CN104174637A - Method for treating antimony-polluted soil and water by super-enrichment plant Eleusine indica - Google Patents
Method for treating antimony-polluted soil and water by super-enrichment plant Eleusine indica Download PDFInfo
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- CN104174637A CN104174637A CN201310189584.7A CN201310189584A CN104174637A CN 104174637 A CN104174637 A CN 104174637A CN 201310189584 A CN201310189584 A CN 201310189584A CN 104174637 A CN104174637 A CN 104174637A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The invention relates to a plant restoration technology for environmental pollution treatment, especially relates to a method for treating heavy metal-polluted soil and water by super-enrichment plant and concretely relates to a method for treating antimony-polluted soil and water by super-enrichment plant Eleusine indica. Eleusine indica is planted in antimony-polluted soil or water, through an antimony super-enrichment capability of Eleusine indica in growth and development, Eleusine indica transfers antimony in soil or water to a part of Eleusine indica on the ground, when Eleusine indica is mature, all the Eleusine indica or the part of Eleusine indica on the ground is harvested and is transferred from the polluted soil or water, the above Eleusine indica planting, harvesting and transferring processes are repeatedly carried out on the antimony-polluted soil or water until antimony content of the soil or water satisfies environmental quality standards so that antimony pollutes in the soil or water are removed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to administer the phytoremediation technology of contaminated environment, particularly utilize super enriching plant to administer the method for heavy-metal contaminated soil and water body.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of China's industry, heavy metal pollution is entered environment by all means, makes to pollute to increasingly sharpen.Various heavy metal pollution enters after water body and soil environment, is absorbed by plants, thereby enters food chain, is detrimental to health.Heavy Metal Pollution Control has become current instant task.
Antimony is a kind of widely distributed poisonous and harmful heavy metallic element, and Basel Convention is classified antimony as hazardous waste.Antimony is huge to the harm of human body and biology, and its toxic action is similar with arsenic, is sulfydryl poisonous substance, after absorption, can combine with the sulfydryl of some enzyme in body, so that disorganize metabolism, the infringement heart, liver, kidney and nervous system.The dust of antimony and smog have a spread effect to mucocutaneous, clinically can novel dermatitis and the inflammation of oral cavity, schneiderian membrane.
The main existence form of antimony is two kinds of antimony oxide and antimonous sulfides.Antimony and use of a compound thereof are extensive, mainly for the production of pottery, and glass, electromagnetism, paint, pyrotechnic material, alloy, pest repellant, fire retardant etc.Chinese style antimony reserves big country, the mineral resources summary surface, the world of issuing for 2011 according to U.S address investigation bureau, approximately 1,800,000 tons of global proved reserves, and China accounts for 950,000 tons, occupies global the first.Extensive exploitation and the use of antimony, cause its pollution problem day by day serious, and antimony pollution is administered the important research direction that becomes step by step environmental pollution improvement field.
Through continuous exploration in recent years, the recovery technique of contaminated soil has obtained development faster, and prior art mainly comprises physics recovery technique, chemical recovery technique, bioremediation technology.Bioremediation technology mainly contains post recovery technique and microorganism recovery technique.
Phytoremediation technology utilizes plant to administer polluted environment exactly, utilizes the mechanisms of action such as absorption, volatilization and conversion and the degraded of plant and rhizosphere circle microorganism system thereof to remove the polluter in contaminated environment.The phytoremediation of broad sense comprises utilizes plant purification air, utilizes plant and rhizosphere circle microbial cleaning sewage thereof and administers contaminated soil, mainly comprises heavy metal, radionuclide and organic pollution etc.The phytoremediation of narrow sense mainly refers to utilize plant and the clean contaminated soil of rhizosphere circle microorganism system, comprises inorganic and organic pollution.And usually said phytoremediation mainly refers to the heavy metal that utilizes the extraction effect of super enriching plant to go out in contaminated soil, by repeating plantation and gather in the crops super enriching plant that the heavy metal concentration in contaminated soil is dropped to acceptable level.Phytoremediation technology have expense low, effective, workable, not spoiled soil and water body basic structure and function, do not cause secondary pollution, keep water body, the advantage such as beautify the environment, be the very potential pollution control technology of one.
The prerequisite of phytoremediation technology is to find the super enriching plant certain or some heavy metal to special absorption accumulation ability.Super enriching plant is also hyperaccumulative plant, and this definition is proposed by Books at first, is for naming the content of nickel in stem to be greater than the plant of 1000 mg/kg at that time.The concept of super enriching plant has expanded the super enrichment phenomenon of the how all metallic elements of plant to now, can surpass a kind of metallic element of enrichment or plant that simultaneously can several metallic elements of enrichment, super enrichment is often referred to the absorption cumulant of heavy metal is exceeded to 100 times of general plant.At present in the world about the working standard of weighing super enriching plant is: the one, critical content feature, be plant shoot divide the heavy metal amount of (mainly referring to stem or leaf) enrichment be common plant under same growth conditions more than 100 times, the critical concentration of antimony is 1000 mg/kg; The 2nd, transfer characteristic, plant shoot divides (mainly referring to stem or leaf) content of beary metal to be greater than its root content of beary metal.The 3rd, patience characteristic, refers to that plant counterweight metal has stronger patience, plant energy normal growth.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing super enriching plant eleusine indica to administer antimony pollution soil and water.The method have expense low, effective, workable, not spoiled soil or water body basic structure and function, do not cause secondary pollution, keep water body, the advantage such as beautify the environment.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The present invention by planting eleusine indica in the soil containing antimony pollution or water body, utilize its super accumulation ability to antimony in growth and development process, divide transfer by the antimony in soil or water body to plant shoot, when eleusine indica is planted plant mature period, whole plant or its aerial part are gathered in and removed from contaminated soil or water body, in antimony pollution soil or water body, repeat again above-mentioned plantation and harvesting and remove the operating process of eleusine indica, until antimony content reaches environmental quality standards in soil or water body, thereby reach the object of removing the antimony in soil or water body.
The present invention plant used is the Finger-millet of He Ben section platymiscium eleusine indica, English Eleusine indica by name.
Eleusine indica, annual herb.Root system is extremely flourishing.Stalk is grown thickly, and base portion tilts, high 10-90 cm.Flatten and tool ridge leaf sheath both sides, lax, without hair or thin raw wart hair; The tip of a leaf is about 1mm, and blade is open and flat, linear, long 10-15cm, and wide 3-5 mm, without hair or above by wart base pubescence.Spike 2-7, finger-like and is born in stalk top, seldom Dan Sheng, long 3-10 cm, wide 3-5 mm; The long 4-7 mm of small ear, wide 2-3 mm, containing 3-6 little Hua; Grain husk lanceolar, tool ridge, ridge is coarse, the long 1.5-2 mm of the first grain husk, the long 2-3 mm of the second grain husk, the first lemma 3-4 mm, avette, membranous, on ridge, there is the narrow wing, glumelle is shorter than lemma, tool 2 ridges, the narrow wing of tool on ridge.Cystocarp is avette, is about 1.5 mm, and base portion is recessed, has obvious wavy wrinkle.Squamation 2, folding, tool 5 arteries and veins.The chromosome 2n=18. flowering fruit bearing stage 6-10 month.
Eleusine indica is adaptable to environment, and each provinces and regions, China north and south can be extensively originated in easy to raise, are born in by uncultivated ground and road more.Be distributed in temperate zone, the whole world and torrid areas.
Eleusine indica growth scope is extensive, its ecological characteristic changes to some extent with growing environment difference, ecological characteristic in China southeast is: mid or late April emerges, April, early and middle ten days entered peak of occurrence, occur the 6-8 month less, part seed can give birth to for two generations in 1 year, autumn maturation seed dormancy 3 wheat harvesting periods in soil, in 0-1 cm soil, germination percentage is high, and dark 3 cm do not germinate above.Germination need be under 5-40 DEG C of temperature match curing conditions, and need have illumination.Under constant temperature, germination percentage is low, unglazed bad according to germination percentage.
Eleusine indica in China's discovery that still belongs to the first time, was not also met relevant report as super enrichment antimony plant in the world.The amount that is collected in the contained antimony of eleusine indica in antimony pollution district of China meets the criterion about super enriching plant in the world; Its aerial part antimony content, up to 2120 mg/kg, exceedes its critical concentration; Root antimony content is 430 mg/kg, is less than its aerial part, and transhipment coefficient is greater than 1; Antimony is had to stronger patience, and plant can normal growth.
Plantation eleusine indica of the present invention refers to and can adopt earth culture and two kinds of planting types of water planting.Earth culture mode adopts the planting type of soil as the required surrounding medium of growth and development of plants, vegetable seeds is directly sowed or plant seedlings is directly cultivated in soil, and in planting process, provide plant normal growth to grow condition and the required nutriments that grow thereof such as required illumination, temperature, moisture, to ensure the growth of plant energy normal growth; Growth and development of plants desired nutritional material is directly provided by the contained nutriment of soil environment, or provides by the mode that artificially applying fertilizer adds exogenous nutrition material, and the addition of the nutriments such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 0.01-0.5 g/kg; The required moisture of growth and development of plants is provided by natural precipitation mode, or provides by man-made irrigation mode, and moisture is within the scope of 20%-100% field capacity; The required illumination of growth and development of plants and temperature are provided by outdoor natural conditions, and temperature is within the scope of 5-40 DEG C.Water planting mode adopts the planting type of water body as the required surrounding medium of growth and development of plants, plant seedlings is cultivated in water body, plant contacts with water body by root, be stabilized on water body by Supporting Media, and in planting process, provide plant normal growth to grow condition and the desired nutritional materials that grow such as required illumination, temperature, moisture, to ensure the growth of plant energy normal growth; Utilize floating bed to be fixed on the Supporting Media in water body as plant, plant root directly contacts with water body by the aperture boring in floating bed; Growth and development of plants desired nutritional material is directly provided by the contained nutrient plant of water body environment, or provides by the mode that artificially applying fertilizer adds exogenous nutrition material, and the addition of the nutriments such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 0.01-0.5 g/kg; The required moisture of growth and development of plants is provided by water body self; The required illumination of growth and development of plants and temperature are provided by outdoor natural conditions, and temperature is within the scope of 5-40 DEG C.
Soil and water of the present invention refers to the soil and water that contains antimony pollution.
Eleusine indica of the present invention derives from antimony pollution district of China, utilizes its seed to breed or utilizes self-sow to cultivate the eleusine indica seedling in antimony pollution district.The bread worm of eleusine indica seed requires within the scope of 5-40 DEG C, and moisture requirement is within the scope of 20%-100% field capacity, and depth of planting requires as within the scope of 0-2 cm.Eleusine indica seed is directly sowed in antimony pollution soil, or by the eleusine indica cultivation of Seedling Stage at antimony pollution soil or to have floating bed be in the water body of fixed support medium.
Harvesting of the present invention is also removed eleusine indica and is referred to eleusine indica is planted to plant mature period, by its whole plant or the harvesting of its aerial part, and removes from contaminated soil or water body; In antimony pollution soil or water body, repeat again above-mentioned plantation and harvesting and remove the operating process of eleusine indica, until Antimony In The Soils content reaches environmental quality standards, thereby reach the object that the antimony pollution in soil or water body is removed.
The present invention has following remarkable advantage:
1. plant eleusine indica of the present invention is a kind of super enrichment antimony plant, in China's discovery that still belongs to the first time, does not also meet in the world relevant report.This plant is adaptable to environment, and growth scope is wide, and easy to raise, for research antimony pollution phytoremediation provides valuable plant resources.
2. a kind of method of utilizing super enriching plant eleusine indica to administer antimony pollution soil and water of the present invention, have expense low, effective, workable, do not destroy water body or soil basic structure and function, do not cause secondary pollution, the advantage such as conserve water and soil, beautify the environment.
3. a kind of method of utilizing super enriching plant eleusine indica to administer antimony pollution soil and water of the present invention, can large scale application.
Detailed description of the invention
Put forward contaminated area research experiment at certain, the average content of this contaminated area Antimony In The Soils is 110 mg/kg, utilizes the eleusine indica of this antimony pollution district self-sow to plant, and temperature is within the scope of 5-40 DEG C, and moisture is within the scope of 20%-100% field capacity; When eleusine indica plant grows to mature period, by its whole plant harvesting, and remove from contaminated soil.Measure by analysis, the average content of eleusine indica aerial part antimony reaches 2120 mg/kg, and root antimony average content is 430 mg/kg.Plant has stronger patience to antimony, and plant growth is normal, and plant height reaches 30-40 cm.This test shows, eleusine indica is super enrichment antimony plant, can be used for administering antimony pollution soil and water.
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Claims (5)
1. a method of utilizing super enriching plant eleusine indica to administer antimony pollution soil and water, it is characterized in that: in the soil containing antimony pollution or water body, plant eleusine indica, utilize the super accumulation ability to antimony in its Natural growth process, divide transfer by the antimony in soil or water body to plant shoot, when eleusine indica grows to mature period, whole plant or its aerial part are gathered in and removed from contaminated soil or water body, in antimony pollution soil or water body, repeat again above-mentioned plantation and harvesting and remove the operating process of eleusine indica, until antimony content reaches environmental quality standards in soil or water body, thereby reach the object of removing antimony pollution in soil or water body.
2. a kind of method of utilizing hyperaccumulative plant eleusine indica to administer antimony pollution and water body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described plantation eleusine indica refers to and can adopt earth culture mode to plant, adopt soil as the required surrounding medium of growth and development of plants, vegetable seeds is directly sowed or plant seedlings is directly cultivated in soil, and in planting process, provide plant normal growth to grow condition and the desired nutritional materials that grow thereof such as required illumination, temperature, moisture, to ensure the growth of plant energy normal growth; Plant desired nutritional material is provided by the contained nutrient plant of soil environment, or provides by the mode that artificially applying fertilizer adds exogenous nutrition material, and the addition of the nutriments such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 0.01-0.5 g/kg; The required moisture of plant is provided by natural precipitation mode, or provides by man-made irrigation mode, and moisture is within the scope of 20%-100% field capacity; The required illumination of growth and development of plants and temperature are provided by outdoor natural conditions, and temperature is within the scope of 5-40 DEG C.
3. a kind of method of utilizing super enriching plant eleusine indica to administer antimony pollution soil and water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described plantation eleusine indica refers to and can adopt water planting mode to plant, adopt water body as the required surrounding medium of growth and development of plants, plant seedlings is directly cultivated in water body environment, plant contacts with water body by root, be stabilized on water body by Supporting Media, and in planting process, provide plant normal growth to grow required illumination, temperature, the conditions such as moisture and the desired nutritional material that grows, grow to ensure plant energy normal growth, utilize floating bed to be fixed on the Supporting Media in water body as plant, plant root directly contacts with water body by the aperture boring in floating bed, the required nutrient plant of plant is provided by the contained nutrient plant of water body environment, or provides by the mode that artificially applying fertilizer adds exogenous nutrition material, and the addition of the nutriments such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 0.01-0.5 g/kg, and the required moisture of plant is provided by water body self, the required illumination of plant growth and temperature are provided by outdoor natural conditions, and temperature is within the scope of 5-40 DEG C.
4. a kind of method of utilizing super enriching plant eleusine indica to administer antimony pollution soil and water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described eleusine indica derives from antimony pollution district of China, utilize its seed to breed or utilize self-sow to cultivate the Niu Jingcai in antimony pollution district seedling, eleusine indica seed is directly sowed in antimony pollution soil, or eleusine indica seedling is directly cultivated in antimony pollution soil or water body.
5. a kind of method of utilizing super enriching plant eleusine indica to administer soil and water pollution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: eleusine indica is planted to plant mature period, by its whole plant or the harvesting of its aerial part, and remove from contaminated soil or water body; In antimony pollution soil or water body, repeat again above-mentioned plantation and harvesting and remove the operating process of eleusine indica, until Antimony In The Soils content reaches environmental quality standards, thereby reach the object that the antimony pollution in soil or water body is removed.
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| CN201310189584.7A CN104174637A (en) | 2013-05-21 | 2013-05-21 | Method for treating antimony-polluted soil and water by super-enrichment plant Eleusine indica |
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| CN201310189584.7A CN104174637A (en) | 2013-05-21 | 2013-05-21 | Method for treating antimony-polluted soil and water by super-enrichment plant Eleusine indica |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105254022A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-01-20 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | Constructed-wetland purifying system for alkali wastewater of antimony ore tailing pond |
| CN105689376A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-06-22 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil or water body by utilizing hyperaccumulator polymerization |
| CN105750325A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-13 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for remedying heavy metal contaminated soil or water by aid of potherb mustard which is hyper-accumulation plant |
| CN111790744A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-10-20 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | Ecological function recovery method for soil after in-situ and ex-situ heating treatment |
| CN111804727A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-23 | 北京泷涛环境修复有限公司 | Method for treating antimony-polluted soil |
-
2013
- 2013-05-21 CN CN201310189584.7A patent/CN104174637A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105254022A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-01-20 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | Constructed-wetland purifying system for alkali wastewater of antimony ore tailing pond |
| CN105254022B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-11-10 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | Antimony ore Tailings Dam alkaline waste water artificial wetland purifying system |
| CN105689376A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-06-22 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil or water body by utilizing hyperaccumulator polymerization |
| CN105750325A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-13 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for remedying heavy metal contaminated soil or water by aid of potherb mustard which is hyper-accumulation plant |
| CN111790744A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-10-20 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | Ecological function recovery method for soil after in-situ and ex-situ heating treatment |
| CN111804727A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-23 | 北京泷涛环境修复有限公司 | Method for treating antimony-polluted soil |
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Application publication date: 20141203 |