CN1041897A - 旋转铣槽铣刀及其刀片 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23C—MILLING
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- B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/04—Cutting-off tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
- B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/2298—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts secured by resilient/flexible means
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- B23D61/00—Tools for sawing machines or sawing devices; Clamping devices for these tools
- B23D61/02—Circular saw blades
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- B23D61/00—Tools for sawing machines or sawing devices; Clamping devices for these tools
- B23D61/02—Circular saw blades
- B23D61/04—Circular saw blades with inserted saw teeth, i.e. the teeth being individually inserted
- B23D61/06—Circular saw blades with inserted saw teeth, i.e. the teeth being individually inserted in exchangeable arrangement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2205/00—Fixation of cutting inserts in holders
- B23B2205/02—Fixation using an elastically deformable clamping member
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/16—Fixation of inserts or cutting bits in the tool
- B23C2210/161—Elastically deformable clamping members
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/20—Number of cutting edges
- B23C2210/208—Number of cutting edges ten
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/24—Overall form of the milling cutter
- B23C2210/244—Milling cutters comprised of disc-shaped modules or multiple disc-like cutters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
- F16B2200/30—Dovetail-like connections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/13—Yieldable tool
- Y10T407/134—Resiliently mounted tool
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
- Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/22—Cutters, for shaping including holder having seat for inserted tool
- Y10T407/2272—Cutters, for shaping including holder having seat for inserted tool with separate means to fasten tool to holder
- Y10T407/2282—Cutters, for shaping including holder having seat for inserted tool with separate means to fasten tool to holder including tool holding clamp and clamp actuator
- Y10T407/2286—Resiliently biased clamp jaw
- Y10T407/2288—Integral with holder
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/929—Tool or tool with support
- Y10T83/9319—Toothed blade or tooth therefor
- Y10T83/9326—Plural separable sections
- Y10T83/9329—Tooth separable from blade
- Y10T83/9343—By deformation
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Abstract
一种旋转铣槽铣刀有平侧边盘形的刀体和一个中心孔,刀体周缘有若干间隔的开口,每一开口中有一个刀片,利用开口的形状抑制径向活动将其夹紧,每一开口的形状可在刀体中心孔圆周上施加向外的径向力时,开口各表面张开,便于将刀片轴向取出或放入开口。发明还提出一种用于旋转铣槽铣刀或其他铣槽刀具的刀片。
Description
本发明与铣槽铣刀有关,具体有关旋转铣槽铣刀及用于该铣刀的刀片。
与本发明有关的这种旋转铣槽铣刀有一个圆盘形刀体,上有可更换的刀片,从圆盘边缘径向伸出。使用时必须将刀片在圆盘体上紧固,但在刀片磨钝或破损时,必须容易拆卸更新。
刀片在圆盘体上紧固的方法已有许多种。过去的这类设想一般可分为两类。第一类用某些独立的夹持装置,将刀片在圆盘体上紧固。属于第一类的典型结构形式在美国专利第3,887,975号(索里斯等人的专利)和第4,363,576号(斯维克莱的专利)中有叙述及图示。这类的其它结构形式,在美国专利说明书第1,618,678号(罗特勒的专利)及1,700,333号(彭德的专利)中有说明。在这些结构中,除罗特勒的结构外,均将刀片沿与圆盘体平行的方向,插入圆盘刀体的开口中。
彭德的和索里斯等人的专利阐述的装置,使用凸轮形件抵靠刀片的有适当形状的部分,将刀片夹持。这种装置中将加在刀片上的切削力直接向凸轮形件表面传递,可引起凸轮形件上的破坏性磨损。这情况要求圆盘刀体的围绕凸轮形件处有较大厚度。这方法的其它缺点,是刀片必须有与凸轮形件配合的复杂表面。
斯维克莱发明揭示的一种凸轮形件装置,它抵靠一个夹臂,夹臂抵靠刀片。这夹臂焊在圆盘刀体内,以保证成为一体。这种刀具要求多个各种部件,取得在刀片上的夹持力。这种方法的另一缺点,是该夹持件及凸轮形件要求的空间,限制刀具圆盘边缘上安装刀片的数目。
在第二类铣槽铣刀中,通过将刀片在相对圆盘刀体轴线的径向上移动,将刀片插入,不用独立的夹持装置便可将刀片夹紧。这类结构的典型举例,可从美国专利第3,590,893(柏基维斯的专利)和第4,492,140号(帕诺的专利)中见到。
柏基维斯揭示的刀片,通过刀体的柔性部分夹紧。据称,在刀体上的刀片插座间,增设锯口或槽形开口,可取得这种柔性。柏基维斯方法的缺点,在于假如径向切削力大于摩擦夹持力,则刀片可能松动并向内滑动。
帕诺的刀具楔形装置,将刀片在其插座中紧固。这些插座都限制安装在刀具边缘上的刀片的数目,更扩大了依赖摩擦作夹持力的缺点。因此必须严格控制转速,使离心力不超过楔紧的摩擦力;另一缺点是刀片仅有一个锋刃。
本发明的目的是提出一种旋转铣槽铣刀,使用形状相当简单的刀片,并有在刀体内的装置用作紧固,而保持精确定位。刀体及刀片可用薄材料,材料宽度的唯一限制是刀体或刀片的强度,从而可消除先有领域中的铣槽铣刀设计的某些限制。胜过过去设计的另一优点,是可在任何一个刀体上增加相当多的刀片,因此,可按圆盘上的刀片数目,按比例提高每一转的金属切削量,而旋转速度不致使刀片松动。另一优点是可改变刀片的构形,和刀片插口的构形,使每一刀片可有两个锋刃。
本发明的另一目的,是提出一种可用于旋转铣槽铣刀或其它刀具的刀片。
本发明为一种旋转铣槽铣刀,有基本为圆盘形的刀体,刀体有第一及第二侧表面,基本与旋转平面平行,而且基本与刀体的旋转轴线垂直,并有轴向的中心孔,容纳传动心轴的支承轴,有若干开口围绕刀体的周缘间距布置,从一侧表面伸到另一侧表面,在刀体周缘上开口,每一开口内插入一个刀片,开口内的表面与刀片的表面紧配合,防刀片作相对刀体轴线的径向移动,每一开口的形状是使沿着刀体中心孔的圆周向外方向施加的径向力,将开口的表面撑开,以便将刀片沿轴向取出或装入,刀片是利用圆盘的剩余弹性力夹定。
本发明也包括一种刀具刀片,有一个带有一个锋刃的切削端,和一个定位端,定位端有基本平行的侧表面,藉以在刀具的开口中安装,而将该锋刃外露,该定位端在该侧表面之间有三个不平行的基本平坦的接触表面,用作该开口内的接触表面,该接触表面基本构成棱体形,该接触表面中的两个相对,第三个在二者间,特征在于将该相对接触表面所处的平面沿该切削端的方向延长时,在远离该第三接触表面的一点上相交。
本发明还包括上述旋转铣槽铣刀刀片的组装方法。
为便于了解本发明的性质,下文作为举例对一个理想形式参照附图予以叙述,附图内容如下:
图1为按本发明的结构制造的旋转铣槽铣刀沿与旋转轴线平行的方向的视图;
图2为图1中刀具沿与刀体垂直的旋转轴线的方向的视图;
图3为一个开口及刀片的放大比例图,显示在刀具中心孔上施加膨胀力;
图4为图3中的刀片沿箭头A方向的视图;
图5为图3刀片的侧视图;
图6为使用本发明刀片的单一类型的刀具的侧视图。
从图1可见,每一刀片11有锋刃12,从刀体10径向伸出,每一锋刃基本与刀体轴线13平行,而至少与刀体等宽。
刀体10为圆盘形,宽度相当小,有第一及第二侧表面14及15。其边缘有形状相同的或多或少的矩形开口16(图示开口中删去刀片),将周缘分割,围绕刀体外圆等角地间隔,两开口16之间形成剩余周缘部17。有长孔18位于各相邻开口之间。刀体10有相对大直径的孔21,中心在轴线13上。
孔18用于将刀体10在旋转时定位,起以销(未示)带动的旋转驱动装置的作用,销由驱动心轴(未示)带动。孔18略长,成为卵形,以便上述的销插入。每一刀片11在一个开口16中紧固。带刀片11的刀体10按箭头22的方向旋转。
参看图3,各开口16的几何形状相同,在开口的表面23,24及25之间夹持刀片11,各该表面压紧刀片的对应表面26,27及28。便于将刀片在插座中组装的措施,为用一个内套瓜之类的工具,在内孔21上加径向向外膨胀的力29,将刀体径向膨胀,从而使每一开口张开,如虚线23a,24及25a所示。然后将刀片通过侧表面14或15装上,再将孔21中的膨胀力消除,便将刀片定位。金属倾向于恢复其正常形状,开口表面与刀片接触,于是圆盘的剩余弹性力便将刀片夹定。
在孔21内邻近开口16的两个以上的点上,用膨胀力29将刀体10径向向外膨胀,以至少的力和产生较小应力,可使用一个特殊的卡具,在孔21中仅加上在直径上相对的两个膨胀力29,使刀体在着力点上径向向外膨胀,于是在着力点附近部位将开口张开,达到线段23a,24及25a所示的程度,便利将刀片在开口中组装。刀片通过侧表面14及15中之一装上,并除去孔21内的膨胀力,将刀片在各开口中定位。于是金属倾向于恢复其正常形状,开口的各表面便与刀片接触,圆盘的剩余弹性力将刀片夹定。对于其余的开口重复进行,将通过在直径上相对的地点加膨胀力,在开口中组装刀片,直至全部刀片定位。
刀片的结构为刀片比刀体10的开口16大一定量,刀片表面26,27,28可以对称轴44进行对称复制。因此,在切削作业中锋刃12及12a可提供两个锋刃。开口还有表面31,在夹定状态下与刀片表面26有最小的间隙。表面17的形状可使切屑在切削操作中卷曲,不造成夹紧。开口的内角有圆弧半径32及33,利用增加应力分布的长度,减小这区域中的应力集中。
参看图4及5,可见刀片有一个约2°的侧背面34,35,36及37,使刀片的背部在切削操作中有一个空隙。
将刀片在轴向上精确定位时,可使用侧板在刀体上夹紧。这样可在刀片的表面38及39上加夹持力,保持正确的轴向定位。
虽然本发明主要与旋转铣槽铣刀有关,但据了解按本发明制造的刀片还可用于使用一个刀片的刀具。参看图6,图示在车床或其它用单刀刀具的机床进行开槽操作的单刀片架。撬开槽42,直到瓣形部42有足够的开度,将刀片41放入架中。然后使瓣形部合拢,制作开口时,使之略小于刀片,便可如上面关于铣槽铣刀的上述开口所述,将刀片作相似的夹定。
上述发明的优点,来自铣槽铣刀不需用外部的凸轮形件或楔形件将刀片精确紧固。刀体对刀片自锁的方式,使许多刀片可在刀体中紧固,而仍保持刀具的刚性。并且,由于开口及刀片的构造有平行的侧边,刀具的宽度没有限制,因此,可使宽度小至1mm以下。
Claims (4)
1、一种旋转铣槽铣刀,有基本圆盘形的刀体,刀体有第一及第二侧表面基本与旋转平面平行,并且基本与刀体的旋转轴线垂直,有一个以轴线为中心的中心孔,容纳传动心轴的支承轴,有若干在刀体周缘上的间隔的开口从一个侧面向另一侧面伸展,并在刀体周缘上开口,每一开口中有一个刀片,开口由与刀片紧密接触的面围绕,防止刀片作相对于刀体轴线的径向移动,每一开口的形状为当在刀体中心孔的圆周上施加径向向外的力时,将开口的表面张开,便于将刀片沿轴向取出或更换,刀片是利用圆盘的剩余弹性力夹持定位。
2、一种刀具刀片,有带一个锋刃的一个切削端,和一个定位端,定位端有基本平坦的平行侧面,定位端用于安装在刀具的一个开口中,而将该锋刃外露,该定位端有在该两侧面之间的三个基本平坦的不平行的接触表面,从而有基本棱体的形状,该各接触表面用于接触该开口中的表面,该接触表面中的两个互相相对,第三接触表面夹在其间,特征在于当该相对接触表面所处平面往该切削端的方向伸展时,在远离该第三接触表面的一个点上相交。
3、如权利要求2所述的刀具刀片,其特征是上述定位端还有一个锋刃,刀片是在两端之间的中线两侧对称。
4、一种将刀片在如权利要求1中界定的旋转铣槽铣刀中组装的方法,其特征是包括在中心孔圆周上的两个在直径上的相对的两个点上,施加径向向外的力,仅使与该点相邻的开口的表面互相张开,除去该力时将刀片在各该开口中定位,并在其余各开口中重复上述的过程。
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AUPJ1055 | 1988-10-20 | ||
AUPJ105588 | 1988-10-20 |
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US (1) | US5059068A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0365299B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2571288B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR900006052A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1020180C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU627779B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR8905338A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2000965C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE68907006T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2043036T3 (zh) |
IN (1) | IN172796B (zh) |
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- 1989-10-13 AU AU42884/89A patent/AU627779B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-10-18 DE DE8989310688T patent/DE68907006T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-10-18 CA CA002000965A patent/CA2000965C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-10-18 BR BR898905338A patent/BR8905338A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-10-18 ES ES89310688T patent/ES2043036T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-10-18 EP EP89310688A patent/EP0365299B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-10-19 IN IN870CA1989 patent/IN172796B/en unknown
- 1989-10-19 CN CN89108114A patent/CN1020180C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-10-20 JP JP1271886A patent/JP2571288B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-10-20 KR KR1019890015101A patent/KR900006052A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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CN109937106A (zh) * | 2016-12-14 | 2019-06-25 | 山特维克知识产权股份有限公司 | 内铣刀 |
CN110337341A (zh) * | 2017-02-16 | 2019-10-15 | 伊斯卡有限公司 | 具有带有弹性夹持构件的内部刀具接收腔的工具主体、切削工具和用于切削工具的倒角切削刀具 |
CN107295907A (zh) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-10-27 | 江苏鼎钰生态农业科技有限公司 | 一种电动修枝机中的刀片 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU627779B2 (en) | 1992-09-03 |
CA2000965A1 (en) | 1990-04-20 |
JP2571288B2 (ja) | 1997-01-16 |
CA2000965C (en) | 1995-09-12 |
ES2043036T3 (es) | 1993-12-16 |
DE68907006T2 (de) | 1993-09-16 |
US5059068A (en) | 1991-10-22 |
EP0365299A2 (en) | 1990-04-25 |
CN1020180C (zh) | 1993-03-31 |
EP0365299A3 (en) | 1991-03-13 |
BR8905338A (pt) | 1990-05-22 |
JPH02160409A (ja) | 1990-06-20 |
IN172796B (zh) | 1993-12-04 |
EP0365299B1 (en) | 1993-06-09 |
KR900006052A (ko) | 1990-05-07 |
DE68907006D1 (de) | 1993-07-15 |
AU4288489A (en) | 1990-04-26 |
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