CN104196456A - PDC drill tool with alternating cutting trajectory - Google Patents
PDC drill tool with alternating cutting trajectory Download PDFInfo
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- CN104196456A CN104196456A CN201410426030.9A CN201410426030A CN104196456A CN 104196456 A CN104196456 A CN 104196456A CN 201410426030 A CN201410426030 A CN 201410426030A CN 104196456 A CN104196456 A CN 104196456A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a PDC drill tool with an alternating cutting trajectory, and belongs to the field of rock breaking tools for drilling equipment. The PDC drill tool with the alternating cutting trajectory comprises an eccentric shaft, an outer shell, a PDC drill and a cycloid shaft. The PDC drill is fixedly connected to the cycloid shaft, the cycloid shaft is matched inside the outer shell and can eccentrically rotate relative to the alternating trajectory, and an eccentric shaft section arranged on the eccentric shaft is matched in an inner cavity of the cycloid shaft to form a revolute pair. An inner flow channel of the eccentric shaft, an inner flow channel of the cycloid shaft and an inner flow channel of the PDC drill are communicated. By the adoption of the PDC drill tool, the alternating cutting trajectory movement can be made, the stratum eating-in capacity of the PDC drill can be improved remarkably, rock breaking efficiency is improved, the abrasion speed of cutting teeth can be better lowered, and in particular, the PDC drill tool has obvious technical advantages in a deep stratum which cannot be drilled easily and in a high hardness and high abrasiveness stratum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the drilling equipments such as petroleum gas, mine engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geology, the hydrology and use rock crushing tool field, especially a kind of for the PDC bit tool that breaks rock for drilling equipment.
Background technology
Drill bit be in drilling engineering in order to broken bottom rock, form the rock crushing tool of pit shaft.The conventional bit using in drilling engineering now mainly contains tricone bit, PDC drill bit, diamond-impregnated bit and gear wheel-PDC Mixed drilling bit etc.
Wherein PDC drill bit (polycrystalline diamond compact bit) is a kind of drilling tool the most frequently used in current petroleum drilling engineering.Continuous progress along with cutting teeth material technology and drill bit design technology, the flexibility of its unique drilling safety, form of structure and the high-efficient cutting of shearing broken rock, make the stratum accommodation of PDC drill bit in oil/gas drilling engineering more and more wider, worldwide 70% of drilling well total footage number all by PDC drill bit, completed at present according to statistics, occupy absolute critical role.Conventional PDC drill bit is mainly to act on broken bottom rock by " wedging-scrape and cut "; but when drilling well runs into hard plastic formation; cutting teeth on PDC drill bit is often difficult to effective wedging bottom rock, and it is very slow that the rate of penetration of drill bit will become, and be difficult to obtain good drill bit result of use.
In order to tackle this situation, Chinese patent CN 200880016630.0 discloses a kind of " Mixed drilling bit ", this drill bit is by having roller cone and fixing wing combined cut structure, scraping of the broken rock mode of impact crushing of gear wheel and wing can be cut brokenly to rock mode and combine, under specific formation condition, can obtain preferably comprehensive drilling effect.But the deficiency of this drill bit is mainly manifested in: the shock loading that the broken rock of gear wheel produces easily causes the diamond tooth on fixing wing that abnormal inefficacy occurs, and as tipping, delamination, broken teeth or fall tooth etc., to the efficient application of drill bit, brings uncertain factor.Chinese patent CN 201010229371.9 discloses " a kind of composite drill bit with the broken rock of cutting way ", this drill bit has utilized the thought of " can improve efficiency of breaking rock alternately to scrape the broken rock of the form of cutting ", has proposed the runner of the high strength cutting teeths such as a kind of PDC of being installed with tooth and the fixing composite drill bit of the alternate layout of wing." runner-fixedly wing " combined cut structure that this drill bit has can form netted broken region on bottom rock, has efficiency of breaking rock high, even wearing, the advantage such as drilling life of bit is long.Runner described in this drill bit is a kind of passive rotary cutting structure, realizes " slowly replacing working angles " under the reaction force condition of formation rock.But it is a lot of to affect the factor that runner rotatablely moves, as matching relationship, drilling parameter condition and the wheel body of formation rock pattern and mechanical characteristic, wheel body cutting structure and stationary cutting structure and the frictional force of bearing or axle journal etc., so the runner rule that rotatablely moves exists uncertain.Likely vertical with the rotational line velocity attitude of wheel body when the comprehensive driving force direction of revolving of wheel body under some special operation condition, be also dead point operating mode, wheel body will " be blocked " motionless.Now, drill bit cannot be realized " alternately to scrape the broken rock of the form of cutting " effect.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is: for the problem of above-mentioned existence, a kind of PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory is provided, a kind of down-hole transmission mechanism that can produce eccentric swing rotation is combined with PDC drill bit, by the compound motion of this down-hole transmission mechanism and DRILL-STRING SYSTEM, can be PDC drill bit a kind of alternation cutting movement orbiting motion is provided, the one, can form the netted intersection working angles to shaft bottom, increase the wedging ability of Cutter to rock, improve efficiency of breaking rock; The 2nd, become " cutting " broken rock into " alternation plow " broken rock, can improve self-sharpening and the attacking ability of drill bit, be conducive to improve efficiency of breaking rock; The 3rd, the alternation track cutting movement of drill bit has " mandatory ", and reliability is high.At deep bad ground high rigidity, high abrasive stratum, there is obvious technical advantage especially.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory of the present invention, comprise eccentric shaft, shell body, PDC drill bit and cycloid axle, described PDC drill bit is fixedly connected on cycloid axle, described cycloid axle is matched with in shell body can become track eccentric rotary relatively, the eccentric shaft part arranging on described eccentric shaft is matched with in the inner chamber of cycloid axle and forms revolute pair, and the inner flow passage of the inner flow passage of described eccentric shaft, cycloid axle is communicated with the inner flow passage of PDC drill bit.
Owing to having adopted said structure, on eccentric shaft, eccentric shaft part mates formation revolute pair with cycloid axle, when eccentric shaft is rotated, eccentric shaft part drives cycloid axle to do and become track eccentric rotary with respect to shell body, thereby drive PDC drill bit to do alternation cutting movement track, the one, can form the netted intersection working angles to shaft bottom, increase the wedging ability of Cutter to rock, improve efficiency of breaking rock; The 2nd, become " cutting " broken rock into " alternation plow " broken rock, can improve self-sharpening and the attacking ability of drill bit, be conducive to slow down the rate of wear of cutting teeth; The 3rd, the alternation track cutting movement of drill bit has " mandatory ", and reliability is high.At deep bad ground high rigidity, high abrasive stratum, there is obvious technical advantage especially.Be specially: 1, alternation track cutting movement can effectively improve the broken rock drilling efficiency of drill bit.The conventional fixedly movement locus of cutting teeth PDC drill bit in shaft bottom is circle, every tooth is all scraped to cut along the rotational trajectory of each self-retaining and is moved, no matter be that on-the-spot drill bit creeps into and failure mode, or the experiment of indoor drillability can both reflect that the stratum wedging capacity of PDC drill bit under this motion state the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit, particularly, at deep bad ground, this impact is even more serious.And this patent can be realized shaft bottom netted alternation track cutting movement, be conducive to the effective wedging of cutting teeth to rock, be conducive to the fragmentation of rock, and then effectively improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit.2, become " cutting " broken rock and break into " alternation plow " self-sharpening and the attacking ability that rock can improve drill bit.When conventional fixed teeth PDC drill bit is done round track cutting movement in shaft bottom, its cutting linear velocity direction, working face normal direction all immobilize (relatively constant), are also that work anterior angle and the cutting edge inclination of cutting teeth immobilizes.Generally the work anterior angle of conventional bit size and cutting structure anterior angle quite (30 °-10 °), cutting edge inclination less (generally in 5 °), PDC Cutter motion state is in this state called " cutting of negative rake shear blade " state.When PDC Cutter is done alternation track cutting movement, the size of the cutting edge inclination of cutting teeth changes all the time (pressing sine curve rule changes) in motion process.When cutting edge inclination is greatly to a certain extent time, cutting teeth just becomes " plow " with the contact movement state of bottom rock and contacts, and the variation of this cutting state can effectively improve the aggressiveness of drill bit, and then improves the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit.Simultaneously, the variation of cutting edge inclination is two-way, the left and right that the shear blade cutting that changes conventional cutting teeth is cutting teeth under alternation orbiting motion condition replaces twolip cutting, its effect is when increasing cutting teeth friction durability, improve the special in sharp ability of cutting teeth, and then improved the service behaviour of drill bit.3, the alternation track cutting movement of drill bit has mandatory.No matter being gear wheel-PDC composite drill bit or wheeled composite diamond drill bit, is all that fixed teeth cutting structure and wheel body rotate cutting structure and be composited, the rotation of wheel body be by with the reaction force of formation rock as rotary power, be passive rotatablely moving.Affect the factor that wheel body rotatablely moves a lot, as matching relationship, drilling parameter condition and the wheel body of formation rock pattern and mechanical characteristic, wheel body cutting structure and stationary cutting structure and the frictional force of bearing or axle journal etc., so the wheel body rule that rotatablely moves exists uncertain.Likely vertical with the rotational line velocity attitude of wheel body when the comprehensive driving force direction of revolving of wheel body under some special operation condition, be also dead point operating mode, at this moment wheel body will " be blocked " motionless.In laboratory experiment, often can observe the situation that wheel body cannot rotate.In structural concept proposed by the invention, the non-circular curve spinning motion power resources of PDC drill bit are in tool interior, little to its characteristics of motion impact effect with the interreaction force of formation rock, therefore can guarantee " the alternation track cutting movement " of PDC drill bit implementation rule, its functional reliability significantly improves.In the present invention, the circulation of well liquid is by the inner duct of eccentric shaft, the inner duct of cycloid axle by drilling fluid fluid in DRILL-STRING SYSTEM, inner flow passage and nozzle through PDC drill bit enters down-hole annular again, and then set up drilling-fluid circulation system, guarantee the PDC drill bit mud of annotating when producing alternation Cutting trajectory, guarantee normally creeping into of PDC drill bit.
The PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory of the present invention, on the inwall of described shell body, be evenly equipped with some pin tooth groups and form pinwheel structure, the outer wall of described cycloid axle is provided with some cycloid tooths, and described cycloid tooth is meshed with pinwheel structure and forms engaged transmission relation; Or be evenly equipped with some gear teeth on the inwall of described shell body, the outer wall of described cycloid axle is provided with some cycloid tooths, described cycloid tooth is meshed with the gear teeth and forms engaged transmission relation.
Owing to having adopted said structure, the mechanism cooperatively interacting with cycloid axle is set in shell body, the gear teeth structure for example mating with cycloid tooth outside cycloid axle, or as pinwheel structure, make the present invention when driving PDC drill bit to form alternation Cutting trajectory, moment of torsion transmission is produced by two kinds of transfer mode actings in conjunction, the first directly passes to shell body by connecting thread by the rotation torque of DRILL-STRING SYSTEM, gear pair by the pin tooth group on it and cycloid tooth passes to cycloid axle again, and then passes to PDC drill bit by connecting thread; It two is that the moment of torsion of mud motor (as helicoid hydraulic motor, turbodrill etc.) output passes to eccentric shaft through connecting thread, under the external cylindrical surface of eccentric shaft part and the gear pair acting in conjunction of the formed revolute pair of cycloid tooth and pin tooth group and cycloid tooth, pass to cycloid axle again, and then pass to PDC drill bit by connecting thread; Wherein some pin tooth groups are arranged in the pinwheel structure forming on the inwall of shell body, it can form and be similar to gear ring structure, gap between any two adjacent pin tooth groups all can be meshed with cycloid axle, and wherein the quantity of pin tooth group,, the number of teeth of cycloid tooth all can be found power transmission ratio according to actual needs, is convenient to carry out coupling and the transmission of dynamic torque.
The PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory of the present invention, described pinwheel structure comprises the different pin toothholder of some axial heights of being located on shell body inwall, on described pin toothholder, be combined with pin tooth group, make the axial height of every group of pin toothholder identical, wherein said pin tooth group comprises the gear pin being matched with on pin toothholder, on described gear pin, is arranged with pin gear sleeve.
Owing to having adopted said structure, on the inner cylinder face of shell body, be provided with the different pin toothholder of at least 2 group axial heights, this pin toothholder matches with gear pin, the axial height of every group of pin toothholder is identical, in week, upwards evenly arrange, thereby guarantee to coordinate the height of the pinwheel structure forming consistent, and can be intermeshing with cycloid axle, while making eccentric shaft band dynamic cycloid axle become track eccentric rotary, cycloid tooth outside described cycloid axle can with gear pin on pin gear sleeve laminating, and along the direction rotation of pin tooth group, guarantee that cycloid axle can normally become track eccentric rotary.
The PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory of the present invention, described eccentric shaft is threadedly connected on mud motor output, and described shell body is threadedly connected on DRILL-STRING SYSTEM end.
Owing to having adopted said structure, connecting thread on eccentric shaft is connected with the output of the bottom power drilling tool (as helicoid hydraulic motor, turbodrill etc.) of DRILL-STRING SYSTEM in oil drilling, can to eccentric shaft, provide the power of its rotation, guarantee can produce relative rotation between eccentric shaft and shell body simultaneously.Moment of torsion transmission in the present invention is produced by two kinds of transfer mode actings in conjunction, the first directly passes to shell body by connecting thread by the rotation torque of DRILL-STRING SYSTEM, gear pair by the pin tooth group on it and cycloid tooth passes to cycloid axle again, and then passes to PDC drill bit by connecting thread; It two is that the moment of torsion of mud motor (as helicoid hydraulic motor, turbodrill etc.) output passes to eccentric shaft through connecting thread, under the external cylindrical surface of eccentric shaft part and the location formed revolute pair in lower surface of the shaft shoulder and the gear pair acting in conjunction of pin tooth group and cycloid tooth, pass to cycloid axle again, and then pass to PDC drill bit by connecting thread.
The PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory of the present invention, in described engaged transmission relation, gearratio >=7:1 that described eccentric shaft and cycloid axle form, and the eccentric distance e≤6mm of eccentric shaft part on described eccentric shaft.
Owing to having adopted said structure, geometry parameter (the cycloid axle number of teeth, the pin tooth number of teeth, eccentric throw etc.) and kinematics parameters (as eccentric shaft rotating speed, shell body rotating speed etc.) by rational coupling the present embodiment can make PDC Cutter obtain the comparatively shaft bottom alternation cutting movement track of rule, this characteristic can make PDC drill bit that a kind of alternation cutting movement track is provided just, can form the netted intersection working angles to shaft bottom on the one hand, increase the wedging ability of Cutter to rock, improve efficiency of breaking rock; The 2nd, become " cutting " broken rock into " alternation plow " broken rock, can improve self-sharpening and the attacking ability of drill bit; The 3rd, the alternation track cutting movement of drill bit has " mandatory ", and reliability is high.The alternation Cutting trajectory motion that the present invention realizes can significantly improve PDC drill bit stratum wedging ability, improve efficiency of breaking rock, also be conducive to slow down the rate of wear of cutting teeth, particularly deep bad ground high rigidity, high abrasive stratum have obvious technical advantage.
The PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory of the present invention, in described engaged transmission relation, the gearratio that described eccentric shaft and cycloid axle form is 7, and on described eccentric shaft, the eccentric distance e of eccentric shaft part is 6mm.
Owing to having adopted said structure, preferred geometry parameter is in the present invention: cycloid axle, the number of teeth are 7, pin tooth group, the number of teeth are 8, eccentric distance e is 6 o'clock, suppose that mud motor rotating speed is 140 revs/min, when DRILL-STRING SYSTEM rotating speed is 0 rev/min, PDC drill bit, on single tooth can realize movement locus as shown in figure 18; Suppose that mud motor rotating speed is 120 revs/min, when DRILL-STRING SYSTEM rotating speed is 40 revs/min (gearratio i=3), single tooth on PDC drill bit can be realized movement locus as shown in figure 19; Suppose that mud motor rotating speed is 120 revs/min, when DRILL-STRING SYSTEM rotating speed is 60 revs/min (gearratio i=2), single tooth on PDC drill bit can be realized movement locus as shown in figure 20; Supposing to change wherein geometric parameter eccentric distance e is 12, and kinematics parameters mud motor rotating speed is 120 revs/min, and when DRILL-STRING SYSTEM rotating speed is 60 revs/min (gearratio i=2), single tooth on PDC drill bit can be realized movement locus as shown in figure 21.
The PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory of the present invention, the lower contact connecting on described shell body is limited to cycloid axle in shell body, in described lower contact, be provided with capacity eccentric bearing, described PDC drill bit passes the capacity eccentric bearing in lower contact and is threadedly connected to the lower end of cycloid axle; Described eccentric shaft is provided with eccentric shaft part and the location shaft shoulder, wherein between eccentric shaft part and the inner chamber of cycloid axle, be provided with radial thrust bearing group, between the lower surface of described eccentric shaft and cycloid axle, be provided with sealing ring and seal, between the described location shaft shoulder and shell body, be provided with journal bearing.
Owing to having adopted said structure, between described PDC drill bit and lower contact, capacity eccentric bearing is installed, capacity eccentric bearing can be needle roller capacity eccentric bearing, sliding bearing, also can be cylinder roller bearing or double-row conical bearing, or self-aligning roller bearing, PDC drill bit is cantilever structure becoming under track eccentric rotary motion state, and its rigidity of structure and the mechanical stability all duty of more conventional PDC drill bit are low.And set up capacity eccentric bearing, can make " eccentric wheel-PDC drill bit " mechanism become dual-support structure, and then improve the rigidity of structure and mechanical stability, reach good result of use.Between the shaft shoulder of described eccentric shaft and shell body inner surface, journal bearing is installed.Especially, the combination that is no less than two TC type radial thrust bearings that thrust bearings is comprised of bearing inner race, bearing outer ring and rolling element; Journal bearing is needle bearing or sliding bearing or roll-slide combined bearing.Because the change track eccentric rotary of PDC drill bit makes eccentric shaft and cycloid bearing be subject to larger radially asymmetric power, the pressure of the drill of PDC drill bit need be passed to cycloid axle and then be passed to PDC drill bit by eccentric shaft simultaneously.Therefore between eccentric shaft and shell body, between eccentric shaft and cycloid axle, can produce larger contact friction force, for slowing down the impact of this contact friction force on frame for movement fretting wear described in the present embodiment, set up thrust bearings and journal bearing to improve the job stability of the present embodiment and to increase the service life.
The PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory of the present invention, between described PDC drill bit and lower contact, be provided with floating hermetically-sealed construction, described floating hermetically-sealed construction comprises floating ring, gland and sealing ring, wherein on the axial plane of floating ring and sagittal plane, be provided with sealing ring, make to form and seal between PDC drill bit and lower contact, described gland is connected in lower contact, described floating ring, between gland and lower contact, and can become with PDC drill bit track eccentric rotary in the cavity between lower contact and gland.
Owing to having adopted said structure, on the axial and sagittal plane of floating ring, be provided with sealing ring to realize the sealing between PDC drill bit and lower contact, floating ring can be along with becoming track eccentric rotary in the cavity of PDC drill bit between lower contact and gland simultaneously, can realize " floating sealing ", thereby guarantee, between PDC drill bit and lower contact, relative change track eccentric rotary to occur, can form movable sealing again, guarantee sealing effectiveness.Make one aspect of the present invention should there is desirable lubricating condition, should avoid on the other hand hard particles in outside drilling fluid to enter into movement pair surface as far as possible and cause abrasive wear, therefore for improving practicality and the reliability of the present embodiment, sealing mechanism is set very necessary.
The PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory of the present invention, is evenly equipped with some gauges stupefied on the outer wall of described shell body, the stupefied upper surface of described gauge is provided with some passive wear-resisting teeth and/or active gauge teeth; Described PDC drill bit is provided with some wing structures, is furnished with some PDC teeth in described wing structure.
Owing to having adopted said structure, on the external cylindrical surface of shell body, be provided with gauge stupefied, this gauge is stupefied can be vertical bar shape structure, can be also helicoidal structure, its quantity is two or more.PDC drill bit is done alternation track cutting movement, cutting output and the chip-load of cutting teeth on it within a gyration period changes all the time, caused considerable influence therefore to the mechanical stability of PDC drill bit integral body, anti-wear performance and the gauge ability of therefore strengthening gauge structure seem particularly important.By scheme proposed by the invention, can effectively reduce and do alternation track cutting movement because of cutting teeth in this case, and the negative effect that the drilling effect of PDC drill bit integral body is caused.Passive antifriction tooth can effectively reduce because of the laterally uneven too high excessive wear that bit gauge protection structure is caused of drill bit on the one hand, and plays the effect of protection drill body structure.There is the bit gauge protection structure compared with high-wear resistance simultaneously, can be PDC drill bit good righting stabilizing power is provided, be conducive to improve drill bit and creep into performance.On the other hand, how much external diameters of the PDC drill bit in the present invention are less than bored borehole size, at drill bit, do under alternation track cutting movement condition, and gauge teeth or the rule footpath tooth depended merely on bit body are often difficult to meet the requirement to the regular borehole wall in drilling process.Therefore, on the gauge of inventing China and foreign countries' housing is stupefied, introduce initiatively cutting teeth, can effectively improve the gauge ability of the present embodiment, and then improve drilling quality and drill bit drilling ability.Wherein so-called in the present invention " initiatively cutting teeth " is defined as the fixed form of cutting teeth on gauge piece for " the folded angle of stabilizer radial line of the normal direction line of cutting teeth work plane and cutting teeth position point is larger ", generally this angle is not less than 60 °, in this kind of situation, cutting teeth can and be scraped and cut the borehole wall with negative rake wedging, reaches the initiatively effect of gauge; So-called " passive wear-resisting tooth " is defined as the fixed form of cutting teeth on wiper block for " the folded angle of stabilizer radial line of the normal direction line of cutting teeth work plane and cutting teeth position point is less ", this angle is generally less than 10 °, in this kind of situation, cutting teeth only can, with friction and Extrusion mode gauge, be referred to as passive gauge.
In sum, owing to having adopted technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, alternation track cutting movement can effectively improve the broken rock drilling efficiency of drill bit.The conventional fixedly movement locus of cutting teeth PDC drill bit in shaft bottom is circle, every tooth is all scraped to cut along the rotational trajectory of each self-retaining and is moved, no matter be that on-the-spot drill bit creeps into and failure mode, or the experiment of indoor drillability can both reflect that the stratum wedging capacity of PDC drill bit under this motion state the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit, particularly, at deep bad ground, this impact is even more serious.And this patent can be realized shaft bottom netted alternation track cutting movement, be conducive to the effective wedging of cutting teeth to rock, be conducive to the fragmentation of rock, and then effectively improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit.
2, become " cutting " broken rock and break into " alternation plow " self-sharpening and the attacking ability that rock can improve drill bit.When conventional fixed teeth PDC drill bit is done round track cutting movement in shaft bottom, its cutting linear velocity direction, working face normal direction all immobilize (relatively constant), are also that work anterior angle and the cutting edge inclination of cutting teeth immobilizes.Generally the work anterior angle of conventional bit size and cutting structure anterior angle quite (30 °-10 °), cutting edge inclination less (generally in 5 °), PDC Cutter motion state is in this state called " cutting of negative rake shear blade " state.When PDC Cutter is done alternation track cutting movement, the size of the cutting edge inclination of cutting teeth changes all the time (pressing sine curve rule changes) in motion process.When cutting edge inclination is greatly to a certain extent time, cutting teeth just becomes " plow " with the contact movement state of bottom rock and contacts, and the variation of this cutting state can effectively improve the aggressiveness of drill bit, and then improves the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit.Simultaneously, the variation of cutting edge inclination is two-way, the left and right that the shear blade cutting that changes conventional cutting teeth is cutting teeth under alternation orbiting motion condition replaces twolip cutting, its effect is when increasing cutting teeth friction durability, improve the special in sharp ability of cutting teeth, and then improved the service behaviour of drill bit.
3, the alternation track cutting movement of drill bit has mandatory.No matter being gear wheel-PDC composite drill bit or wheeled composite diamond drill bit, is all that fixed teeth cutting structure and wheel body rotate cutting structure and be composited, the rotation of wheel body be by with the reaction force of formation rock as rotary power, be passive rotatablely moving.Affect the factor that wheel body rotatablely moves a lot, as matching relationship, drilling parameter condition and the wheel body of formation rock pattern and mechanical characteristic, wheel body cutting structure and stationary cutting structure and the frictional force of bearing or axle journal etc., so the wheel body rule that rotatablely moves exists uncertain.Likely vertical with the rotational line velocity attitude of wheel body when the comprehensive driving force direction of revolving of wheel body under some special operation condition, be also dead point operating mode, at this moment wheel body will " be blocked " motionless.In laboratory experiment, often can observe the situation that wheel body cannot rotate.In structural concept proposed by the invention, the non-circular curve spinning motion power resources of PDC drill bit are in tool interior, little to its characteristics of motion impact effect with the interreaction force of formation rock, therefore can guarantee " the alternation track cutting movement " of PDC drill bit implementation rule, its functional reliability significantly improves.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional assembling drawing of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure composition diagram of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the syndeton schematic diagram of embodiment 1 and DRILL-STRING SYSTEM in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to sectional view.
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of the eccentric shaft of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structure chart of the shell body of embodiment 1 in the present invention, and shown in this figure, part is broken away to show its internal construction.
Fig. 7 is the eccentric structure chart of embodiment 1 in the present invention, and shown in this figure, part is broken away to show its internal construction.
Fig. 8 is the structure chart of the lower contact of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the structure chart of the PDC drill bit of embodiment 1 in this present invention.
Figure 10 is the three-dimensional assembling drawing of embodiment 2 in the present invention.
Figure 11 is the inner cylinder face upper pin gear seat distributed architecture schematic diagram of the shell body of embodiment 3 in the present invention.
Figure 12 is the structure composition diagram of embodiment 4 in the present invention.
Figure 13 is the assembling drawing of embodiment 5 in the present invention.
Figure 14 is the assembling drawing of embodiment 6 in the present invention.
Figure 15 is the I partial view in the assembling drawing of embodiment 6 in the present invention.
Figure 16 is the II partial view in the assembling drawing of embodiment 6 in the present invention.
Figure 17 is the kinematic sketch of mechanism of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Figure 18 is a kind of cutting teeth shaft bottom trajectory of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Figure 19 is the second cutting teeth shaft bottom trajectory of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Figure 20 is the third cutting teeth shaft bottom trajectory of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Figure 21 is the 4th kind of cutting teeth shaft bottom trajectory of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Figure 22 is the structural representation of embodiment 7 in the present invention;
Figure 23 is the structure chart of embodiment 7 China and foreign countries' housings in the present invention, and shown in this figure, part is broken away to show its internal construction.
Mark in figure: 1-eccentric shaft; 2-shell body; 3-PDC drill bit; 4-cycloid axle; 5-pin tooth group; 6-lower contact; 7-capacity eccentric bearing; 8-mud motor output; 9-DRILL-STRING SYSTEM end; 10-radial thrust bearing group; 11-connecting thread; The eccentric shaft part of 12-; 13-locates the shaft shoulder; 15-journal bearing; 16-sealing ring; 17-floating hermetically-sealed construction; 17a-floating ring; 17b-gland; 17c-fastening bolt; 17d-sealing ring; 17e-spring washer; 21-gauge is stupefied; The upper connecting thread of 22-shell body; The lower connecting thread of 23-shell body; 24-pin toothholder; 25-shell body unload buckle side; The connecting thread of 31-PDC drill bit; Wing structure on 32-PDC drill bit; The structural PDC tooth of 33-wing; 41-cycloid tooth; 42-eccentric wheel connecting thread; 43-puts profile line outward; The external cylindrical surface of the 1a-location shaft shoulder; The lower surface of the 1b-location shaft shoulder; The external cylindrical surface of the eccentric shaft part of 1c-; The upper surface of the lower surface of 1d-eccentric shaft, 4a-cycloid axle; The inner cylinder face of 4b-cycloid axle; The inner face of 4c-cycloid axle; 51-gear pin; 52-pin gear sleeve; The connecting thread of 61-lower contact; 62-lower contact unload buckle side; 6a-upper surface; 6b-lower surface; The passive wear-resisting tooth of 211-; 212-is gauge teeth initiatively.
The specific embodiment
Disclosed all features in this manual, or the step in disclosed all methods or process, except mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can combine by any way.
Disclosed arbitrary feature in this manual (comprising any accessory claim, summary), unless narration especially all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object.That is,, unless narration especially, each feature is an example in a series of equivalences or similar characteristics.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1 to 9, the PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory of the present invention, it is comprised of eccentric shaft 1, shell body 2, PDC drill bit 3, cycloid axle 4, pin tooth group 5, lower contact 6, and pin tooth group 5 is comprised of some gear pins 51 and pin gear sleeve 52.Wherein:
As shown in Figure 5, one end of eccentric shaft 1 is provided with connecting thread 11, and middle part is provided with the location shaft shoulder 13, and the center to center distance between the geometric center of eccentric shaft part 12 and the geometric center of eccentric shaft body is e.
As shown in Figure 6, the both ends up and down of shell body 2 are provided with respectively connecting thread 22 and 23.On external cylindrical surface, be provided with gauge stupefied 21, this gauge stupefied 21 can be vertical bar shape structure, can be also helicoidal structure, and its quantity is two or more.In the upper end of shell body 2, be provided with and axially unload buckle side 25, this unloads buckle side in pairs and be arranged symmetrically with.On the inner cylinder face of shell body 2, be provided with the different pin toothholder 24 of at least 2 group axial heights, this pin toothholder matches with gear pin 5, and the axial height of every group of pin toothholder is identical, in week, upwards evenly arranges.
As shown in Figure 7, the bottom of cycloid axle 4 is provided with connecting thread 42, is provided with cycloid tooth 41 on its external cylindrical surface, and the quantity of the gearratio that its number of teeth is exported by the present invention and gear pin 5 is definite, and its inside is ladder pore passage structure.
As shown in Figure 8, one end of lower contact 6 is provided with connecting thread 61, is provided with and unloads buckle side 62 on external cylindrical surface, and this unloads buckle side in pairs and be arranged symmetrically with, and inside is straight hole or ladder pore passage structure.
As shown in Figure 9, PDC drill bit 3 is basic identical with conventional PDC drill bit, and there is connecting thread 31 its one end, is provided with some wings 32 on the cutting structure of the other end, is fixed with some PDC teeth 33 on wing 32.
In the present embodiment, the assembly relation of each related component is: the connecting thread 14 on eccentric shaft 1 is connected with the output 8 of the bottom power drilling tool (as helicoid hydraulic motor, turbodrill etc.) of DRILL-STRING SYSTEM in oil drilling.Eccentric shaft part 12 is inserted in the inner duct of cycloid axle and forms revolute pair, the location external cylindrical surface of the shaft shoulder 13 and the inner cylinder face of shell body 2 formation revolute pair, and form positioning relation.On shell body 2, connecting thread 22 is connected and fixed with DRILL-STRING SYSTEM end 9, and lower connecting thread 23 is connected to a fixed with the connecting thread 61 of lower contact 6.Gear pin 51 coordinates between two and forms pinwheel structure with pin toothholder 24 with pin gear sleeve 52 and gear pin 51, and the cycloid tooth 41 on cycloid axle 4 matches with above-mentioned pinwheel structure, and forms meshing relation.Wherein, the axial location of pin tooth group 5 is to realize by the location lower surface 1b of the shaft shoulder 13 and the upper surface 6a of lower contact 6.PDC drill bit 3 is connected to a fixed by the connecting thread 31 on it and the connecting thread 42 of cycloid axle 4 bottoms.
In the present embodiment as this PDC bit tool can normally be worked (continuing to creep into brokenly rock), need to meet three conditions, the one, can sustained delivery the pressure of the drill to PDC drill bit, the 2nd, sustained delivery moment of torsion is to PDC drill bit, the 3rd, can set up circulation of drilling fluid path.Load transfer mode in the present embodiment is through connecting thread 14, to pass to eccentric shaft 1 from DRILL-STRING SYSTEM the pressure of the drill, passes to the 4a face of cycloid axle 4 through the 1b of eccentric shaft face, then passes to PDC drill bit 3 through connecting thread 42 and end face thereof; Or through the 1d of eccentric shaft face, pass to the 4c face of cycloid axle 4, then pass to PDC drill bit 3 through connecting thread 42 and end face thereof, and then realize the load transfer of the present embodiment.Moment of torsion transmission in the present embodiment is produced by two kinds of transfer mode actings in conjunction, the first directly passes to shell body 2 by connecting thread 22 by the rotation torque of DRILL-STRING SYSTEM, by the pin tooth group 5 on it and the gear pair of cycloid tooth 41, pass to cycloid axle 4 again, and then pass to PDC drill bit 3 by connecting thread 42; It two is that the moment of torsion of mud motor (as helicoid hydraulic motor, turbodrill etc.) output passes to eccentric shaft 1 through connecting thread 14, under the gear pair acting in conjunction of 1c face and the formed revolute pair of 4b face and pin tooth group 5 and cycloid tooth 41, pass to cycloid axle 4 again, and then pass to PDC drill bit 3 by connecting thread 42.Circulation of drilling fluid in the present embodiment be by drilling fluid fluid in DRILL-STRING SYSTEM by the inner duct of eccentric shaft 1, the inner duct of cycloid axle 4, then enter down-hole annular through inner flow passage and the nozzle of PDC drill bit, and then set up drilling-fluid circulation system.
" alternation Cutting trajectory " characteristic having with regard to the present embodiment is below further analyzed.
As the kinematic sketch of mechanism that Figure 17 is the present embodiment, the gearratio of establishing 4, eccentric shaft 1 and cycloid axle is i ', and the eccentric throw of eccentric shaft part is e.Get respectively the geometrical structure parameter of the present embodiment: cycloid axle 1 number of teeth is 7, pin tooth group 5 numbers of teeth are 8, and eccentric distance e is 6 o'clock, suppose that mud motor rotating speed is 140 revs/min, when DRILL-STRING SYSTEM rotating speed is 0 rev/min, single the tooth 33 on PDC drill bit 3 can be realized movement locus as shown in figure 18; Suppose that mud motor rotating speed is 120 revs/min, when DRILL-STRING SYSTEM rotating speed is 40 revs/min (gearratio i=3), single the tooth 33 on PDC drill bit 3 can be realized movement locus as shown in figure 19; Suppose that mud motor rotating speed is 120 revs/min, when DRILL-STRING SYSTEM rotating speed is 60 revs/min (gearratio i=2), single the tooth 33 on PDC drill bit 3 can be realized movement locus as shown in figure 20; Supposing to change geometric parameter eccentric distance e in the present embodiment is 12, kinematics parameters mud motor rotating speed is 120 revs/min, when DRILL-STRING SYSTEM rotating speed is 60 revs/min (gearratio i=2), single the tooth 33 on PDC drill bit 3 can be realized movement locus as shown in figure 21.Kinematics trajectory analysis from above-mentioned the present embodiment, geometry parameter (the cycloid axle number of teeth, the pin tooth number of teeth, eccentric throw etc.) and kinematics parameters (as eccentric shaft rotating speed, shell body rotating speed etc.) by rational coupling the present embodiment can make PDC Cutter obtain the comparatively shaft bottom alternation cutting movement track of rule, and this characteristic can make PDC drill bit obtain as " summary of the invention " mentioned beneficial effect in patent of the present invention just.Therefore, the alternation Cutting trajectory motion that the present invention realizes can significantly improve PDC drill bit stratum wedging ability, improve efficiency of breaking rock, be also conducive to slow down the rate of wear of cutting teeth, particularly deep bad ground high rigidity, high abrasive stratum have obvious technical advantage.Wherein i is the gearratio of mud motor and DRILL-STRING SYSTEM, and i ' is the gearratio between eccentric shaft 4 and Cycloidal Wheel 41.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in figure 10, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and its difference is: in described gauge stupefied 21, be fixed with passive wear-resisting tooth 211 or active cutting teeth 212, or be fixed with passive antifriction tooth 211 and active cutting teeth 212 simultaneously.
Under desirable drilling condition, (" desirable drilling condition " refers to that PDC drill bit is creeping in rock break-off process to conventional PDC drill bit here, under the drill bit centre of gyration and well track center superposition or the approximate duty overlapping) cutting output and the chip-load of cutting teeth within a gyration period change not quite, therefore its mechanical stability better (under desirable drilling condition, the horizontal out-of-balance force of most PDC drill bits and the ratio of axial force can be controlled in 5% level).
And in the present embodiment, PDC drill bit is done alternation track cutting movement, cutting output and the chip-load of cutting teeth on it within a gyration period changes all the time, caused considerable influence therefore to the mechanical stability of PDC drill bit integral body, anti-wear performance and the gauge ability of therefore strengthening the gauge structure in the present embodiment seem particularly important.The scheme proposing by the present embodiment in this case can effectively reduce does the negative effect that alternation track cutting movement causes the drilling effect of PDC drill bit integral body because of cutting teeth.Passive antifriction tooth can effectively reduce because of the laterally uneven too high excessive wear that bit gauge protection structure is caused of drill bit on the one hand, and plays the effect of protection drill body structure.Have simultaneously and compared with the bit gauge protection structure of high-wear resistance, can be PDC drill bit good righting stabilizing power is provided, be conducive to improve drill bit and creep into performance.On the other hand, how much external diameters of the PDC drill bit in main the present embodiment are less than bored borehole size, at drill bit, do under alternation track cutting movement condition, and gauge teeth or the rule footpath tooth depended merely on bit body are often difficult to meet the requirement to the regular borehole wall in drilling process.Therefore, the stupefied upper introducing of the gauge of shell body is in the present embodiment cutting teeth initiatively, can effectively improve the gauge ability of the present embodiment, and then improves drilling quality and drill bit drilling ability.
In the present embodiment, so-called " initiatively cutting teeth " is defined as the fixed form of cutting teeth on gauge piece for " the folded angle of stabilizer radial line of the normal direction line of cutting teeth work plane and cutting teeth position point is larger ", generally this angle is not less than 60 °, in this kind of situation, cutting teeth can and be scraped and cut the borehole wall with negative rake wedging, reaches the initiatively effect of gauge; So-called " passive wear-resisting tooth " is defined as the fixed form of cutting teeth on wiper block for " the folded angle of stabilizer radial line of the normal direction line of cutting teeth work plane and cutting teeth position point is less ", this angle is generally less than 10 °, in this kind of situation, cutting teeth only can, with friction and Extrusion mode gauge, be referred to as passive gauge.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in figure 11, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 2, and its difference is: on shell body 2 inner cylinder faces, axially vertical arrangement three row or pin toothholders 24 more than three row.
In the present embodiment, because PDC drill bit is directly connected with cycloid axle, the load of bearing comprises axial compression, moment of torsion and moment of flexure etc., and particularly, under hard formation or heterogeneity stratum drilling condition, the temporary impact load of PDC drill bit is very high.Therefore between cycloid axle and pin tooth group, the fluctuation of the radial load of engagement force is larger in the present embodiment, the nonunf ormity of axial load is also very large, for improving stability and the reliability of pin tooth in engaged transmission, spy arranges three row or the above pin toothholder of three row, and in order to support gear pin and pin gear sleeve.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in figure 12, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 3, and its difference is: between described PDC drill bit 3 and lower contact 6, capacity eccentric bearing 7 is installed.Capacity eccentric bearing 7 can be needle roller capacity eccentric bearing, sliding bearing, can be also cylinder roller bearing or double-row conical bearing, or self-aligning roller bearing.
In the present embodiment, PDC drill bit 3 is cantilever structure becoming under track eccentric rotary motion state, and its rigidity of structure and the mechanical stability all duty of more conventional PDC drill bit are low.Introduce in the present embodiment capacity eccentric bearing 7, can make " eccentric wheel-PDC drill bit " mechanism become dual-support structure, and then improve the rigidity of structure and the mechanical stability of the present embodiment, reach good practical function.
Embodiment 5:
As shown in figure 13, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 4, and its difference is: between the eccentric shaft part 12 of described eccentric shaft 2 and cycloid axle 4 inner surface 4b, thrust bearings 10 is installed; Between the shaft shoulder 13 of described eccentric shaft 1 and shell body 2 inner surfaces, journal bearing 15 is installed.Especially, the combination that is no less than 2 liang of TC type radial thrust bearings that thrust bearings 10 is comprised of bearing inner race, bearing outer ring and rolling element; Journal bearing 15 is needle bearing or sliding bearing or roll-slide combined bearing.
In the present embodiment, because the change track eccentric rotary of PDC drill bit makes eccentric shaft and cycloid bearing be subject to larger radially asymmetric power, the pressure of the drill of PDC drill bit need be passed to cycloid axle and then be passed to PDC drill bit by eccentric shaft simultaneously.Therefore between eccentric shaft and shell body, between eccentric shaft and cycloid axle, can produce larger contact friction force, for slowing down the impact of this contact friction force on frame for movement fretting wear described in the present embodiment, special thrust bearings 10 described in the present embodiment and the journal bearing 15 introduced is to improve the job stability of the present embodiment and to increase the service life.
Embodiment 6:
As shown in Figure 14, Figure 15 and Figure 16, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 5, and its difference is: between the eccentric shaft part 12 lower surface 1d of described eccentric shaft 1 and the end face 4c of cycloid axle 4, be provided with sealing ring 16; Between lower contact 6 and PDC drill bit 3, be provided with floating hermetically-sealed construction 17.
In the present embodiment, be respectively arranged with thrust bearings 10, journal bearing 15 and cycloidal pin gear engaging mechanism, these mechanisms or member were had relatively high expectations to working environment in working.On the one hand should there is desirable lubricating condition, should avoid on the other hand hard particles in outside drilling fluid to enter into movement pair surface as far as possible and cause abrasive wear, therefore, for improving practicality and the reliability of the present embodiment, sealing mechanism is set very necessary.
In the present embodiment, floating hermetically-sealed construction 17 is by floating ring 17a, gland 17b, fastening bolt 17c, the compositions such as sealing ring 17d and 17e spring washer.On the axial and sagittal plane of floating ring 17a, be provided with sealing ring to realize the sealing between PDC drill bit and lower contact, floating ring can, along with becoming track eccentric rotary in the cavity of PDC drill bit between lower contact and gland, can be realized " floating sealing " simultaneously.
Embodiment 7:
As shown in Figure 22 and 23, this embodiment is same as the previously described embodiments, its difference is: by the pin wheel gear of arranging on shell body inwall, replace with some gear teeth 20 of the present embodiment, these gear teeth 20 are located on shell body inwall and can be meshed with the cycloid tooth 41 on cycloid axle 4 outer walls, for transferring power moment of torsion.Certainly known according to this example, pinwheel structure can also adopt the gear ring structure, planetary wheeling mechanism of other similar functions etc., can be used for coupling and transferring power.
Known by above-described embodiment, the PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory of the present invention, a kind of down-hole transmission mechanism that can produce eccentric swing rotation is combined with PDC drill bit, by the compound motion of this down-hole transmission mechanism and DRILL-STRING SYSTEM, can be PDC drill bit a kind of alternation cutting movement track is provided, the one, can form the netted intersection working angles to shaft bottom, increase the wedging ability of Cutter to rock, improve efficiency of breaking rock; The 2nd, become " cutting " broken rock into " alternation plow " broken rock, can improve self-sharpening and the attacking ability of drill bit, be conducive to slow down the rate of wear of cutting teeth; The 3rd, the alternation track cutting movement of drill bit has " mandatory ", and reliability is high.At deep bad ground high rigidity, high abrasive stratum, there is obvious technical advantage especially.Be specially: the first, alternation track cutting movement can effectively improve the broken rock drilling efficiency of drill bit.The conventional fixedly movement locus of cutting teeth PDC drill bit in shaft bottom is circle, every tooth is all scraped to cut along the rotational trajectory of each self-retaining and is moved, no matter be that on-the-spot drill bit creeps into and failure mode, or the experiment of indoor drillability can both reflect that the stratum wedging capacity of PDC drill bit under this motion state the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit, particularly, at deep bad ground, this impact is even more serious.And this patent can be realized shaft bottom netted alternation track cutting movement, be conducive to the effective wedging of cutting teeth to rock, be conducive to the fragmentation of rock, and then effectively improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit.The second, become " cutting " broken rock and break into " alternation plow " self-sharpening and the attacking ability that rock can improve drill bit.When conventional fixed teeth PDC drill bit is done round track cutting movement in shaft bottom, its cutting linear velocity direction, working face normal direction all immobilize (relatively constant), are also that work anterior angle and the cutting edge inclination of cutting teeth immobilizes.Generally the work anterior angle of conventional bit size and cutting structure anterior angle quite (30 °-10 °), cutting edge inclination less (generally in 5 °), PDC Cutter motion state is in this state called " cutting of negative rake shear blade " state.When PDC Cutter is done alternation track cutting movement, the size of the cutting edge inclination of cutting teeth changes all the time (pressing sine curve rule changes) in motion process.When cutting edge inclination is greatly to a certain extent time, cutting teeth just becomes " plow " with the contact movement state of bottom rock and contacts, and the variation of this cutting state can effectively improve the aggressiveness of drill bit, and then improves the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit.Simultaneously, the variation of cutting edge inclination is two-way, the left and right that the shear blade cutting that changes conventional cutting teeth is cutting teeth under alternation orbiting motion condition replaces twolip cutting, its effect is when increasing cutting teeth friction durability, improve the special in sharp ability of cutting teeth, and then improved the service behaviour of drill bit.Three, the alternation track cutting movement of drill bit has mandatory.No matter being gear wheel-PDC composite drill bit or wheeled composite diamond drill bit, is all that fixed teeth cutting structure and wheel body rotate cutting structure and be composited, the rotation of wheel body be by with the reaction force of formation rock as rotary power, be passive rotatablely moving.Affect the factor that wheel body rotatablely moves a lot, as matching relationship, drilling parameter condition and the wheel body of formation rock pattern and mechanical characteristic, wheel body cutting structure and stationary cutting structure and the frictional force of bearing or axle journal etc., so the wheel body rule that rotatablely moves exists uncertain.Likely vertical with the rotational line velocity attitude of wheel body when the comprehensive driving force direction of revolving of wheel body under some special operation condition, be also dead point operating mode, at this moment wheel body will " be blocked " motionless.In laboratory experiment, often can observe the situation that wheel body cannot rotate.In structural concept proposed by the invention, the non-circular curve spinning motion power resources of PDC drill bit are in tool interior, little to its characteristics of motion impact effect with the interreaction force of formation rock, therefore can guarantee " the alternation track cutting movement " of PDC drill bit implementation rule, its functional reliability significantly improves.
The present invention is not limited to the aforesaid specific embodiment.The present invention expands to any new feature or any new combination disclosing in this manual, and the arbitrary new method disclosing or step or any new combination of process.
Claims (10)
1. a PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory, it is characterized in that: it comprises eccentric shaft (1), shell body (2), PDC drill bit (3) and cycloid axle (4), described PDC drill bit (3) is fixedly connected on cycloid axle (4), described cycloid axle (4) is matched with in shell body (2) can become track eccentric rotary relatively, the upper eccentric shaft part (12) arranging of described eccentric shaft (1) is matched with in the inner chamber of cycloid axle (4) and forms revolute pair, the inner flow passage of described eccentric shaft (1), the inner flow passage of cycloid axle (4) is communicated with the inner flow passage of PDC drill bit (3).
2. the PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: on the inwall of described shell body (2), be evenly equipped with some pin tooth groups (5) and form pinwheel structure, the outer wall of described cycloid axle (4) is provided with some cycloid tooths (41), and described cycloid tooth (41) is meshed with pinwheel structure and forms engaged transmission relation;
Or be evenly equipped with some gear teeth (20) on the inwall of described shell body (2), the outer wall of described cycloid axle (4) is provided with some cycloid tooths (41), described cycloid tooth (41) is meshed with the gear teeth (20) and forms engaged transmission relation.
3. the PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described pinwheel structure comprises the different pin toothholder (24) of some axial heights of being located on shell body (2) inwall, on described pin toothholder (24), be combined with pin tooth group (5), make the axial height of every group of pin toothholder (24) identical, wherein said pin tooth group (5) comprises the gear pin (51) being matched with on pin toothholder (24), is arranged with pin gear sleeve (52) on described gear pin (51).
4. the PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: it is upper that described eccentric shaft (1) is threadedly connected to mud motor output (8), and described shell body (2) is threadedly connected on DRILL-STRING SYSTEM end (9).
5. the PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory as described in one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: in described engaged transmission relation, gearratio >=7:1 that described eccentric shaft (1) and cycloid axle (4) form, and the eccentric distance e≤6mm of the upper eccentric shaft part (12) of described eccentric shaft (1).
6. the PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: in described engaged transmission relation, described eccentric shaft (1) is 7 with the gearratio that cycloid axle (4) forms, and the eccentric distance e of the upper eccentric shaft part (12) of described eccentric shaft (1) is 6mm.
7. the PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory as described in one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: the upper lower contact (6) connecting of described shell body (2) is limited to cycloid axle (4) in shell body (2), in described lower contact (6), be provided with capacity eccentric bearing (7), described PDC drill bit (3) passes the capacity eccentric bearing (7) in lower contact (6) and is threadedly connected to the lower end of cycloid axle (4).
8. the PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory as described in one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: between described PDC drill bit (3) and lower contact (6), be provided with floating hermetically-sealed construction (17), described floating hermetically-sealed construction (17) comprises floating ring (17a), gland (17b) and sealing ring (17d), wherein on the axial plane of floating ring (17a) and sagittal plane, be provided with sealing ring (17d), make to form and seal between PDC drill bit (3) and lower contact (6), described gland (17b) is connected in lower contact (6), described floating ring (17a) is positioned between gland (17b) and lower contact (6), and can in the cavity between lower contact (6) and gland (17b), become with PDC drill bit (3) track eccentric rotary.
9. the PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory as described in one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that: described eccentric shaft (1) is provided with eccentric shaft part (12) and the location shaft shoulder (13), wherein between eccentric shaft part (12) and the inner chamber of cycloid axle (4), be provided with radial thrust bearing group (10), between the lower surface of described eccentric shaft and cycloid axle (4), be provided with sealing ring (16) and seal, between the described location shaft shoulder (13) and shell body (2), be provided with journal bearing (15).
10. the PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory as described in one of claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that: on the outer wall of described shell body (2), be evenly equipped with some gauges stupefied (21), described gauge stupefied (21) is provided with some passive wear-resisting teeth (211) and/or active gauge teeth (212); Described PDC drill bit (3) is provided with some wing structures, is furnished with some PDC teeth in described wing structure.
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| CN113775295A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2021-12-10 | 西南石油大学 | Drill bit design method for tracking global equality of rock strength of rock breaking well bottom of drill bit |
| CN114559076A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-31 | 北京航空航天大学 | Eccentric bushing grinding tool for composite material ultrasonic bushing hole |
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Effective date of registration: 20181119 Address after: 610000 Chenghua District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, No. 3 Chengji Road, Longtan Industrial Park Patentee after: Sichuan Gem Machinery Petroleum Bit Co., Ltd. Address before: 610500 Xindu Road, Xindu District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, No. 8 Patentee before: Southwest Petroleum University |