CN204476279U - The multistage borehole-enlarging drilling tool of the bionical nozzle of a kind of build-in - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a multi-stage reaming drilling tool embedded with a bionic nozzle, which comprises a reaming guide, a multi-stage reamer and an impactor; One end is sealed and connected with the impactor; the multi-stage reamer includes a drill body and a cutting ring; a central channel is provided inside the drill body; the cutting ring is set in multiple stages and arranged in the middle of the drill body; each stage of the cutting ring consists of multiple cutting units It is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; through holes are arranged between adjacent cutting units in each stage of cutting ring; at least one of the through holes is provided with a bionic nozzle at the outlet end. The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the high-pressure jet jets ejected at high speed from the bottom nozzle and several bionic nozzle outlets carry out advanced erosion and crushing of the rock and soil at the bottom of the hole and the hole wall respectively, so as to assist the bottom cutting teeth and the multi-stage reamer to realize Reaming drilling can effectively improve the efficiency of reaming drilling, cool cutting teeth and cutting tools, and improve the removal of cuttings in the hole.

Description

A multi-stage reaming drilling tool with embedded bionic nozzle

technical field

The utility model relates to a multi-stage reaming drilling tool embedded with bionic nozzles.

Background technique

Grouting (Injection Grout), also known as grouting (Grouting), it is the use of pressure feeding equipment (such as grouting pumps, etc.) to pour the grout composed of several materials in a certain proportion into the structural surface of the geological body (rock and soil body) In the cracks or pores, and make it diffuse, gel or solidify to achieve the purpose of strengthening the geological body (rock soil) or preventing seepage and plugging. According to the grouting pressure, grouting can be divided into two categories: static pressure grouting and high-pressure jet grouting. At present, it has been widely used in many engineering fields such as water conservancy and hydropower, mining, transportation, construction, etc. aspect. For grouting construction, bolt/cable construction, bored pile construction, and exploration or exploitation of natural gas hydrate, oil shale, shale gas, oil/natural gas, groundwater, etc., the process flow generally adopted The first step is to drill holes (wells) of a certain size according to the requirements, so as to inject grout into the rock and soil mass, insert anchor rods/cables, lower reinforcement cages to cast piles, or lower suitable exploration wells. Or mining equipment, etc. to prepare. In the process of drilling, sometimes there may be some unforeseen factors (such as: the diameter of the borehole shrinks, collapses, etc. due to the instability of the hole wall due to the drilling of complex formations); or because Party A temporarily changes the drilling Hole design requirements, in order to meet the drilling design requirements proposed by Party A, it is necessary to ream the previously drilled small-diameter drilling to increase its diameter, which requires the use of a reamer (or reamer) Drill bit) and the appropriate reaming drilling process. The currently used reaming drilling method mainly relies on the drilling rig to drive the drilling tool to rotate to carry out the reaming operation. The drilling efficiency obtained by this method and the cutting rock breaking ability of the existing reamer are all limited.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a multi-stage reaming drilling tool embedded with bionic nozzles to solve the deficiencies of the prior art.

The technical scheme of the utility model for solving the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a multi-stage reaming drilling tool embedded with bionic nozzles, which includes a reaming guide, a multi-stage reamer and an impactor; the multi-stage reamer One end is connected to one end of the reaming guide by a threaded seal, and the other end of the multi-stage reamer is connected to one end of the impactor by a threaded seal; the multi-stage reamer includes a drill bit body, cutting ring; the inside of the drill body is provided with a central passage through the entire drill body; the cutting ring is set as multi-stage (multi-layer), and the multi-stage cutting ring is arranged in the middle of the drill body, And the cutting diameter of multi-stage cutting rings decreases gradually along the direction of the reaming operation; the cutting rings of each stage are composed of a plurality of cutting units uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the drill body; The adjacent cutting units are provided with oblique through-holes for discharging the pressurized slurry that is continuously circulating inside the drill body in a positive circulation mode; at least one of the through-hole outlets is embedded with a bionic nozzle .

The beneficial effect of the utility model is that: the high-pressure jet flow ejected from the bottom nozzle and several bionic nozzle outlets at high speed can be used to carry out advanced (pre) erosion and crushing of the rock and soil at the bottom of the hole and around the hole wall to assist the bottom Cutters and multi-stage reamers realize reaming drilling, which can effectively improve the operating efficiency of reaming drilling, cool the cutters and cutting tools, and improve the removal of cuttings in the hole.

Further: the reaming guide includes a steel body of the reaming guide, side wall gauge teeth and bottom cutting teeth; the side wall gauge teeth are embedded and fixed on the side wall of the reaming guide steel body; the The bottom cutting teeth are embedded and fixed on the bottom surface of the steel body of the reaming guide away from the multi-stage reamer.

Further: the inside of the reaming guide is provided with a central slurry flow channel connected to the central channel of the drill body; the inside of the reaming guide is provided with a The central slurry flow channel communicates with the bottom nozzle.

Further: the aperture of the outlet of the bottom nozzle is 5 to 20 mm smaller than the aperture of the outlet of the bionic nozzle.

Further: the cutting unit includes a cutting tool, a steel body and an impregnated diamond strip; the steel body is fixed on the peripheral surface outside the drill body; the cutting tool is embedded on the steel body; the impregnated Diamond strips are arranged on the outside of the steel body.

Further: the multi-stage cutting ring is a secondary cutting ring close to the impactor and a primary cutting ring close to the reaming guide; the distance between the primary cutting ring and the secondary cutting ring is 20 to 70cm.

Further: the bionic nozzle is integrally formed with the through-hole, or the bionic nozzle is fixed at the outlet end of the through-hole by threading, welding or interference fit.

Further: the included angle between the axis of the through hole and the axis of the drill body is 30° to 60°.

Further: the impactor is a torsional impactor or a hydraulic impactor.

Further: the middle part of the bionic nozzle is provided with an inner cavity, the inner wall of the inner cavity is provided with several bionic annular grooves; the inner wall of the inner cavity is evenly provided with several bionic annular grooves; the bionic nozzle One end of the bionic nozzle is provided with a bionic nozzle inlet communicating with the inner cavity, and the other end of the bionic nozzle is provided with a bionic nozzle outlet communicating with the inner cavity, and the diameter of the bionic nozzle inlet is larger than the bionic nozzle The diameter of the outlet.

Description of drawings

Figure 1-1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional model of the multi-stage reaming drilling tool when the torsion impactor is connected;

Figure 1-2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional model of the multi-stage reaming drilling tool when the hydraulic impactor is connected;

Figure 2-1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional model of the separation of the various parts of the multi-stage reaming drilling tool when the torsion impactor is connected;

Figure 2-2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of the separated parts of the multi-stage reaming drilling tool when the hydraulic impactor is connected;

Figure 3-1 is an axonometric schematic diagram of the three-dimensional model of the main part of the multi-stage reamer;

Figure 3-2 is the front view of the three-dimensional model of the main part of the multi-stage reamer;

Figure 3-3 is a sectional view of the three-dimensional model of the main part of the multi-stage reamer;

Figure 4-1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional model of the bionic nozzle;

Figure 4-2 is a sectional view of the three-dimensional model of the bionic nozzle;

Fig. 5 is an axonometric schematic diagram of a complete three-dimensional model of a multi-stage reamer after the bionic nozzle is embedded and fixed on the main part of the multi-stage reamer;

Figure 6-1 is an axonometric schematic diagram of the three-dimensional model of the reaming guide;

Figure 6-2 is the front view of the three-dimensional model of the reaming guide;

Figure 6-3 is a sectional view of the three-dimensional model of the reaming guide;

In the accompanying drawings, the parts represented by each label are as follows:

1. Reaming guide; 2. Primary cutting ring; 3. Secondary cutting ring; 4. Torsion impactor; 5. Hydraulic impactor; 6. Bionic nozzle; 11. First connecting thread; 12. Reaming Guide steel body; 13. Bottom nozzle; 121. Side wall gage teeth; 122. Bottom cutting teeth; 131. Bottom nozzle inlet; 21. Second connecting thread; 22. Primary cutting unit; 23. Primary through hole ; 221, first-class cutting tool; 222, first-class steel body; 223, first-class impregnated diamond strip; 31, third connecting thread; 32, second-level cutting unit; 33, second-level through hole; 321, second-level cutting tool; 322, secondary steel body; 323, secondary impregnated diamond strip; 61, bionic nozzle inlet; 62, bionic nozzle outlet; 63, bionic ring groove.

Detailed ways

The principles and features of the present utility model are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the examples given are only used to explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the scope of the utility model.

As shown in Figure 1-1, Figure 1-2, Figure 2-1, and Figure 2-2, a multi-stage reaming drill with embedded bionic nozzles involved in the utility model follows the order from bottom to top , consisting of a reaming guide 1, a multi-stage reamer, and an impactor in turn, and they are connected through a threaded seal. The impactor can be a torsion impactor 4 or a hydraulic impactor 5. The hydraulic impactor 5 is any type with appropriate specifications. The utility model coupling multi-process reaming drilling method is bound to be able to effectively improve the construction of grouting holes, anchor rod/cable holes, drilled pile holes, and natural gas hydrate, oil shale, and shale in rock and soil bodies. The operating efficiency of reaming drilling in exploration holes or production holes for natural gas, oil/natural gas, groundwater, etc. The secondary cutting ring 3 and the primary cutting ring 2 on the multi-stage reamer, as well as the sidewall gauge teeth 121 and bottom cutting teeth 122 embedded in the reaming guide 1, are all used to break holes by rotary cutting The main tool for rock and soil around the wall and at the bottom of the hole.

If the torsion impactor 4 is connected to carry out the reaming operation, then the torsion impactor 4 can continuously provide the additional impact torsion effect consistent with the rotation direction of the drilling tool for the whole set of drilling tools. The multi-stage reamer is connected, so that the multi-stage reamer and the reaming guide 1 can be powered by the drilling rig placed on the ground to drive the whole set of drilling tools to rotate and provide a suitable drill during the reaming operation. Continuously provide them with an additional additional impact torsion when reaming, which can not only effectively enhance the rotary cutting effect of the multi-stage reamer on the rock and soil around the wall of the existing small-diameter drilled hole, but also Strengthen the cutting and crushing effect of the sidewall gauge teeth 121 and bottom cutting teeth 122 embedded on the reaming guide 1 on the rock and soil mass of the existing small-diameter drilled hole wall and hole bottom, and to a certain extent can also reduce drilling rigs, etc. Power consumption (energy consumption) of reaming equipment.

If the hydraulic impactor 5 is connected for reaming operation, the hydraulic impactor 5 can continuously provide the axial reciprocating impact load for the whole set of drilling tools. The hole reamer is connected, so that the reaming operation method of impacting rotary rock crushing can be realized in the process of reaming operation, which can greatly improve the efficiency of reaming operations on rocks, and at the same time, it can also play a role in reaming to a certain extent. To the role of drilling tool jam release.

The multi-stage reamer in the utility model only adopts a two-stage structure, and can be designed as a structure with more than two stages according to actual needs. Multi-stage reamers can achieve the following purposes:

1. The first-stage cutting ring 2 with small diameter at the front end can take the lead in reaming and drilling in and out of a relatively small-diameter hole. This hole can play the role of a pilot hole and also have the role of guiding the drilling tool.

2. Since the reaming operation will eventually be expanded into a large diameter hole, when the multi-stage reamer designed by the utility model is used for the reaming operation, it can be understood as the final large diameter to be achieved by the reaming operation. The drilling is decomposed into several times (the number of reaming operations is the same as the number of stages of the multi-stage reamer) and the integration when the reaming operation is performed separately. This method can effectively reduce the performance of the reaming equipment during a reaming operation. Consumption, improve the efficiency of reaming operations.

3. The use of multi-stage reamers can effectively increase the free surface for cutting and breaking the rock and soil around the hole wall during the reaming operation of the reamer, so that the reaming efficiency of the reamer can be significantly improved.

As shown in Figure 3-1, Figure 3-2, and Figure 3-3, it is a multi-stage reamer, which includes a drill body that runs through the center (a central channel that runs through the entire drill body is provided inside the drill body). The middle part of the drill body is provided with two-stage cutting rings along the circumference, a primary cutting ring 2 and a secondary cutting ring 3 . The cutting diameters of the two-stage cutting rings decrease along the direction of the reaming operation, that is, the cutting diameter of the primary cutting ring 2 close to the reaming guide 1 is smaller than the cutting diameter of the secondary cutting ring 3 far away from the reaming guide 1 . The cutting ring of each stage is provided with a plurality of cutting units (first-stage cutting unit 22, secondary cutting unit 32), and the plurality of cutting units in the cutting ring of each stage are evenly distributed in the drill body along the circumferential direction On the outer peripheral surface, a plurality of cutting units in each stage of the cutting ring form a circular ring around the drill bit body. The upper end of the drill body is provided with a third connecting thread 31 , and the lower end of the drill body is provided with a second connecting thread 21 .

It should be noted that: the primary cutting ring 2 and the secondary cutting ring 3 in the multi-stage reamer involved in the utility model can be processed on the same drill body structure at the same time, or can be processed into two separate After the drill body, the two are connected together by thread or other means. There is a certain distance between the primary cutting ring 2 and the secondary cutting ring 3, which can be considered as 20 to 70 cm. The utility model is described by taking the primary cutting ring 2 and the secondary cutting ring 3 processed on the same drill body as an example.

As shown in FIG. 5 , both the primary cutting ring 2 and the secondary cutting ring 3 are the main structures for cutting and breaking the rock and soil mass, and their centers are all through-shaped structures. Among them, the primary cutting ring 2 includes a plurality of primary cutting units 22, a plurality of primary through holes 23 and a plurality of primary bionic nozzles 6; a plurality of primary through holes 23 are respectively arranged on two adjacent primary cutting Between the units 22 , a primary bionic nozzle 6 is embedded at the outlet end of each primary through hole 23 . The secondary cutting ring 3 includes multiple secondary cutting units 32, multiple secondary through-holes 33 and multiple secondary bionic nozzles 6; multiple secondary through-holes 33 are respectively arranged in two adjacent secondary Between the cutting units 32 ; a secondary bionic nozzle 6 is embedded in the outlet end of each secondary through hole 33 .

It should be noted that the structural type of the first-level bionic nozzle 6 embedded in the outlet end of the first-level through hole 23 and the second-level bionic nozzle 6 embedded in the outlet end of the second-level through hole 33 are the same, but their dimensions It should be suitable for the diameter of the corresponding through hole.

As shown in Figure 4-1 and Figure 4-2, the middle part of the bionic nozzle (first-level and second-level bionic nozzle 6) is provided with an inner cavity, and several bionic ring grooves 63 are arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity. , preferably: the inner wall surface of the inner cavity is evenly provided with several bionic annular grooves 63 according to a certain distance; one end of the bionic nozzle 6 is provided with a bionic nozzle inlet 61 communicating with the inner cavity, and the bionic nozzle 61 is connected to the inner cavity. The other end of the nozzle 6 is provided with a bionic nozzle outlet 62 communicating with the inner cavity, and the diameter of the bionic nozzle inlet 61 is larger than the diameter of the bionic nozzle outlet 62 . In addition, the bionic nozzle mentioned in the utility model is not limited to the structure of the bionic nozzle, and other nozzle structures and types capable of generating high-pressure jets can also be used.

As shown in Figure 5, the lower part of the first-stage cutting ring 2 is sealed and connected with the reaming guide 1 through the second connecting thread 21; The first-level through holes 23 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the first-level cutting unit 22 is the main structure for cutting the surrounding rock and soil of the broken hole wall. constitute. The first-level cutting tool 221 is embedded in the first-level steel body 222 to form the main body of the cutting unit. The arrangement of the first-level cutting tool 221 used in the utility model depends on the direction of the drilling tool rotation during the reaming operation, that is, the first-level cutting tool The direction of the front (cutting surface) of tool 221 should be consistent with the direction of drilling tool rotation. The first-level impregnated diamond strip 223 is embedded and fixed on the outside of the first-level steel body 222 for diameter gauge of the drilled hole. The primary through-holes 23 are evenly arranged between two adjacent primary cutting units 22. The primary through-holes 23 are through-shaped oblique holes of 30° to 60°. The number of units 22 is the same, and the number of primary through holes 23 can also be set to be smaller than the number of primary cutting units 22 as required. The primary bionic nozzle 6 is embedded and fixed at the outlet end of the primary through hole 23 by threading, welding or interference fit, and the number of the primary bionic nozzle 6 is consistent with the number of the primary through hole 23 . It may be considered that the primary cutting tool 221 is made of PDC material, but not limited thereto, and may also be made of other materials suitable for cutting and crushing rock and soil, such as CBN, Slavujci, TSP, and PCD.

The lower end surface of the secondary cutting ring 3 is 20 to 70 cm away from the upper end surface of the primary cutting ring 2, and the main part of the middle part is a ring structure, and its diameter is larger than that of the primary cutting ring 2. The specific diameter difference needs to be based on the desired Reaming depends on the diameter of the drilled hole. It can be considered that the diameter (outer diameter) of the secondary cutting ring 3 is set to twice the diameter (outer diameter) of the primary cutting ring 2 . The middle main part of the secondary cutting ring 3 is mainly composed of several secondary cutting units 32 and secondary through-holes 33 uniformly distributed along the circumference, wherein the secondary cutting units 32 are the main structure for cutting the rock and soil around the wall of the broken hole. It consists of a secondary cutting tool 321, a secondary steel body 322 and a secondary diamond impregnated strip 323. The secondary cutting tool 321 is embedded in the secondary steel body 322 to form the main body of the cutting unit. The secondary cutting tool used in the utility model The arrangement of tool 321 depends on the direction of drilling tool rotation during the reaming operation, that is, the front (cutting surface) orientation of secondary cutting tool 321 should be consistent with the direction of drilling tool rotation. The secondary impregnated diamond strip 323 is embedded and fixed on the outside of the secondary steel body 322 for diameter gage of the drilled hole. The secondary through-holes 33 are evenly arranged between two adjacent secondary cutting units 32, the secondary through-holes 33 are through-shaped oblique holes of 30° to 60°, the number of the secondary through-holes 33 is related to the secondary cutting The number of units 32 is the same, and the number of secondary through holes 33 can also be set to be smaller than the number of secondary cutting units 32 as required. The secondary bionic nozzle 6 is embedded and fixed at the outlet end of the secondary through hole 33 by threading, welding or interference fit, and the number of the secondary bionic nozzle 6 is consistent with the number of the secondary through hole 33 . It may be considered that the secondary cutting tool 321 is made of PDC material, but it is not limited thereto, and may also be made of CBN, Slavujci, TSP, PCD and other materials suitable for cutting and breaking rock and soil.

The upper part of the secondary cutting ring 3 is connected with the torsional impactor 4 or the hydraulic impactor 5 through the third connecting thread 31 . When the drilling rig provides suitable rotary torque and drilling pressure for the whole set of reaming drilling tools, the primary cutting ring 2 and the secondary cutting ring 3 are driven by the drill string to rotate at high speed and cut the rock and soil around the broken hole wall to achieve Reaming and drilling while continuously circulating pressurized grout (preferably low solids or no solids mud. Among them, low solids mud: refers to the clay content (by weight) <10%, or refers to the clay content (by volume) <4% mud; no solid phase mud: refers to the dispersion system that does not add clay and is only prepared by mixing organic high molecular polymers with water.) from embedded in the primary cutting ring 2 and The bionic nozzle inlets 61 of several bionic nozzles 6 on the secondary cutting ring 3 flow into its inner cavity, and are ejected at a high speed (greater than 40m/s) by the bionic nozzle outlet 62 to form a high-pressure (greater than 10MPa) jet that can damage the holes that are about to be broken. The rock and soil around the wall are subjected to advanced (pre) erosion and crushing to realize the reaming drilling of the auxiliary primary cutting ring 2 and the secondary cutting ring 3, which can effectively improve the efficiency of reaming the rock and soil.

As shown in Figure 6-1, Figure 6-2, and Figure 6-3, the reaming guide 1 is mainly composed of the first connecting thread 11, the steel body of the reaming guide 12, the bottom nozzle 13, the side wall gauge teeth 121 and Bottom cutting teeth 122 constitute. The reaming guide 1 is sealingly connected with the second connecting thread 21 of the multistage reamer through the first connecting thread 11 . The side wall gage teeth 121 are embedded and fixed on the side wall surface of the reaming guide steel body 12, which plays the role of rotary cutting and breaking the protruding rock and soil around the hole wall of the existing small-diameter borehole, so as to achieve the purpose of reversing the existing small-diameter borehole. Drilling diameter protection, prevention of drill sticking, and ensuring the smooth progress of reaming operations. Bottom cutting teeth 122 are embedded and fixed on the bottom surface of the reaming guide steel body 12 away from the multi-stage reamer, and play a role in rotary cutting and breaking the protrusions around the wall of the existing small-diameter borehole or the rock and soil at the bottom of the hole (or deposited cuttings) to clear obstacles and ensure the smooth progress of reaming operations.

It should be noted that the outer diameter of the reaming guide 1 after the sidewall gauge teeth 121 are embedded should be equivalent to the diameter of the existing small-diameter borehole to be reamed, and should not be larger or too smaller than the diameter. If it is too large, the multi-stage reaming tool cannot be lowered into the small-diameter hole to be reamed; The occurrence of hole inclination or other accidents in the hole. The inside of the reaming guide 1 is provided with a central slurry flow channel, which is a hollow annular structure, and a bottom nozzle 13 is processed at its lower part. and the apertures of the secondary through-holes 33 are much smaller. In addition, the outlet aperture of the bottom nozzle 13 is 5 to 20mm smaller than the aperture of the bionic nozzle outlet 62.

The outer diameter of the reaming guide 1 (including the diameter behind the reaming guide steel body 12 and the side wall gauge teeth 121) located at the lower part of the complete set of drilling tools should be similar to the diameter of the existing small-diameter drilled hole to be reamed , when using the utility model to carry out reaming operations on existing small-diameter boreholes, the reaming guide 1 is inserted into the existing small-diameter boreholes, which can play a role in guiding the entire set of drilling tools to prevent reaming during the reaming operation. Due to the occurrence of drilling deviation or other in-hole accidents, the side wall gauge teeth 121 and bottom cutting teeth 122 located on the side of the reaming guide 1 (both of which are embedded and fixed on the reaming guide 1 Carbide blocks or other materials suitable for cutting and breaking rock and soil), which can respectively prevent the possible occurrence of small-diameter drilling in the process of reaming due to borehole shrinkage, falling blocks, collapse, etc. In the event of in-hole accidents such as drill sticking, when the diameter of the existing small-diameter borehole shrinks, the sidewall gage teeth 121 can perform rotary cutting and crushing of the rock and soil around the wall of the small-diameter borehole that has shrunk to achieve The purpose of keeping the diameter, and when the existing small-diameter drilling occurs blockage, collapse, etc., the bottom cutting teeth 122 can perform rotary cutting and crushing on this part of the rock and soil protruding from the hole wall or accumulated at the bottom of the hole to avoid the inside of the hole. Accidents occur, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the reaming operation.

Working principle of the utility model:

The mud pump placed on the surface reciprocates and makes the continuously circulating pressurized slurry flow down from the hole along the central channel of the drill string to the bottom nozzle 13 of the reaming guide 1 located at the bottom of the whole set of drilling tools , because the diameter of the flow section at the bottom nozzle inlet 131 of the reaming guide 1 is much smaller than the diameters of the central passage, the primary through hole 23 and the secondary through hole 33 of the multistage reamer above it, Simultaneously, the outlet diameter of the bottom nozzle 13 of the reaming guide 1 is also 5 to 20mm smaller than the diameter of the bionic nozzle outlet 62, which makes the pressurized grout flow from the top of the drilling tool along the central channel inside the drilling tool to the location of the whole set of drilling tools. When equipped with the bottom nozzle 13 of the reaming guide 1 at the bottom, the outlet of the bottom nozzle 13 is ejected at high speed to form a high-pressure jet, which can effectively assist the bottom cutting teeth 122 located on the reaming guide 1 against the rock at the bottom of the hole. Soil (or deposited debris) is broken by advanced (pre) erosion. If the pump volume is large enough, due to the limitation of the outlet diameter of the bottom nozzle 13 of the reaming guide 1, the pressurized slurry cannot be completely and timely ejected from the outlet of the bottom nozzle 13 to form a high-pressure jet. At this time, it will inevitably cause the pressurized grout continuously circulating in the drilling tool to have a "throttling and blocking effect" at the bottom nozzle inlet 131 of the reaming guide 1 and the outlet of the bottom nozzle 13 of the reaming guide 1, so that the remaining The part of the grouting fluid in the drilling tool that cannot be ejected at high speed from the outlet of the bottom nozzle 13 of the reaming guide 1 in time continuously accumulates energy in the central channel inside the drilling tool and accumulates upwards until the liquid level of the grouting fluid is reached Respectively reach the first-level through hole 23 and the second-level through-hole 33. At this time, the pressurized grout that circulates continuously and accumulates in the central channel inside the drilling tool is bound to flow along several through-shaped holes processed on the multi-stage reamer. The oblique holes (first-level through hole 23 and second-level through-hole 33) reach several bionic nozzle inlets 61 respectively, and after flowing through the inner cavities of several bionic nozzles 6, they are ejected at high speed from their outlets to form a high-pressure jet, which can effectively The auxiliary multi-stage reamer performs advanced (pre-) erosion and crushing of the rock and soil around the wall of the existing small-diameter borehole to be reamed, which can effectively assist the cutting tool on the multi-stage reamer to complete the previous Reaming of holes that have been drilled to a small diameter.

The high-pressure jets respectively coming from the bottom nozzle 13 of the reaming guide 1 and several bionic nozzles 6 effectively improve the efficiency when using the utility model for reaming operations.

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

The utility model can be used to carry out the hole reaming operation on the previously drilled small-diameter boreholes in the rock and soil mass. It can realize the reaming operation under the high-efficiency rotary cutting rock crushing mode of the torsion impactor 4 combined with the multi-stage reamer, or the reaming operation under the impact rotary rock crushing mode of the hydraulic impactor 5 combined with the multi-stage reamer; The multi-stage reaming drilling tool connected with two different impactors can not only effectively improve the efficiency of reaming operations, but also reduce the energy consumption and energy consumption of reaming equipment such as drilling rigs to a certain extent. The role of drilling tool jam release in the process of reaming.

The reaming guide 1 can play the role of guiding the drilling tool, and the side wall gage teeth 121 and bottom cutting teeth 122 embedded in the reaming guide 1 can also effectively prevent the hole from shrinking, falling off, and collapsing due to drilling. The occurrence of other accidents in the hole such as drill sticking caused by accidents can ensure the smooth progress of the reaming operation.

In addition, the high-pressure jet stream ejected from the bottom nozzle 13 at high speed can realize the advanced (pre) erosion and crushing of the rock and soil mass (or deposited debris) at the bottom of the hole, thereby effectively assisting the bottom cutting teeth 122 to crush the rock and soil mass at the bottom of the hole ( or deposited cuttings) cutting and crushing, the diffuse flow at the bottom of the hole formed by the high-pressure jet can also cool the bottom cutting teeth 122, and at the same time, the diffuse flow is also conducive to the removal of cuttings at the bottom of the hole. The high-pressure jets ejected at high speed from the outlets of several bionic nozzles 6 can achieve advanced (pre) erosion and crushing of the rock and soil around the hole wall, thereby effectively assisting the cutting tool on the multi-stage reamer to crush the rock and soil around the hole wall. For the cutting and breaking of the soil, the diffuse flow formed by the high-pressure jet can also cool the cutting tool and improve the effect of removing cuttings in the hole. So far, using the utility model can simultaneously realize the multi-process reaming operation method coupled with multiple methods, which will certainly effectively improve the construction of grouting holes, anchor rods/cable holes, bored pile holes, and Efficiency of reaming operations in exploration or production holes for gas hydrate, oil shale, shale gas, oil/gas, groundwater, etc.

In summary, utilizing the utility model can simultaneously realize:

1. The torsion impactor 4 continuously provides the impact torsion force consistent with the rotation direction of the drilling tool, or the hydraulic impactor 5 continuously provides the axial reciprocating impact load, so that when the utility model is used for hole reaming operations, high efficiency can be achieved. The reaming operation of the rotary cutting rock crushing method can also be realized, and the reaming operation of the impact rotary rock crushing method can also be realized. In addition, to a certain extent, it can also reduce the energy consumption of drilling rigs and other reaming equipment and the process of reaming operations. The role of drilling tools to release jams.

2. The multi-stage reamer can realize the reaming operation of the small-diameter drilled hole in the way of multi-stage reaming; when the grouting fluid is continuously circulated through several bionic nozzles 6 in a positive cycle, high pressure can be formed Jet flow, which can carry out advanced (pre) erosion and crushing of the rock and soil around the hole wall to be rotary cut or impact rotary crushing, thereby assisting the multi-stage reamer to ream the hole, effectively improving the efficiency of the reaming operation. It can play the role of cooling the cutting tool arranged on the multi-stage reamer and improving the removal effect of cuttings in the hole.

3. The reaming guide 1 can play the role of guiding the drilling tool, and effectively preventing in-hole accidents such as drill sticking caused by unforeseen circumstances such as drilling shrinkage, block drop, and collapse, and can ensure reaming The operation is carried out smoothly; when the grouting fluid is continuously circulated through the bottom nozzle 13 in a positive circulation mode, a high-pressure jet can be formed, and the jet can advance (predetermined) the rock and soil mass (or deposited debris) at the bottom of the hole to be broken. ) erosion and crushing, the auxiliary bottom cutting teeth 122 are used to crush the rock and soil mass at the bottom of the hole or protruding from the hole wall. In addition, it can also cool the cutting teeth and improve the removal effect of cuttings at the bottom of the hole.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in this utility model. within the scope of protection of utility models.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-stage reaming drill with embedded bionic nozzles, characterized in that: it comprises a reaming guide, a multi-stage reamer, and an impactor; one end of the multi-stage reamer is connected to the reaming guide One end of the reamer is connected through a threaded seal, and the other end of the multistage reamer is connected through a threaded seal with one end of the impactor; the multistage reamer includes a drill body and a cutting ring; the The inside of the drill body is provided with a central channel that runs through the entire drill body; the cutting rings are set in multiple stages, and the multistage cutting rings are arranged in the middle of the drill body, and the cutting diameters of the multistage cutting rings are along the The direction of the reaming operation is decreasing; the cutting ring of each stage is composed of a plurality of cutting units uniformly arranged along the circumference of the drill body; Between the adjacent cutting units in each stage of the cutting ring, there is an inclined through hole for discharging the pressurized grout that is continuously circulating inside the drill body; at least one of the through holes The outlet end of the hole is embedded with a bionic nozzle. 2. A multi-stage reaming tool with embedded bionic nozzles according to claim 1, wherein the reaming guide comprises a steel body of the reaming guide, side wall gauge teeth and bottom cutting teeth; The side wall gauge teeth are embedded on the side wall surface of the reaming guide steel body; the bottom cutting teeth are embedded on the bottom surface of the reaming guide steel body away from the multi-stage reamer . 3. According to claim 2, a multi-stage reaming drill with embedded bionic nozzles is characterized in that: the inside of the reaming guide is provided with a central slurry flow that communicates with the central channel of the drill body channel; a bottom nozzle communicating with the central slurry flow channel is provided at the lower part of the reaming guide away from the multi-stage reamer. 4 . The multi-stage reaming drill with bionic nozzle embedded in it according to claim 3 , wherein the hole diameter of the outlet of the bottom nozzle is 5 to 20 mm smaller than the hole diameter of the outlet of the bionic nozzle. 5. A multi-stage reaming drill with a bionic nozzle embedded according to claim 1, wherein the cutting unit includes a cutting tool, a steel body and a diamond-impregnated strip; the steel body is fixed on the The outer peripheral surface of the drill bit body; the cutting tool is embedded and fixed on the steel body; the impregnated diamond strip is arranged on the outer side of the steel body. 6. According to any one of claims 1 to 5, a multi-stage reaming drill with embedded bionic nozzles is characterized in that: the multi-stage cutting ring is a secondary cutting ring close to the impactor and close to the impactor. The primary cutting ring of the reaming guide; the distance between the primary cutting ring and the secondary cutting ring is 20 to 70 cm. 7. According to claim 6, a multi-stage reaming drill with bionic nozzle embedded, characterized in that: the bionic nozzle is integrally formed with the through hole, or the bionic nozzle is threaded, welded or interfering A matching fixing method is embedded and fixed at the outlet end of the through hole. 8. A multi-stage reaming drill with embedded bionic nozzles according to claim 6, characterized in that: the angle between the axis of the through hole and the axis of the drill body is 30° to 60° . 9 . A multi-stage reaming drill with bionic nozzle embedded according to claim 6 , wherein the impactor is a torsional impactor or a hydraulic impactor. 10. According to any one of claims 1 to 5, a multi-stage reaming tool with a bionic nozzle embedded, wherein an inner cavity is provided in the middle of the bionic nozzle, and the inner wall surface of the inner cavity is Several bionic ring grooves are provided; several bionic ring grooves are uniformly arranged on the inner wall surface of the inner cavity; one end of the bionic nozzle is provided with a bionic nozzle inlet communicating with the inner cavity, and the bionic nozzle The other end is provided with a bionic nozzle outlet communicating with the inner cavity, and the diameter of the bionic nozzle inlet is larger than the diameter of the bionic nozzle outlet.