unit, can cause the break-make ratio of antenna.The second, this antenna structure makes antenna volume large, is unfavorable for the system integration.
In sum, at present reconfigurable antenna is faced with three problems, and 1. adjustable frequency mainly concentrates on the low-frequency bands such as WLAN, and even the satellite antenna of Ka wave band is less to be applicable to high frequency X, Ku wave band.2. the selection of switch, the using method of PIN pipe is more ripe, but while loading PIN pipe on antenna, the design of direct current biasing line is larger on antenna impact, mems switch is easy-to-use, but mems switch preparation method is developed not mature enough, simultaneously expense is higher, and through engineering approaches is used existing problems.3. under the condition of low section, cannot meet antenna end to the requirement of radiation.4. antenna is not high in the make-to-break ratio of different working bands.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of end to radiation, three frequently adjustable, high make-to-break ratio, control simple adjustable filter antenna, utilize antenna self structure feature, according to the impedance feature of common dish-shaped dipole antenna, on radiating element and the design frequency reconfigurable structures of feed structure both sides.The end of adjustable, horizontal direction is to radiation characteristic frequently in working frequency range, to have realized in tri-frequency bands of X, Ku and Ka three, and antenna maximum gain direction in the horizontal direction.
Realizing concrete thought of the present invention is: adopt the conformal dipole that is printed on medium substrate upper and lower surface as radiant body, according to the impedance feature of this conformal dipole, on radiating element and on feed structure, design filter unit and reconfigurable rf control system.By modern global optimization approach, optimize size and the position of filter unit structure, realize coupling and the restructural characteristic of filter antenna impedance.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows.
The present invention includes irradiation structure, feed structure, filter structure, rf control system, catoptric arrangement and medium substrate thereof; The irradiation structure that is positioned at medium substrate upper surface is directly connected with feed structure, filter structure is positioned at the side of feed structure, rf control system is positioned at a side of irradiation structure and filter structure, is positioned at the rear side of the catoptric arrangement of medium substrate lower surface in irradiation structure.
Irradiation structure adopts three radiating elements, and three radiating elements successively longitudinal arrangement are printed on two surfaces of medium substrate, and three radiating elements form conformal dipole.Feed structure adopts dual feed microstrip structure and microstrip-fed structure, and dual feed microstrip structure and microstrip-fed structure connect from left to right successively along medium substrate horizontal center line.
Filter structure adopts three filter units, and three filter units are horizontally arranged in microstrip-fed texture edge successively, and three filter units are rectangular metal paster structure.Rf control system comprises seven radio-frequency (RF) component PIN pipes, seven inductance and five groups of direct current biasing lines, on the longitudinal arrangement center line between medium substrate upper surface the first and second radiating elements, load a PIN pipe, on the longitudinal arrangement center line between medium substrate upper surface second and the 3rd radiating element, load a PIN pipe, on the longitudinal arrangement center line between medium substrate lower surface the first and second radiating elements, load a PIN pipe, on the longitudinal arrangement center line between medium substrate lower surface second and the 3rd radiating element, load a PIN pipe, the PIN pipe of other three radio-frequency (RF) component loads on the junction of each rank filter unit and microstrip-fed structure, left side at the first and second radiating elements of medium substrate upper surface and lower surface respectively loads an inductance, three inductance load on the end of each rank filter unit, after five groups of direct current biasing lines are connected on each inductance and extend to medium substrate edge, direct current biasing line is metal wire the circuit control mode that adopts single-ended switch ground connection.
Catoptric arrangement is the metal floor of microstrip-fed structure, and microstrip-fed metal floor is positioned at the medium substrate lower surface on dual feed structure right side.
Invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
The first, the present invention adopts conformal dipole as antenna radiator, and the radio-frequency (RF) component quantity that has overcome prior art existence is many, the shortcoming that antenna volume is large, the present invention has been had simple in structure, the advantage that radio frequency control element quantity is few, has effectively expanded the range of application of antenna.
Second, the present invention opens a way metal minor matters structure as filter unit structure by employing, has overcome prior art and on feed structure, has accessed complicated filter structure, makes antenna structure complexity, the complicated shortcoming of feed, make the present invention there is compact conformation, be easy to feed and the simple advantage of controlling.
The 3rd, the present invention adopts five groups of direct current biasing lines of single-ended switch ground connection, overcome prior art and on radiant body and filter structure, loaded complicated rf control system, make the rf control system volume on antenna large, the shortcoming that integrated difficulty is high, make the present invention there is rf control system simple, be easy to integrated advantage.
The 4th, the present invention, by load filter unit structure on feed structure, has overcome prior art simple radio frequency control element that loads on reconfigurable antenna, make reconfigurable antenna poor anti jamming capability, the shortcoming that make-to-break ratio is low, makes the present invention have high make-to-break ratio, the advantage of high noise immunity.
The 5th, feed structure in the present invention adopts microstrip-fed structure structure and dual feed microstrip structure to connect to form, overcome prior art and on antenna feed structure, added complicated filter structure, make the shortcoming that Antenna Design difficulty is high, Project Realization is poor, make the present invention there is simplicity of design, be easy to the advantage of processing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is front view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is rearview of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the front view of the embodiment of the present invention 4;
The front view of embodiment 5 in Fig. 4 the present invention;
Fig. 5 is X of the present invention, Ku, Ka frequency band emulation reflection coefficient characteristic curve schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the present invention at the end of 9.55GHz to radiation direction schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the present invention at the end of 14GHz to radiation direction schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the present invention at the end of 33GHz to radiation direction schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is the present invention and general reconfigurable antenna make-to-break ratio characteristic schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
With reference to accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2, structure of the present invention is as follows.
The present invention includes irradiation structure, feed structure, filter structure, rf control system, catoptric arrangement and medium substrate 1 thereof.The irradiation structure that is positioned at medium substrate 1 upper surface is directly connected with feed structure, filter structure is positioned at the side of feed structure, rf control system is positioned at a side of irradiation structure and filter structure, the rear side of the catoptric arrangement that is positioned at medium substrate 1 lower surface in irradiation structure.Irradiation structure adopt the first radiating element 14, the second radiating element 13,11, three radiating elements of the 3rd radiating element successively longitudinal arrangement be printed on two surfaces of medium substrate 1, three radiating elements form conformal dipole.Feed structure adopts dual feed microstrip structure 10 and microstrip-fed structure 8, and dual feed microstrip structure 10 is connected along medium substrate 1 horizontal center line from left to right successively with microstrip-fed structure 8.Filter structure adopts first-order filtering unit 15, second-order filter unit 16,17, three filter units of three rank filter units to be horizontally arranged in successively microstrip-fed texture edge, and three filter units are rectangular metal paster structure.Rf control system comprises seven radio-frequency (RF) component PIN pipes 12, seven inductance 4 and five groups of direct current biasing lines, on the longitudinal arrangement center line of 13 of medium substrate 1 upper surface the first radiating element 14 and the second radiating elements, load a PIN pipe 12, on the longitudinal arrangement center line of 11 of medium substrate 1 upper surface the second radiating element 13 and the 3rd radiating elements, load a PIN pipe 12, on the longitudinal arrangement center line of 13 of medium substrate 1 lower surface the first radiating element 14 and the second radiating elements, load a PIN pipe 12, on the longitudinal arrangement center line of 11 of medium substrate 1 lower surface the second radiating element 13 and the 3rd radiating elements, load a PIN pipe 12, the PIN pipe 12 of other three radio-frequency (RF) component loads on the junction of each rank filter unit and microstrip-fed structure 8, at the first radiating element 14 of medium substrate 1 upper surface and lower surface and the left side of the second radiating element 13, respectively load an inductance 4, three inductance 4 load on the end of each rank filter unit, first group of direct current biasing line 2, second group of direct current biasing line 3, the 3rd group of direct current biasing line 5, the 4th group of direct current biasing line 6, the 5th group of direct current biasing line 7 is connected on each inductance 4 afterwards and extends to medium substrate 1 edge, direct current biasing line is metal wire the circuit control mode that adopts single-ended switch ground connection.Described catoptric arrangement is the metal floor 9 of microstrip-fed structure 8, and microstrip-fed metal floor 9 is positioned at medium substrate 1 lower surface on dual feed structure 10 right sides.
In the present invention, each parameters of structural dimension is as follows.
The relative dielectric constant of medium substrate 1 of the present invention is 2.94, substrate thickness is 0.254mm, dielectric loss is 0.0012, in the present invention, for connecting the lead-in wire direction vertical with conformal dipole two arm longitudinal arrangement center lines 90 of the dual feed microstrip structure 10 of the 3rd radiating element 11, spend, length is 10mm, dual feed structure 10 width that medium substrate 1 upper surface is printed are 0.4mm, the width of the dual feed structure 10 that medium substrate 1 lower surface is printed is 0.4mm, so both guaranteed the impedance matching that antenna is good, be beneficial to again with microstrip-fed structure 8 and be connected simultaneously, microstrip-fed structure 8 length that are connected with dual feed microstrip structure 10 are 70mm, microstrip-fed structure 8 width that medium substrate 1 upper surface is printed are 0.4mm.First group of direct current biasing line 2 length of the present invention are 4.5mm, width is 0.1mm, second group of direct current biasing line 3 length is 4mm, width is 0.1mm, the 3rd group of direct current biasing line 5 length are 8mm, width is 0.1mm, the 4th group of direct current biasing line 6 length are 6.2mm, width is 0.1mm, the 5th group of direct current biasing line 7 length are 4mm, width is 0.1mm, on five groups of direct current biasing lines, be connected to separately 0.84 μ H inductance 4, the present invention introduces inductance 4 eliminations and respectively organizes direct current biasing line to the impact of antenna radiation characteristics and the impact on filter unit structure filtering characteristic, make antenna pattern of the present invention stable, matching properties is good.The size of radiating element is relevant to the resonance frequency of whole antenna, on all radiating elements, PIN pipe 12 disconnects, on first-order filtering unit 15, PIN pipe 12 is communicated with, when on the filter unit 17 of 16He San rank, second-order filter unit, PIN pipe 12 is communicated with, the 3rd radiating element 11 produces Ka wave band place resonance frequency band, and the 3rd radiating element 11 triangle length of sides are a1, when a1 gets 1.26mm, the length of the rectangular patch of first-order filtering unit 15 is 0.689mm, and width is 0.595mm, and antenna is operated in 27.8～33.5GHz.When PIN pipe 12 between the 3rd radiating element 11 and the second radiating element 13 is communicated with, on second-order filter unit 16, PIN pipe is communicated with, when on the filter unit 17 of 15He San rank, first-order filtering unit, PIN pipe 12 disconnects, produce Ku frequency band place resonance frequency, in the second radiating element 13, trapezoidal hypotenuse length is a2, trapezoidal long limit is 1.1mm, and minor face is long is 2.0mm.In the 3rd radiating element 11, a1 is fixedly time, and the length of the rectangular metal paster of second-order filter unit 16 is 5.56mm, and width is 0.3mm, and in the present invention, a2 gets 1.0mm, and antenna is operated in 13.1～15.8GHz.PIN pipe 12 on all radiating elements is all in connected state, on three rank filter units 17, PIN pipe 12 is communicated with, when on first-order filtering unit 15 and second-order filter unit 16, PIN pipe 12 disconnects, a2 respectively fixedly time in a1 and the second radiating element 13 in the 3rd radiating element 11, in the first radiating element 14, the trapezoidal hypotenuse length of side is a3, trapezoidal long limit is 3.44mm, minor face is 2.2mm, when a3 is 1.4mm, the length of the rectangular metal sheet of three rank filter units 17 is 2.77mm, width is 0.3mm, and antenna is operated in 9.16～10.67GHz.Meanwhile, because the corresponding radiating element of each frequency band institute is different, the present invention can facilitate, independence, regulate flexibly each size of antenna, to regulate three different frequency band adjustments scopes of antenna.
Embodiment 2: in conjunction with the structure chart in Fig. 1, embodiment 2 is conducted further description, in the present invention, the formation of the antenna of embodiment 2 is identical with Fig. 1 with structure.The 3rd radiating element radiation patch triangle length of side a1 is 1mm, and the second radiating element radiation patch inverted trapezoidal length of side a2 is 1mm, and the first radiating element radiation patch inverted trapezoidal length of side a3 is 1mm.In this example, on medium substrate, direct current biasing inductance value that line connects is 0.1 μ H, the dielectric constant of medium substrate is 10, all the other structures are the same with the frequency reconfigurable filter antenna that a kind of in Fig. 1 has end-fire characteristic, and also to have the frequency reconfigurable filter antenna of end-fire characteristic the same with a kind of in Fig. 1 for the relation between each structure.
Embodiment 3: in conjunction with the structure chart in Fig. 1, embodiment 3 is conducted further description, in the present invention, the formation of the antenna of embodiment 3 is identical with Fig. 1.The 3rd radiating element radiation patch triangle length of side a1 is 3mm, and the second radiating element radiation patch inverted trapezoidal length of side a2 is 3mm, and the first radiating element radiation patch inverted trapezoidal length of side a3 is 3mm.In this example, on medium substrate, direct current biasing inductance value that line connects is 0.1 μ H, the dielectric constant of medium substrate is 10, all the other structures are the same with the frequency reconfigurable filter antenna that a kind of in Fig. 1 has end-fire characteristic, and also to have the frequency reconfigurable filter antenna of end-fire characteristic the same with a kind of in Fig. 1 for the relation between each structure.
Embodiment 4: Fig. 3 is the structure chart of embodiments of the invention 4, and embodiment 4 comprises irradiation structure, feed structure, filter structure, rf control system, catoptric arrangement and medium substrate 18 thereof.The irradiation structure that is positioned at medium substrate 18 upper surfaces is directly connected with feed structure, filter structure is positioned at the side of feed structure, rf control system is positioned at a side of irradiation structure and filter structure, the rear side of the catoptric arrangement that is positioned at medium substrate 18 lower surfaces in irradiation structure.Irradiation structure adopt the first radiating element 29, the second radiating element 28,27, three radiating elements of the 3rd radiating element successively longitudinal arrangement be printed on two surfaces of medium substrate 18, three radiating elements form conformal dipole.Feed structure adopts dual feed microstrip structure 26 and microstrip-fed structure 24, and dual feed microstrip structure 26 is connected along medium substrate 18 horizontal center lines from left to right successively with microstrip-fed structure 24.Filter structure adopts first-order filtering unit 30, second-order filter unit 31, three rank filter units 32, one, two, three filtering unit filters unit, rank are horizontally arranged in microstrip-fed structure 24 sides successively, one, second-order filter unit is along three symmetrical open-circuit metal minor matters of microstrip-fed structure 24, and three rank filter units are along four symmetrical open-circuit metal minor matters of microstrip-fed structure 24.Rf control system comprises 24 radio-frequency (RF) component PIN pipes 12, 24 inductance 4 and five groups of direct current biasing lines, on the longitudinal arrangement center line of 28 of medium substrate 1 upper surface the first radiating element 29 and the second radiating elements, load a PIN pipe 12, on the longitudinal arrangement center line of 27 of medium substrate 18 upper surface the second radiating elements 28 and the 3rd radiating elements, load a PIN pipe 12, on the longitudinal arrangement center line of 28 of medium substrate 18 lower surface the first radiating elements 29 and the second radiating elements, load a PIN pipe 12, on the longitudinal arrangement center line of 27 of medium substrate 1 lower surface the second radiating element 28 and the 3rd radiating elements, load a PIN pipe 12, the PIN pipe 12 of other three radio-frequency (RF) component loads on the junction of each rank filter unit open circuit metal minor matters and microstrip-fed structure 24, at the first radiating element 29 of medium substrate 18 upper surfaces and lower surface and the left side of the second radiating element 28, respectively load an inductance 4, three inductance 4 load on the open circuit metal minor matters end of each rank filter unit, all inductance value are 0.1uh, first group of direct current biasing line 19, second group of direct current biasing line 20, the 3rd group of direct current biasing line 21, the 4th group of direct current biasing line 22, the 5th group of direct current biasing line 23 is connected on each inductance 4 afterwards and extends to medium substrate 18 edges, direct current biasing line is metal wire the circuit control mode that adopts single-ended switch ground connection.Described catoptric arrangement is the metal floor 25 of microstrip-fed structure 24, and microstrip-fed metal floor 26 is positioned at medium substrate 1 lower surface on dual feed structure 26 right sides.
In embodiment 4, each parameters of structural dimension is as follows.
The relative dielectric constant of medium substrate 18 of the present invention is 2.94, substrate thickness is 0.254mm, dielectric loss is 0.0012, in the present invention, for connecting the lead-in wire direction vertical with conformal dipole two arm longitudinal arrangement center lines 90 of the dual feed microstrip structure 26 of the 3rd radiating element 29, spend, length is 10mm, dual feed structure 26 width that medium substrate 18 upper surfaces are printed are 0.4mm, the width of the dual feed structure 26 that medium substrate 18 lower surfaces are printed is 0.4mm, so both guaranteed the impedance matching that antenna is good, be beneficial to again with microstrip-fed structure 24 and be connected simultaneously, microstrip-fed structure 24 length that are connected with dual feed microstrip structure 26 are 70mm, microstrip-fed structure 24 width that medium substrate 18 upper surfaces are printed are 0.4mm.First group of direct current biasing line 19 length of the present invention are 4.5mm, width is 0.1mm, second group of direct current biasing line 20 length is 4mm, width is 0.1mm, the 3rd group of direct current biasing line 21 length are 8mm, width is 0.1mm, the 4th group of direct current biasing line 22 length are 6.2mm, width is 0.1mm, the 5th group of direct current biasing line 23 length are 4mm, width is 0.1mm, on five groups of direct current biasing lines, be connected to separately 0.84 μ H inductance 4, the present invention introduces inductance 4 eliminations and respectively organizes direct current biasing line to the impact of antenna radiation characteristics and the impact on filter unit structure filtering characteristic, make antenna pattern of the present invention stable, matching properties is good.The size of radiating element is relevant to the resonance frequency of whole antenna, on all radiating elements, PIN pipe 12 disconnects, on first-order filtering unit 30, PIN pipe 12 is communicated with, when on the filter unit 32 of 31He San rank, second-order filter unit, PIN pipe 12 is communicated with, the 3rd radiating element 27 produces Ka wave band place resonance frequency band, and when the 3rd radiating element 27 triangle length of long sides are 1.26mm, the length of the rectangular patch of first-order filtering unit 30 is 0.689mm, width is 0.595mm, and antenna is operated in 27.8～33.5GHz.When PIN pipe 12 between the 3rd radiating element 27 and the second radiating element 28 is communicated with, on second-order filter unit 31, PIN pipe is communicated with, when on the filter unit 32 of 30He San rank, first-order filtering unit, PIN pipe 12 disconnects, produce Ku frequency band place resonance frequency, in the second radiating element 28, trapezoidal long limit is 1.1mm, minor face is long is 2.0mm, the hypotenuse length of side is 1.0mm, when the triangle length of long sides of the 3rd radiating element 27 is fixedly time, the length of the rectangular metal paster of second-order filter unit 31 is 5.56mm, width is 0.3mm, and antenna is operated in 13.1～15.8GHz.PIN pipe 12 on all radiating elements is all in connected state, on three rank filter units 32, PIN pipe 12 is communicated with, when on first-order filtering unit 30 and second-order filter unit 31, PIN pipe 12 disconnects, the 3rd radiating element 27 and the second radiating element 28 are fixedly time, and in the first radiating element 29, the trapezoidal hypotenuse length of side is 1.4mm, and trapezoidal long limit is 3.44mm, minor face is 2.2mm, the length of the rectangular metal sheet of three rank filter units 32 is 2.77mm, and width is 0.3mm, and antenna is operated in 9.16～10.67GHz.
Embodiment 5: Fig. 4 is the structure chart of embodiments of the invention 5, and embodiment 5 comprises irradiation structure, feed structure, filter structure, rf control system, catoptric arrangement and medium substrate 34 thereof.The irradiation structure that is positioned at medium substrate 34 upper surfaces is directly connected with feed structure, filter structure is positioned at the side of feed structure, rf control system is positioned at a side of irradiation structure and filter structure, the rear side of the catoptric arrangement that is positioned at medium substrate 34 lower surfaces in irradiation structure.Irradiation structure adopts the first radiating element 45, the second radiating element 44, the 3rd radiating element 43, three radiating elements successively longitudinal arrangement are printed on two surfaces of medium substrate 34, three radiating elements form conformal dipole, and three adjacent radiation unit in conformal dipole form conformal fan-shaped.Feed structure adopts dual feed microstrip structure 42 and microstrip-fed structure 40, and dual feed microstrip structure 42 is connected along medium substrate 34 horizontal center lines from left to right successively with microstrip-fed structure 40.Filter structure adopts first-order filtering unit 46, second-order filter unit 47,48, three filter units of three rank filter units to be horizontally arranged in successively microstrip-fed texture edge, and three filter units are rectangular metal paster structure.Rf control system comprises seven radio-frequency (RF) component PIN pipes 12, seven inductance 4 and five groups of direct current biasing lines, on the longitudinal arrangement center line of 44 of medium substrate 34 upper surface the first radiating elements 45 and the second radiating elements, load a PIN pipe 12, on the longitudinal arrangement center line of 43 of medium substrate 34 upper surface the second radiating elements 44 and the 3rd radiating elements, load a PIN pipe 12, on the longitudinal arrangement center line of 44 of medium substrate 34 lower surface the first radiating elements 45 and the second radiating elements, load a PIN pipe 12, on the longitudinal arrangement center line of 43 of medium substrate 34 lower surface the second radiating elements 44 and the 3rd radiating elements, load a PIN pipe 12, the PIN pipe 12 of other three radio-frequency (RF) component loads on the junction of each rank filter unit and microstrip-fed structure 40, at the first radiating element 45 of medium substrate 1 upper surface and lower surface and the left side of the second radiating element 44, respectively load an inductance 4, three inductance 4 load on the end of each rank filter unit, first group of direct current biasing line 35, second group of direct current biasing line 36, the 3rd group of direct current biasing line 37, the 4th group of direct current biasing line 38, the 5th group of direct current biasing line 39 is connected on each inductance 4 afterwards and extends to medium substrate 34 edges, direct current biasing line is metal wire the circuit control mode that adopts single-ended switch ground connection.Described catoptric arrangement is the metal floor 41 of microstrip-fed structure 40, and microstrip-fed metal floor 41 is positioned at medium substrate 34 lower surfaces on dual feed structure 42 right sides.
In embodiment 5, each parameters of structural dimension is as follows.
The relative dielectric constant of medium substrate 34 of the present invention is 2.94, substrate thickness is 0.254mm, dielectric loss is 0.0012, in the present invention, for connecting the lead-in wire direction vertical with conformal dipole two arm longitudinal arrangement center lines 90 of the dual feed microstrip structure 10 of the 3rd radiating element 43, spend, length is 10mm, dual feed structure 42 width that medium substrate 34 upper surfaces are printed are 0.4mm, the width of the dual feed structure 42 that medium substrate 34 lower surfaces are printed is 0.4mm, so both guaranteed the impedance matching that antenna is good, be beneficial to again with microstrip-fed structure 40 and be connected simultaneously, microstrip-fed structure 40 length that are connected with dual feed microstrip structure 42 are 70mm, microstrip-fed structure 40 width that medium substrate 34 upper surfaces are printed are 0.4mm.First group of direct current biasing line 35 length of the present invention are 4.5mm, width is 0.1mm, second group of direct current biasing line 36 length is 4mm, width is 0.1mm, the 3rd group of direct current biasing line 37 length are 8mm, width is 0.1mm, the 4th group of direct current biasing line 38 length are 6.2mm, width is 0.1mm, the 5th group of direct current biasing line 39 length are 4mm, width is 0.1mm, on five groups of direct current biasing lines, be connected to separately 0.84 μ H inductance 4, the present invention introduces inductance 4 eliminations and respectively organizes direct current biasing line to the impact of antenna radiation characteristics and the impact on filter unit structure filtering characteristic, make antenna pattern of the present invention stable, matching properties is good.The size of radiating element is relevant to the resonance frequency of whole antenna, on all radiating elements, PIN pipe 12 disconnects, on first-order filtering unit 46, PIN pipe 12 is communicated with, when on the filter unit 48 of 47He San rank, second-order filter unit, PIN pipe 12 is communicated with, the 3rd radiating element 43 produces Ka wave band place resonance frequency band, and when the fan-shaped length of side of the 3rd radiating element 43 is got 1.26mm, the length of the rectangular patch of first-order filtering unit 46 is 0.689mm, width is 0.595mm, and antenna is operated in 27.8～33.5GHz.When PIN pipe 12 between the 3rd radiating element 43 and the second radiating element 44 is communicated with, on second-order filter unit 47, PIN pipe is communicated with, when on the filter unit 48 of 46He San rank, first-order filtering unit, PIN pipe 12 disconnects, produce Ku frequency band place resonance frequency, in the second radiating element 44, the fan-shaped length of side is 1.1mm, and when the fan-shaped length of side of the 3rd radiating element 43 is fixedly time, the length of the rectangular metal paster of second-order filter unit 47 is 5.56mm, width is 0.3mm, and antenna is operated in 13.1～15.8GHz.PIN pipe 12 on all radiating elements is all in connected state, on three rank filter units 48, PIN pipe 12 is communicated with, when on first-order filtering unit 46 and second-order filter unit 47, PIN pipe 12 disconnects, the 3rd radiating element 43 and the fan-shaped length of side of the second radiating element 44 are respectively fixedly time, in the first radiating element 45, the fan-shaped length of side is 3.44mm, the length of the rectangular metal sheet of three rank filter units 48 is 2.77mm, and width is 0.3mm, and antenna is operated in 9.16～10.67GHz.
Fig. 5 is X of the present invention, Ku, Ka frequency band emulation reflection coefficient characteristic curve schematic diagram, and X of the present invention, Ku, Ka frequency band emulation reflection coefficient performance diagram can find out, antenna of the present invention has adjustable working characteristic in X, Ku and tri-frequency bands of Ka.
Fig. 6 is that the present invention is at the simulation result schematic diagram of locating directional diagram of centre frequency 9.55GHz.Radiation pattern of the present invention is obtained by all-wave Electromagnetic Simulation software Ansoft HFSS simulation calculation, radiation pattern of the present invention adopts polar coordinates antenna pattern to represent, ordinate representative antennas far field radiation gain value in left side in antenna pattern, from the present invention, in the antenna pattern of 9.55GHz, can find out, the greatest irradiation direction of antenna of the present invention is positioned at horizontal direction, presents in the horizontal direction end to radiation tropism.
Fig. 7 is that the present invention is at the simulation result schematic diagram of locating directional diagram of centre frequency 14GHz, radiation pattern of the present invention is obtained by all-wave Electromagnetic Simulation software Ansoft HFSS simulation calculation, radiation pattern of the present invention adopts polar coordinates antenna pattern to represent, ordinate representative antennas far field radiation gain value in left side in radiation direction Fig. 7, from the present invention, at the antenna pattern of 14GHz, can find out, the greatest irradiation direction of antenna of the present invention is positioned at horizontal direction, presents in the horizontal direction end to radiation tropism.
Fig. 8 is that the present invention is at the simulation result schematic diagram of locating directional diagram of centre frequency 33GHz, radiation pattern of the present invention is obtained by all-wave Electromagnetic Simulation software Ansoft HFSS simulation calculation, radiation pattern of the present invention adopts polar coordinates antenna pattern to represent, ordinate representative antennas far field radiation gain value in left side in antenna pattern, from the present invention, at the antenna pattern of 33GHz, can find out, the greatest irradiation direction of antenna of the present invention is positioned at horizontal direction, presents in the horizontal direction end to radiation tropism.
Fig. 9 is the present invention and general reconfigurable antenna make-to-break ratio performance plot, from the present invention, can find out with general reconfigurable antenna make-to-break ratio performance plot, and the present invention compares general reconfigurable antenna and has advantages of high make-to-break ratio.
Claims (8)
1. a frequency reconfigurable filter antenna with end-fire characteristic, comprises medium substrate, irradiation structure, feed structure, filter structure, rf control system and catoptric arrangement thereof; The irradiation structure that is positioned at medium substrate upper surface is connected with feed structure, and filter structure is positioned at the side of feed structure, and rf control system is positioned at the left side of irradiation structure and the end of filter structure; Be positioned at the right side of the catoptric arrangement of medium substrate lower surface in irradiation structure; It is characterized in that:
Described irradiation structure adopts three radiating elements, and three radiating elements successively longitudinal arrangement are printed on two surfaces of medium substrate, and three radiating elements form conformal dipole;
Described feed structure adopts dual feed microstrip structure and microstrip-fed structure, and dual feed microstrip structure and microstrip-fed structure connect from left to right successively along medium substrate horizontal center line;
Described filter structure adopts three filter units, and three filter units are horizontally arranged in the side of microstrip-fed structure successively, and three filter units are rectangular metal paster structure;
Described rf control system comprises seven radio-frequency (RF) component PIN pipes, seven inductance and five groups of direct current biasing lines, on the longitudinal arrangement center line between medium substrate upper surface the first and second radiating elements, load a PIN pipe, on the longitudinal arrangement center line between medium substrate upper surface second and the 3rd radiating element, load a PIN pipe, on the longitudinal arrangement center line between medium substrate lower surface the first and second radiating elements, load a PIN pipe, on the longitudinal arrangement center line between medium substrate lower surface second and the 3rd radiating element, load a PIN pipe, the PIN pipe of other three radio-frequency (RF) component loads on the junction of each rank filter unit and microstrip-fed structure, left side at the first and second radiating elements of medium substrate upper surface and lower surface respectively loads an inductance, three inductance load on the end of each rank filter unit, after five groups of direct current biasing lines are connected on each inductance and extend to medium substrate edge, direct current biasing line is metal wire the circuit control mode that adopts single-ended switch ground connection,
Described catoptric arrangement is the metal floor of microstrip-fed structure, and microstrip-fed metal floor is positioned at the medium substrate lower surface on dual feed structure right side.
2. a kind of frequency reconfigurable filter antenna with end-fire characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the structure of the described conformal dipole of antenna is, three radiating elements of antenna are the pair of metal paster that is symmetrical in medium substrate horizontal center line, the pair of metal paster of dipole is a radiating element, between every two of three radiating elements, be spaced apart 0.4mm, first and second radiating element are inverted trapezoidal metal patch, and the 3rd radiating element is triangle metal paster.
3. a kind of frequency reconfigurable filter antenna with end-fire characteristic according to claim 2, is characterized in that, three the adjacent radiation unit of antenna in the conformal dipole of described antenna form conformal triangle or conformal fan-shaped.
4. a kind of frequency reconfigurable filter antenna with end-fire characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, one, two, three described rank filter unit structures, be horizontally arranged in successively the microstrip-fed texture edge at the 3rd radiating element 7～10mm place of distance, the micro-5～15mm that is spaced apart with filter unit in adjacent rank.
5. a kind of frequency reconfigurable filter antenna with end-fire characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described irradiation structure, feed structure and catoptric arrangement, between the 1/4th, three radiating element that the 3rd radiating element and catoptric arrangement are spaced apart 14.5GHz corresponding wavelength and microstrip-fed structure, with dual feed microstrip structure, be connected.
6. a kind of frequency reconfigurable filter antenna with end-fire characteristic according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the inductance numeric area in described rf control system is 0.1～1uH.
7. a kind of frequency reconfigurable filter antenna with end-fire characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, three described filter units adopt single metal open circuit minor matters structure or adopt a plurality of metal open circuit minor matters structures, metal open circuit minor matters length is 1/4th of each passband central frequency corresponding wavelength, and width is 0.3mm～3mm.
8. a kind of frequency reconfigurable filter antenna with end-fire characteristic according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the relative dielectric constant of described medium substrate is between 2～10.
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