CN104763348A - Embedded bionic nozzle type drilling and expanding integral drilling tool and drilling and hole expandin method thereof - Google Patents
Embedded bionic nozzle type drilling and expanding integral drilling tool and drilling and hole expandin method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104763348A CN104763348A CN201510098055.5A CN201510098055A CN104763348A CN 104763348 A CN104763348 A CN 104763348A CN 201510098055 A CN201510098055 A CN 201510098055A CN 104763348 A CN104763348 A CN 104763348A
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- nozzle
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- drilling tool
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
- E21B10/61—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids characterised by the nozzle structure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
Abstract
The invention relates to an embedded bionic nozzle type drilling and expanding integral drilling tool. The embedded bionic nozzle type drilling and expanding integral drilling tool comprises a diamond-impregnated drill bit, a transition joint, a multi-stage hole expanding device and an impacter; one end of the multi-stage hole expanding device is in sealing connection with one end of the transition joint through threads, and while the other end of the multi-stage hole expanding device is in sealing connection with one end of the impacter through the threads; the diamond-impregnated drill bit is arranged at one end of the transition joint, far away from the multi-stage hole expanding device; the multi-stage hole expanding device comprises a drill bit body and a cutting ring; a central channel which passes through the whole drill bit body is arranged in the drill bit body; the cutting ring is of a multi-stage form and arranged in the middle part of the drill bit body; the cutting diameter of the multi-stage cutting ring is gradually reduced in the hole expanding and drilling direction; the cutting ring at each stage is composed of a plurality of cutting units which are circumferentially uniformly arranged along the drill bit body. The embedded bionic nozzle type drilling and expanding integral drilling tool has the advantages that the hole drilling and expanding can be synchronously performed for the rock, so that the traditional construction work time can be greatly reduced, and moreover, the construction cost can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The brill that the present invention relates to the bionical nozzle of a kind of build-in expands integral type drilling tool and bores expanding method.
Background technology
Slip casting (Injection Grout), is also called grouting (Grouting), is the technological means that engineering field Rock And Soil reinforcing anti-seepage and the geological hazard controls etc. such as mine, water conservancy and hydropower, traffic, building are conventional.It is that the material with Filling Cementation performance is become slurries according to certain proportional arrangement; and use grouting equipment to be injected in stratum (Rock And Soil) by Grouting Pipe; slurries spread in Rock And Soil with infiltration, filling, splitting, the mode such as compacted; along with condensation, the sclerosis of slurries; in the space on stratum, form that structure is more complete, waterproof impervious characteristic is high and " Seed harvest " that chemical stability is good or " gel "; simultaneously also can by originally loose grogs or crack etc. are cementing as a whole, to reach the object of reinforcing by note stratum or impervious leakage-stopping.For the construction of slip casting, anchor bar/anchor cable, bored pile etc., and the exploration of gas hydrates, oil shale, shale gas, oil/gas, underground water etc. or exploitation, the first step of the technological process usually taked is all the boring being drilled to certain specification on request, thus for follow-uply injecting slurries in Rock And Soil, insert anchor bar/anchor cable, transfer reinforcing cage and build pile, or under enter suitable exploration or Mining Equipment etc. and prepare.
In the process of drilling and forming hole, the drilling tool that tradition adopts and boring method mostly are the bore operation that employing drill bit carries out, and this can only be drilled to the aperture single borehole consistent with drill bit specification.Sometimes may because of some unpredictable factors (such as hole wall instability cause Borehole Diameter, cave in), or change drilling design requirement due to Party A temporarily, in order to meet the drilling design requirement that Party A proposes, the path boring to being previously drilled to is needed to carry out reaming to increase its aperture, to transfer more wide-aperture slip casting pipe or miscellaneous equipment etc., now way conveniently, just can only change a bigbore drill bit from earth's surface cleaning bottom of hole or the aperture that adopts reamer to carry out reaming to reach required to make boring again downwards, the former, the method changing a bigbore drill bit downward cleaning bottom of hole again from earth's surface can not give full play to the usefulness of green bit, the kata-rocks soil body is cut when creeping into because the green bit now changed is only part that drill bit circumference outer ring contacts with Rock And Soil in the process of cleaning bottom of hole, and the drill bit circumference inner round portion do not contacted with Rock And Soil does not from first to last play a role all the time, until when after using this green bit to complete cleaning bottom of hole work, drill bit circumference outer perimeter section is scrapped, the circumference inner round portion of this drill bit did not still use, and this can cause the waste of green bit undoubtedly, the latter, when adopting reamer to carry out reaming to the path boring be previously drilled to, although the aperture being previously drilled to path boring can be increased, but the degree of depth that reamer can complete reaming is generally maximum is only the hole depth being previously drilled to path boring, after completing ream operation, the path boring deepening further to be previously drilled to if think, then need to carry bore reamer is replaced with the suitable drill bit of size again after drilling tool is transferred then creep into downwards at the bottom of hole again, this process wastes time and energy beyond doubt, not only increase the non-cutting time carried and boring with more bit change, also reduce the operating efficiency boring reaming construction simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The brill that technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the bionical nozzle of a kind of build-in expands integral type drilling tool and bores expanding method, solves the deficiencies in the prior art.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: the brill of the bionical nozzle of a kind of build-in expands integral type drilling tool, and it comprises diamond-impregnated bit, transit joint, multistage reamer, impactor; One end of described multistage reamer is connected by thread seal with between one end of described transit joint, and the other end of described multistage reamer is connected by thread seal with between one end of described impactor; Described diamond-impregnated bit is arranged on described transit joint one end away from described multistage reamer; Described multistage reamer comprises drill body, cutting ring; Described drill body inside is provided with the central passage of through whole described drill body; Described cutting ring is set to multistage, and multistage described cutting ring is arranged on the middle part of described drill body, and successively decreases in the direction that the cutting diameter of multistage described cutting ring creeps into along reaming; Multiple cutting units that every grade of described cutting ring is evenly laid by the circumference along described drill body form.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: utilize the present invention can implement boring and reaming two construction operation programs in Rock And Soil simultaneously.Can realize simultaneously torsion impact device combine the efficient revolution Cutting Rock mode of multistage reamer and diamond-impregnated bit under brill reaming construction operation, or hydraulic impacter combines the brill reaming construction operation under the impact rotating detritus mode of multistage reamer and diamond-impregnated bit; In addition, can also utilize high pressure (the being greater than 10MPa) jet sprayed from several bionical nozzles and advanced jet expansion high speed (being greater than 40m/s) auxiliary multi-stage reamer and diamond-impregnated bit carry out the Rock And Soil arround the broken hole wall of (in advance) erosion in advance and at the bottom of hole respectively simultaneously.
Further: between described cutting unit adjacent in every grade of described cutting ring, to be provided with the skewed through hole having mud jacking liquid to discharge for constantly being circulated in direct circulation mode described drill body inside; The port of export build-in of a described through hole is had at least to have bionical nozzle.
Further: also to comprise advanced nozzle; Described transit joint inside is provided with the center slurry channels be connected with the central passage of described drill body; One end of described advanced nozzle is connected with the thread seal be positioned in the middle part of the slurry channels of described center on internal face, and the other end of described advanced nozzle stretches in the central through hole of described diamond-impregnated bit.
Further: the middle part of described center slurry channels is provided with advanced nozzle described in the Screw assembly limit in the middle part of described advanced nozzle and described transit joint on internal face and twists the limited step that button bit puts.
Further: aperture 5 to the 20mm less of the aperture of the bionical jet expansion of described bionical nozzle of the advanced jet expansion of described advanced nozzle.
Further: described cutting unit comprises cutting element, steel body and impregnated with diamond bar; Described steel body is fixed on the periphery outside described drill body; Described cutting element build-in is on described steel body; Described impregnated with diamond bar is arranged on the outside of described steel body.
Further: multistage described cutting ring is the secondary cutting ring near described impactor and the one-level cutting ring near described transit joint; At a distance of 20 to 70cm between described one-level cutting ring and described secondary cutting ring.
Further: described bionical nozzle and described through hole one-body molded, or described bionical nozzle by the fixed form build-in of screw thread, welding or interference fit in the port of export place of described through hole.
Further: the angle between the axis of described through hole and the axis of described drill body is 30 ° to 60 °.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: the brill of the bionical nozzle of a kind of build-in expands the brill expanding method of integral type drilling tool, when using the brill of the bionical nozzle of above-mentioned build-in to expand integral type drilling tool, what need the brill to the bionical nozzle of described build-in to expand in integral type drilling tool to provide constantly to circulate in direct circulation mode has mud jacking liquid; Described slurries adopt low solid phase or unfixed phase slurry.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1-1 bores the threedimensional model schematic diagram expanding integral type entire drill tool when connecting torsion impact device;
Fig. 1-2 bores the threedimensional model schematic diagram expanding integral type entire drill tool when connecting hydraulic impacter;
Fig. 2-1 bores the threedimensional model schematic diagram expanding each isolation of components of integral type drilling tool and come when connecting torsion impact device;
Fig. 2-2 bores the threedimensional model schematic diagram expanding each isolation of components of integral type drilling tool and come when connecting hydraulic impacter;
Fig. 3-1 is that the threedimensional model axle of multistage reamer body part measures intention;
Fig. 3-2 is the threedimensional model elevation of multistage reamer body part;
Fig. 3-3 is the threedimensional model sectional view of multistage reamer body part;
Fig. 4-1 is that the threedimensional model axle of bionical nozzle measures intention;
Fig. 4-2 is the threedimensional model sectional view of bionical nozzle;
Fig. 5 is that after bionical nozzle is mounted in multistage reamer body part, the complete multistage reamer threedimensional model axle of composition measures intention;
Fig. 6-1 is that the threedimensional model axle after transit joint and advanced nozzle are assembled together measures intention;
Fig. 6-2 is the threedimensional model sectional view after transit joint and advanced nozzle are assembled together;
Fig. 6-3 is the threedimensional model sectional view of transit joint;
Fig. 6-4 is the threedimensional model sectional view of advanced nozzle;
Threedimensional model axle when Fig. 7-1 is transit joint, nozzle and diamond-impregnated bit are assembled together in advance measures intention;
Threedimensional model sectional view when Fig. 7-2 is transit joint, nozzle and diamond-impregnated bit are assembled together in advance;
Fig. 8 is that the threedimensional model axle of diamond-impregnated bit measures intention.
In accompanying drawing, the parts representated by each label are as follows:
1, diamond-impregnated bit; 11, the first connecting thread; 2, advanced nozzle; 21, advanced nozzle entrance; 22, advanced jet expansion; 23, the second connecting thread; 3, transit joint; 31, the 5th connecting thread; 32, the 3rd connecting thread; 33, the 4th connecting thread; 34, limited step; 4, one-level cutting ring; 41, the 6th connecting thread; 42, one-level cutting unit; 421, one-level cutting element; 422, one-level steel body; 423, one-level impregnated with diamond bar; 43, one-level through hole; 5, secondary cutting ring; 51, secondary cutting unit; 511, secondary cutting element; 512, secondary steel body; 513, secondary impregnated with diamond bar; 52, secondary through hole; 53, the 7th connecting thread; 6, torsion impact device; 7, hydraulic impacter; 8, bionical nozzle; 81, bionical nozzle entrance; 82, bionical jet expansion; 83, bionical annular groove.
Detailed description of the invention
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
As Fig. 1-1, Fig. 1-2, Fig. 2-1, shown in Fig. 2-2, the brill of the bionical nozzle of a kind of build-in involved in the present invention expands integral type drilling tool, according to order from top to bottom, successively by diamond-impregnated bit 1, advanced nozzle 2, transit joint 3, multistage reamer and impactor composition, connected by thread seal between them, use the invention process injected hole, anchor pole/anchor cable hole, drill-pouring stake holes, and gas hydrates, oil shale, shale gas, oil/gas, during the brill ream operation in the exploratory hole of underground water etc. or exploitation hole, the endless form of slurries is direct circulation.Impactor can select torsion impact device 6 or hydraulic impacter 7, and the torsion impact device 6 connected or hydraulic impacter 7 are any type that specification is suitable.The present invention adopts diamond-impregnated bit 1 to creep into, but is not limited thereto, and also can use and have other kind of central through hole or the drill bit of pattern, as carbide drill is first-class.
If connect torsion impact device 6 to implement injected hole, anchor pole/anchor cable hole, drill-pouring stake holes, and gas hydrates, oil shale, shale gas, oil/gas, brill ream operation when the exploratory hole of underground water etc. or exploitation hole, then torsion impact device 6 can be the additional impact twisting force that a whole set of drilling tool continues to provide consistent with drilling tool gyratory directions, its upper end is connected with drill string by screw thread, lower end is connected with multistage reamer by screw thread, so just can at enforcement injected hole, anchor pole/anchor cable hole, drill-pouring stake holes, and gas hydrates, oil shale, shale gas, oil/gas, in the process of the brill ream operation when exploratory hole of underground water etc. or exploitation hole, make multistage reamer and diamond-impregnated bit 1 when being provided power to drive a whole set of drilling tool to turn round by the rig being positioned over earth's surface and provide suitable the pressure of the drill to carry out brill ream operation, be continuously them and an extra additional impact twisting force is provided, not only effectively can strengthen the revolution Cutting Rock ability of multistage reamer to Rock And Soil arround existing path borehole wall, also can strengthen the revolution Cutting Rock ability to hole bed rock soil body when diamond-impregnated bit 1 continues to creep into downwards, the power consumption of the equipment such as rig can also be reduced to a certain extent simultaneously.
If connect hydraulic impacter 7 to implement injected hole, anchor pole/anchor cable hole, drill-pouring stake holes, and gas hydrates, oil shale, shale gas, oil/gas, brill ream operation when the exploratory hole of underground water etc. or exploitation hole, then hydraulic impacter 7 can be the reciprocating impact load effect that a whole set of drilling tool continues to provide axial, its upper end is connected with drill string by screw thread, lower end is connected with multistage reamer by screw thread, so just can at enforcement injected hole, anchor pole/anchor cable hole, drill-pouring stake holes, and gas hydrates, oil shale, shale gas, oil/gas, the brill ream operation of impact rotating detritus mode is realized in the process of the brill ream operation when exploratory hole of underground water etc. or exploitation hole, can make to be increased dramatically to the brill ream operation efficiency of rock, also can play the effect of drill pipe release to a certain extent simultaneously.
As shown in Fig. 6-1, Fig. 6-2, Fig. 6-3, Fig. 6-4, Fig. 7-1, Fig. 7-2, Fig. 8, diamond-impregnated bit 1 is common conventional diamond-impregnated bit, also can be carbide drill other kind first-class of through or the drill bit of pattern.Transit joint 3 is formed primarily of the 3rd connecting thread 32, the 4th connecting thread 33, the 5th connecting thread 31 and limited step 34, and diamond-impregnated bit 1 is connected with the 3rd connecting thread 32 by the first connecting thread 11.Advanced nozzle 2 is formed primarily of advanced nozzle entrance 21, advanced jet expansion 22 and the second connecting thread 23.Second connecting thread 23 is connected with the 4th connecting thread 33, limited step 34 is positioned at the end of the 4th connecting thread 33, play advanced nozzle 2 and transit joint 3 to assemble the advanced nozzle 2 of limit and twist the effect that button bit puts, thus make between the two reliable by Screw assembly.Between advanced nozzle 2 and transit joint 3, between transit joint 3 and diamond-impregnated bit 1, after all being connected by thread seal, end labial surface 8 to the 20cm (this distance is when using the present invention to carry out boring ream operation from the end face of advanced jet expansion 22 to the distance at the bottom of hole) of the end face distance diamond-impregnated bit 1 of advanced jet expansion 22 now.
As Fig. 3-1, Fig. 3-2, Fig. 3-3 are depicted as a kind of multistage reamer, the multistage reamer in the present invention, use only the structure of two-stage, can be designed to the structure of more than two-stage according to actual needs.Multistage reamer can realize following object:
1, the one-level cutting ring 4 of the front end path reamer that can take the lead in passes in and out the relatively little boring of a diameter, and the effect of pilot hole can be played in this hole, also has the effect of correcting drilling tool simultaneously.
2, creep into due to reaming and finally will be drilled to a certain large diameter boring, adopt the multistage reamer designed by the present invention carry out reaming creep into time, can be regarded as reaming crept into the large diameter boring that finally will reach is decomposed into that several times (reaming creep into number of times identical with the progression of multistage reamer) carry out when reaming is crept into individually integrated, the method effectively can reduce the energy consumption of drilling equipment when a reaming is crept into, and can also promote efficiency when reaming is crept into simultaneously.
3, adopt multistage reamer, arround effectively can increasing the hole wall of holing to existing path when reamer reaming is crept into, Rock And Soil carries out cutting the broken scope of freedom, thus the reaming drilling efficiency of reamer is significantly improved.
As Fig. 3-1, Fig. 3-2, Fig. 3-3 are depicted as a kind of multistage reamer, it comprises the drill body (drill body inside is provided with the central passage of through whole drill body) of through, the upper end of described drill body is provided with the 7th connecting thread 53, and the lower end of described drill body is provided with the 6th connecting thread 41.The middle part of described drill body is circumferentially provided with two-stage cutting ring, one-level cutting ring 4, secondary cutting ring 5.Successively decrease in the direction that the cutting diameter of cutting ring described in two-stage creeps into along reaming, that is: the cutting diameter of the one-level cutting ring 4 of close transit joint 1 is less than the cutting diameter of the secondary cutting ring 5 away from transit joint.Every grade of described cutting ring is provided with multiple cutting unit (one-level cutting unit 42, secondary cutting unit 51), multiple described cutting unit in every grade of described cutting ring is uniformly distributed circumferentially outside described drill body, and the multiple described cutting unit in every grade of described cutting ring forms an annulus around described drill body.
It should be noted that: the one-level cutting ring 4 in multistage reamer involved in the present invention and secondary cutting ring 5 both can have been processed in same drill body structure simultaneously, also after can being processed as two independent drill bodies respectively, then the two is linked together by screw thread or alternate manner.Between one-level cutting ring 4 and secondary cutting ring 5 at intervals, can consider to be decided to be 20 to 70cm.Process for one-level cutting ring 4 and secondary cutting ring 5 simultaneously and on same drill body, the present invention is set forth.
As shown in Figure 5, one-level cutting ring 4 and secondary cutting ring 5 are all the primary structures cutting the kata-rocks soil body, and their center is the structure of through shape.Wherein, one-level cutting ring 4 comprises multiple one-level cutting unit 42, multiple one-level through hole 43 and the bionical nozzle 8 of multiple one-level; Multiple one-level through hole 43 is circumferentially arranged between two adjacent one-level cutting units 42 respectively; The equal build-in of the port of export of each described one-level through hole 43 has a bionical nozzle 8 of one-level.Secondary cutting ring 5 comprises multiple secondary cutting unit 51, multiple secondary through hole 52 and the bionical nozzle 8 of multiple secondary, and multiple secondary through hole 52 is circumferentially arranged between two adjacent secondary cutting units 51 respectively; The equal build-in of the port of export of each described secondary through hole 52 has a bionical nozzle 8 of secondary.
It should be noted that: the one-level bionical nozzle 8 of build-in in one-level through hole 43 port of export place and build-in are consistent in the structural shape of the bionical nozzle of secondary 8 at secondary through hole 52 port of export place, but its size should be suitable for mutually with the aperture of corresponding through hole.
As shown in Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-2, the middle part of described bionical nozzle (the bionical nozzle 8 of one-level, secondary) is provided with inner chamber, the internal face of described inner chamber is provided with several bionical annular grooves 83, preferably: the internal face of described inner chamber is evenly provided with several bionical annular grooves 83 according to certain spacing; One end of described bionical nozzle 8 is provided with the bionical nozzle entrance 81 with described intracavity inter-connection, the other end of described bionical nozzle 8 is provided with the bionical jet expansion 82 with described intracavity inter-connection, and the aperture of described bionical nozzle entrance 81 is greater than the aperture of described bionical jet expansion 82.
As shown in Figure 5, the bottom of one-level cutting ring 4 is connected with transit joint 3 by the 6th connecting thread 41; Middle part is the reamer body part of ring-type, primarily of several one-level cutting units 42 and one-level through hole 43 circumferentially uniform formation, one-level cutting unit 42 is wherein the primary structures cutting Rock And Soil arround broken existing path boring (crept into by diamond-impregnated bit 1 and form) hole wall, and one-level cutting unit 42 is made up of one-level cutting element 421, one-level steel body 422 and one-level impregnated with diamond bar 423.One-level cutting element 421 build-in forms the main body of cutting unit in one-level steel body 422, drilling tool pivotal direction when the arrangement mode of one-level cutting element 421 that the present invention adopts depends on that reaming is crept into, namely the front (cutting face) of one-level cutting element 421 is towards should be consistent with the pivotal direction of drilling tool.When the outside that one-level impregnated with diamond bar 423 is mounted in one-level steel body 422 is crept into for reaming, reaming is crept into the gauge of the large diameter borehole of rear formation.One-level through hole 43 is circumferentially laid between two adjacent one-level cutting units 42 equably, one-level through hole 43 is the through shape inclined hole of 30 ° to 60 °, the number of one-level through hole 43 is consistent with the number of one-level cutting unit 42, also as required the number of one-level through hole 43 can be set to the number being less than one-level cutting unit 42.The bionical nozzle of one-level 8 is by the mode build-in of screw thread, welding or interference fit in the port of export place of one-level through hole 43, and the number of the bionical nozzle of one-level 8 is consistent with the number of one-level through hole 43.Can consider that one-level cutting element 421 adopts PDC material to make, but be not limited to this, other material being suitable for cutting the kata-rocks soil body such as CBN, Si Lawujiqi, TSP, PCD also can be adopted to make.
Upper surface 20 to the 70cm of the lower surface distance one-level cutting ring 4 of secondary cutting ring 5, main part in the middle part of it is the structure of ring-type, its diameter is greater than one-level cutting ring 4, concrete difference in diameter needs the aperture of the boring of creeping into according to the reaming of final wish and determines, and can consider the twice of the diameter (external diameter) diameter of secondary cutting ring 5 (external diameter) being set to one-level cutting ring 4.The mid-section body part of secondary cutting ring 5 is primarily of several secondary cutting units 51 and secondary through hole 52 circumferentially uniform formation, secondary cutting unit 51 wherein cuts broken existing path boring (to be crept into by diamond-impregnated bit 1, and form after one-level cutting ring 4 reaming is crept into) primary structure of Rock And Soil arround hole wall, it is by secondary cutting element 511, secondary steel body 512 and secondary impregnated with diamond bar 513 are formed, secondary cutting element 511 build-in forms the main body of cutting unit in secondary steel body 512, drilling tool pivotal direction when the arrangement mode of the secondary cutting element 511 that the present invention adopts depends on that reaming is crept into, namely the front (cutting face) of secondary cutting element 511 is towards should be consistent with the pivotal direction of drilling tool.When the outside that secondary impregnated with diamond bar 513 is mounted in secondary steel body 512 is crept into for reaming, reaming is crept into the gauge of the large diameter borehole of rear formation.Secondary through hole 52 is circumferentially laid between two adjacent secondary cutting units 51 equably, secondary through hole 52 is the through shape inclined hole of 30 ° to 60 °, the number of secondary through hole 52 is consistent with the number of secondary cutting unit 51, also as required the number of secondary through hole 52 can be set to the number being less than secondary cutting unit 51.The bionical nozzle of secondary 8 is by the mode build-in of screw thread, welding or interference fit in the port of export place of secondary through hole 52, and the number of the bionical nozzle of secondary 8 is consistent with the number of secondary through hole 52.Can consider that secondary cutting element 511 adopts PDC material to make, but be not limited to this, other material being suitable for cutting the kata-rocks soil body such as CBN, Si Lawujiqi, TSP, PCD also can be adopted to make.
The top of secondary cutting ring 5 is connected with torsion impact device 6 or hydraulic impacter 7 by the 7th connecting thread 53.When rig provides suitable rotary torque and reaming to creep into the pressure of the drill, one-level cutting ring 4 and secondary cutting ring 5 turn rounds at a high speed and cut the broken Rock And Soil had arround path borehole wall and realize reaming and creep under the drive of drill string, while the mud jacking liquid that has that constantly circulates in direct circulation mode (preferably adopt low solid phase or unfixed phase slurry.Wherein, the low solids mud: refer to clay content (by weight) < 10%, or refer to the mud of clay content (by volume) < 4%; Unfixed phase slurry: refer to and do not add clay, only by the dispersion of organic high molecular polymer and water mixed preparing.) flow into its inner chamber from the bionical nozzle entrance 81 of several bionical nozzles 8 of build-in in one-level cutting ring 4 and secondary cutting ring 5, and by bionical jet expansion 82 at a high speed ejection forms high-pressure spray can to carrying out the fragmentation of (in advance) erosion in advance by Rock And Soil arround broken hole wall, creep into the reaming realizing auxiliary one-level cutting ring 4 and secondary cutting ring 5, effectively can promote operating efficiency when Rock And Soil reaming is crept into.
Operating principle of the present invention:
When the rig being positioned over earth's surface provides suitable rotary torque and the pressure of the drill, diamond-impregnated bit 1, one-level cutting ring 4 and secondary cutting ring 5 be revolution at a high speed under the drive of drill string, and it is broken to carry out revolution cutting to the Rock And Soil be positioned at the bottom of hole and arround hole wall respectively, to reach drilling and forming hole (drilling and forming hole based on diamond-impregnated bit 1 pair of hole bed rock soil body) respectively and to creep into (reaming based on Rock And Soil arround one-level cutting ring 4 and secondary cutting ring 5 pairs of hole walls) the reaming that existing path is holed, while brill ream operation, there is mud jacking liquid (preferably to adopt low solid phase or unfixed phase slurry.Wherein, the low solids mud: refer to clay content (by weight) < 10%, or refer to the mud of clay content (by volume) < 4%; Unfixed phase slurry: refer to and do not add clay, only by the dispersion of organic high molecular polymer and water mixed preparing.) under by the reciprocal swabbing action of the slush pump being positioned over earth's surface, (have mud jacking liquid to flow at the bottom of hole from earth's surface along drill string central passage in the mode of direct circulation, return to earth's surface from the annular gap between drill string and hole wall again) constantly circulate, flowed downward by drill string top after having mud jacking liquid to pump from slush pump until arrive the advanced nozzle entrance 21 of advanced nozzle 2, because the cross-sectional area (flow section) at limited step 34 place is more much smaller than the cross-sectional area (flow section) of drill string central passage, simultaneously the aperture of advanced jet expansion 22 is also than little 5 to the 20mm in the aperture (aperture of bionical nozzle entrance 81 and be machined in the one-level through hole 43 of multistage reamer surface thereof shape of bionical jet expansion 82, the aperture of secondary through hole 52 is larger), therefore certain throttling retardance and acceleration can be subject to when having mud jacking liquid to flow to herein, the high-pressure spray of ejection forming energy Relatively centralized at a high speed after having mud jacking liquid to continue to flow to advanced jet expansion 22, this jet can realize the effect of advanced (in advance) erosion fragmentation to the Rock And Soil be at the bottom of hole, can diamond-impregnated bit 1 be effectively assisted to carry out fragmentation to the Rock And Soil be at the bottom of hole, thus effectively promote the operating efficiency of drilling and forming hole, cross flow at the bottom of the hole meanwhile formed by high-pressure spray also can effectively lifting hole bed rock bits eliminating with cooling diamond-impregnated bit 1 effect.If constantly circulate have the flow of mud jacking liquid enough large time, when it flows through limited step 34 with advanced jet expansion 22, contraction due to central passage cross-sectional area (flow section) will cause " the throttling plugging effect " of fluid (having mud jacking liquid), a part has mud jacking liquid from advanced jet expansion 22 ejection formation high-pressure spray at a high speed, the slurries that another part has little time to spray then constantly can assemble accumulation in drilling tool central passage, when there being the liquid level of mud jacking liquid to reach one-level through hole 43 and secondary through hole 52 respectively, then there is mud jacking liquid will flow in one-level through hole 43 and secondary through hole 52 respectively, and spray at a high speed formation high-pressure spray from the bionical jet expansion 82 of several bionical nozzles 8, it is broken that this jet can carry out (in advance) erosion in advance to Rock And Soil arround existing path borehole wall, , thus reach auxiliary one-level cutting ring 4 and secondary cutting ring 5 respectively the reaming of Rock And Soil arround existing path borehole wall is crept into, the cross flow simultaneously formed by high-pressure spray also effectively can promote the eliminating of landwaste and the effect cooling one-level cutting element 421 and secondary cutting element 511.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Utilize the present invention can implement boring and reaming two construction operation programs in Rock And Soil simultaneously.Can realize simultaneously torsion impact device combine the efficient revolution Cutting Rock mode of multistage reamer and diamond-impregnated bit under brill reaming construction operation, or hydraulic impacter combines the brill reaming construction operation under the impact rotating detritus mode of multistage reamer and diamond-impregnated bit; In addition, can also utilize simultaneously the high-pressure spray that spray at a high speed from several bionical nozzles and advanced jet expansion respectively auxiliary multi-stage reamer and diamond-impregnated bit to arround existing path borehole wall and the Rock And Soil be at the bottom of hole carry out the fragmentation of (in advance) erosion in advance.
In sum, utilize the present invention can realize torsion impact device (for a whole set of drilling tool provides lasting impact torsion effect)/hydraulic impacter (for a whole set of drilling tool provides axial reciprocating impact load effect)+multistage reamer (realizing the multistage ream operation to being drilled to path boring)+several bionical nozzles simultaneously and (can high-pressure spray be formed with the continuous circular flow of the mode of direct circulation when there being mud jacking liquid after bionical nozzle, this jet can be broken to carrying out (in advance) erosion in advance for the Rock And Soil arround broken existing path borehole wall, thus auxiliary multi-stage reamer carries out reaming creeps into, effectively can promote the operating efficiency that reaming is crept into)+advanced nozzle (can form high-pressure spray with the continuous circular flow of the mode of direct circulation when there being mud jacking liquid after advanced nozzle, this jet can be broken to carrying out (in advance) erosion in advance for the broken hole bed rock soil body, thus auxiliary diamond-impregnated bit drilling and forming hole, the operating efficiency of effective lifting drilling and forming hole) (under driven the revolution of a whole set of drilling tool high speed to apply suitable the pressure of the drill effect by the rig being positioned over earth's surface, carry out revolution to the Rock And Soil be at the bottom of hole cuts broken+diamond-impregnated bit simultaneously, and then realize drilling and forming hole) Alternative that is coupled bores expanding method, can certainly will effectively be reduced in Rock And Soil injected hole of constructing, anchor pole/anchor cable hole, drill-pouring stake holes, and gas hydrates, oil shale, shale gas, oil/gas, the non-cutting time of ream operation is bored when the exploratory hole of underground water etc. or exploitation hole, the energy consumption of personnel labor intensity and drilling equipment, also can simplify the technological process of boring reaming construction simultaneously, thus effectively promote the operating efficiency boring reaming construction.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the brill of the bionical nozzle of build-in expands an integral type drilling tool, it is characterized in that: comprise diamond-impregnated bit, transit joint, multistage reamer, impactor; One end of described multistage reamer is connected by thread seal with between one end of described transit joint, and the other end of described multistage reamer is connected by thread seal with between one end of described impactor; Described diamond-impregnated bit is arranged on described transit joint one end away from described multistage reamer; Described multistage reamer comprises drill body, cutting ring; Described drill body inside is provided with the central passage of through whole described drill body; Described cutting ring is set to multistage, and multistage described cutting ring is arranged on the middle part of described drill body, and successively decreases in the direction that the cutting diameter of multistage described cutting ring creeps into along reaming; Multiple cutting units that every grade of described cutting ring is evenly laid by the circumference along described drill body form.
2. the brill of the bionical nozzle of a kind of build-in expands integral type drilling tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with the skewed through hole having mud jacking liquid to discharge for constantly being circulated in direct circulation mode described drill body inside between described cutting unit adjacent in every grade of described cutting ring; The port of export build-in of a described through hole is had at least to have bionical nozzle.
3. the brill of the bionical nozzle of a kind of build-in expands integral type drilling tool according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: also comprise advanced nozzle; Described transit joint inside is provided with the center slurry channels be connected with the central passage of described drill body; One end of described advanced nozzle is connected with the thread seal be positioned in the middle part of the slurry channels of described center on internal face, and the other end of described advanced nozzle stretches in the central through hole of described diamond-impregnated bit.
4. the brill of the bionical nozzle of a kind of build-in expands integral type drilling tool according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the middle part of described center slurry channels to be provided with described in the Screw assembly limit in the middle part of described advanced nozzle and described transit joint on internal face nozzle in advance and to twist the limited step that button bit puts.
5. the brill of the bionical nozzle of a kind of build-in expands integral type drilling tool according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: aperture 5 to the 20mm less of the aperture of the bionical jet expansion of described bionical nozzle of the advanced jet expansion of described advanced nozzle.
6. the brill of the bionical nozzle of a kind of build-in expands integral type drilling tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cutting unit comprises cutting element, steel body and impregnated with diamond bar; Described steel body is fixed on the periphery outside described drill body; Described cutting element build-in is on described steel body; Described impregnated with diamond bar is arranged on the outside of described steel body.
7. according to any one of claim 2 to 6, the brill of the bionical nozzle of a kind of build-in expands integral type drilling tool, it is characterized in that: multistage described cutting ring is the secondary cutting ring near described impactor and the one-level cutting ring near described transit joint; At a distance of 20 to 70cm between described one-level cutting ring and described secondary cutting ring.
8. the brill of the bionical nozzle of a kind of build-in expands integral type drilling tool according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described bionical nozzle and described through hole one-body molded, or described bionical nozzle by the fixed form build-in of screw thread, welding or interference fit in the port of export place of described through hole.
9. the brill of the bionical nozzle of a kind of build-in expands integral type drilling tool according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the angle between the axis of described through hole and the axis of described drill body is 30 ° to 60 °.
10. the brill of the bionical nozzle of build-in expands the brill expanding method of integral type drilling tool, it is characterized in that: when using the brill of the bionical nozzle of build-in described in any one of claim 1 to 9 to expand integral type drilling tool, what need the brill to the bionical nozzle of described build-in to expand in integral type drilling tool to provide constantly to circulate in direct circulation mode has mud jacking liquid; Described slurries adopt low solid phase or unfixed phase slurry.
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| CN107290194A (en) * | 2017-08-06 | 2017-10-24 | 吉林大学 | Drilling producing device for oil shale true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulated experiment test block |
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| CN110578471A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-12-17 | 长沙天和钻具机械有限公司 | non-excavation reaming impacter |
| CN109057759B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2024-04-30 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Sea phase combustible ice water force development device |
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