CN104194327A - 增强型微透明尼龙材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

增强型微透明尼龙材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104194327A
CN104194327A CN201410408550.7A CN201410408550A CN104194327A CN 104194327 A CN104194327 A CN 104194327A CN 201410408550 A CN201410408550 A CN 201410408550A CN 104194327 A CN104194327 A CN 104194327A
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张凯舟
吴斌
郭建兵
秦舒浩
张敏敏
张道海
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Guizhou Material Industrial Technology Research Institute
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种增强型透明尼龙材料及其制备方法，按重量份数计算，包括20～30份低熔点尼龙6,30～40份短玻璃纤维增强尼龙66,40～50份长玻璃纤维增强尼龙66。本发明采用长短玻璃纤维混用的方式来改善尼龙66的性能，既能增强其力学性能，又可改善其流动性，使其适合于各种注塑成型加工，而且通过低熔点尼龙6来改善其加工性能和透明性。

Description

增强型微透明尼龙材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高分子材料，尤其是一种增强型微透明尼龙材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前，采用长玻璃纤维增强尼龙66可以显著提高其力学性能，而且制备的产品表面质量非常好，但是，由于长玻璃纤维的加入将导致尼龙66的流动性变差，因此，在注塑成型一些薄壁制品时，会由于流动困难而严重影响注塑质量。而且现在的玻璃纤维增强尼龙66由于透明性差也影响其使用范围。
发明内容
本发明的目的是：提供一种增强型微透明尼龙材料及其制备方法，它不仅力学性能良好，而且流动性获得显著改善，并且具有一定的透明性，以克服现有技术的不足。
本发明是这样实现的：增强型微透明尼龙材料，按重量份数计算，包括20～30份低熔点尼龙6母粒；30～40份的短玻璃纤维增强尼龙66以及40～50份长玻璃纤维增强尼龙66；所述的短玻璃纤维增强尼龙66中，包括质量百分比为30%～45%的短玻璃纤维，短玻璃纤维的长度为0.5-1.5mm，质量百分比为0.5%～2%的环氧树脂，质量百分比为0.2%～0.5%的纳米二氧化硅，其余为尼龙66；所述的长玻璃纤维增强尼龙66中，包括质量百分比为45%～55%的长玻璃纤维，长玻璃纤维的长度为8-12mm，质量百分比为0.2%～0.5%的抗氧剂，质量百分比为2%～5%的聚酯马来酸酐接枝物，其余为尼龙66。
增强型透明尼龙材料的制备方法，按上述重量份数及质量百分比，将环氧树脂、纳米二氧化硅、与尼龙66在双螺杆挤出机进行共混挤出，并将玻璃纤维通过玻纤口加入，获得短玻璃纤维增强的尼龙66；将抗氧剂、聚酯马来酸酐接枝物与尼龙66共混挤出，并对长玻璃纤维进行浸渍，冷却后切粒成8～12mm的颗粒，获得长纤玻璃维增强的尼龙66；将短玻璃纤维增强的尼龙66、长纤玻璃维增强的尼龙66及低熔点尼龙6均匀混合，即获得成品。该成品可以直接注塑成型。
为了进一步验证本发明的效果，按照本发明的技术方案制备出具体的产品，对这些产品进行各项性能测试。
1、材料的选择
低熔点尼龙6母粒：按专利号为ZL200710202263.0的发明专利的技术方案进行制备；
短玻璃纤维增强尼龙66：选用牌号为4588的玻璃纤维，以及牌号为EPR-27的尼龙66，用于制备短纤维增强尼龙66； 
长短玻璃纤维增强尼龙66：选用牌号为4301的玻璃纤维，以及牌号为NDP20的尼龙66，用于制备长纤玻璃维增强尼龙66。
2、实验过程
将上述材料按本发明的技术方案进行分成3个实验组，将每个实验组的材料按常规工艺通过注塑成型制备为样条，再对样条进行相应的性能测试。拉伸性能测试按GB/T1040-1992进行，试样尺寸为150*10*4mm，拉伸速率为50mm/min。弯曲性能测试按进行，试样尺寸为80*10*4mm，弯曲速率为2mm/min，跨距为64mm。悬臂梁缺口冲击强度按GB/T1843-1996进行，试样尺寸为80*10*4mm，缺口深度为2mm。热变形温度按GB/T1634-1979进行，试样尺寸为127*12.7*3.2mm，载荷为1.82MPa。 
3、结果
表1、表2、表3分别为3个实验组的配方，表4为测试结果
根据以上实验结果的表格得知，不论短纤维增强的尼龙66材料和低熔点尼龙6制得的材料，还是长纤维增强尼龙66和低熔点尼龙6制得的材料，总体性能都没有三者复配制得的材料好。
本发明的原理是： 长纤维增强尼龙66，可以显著提高材料的强度，而且可以改善制品的表面质量；短玻璃纤维增强尼龙66可以改善加工性能。而且强度也比较高；低熔点尼龙6是一种无定形尼龙，所以其透明性非常好，通过低熔点尼龙一方面改善了材料的加工性能，另一方面使材料具有一定的透明性。
由于采用了上述技术方案，与现有技术相比，本发明采用长短玻璃纤维混用的方式来改善尼龙66的性能，既能增强其力学性能，又可改善其流动性，使其适合于各种注塑成型加工，而且通过低熔点尼龙6来改性其透明性。本发明材料来源广泛，易于获取，成本低廉，使用效果好。
具体实施方式
本发明的实施例1：增强型微透明尼龙材料，按重量份数计算，包括20份低熔点尼龙6母粒；30份的短玻璃纤维增强尼龙66以及50份长玻璃纤维增强尼龙66；所述的短玻璃纤维增强尼龙66中，包括质量百分比为34.3 %的短玻璃纤维，短玻璃纤维的长度为1mm，质量百分比为1.67%的环氧树脂，质量百分比为0.3%的纳米二氧化硅，其余为尼龙66；所述的长玻璃纤维增强尼龙66中，包括质量百分比为46%的长玻璃纤维，长玻璃纤维的长度为8-12mm，质量百分比为0.4%的抗氧剂，质量百分比为3.6%的聚酯马来酸酐接枝物，其余为尼龙66。
增强型透明尼龙材料的制备方法，按上述重量份数及质量百分比，将环氧树脂、纳米二氧化硅、与尼龙66在双螺杆挤出机进行共混挤出，并将玻璃纤维通过玻纤口加入，在双螺杆挤出机中，玻纤会被上螺杆剪切成1mm左右的长度，获得短玻璃纤维增强的尼龙66；将抗氧剂、聚酯马来酸酐接枝物与尼龙66共混挤出，并对长玻璃纤维进行浸渍，进行浸渍的设备可采用申请人在之前申请的申请号为“201110453139.8”的发明专利申请中公开的装置，即“实现连续长玻纤挤出的装置”。它已经是一个现有技术，虽然在该申请中，使用此装置的制备方法有所不同，但是，在本申请中采用该装置是能起到相应的技术效果的；冷却后切粒成10mm的颗粒，获得长纤玻璃维增强的尼龙66；将短玻璃纤维增强的尼龙66、长纤玻璃维增强的尼龙66及低熔点尼龙6均匀混合，即获得成品。该成品可以直接注塑成型。

Claims (2)

1.一种增强型微透明尼龙材料，其特征在于：按重量份数计算，包括20～30份低熔点尼龙6母粒；30～40份的短玻璃纤维增强尼龙66以及40～50份长玻璃纤维增强尼龙66；所述的短玻璃纤维增强尼龙66中，包括质量百分比为30%～45%的短玻璃纤维，短玻璃纤维的长度为0.5-1.5mm，质量百分比为0.5%～2%的环氧树脂，质量百分比为0.2%～0.5%的纳米二氧化硅，其余为尼龙66；所述的长玻璃纤维增强尼龙66中，包括质量百分比为45%～55%的长玻璃纤维，长玻璃纤维的长度为8-12mm，质量百分比为0.2%～0.5%的抗氧剂，质量百分比为2%～5%的聚酯马来酸酐接枝物，其余为尼龙66。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的增强型微透明尼龙材料的制备方法，其特征在于：按上述重量份数及质量百分比，将环氧树脂、纳米二氧化硅、与尼龙66在双螺杆挤出机进行共混挤出，并将玻璃纤维通过玻纤口加入，获得短玻璃纤维增强的尼龙66；将抗氧剂、聚酯马来酸酐接枝物与尼龙66共混挤出，并对长玻璃纤维进行浸渍，冷却后切粒成8～12mm的颗粒，获得长纤玻璃维增强的尼龙66；将短玻璃纤维增强的尼龙66、长纤玻璃维增强的尼龙66及低熔点尼龙6均匀混合，即获得成品。
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CN108727817A (zh) * 2018-05-21 2018-11-02 北京化工大学常州先进材料研究院 一种聚酰亚胺短切纤维增强母粒及其制备方法
CN111662546A (zh) * 2020-06-29 2020-09-15 杭州本松新材料技术股份有限公司 一种高玻纤增强尼龙复合材料及其制备方法和应用

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108727817A (zh) * 2018-05-21 2018-11-02 北京化工大学常州先进材料研究院 一种聚酰亚胺短切纤维增强母粒及其制备方法
CN111662546A (zh) * 2020-06-29 2020-09-15 杭州本松新材料技术股份有限公司 一种高玻纤增强尼龙复合材料及其制备方法和应用

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