CN104172464B - A kind of method of nicotine content in reduction tobacco leaf - Google Patents
A kind of method of nicotine content in reduction tobacco leaf Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method for reducing nicotine content in tobacco leaf, including step：Tobacco leaf is subjected to redrying, is then soaked in redrying good tobacco leaf in solvent at 40 ~ 80 DEG C, soak time is 5 ~ 30 seconds；Dehydrated again, finished product smoked sheet.The method of the present invention is applied to handle tobacco leaf, and the tobacco leaf nicotine content reduction after processing is obvious.Industrial production is can apply to after the present invention is optimized, with important market prospects.
Description
Technical field
Field is made the present invention relates to tobacco leaf, and in particular to a kind of method of nicotine content in reduction tobacco leaf.
Background technology
Nicotine is nicotine（Nicotine）Popular name, be that one kind is present in plant of Solanaceae（Solanum）In alkaloid,
It is the important component of tobacco.Nicotine can be addicting or produce dependence（It is most difficult to one of drug addiction of withdrawal）, people are generally difficult
To contain oneself, reusing nicotine also increases heart speed and rise blood pressure and reduces appetite.Heavy dose of nicotine meeting
Cause vomiting and nausea, people can be dead when serious.Nicotine would generally be contained in tobacco, this is that many smokers can not give up
The major reason of craving for tobacco.
Tobacco leaf in cigarette strain is divided into five positions from bottom to up：Pin leaf, lower two canopy leaves, waist leaf, upper two canopies leaf and top
Leaf, wherein：Upper two canopies leaf and top are referred to as upper tobacco leaf, and waist leaf is referred to as middle part tobacco leaf, and pin leaf and lower two canopies leaf are lower tobacco leaf.
The nicotine content of waist leaf is low, and flavor concentration is suitable, is preferred main tobacco leaf；But waist leaf is used in low-coke tar cigarette, its
Concentration seems thin.Made in industry based on the fire-cured tobacco type low-coke tar cigarette requirement tobacco leaf that fragrance is denseer, nicotine content is slightly higher
Cigarette is expected, to compensate the deficiency of tar reduction low back leaf fragrance.And upper tobacco leaf nicotine concentration is big, perfume quantity foot, if maturity is good,
Strength, miscellaneous gas, excitement are reduced, then its availability will be significantly improved.If the nicotine content of upper tobacco leaf can effectively be reduced, no
The problem of being only expected to solve famous brand cigarette first-class cigarette raw material lazy weight, realizes that tobacco grower increases income, but also can overcome the disadvantages that fire-cured tobacco type
The not enough defect of aroma of low tar cigarette.
The method that existing reported in literature can improve upper tobacco leaf availability has：One is to promote upper smoke in terms of tobacco agriculture
Leaf is opened a business, hacking, coordinates the production measure in composition in upper tobacco leaf：Two be in good time ripe harvesting, promotes tobacco leaf to be normally layered
Fall Huang, improve upper tobacco leaf availability；Three be the harvesting of upper tobacco leaf multimode, improves upper smoke presentation quality feature, reaches and carry
The availability of high upper tobacco leaf.And upper tobacco leaf baking technology is simply improved in terms of tobacco industry, so as to improve upper tobacco leaf
Availability；Special feed liquid processing is handled or added using higher-strength in fiber tow production.The problem of this method is present be：It is right
The reduction of upper tobacco leaf nicotine content is limited, and upper tobacco leaf strength, the excitant after processing are still larger, industrially using limited,
Particularly use ratio is little in the cigarette of medium and high classes brand.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided Buddhist nun in the simple and effective reduction tobacco leaf of one kind
The method of ancient fourth content, to weaken flue gas strength, miscellaneous gas, excitement, reduces tobacco leaf（Especially upper tobacco leaf）Middle nicotine
Content.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of method of nicotine content in reduction tobacco leaf, including step：Tobacco leaf is subjected to redrying, it is then that redrying is good
Tobacco leaf is soaked in solvent at 40~80 DEG C, and soak time is 5~30 seconds；Dehydrated again.
In the above method provided by the present invention, the redrying can use the common process in this area.
It is preferred that, the time of the immersion is 5~20 seconds, most preferably 10~15 seconds.
The temperature of the immersion is preferably 45-70 DEG C, more preferably 55~75 DEG C, most preferably 55~65 DEG C.Soak time is
10~15 seconds.
Preferably, the w/v of the good tobacco leaf of the redrying and solvent is 50-70g/L.
The tobacco leaf soaks the aqueous solution of the used solvent for water, organic solvent, cocoa amidin or organic solvent.
The organic solvent can be the mixing of single organic solvent or a variety of organic solvents；The organic solvent it is water-soluble
Liquid can be gained after single organic solvent is mixed in any proportion with water solution or a variety of organic solvents and water by
The solution of gained after arbitrary proportion mixing.
Preferably, one or more mixtures of the organic solvent in propane diols, ethanol, glycerine.
Preferably, the cocoa power is selected from low fat cocoa powder or middle fat cocoa power.Cocoa butter contains in the low fat cocoa powder
It is 10.0-12.0wt% that amount, which is less than amount of cocoa butter content in 8.0wt%, the middle fat cocoa power,.
It is preferred that, the smoked sheet soaks the aqueous solution, the aqueous solution and cocoa of glycerine that used solvent is selected from propane diols
The aqueous solution of powder.
Preferably, the concentration of the aqueous solution of the cocoa power is 0.2-3wt%, preferably 1.5-2.5wt%.
Preferably, containing organic solvent 1-5wt%, preferably 1.5-2.5wt% in the aqueous solution of the organic solvent.
In the present invention, the dehydration is carried out using centrifuge.The preferred 10-70wt% of tobacco leaf water content after dehydration.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the centrifuge is 700-800 revs/min, dewatering time is 2-3 minutes.
Preferably, soaking the repeatable utilization of solvent used in tobacco leaf in the present invention, the number of times of the solvent recycling is
Less than 45 times, preferably less than 40 times, most preferably less than 10 times.
In the present invention, the tobacco leaf picking is obvious with quality of tobacco defect（Strength, miscellaneous gas, stimulation are larger）Upper smoke
Leaf, middle part tobacco leaf or lower tobacco leaf, preferably upper tobacco leaf.Present invention is especially suitable for improve upper tobacco leaf quality.
Upper tobacco leaf of the present invention by tobacco leaf, particularly nicotine content higher than 3% carries out solvent soaking under certain condition
Nicotine content reduction is obvious in processing, the tobacco leaf after processing, improves the low upper tobacco leaf credit rating of utilization rate, can enter
Enter, in the tobacco leaf formulation for the cigarette that performs.Industrial production is can apply to after the present invention is optimized, with important market prospects.
Embodiment
The present invention is expanded on further with reference to embodiment.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention, rather than
Limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：Influence of the temperature to quality of tobacco：
Totally 6 parts of the good experiment tobacco leaf of redrying is weighed, every part of 30g is standby in sampling dish.
（1）, sample is individually placed to Sha Buzhong, 6 beakers adjust water temperature and are respectively（45±2）℃、（50±2）℃、（55
±2）℃、（65±2）℃、（70±2）℃、（75±2）℃.Beaker（Fill 500ml hot water）It is respectively put into correspondence（45±2）
℃、（50±2）℃、（55±2）℃、（65±2）℃、（70±2）℃、（75±2）DEG C water-bath in, during to corresponding temperature,
Organic solvent or cocoa power are added, solvent as described in table 1 is configured to, then adds sample, respectively immersion 10 seconds, quickly
Pick up.
（2）, by baking oven regulation temperature be（75±5）DEG C, the sample soaked is placed in baking oven and dried 2 minutes, is taken out
Dry.Adjusting oven temperature again is（45±5）DEG C, the sample dried is placed into after baking oven, equilibrium water conten to 12.5 ± 5%, put
In climatic chamber.It is in temperature finally（22±2）DEG C, balanced more than 24 hours in the environment that relative humidity is 60 ± 5%,
Preparation is smoked panel test sample.Smoking result is as shown in table 2：
The different immersion solvents of table 1 and temperature
Table 2 soaks the influence of solvent and temperature to quality of tobacco
（3）Tobacco leaf nicotine analysis result：
Table 3
| Code name | Nicotine（%） | Reduced rate（%） |
| Tobacco leaf is as former state | 3.47 | — |
| 09061601 | 2.85 | 17.87 |
| 09061602 | 2.75 | 20.75 |
| 09061603 | 2.66 | 23.34 |
| 09061604a | 2.74 | 21.04 |
| 09061604b | 2.77 | 20.17 |
| 09061605 | 2.69 | 22.48 |
| 09061606 | 2.87 | 17.29 |
Experiment can be drawn to draw a conclusion more than：Effect with immersion type of elution processing tobacco leaf is obvious, its
Temperature is best in 65 DEG C or so effects.
Embodiment 2：Influence of the concentration of the different solvents aqueous solution to quality of tobacco
Totally 4 parts of the good experiment tobacco leaf of redrying is weighed, every part of 30g is standby in sampling dish.
（1）, sample is individually placed to Sha Buzhong, beaker regulation water temperature（55±2）℃、（60±2）℃、（65±2）℃.
Beaker（Fill 500ml hot water）It is respectively put into the water-bath of corresponding temperature, during to corresponding temperature, adds organic solvent or cocoa
Powder, is configured to the solvent of the concentration as described in table 3-5, then adds sample, soaks 10 seconds, quickly picks up respectively.
（2）, by baking oven regulation temperature be（75±5）DEG C, the sample soaked is placed in baking oven and dried 2 minutes, is taken out
Dry.Adjusting oven temperature again is（45±5）DEG C, the sample dried is placed into after baking oven, equilibrium water conten to 12.5 ± 5%, put
In climatic chamber.It is in temperature finally（22±2）DEG C, balanced more than 24 hours in the environment that relative humidity is 60 ± 5%,
Preparation is smoked panel test sample.Smoking result is as shown in Table 4-6：
Influence of the various concentrations of the aqueous solution of propylene glycol of table 4 to quality of tobacco
Influence of the various concentrations of the glycerine water solution of table 5 to quality of tobacco
Influence of the various concentrations of fat cocoa amidin to quality of tobacco in table 6
（3）Tobacco leaf nicotine analysis result：
Table 7
Embodiment 3：Influence of the different soak times to quality of tobacco
Totally 6 parts of the good experiment tobacco leaf of redrying is weighed, every part of 30g is standby in sampling dish
（1）, sample is individually placed to Sha Buzhong, beaker regulation water temperature（65±2）DEG C, beaker（Fill 500ml hot water）Put
Enter（65±2）DEG C water-bath in, during to corresponding temperature, add organic solvent or cocoa power, be configured to the concentration as described in table 8
Solvent, then add sample, soak 5 respectively, 10,15,20,25,30 seconds, quickly pick up.
（2）, by baking oven regulation temperature be（75±5）DEG C, the sample soaked is placed in baking oven and dried 2 minutes, is taken out
Dry.Adjusting oven temperature again is（45±5）DEG C, the sample dried is placed into after baking oven, equilibrium water conten to 12.5 ± 5%, put
In climatic chamber.It is in temperature finally（22±2）DEG C, balanced more than 24 hours in the environment that relative humidity is 60 ± 5%,
Preparation is smoked panel test sample.Smoking result is as shown in table 9：
The different immersion solvents of table 8 and time
Table 9 soaks the influence of solvent and time to quality of tobacco
Experiment can draw to draw a conclusion more than：Interval effect was best at 10 seconds to 15 seconds for soak time.
（3）Tobacco leaf nicotine analysis result：
Table 10
Embodiment 4：The contrast experiment of different upper tobacco leafs
Test tobacco leaf（The good upper tobacco leaf of redrying）：1 Guizhou Shi Zhen B2F, 2 Southwest Guizhous（2007）A21BZ, 3 Guizhou
The southwest of Guizhou Province B1F（A）, 4 Southwest Guizhou B1F, 5 Sanming, Fujian Provinces（2007）B2F, 6 Sichuan Liangshan Districts（2007）B2F, 7 Henan（2006）
B2F, 8 primary modules（As former state, tobacco leaf used in above example）
The experiment tobacco leaf of the above eight every part of 30g is weighed, it is standby in sampling dish
（1）, respectively 1#-8# samples are placed on Sha Buzhong, beaker regulation water temperature（65±2）DEG C, beaker（Fill 500ml heat
Water）It is put into（65±2）DEG C water-bath in, during to corresponding temperature, add propane diols：14 grams of stirrings, then be respectively put into sample
In beaker, soak 12 seconds, quickly pick up.
（2）, by baking oven regulation temperature be（75±5）DEG C, the sample soaked is placed in baking oven and dried 2 minutes, is taken out
Dry.Adjusting oven temperature again is（45±5）DEG C, the sample dried is placed into after baking oven, equilibrium water conten to 12.5 ± 5%, put
In climatic chamber.It is in temperature finally（22±2）DEG C, balanced more than 24 hours in the environment that relative humidity is 60 ± 5%,
Preparation is smoked panel test sample.Smoking result is as shown in table 11：
The influence of each grade tobacco leaf of table 11 under the same conditions to tobacco variety
Conclusion：By the way that using aqueous solution of propylene glycol as solvent, the 12 seconds eight grade top to more than is soaked in 65 DEG C of hot water
Tobacco leaf treatment effect is more substantially, more more obvious than larger improvement with strength and stimulation.It is mainly reflected in：Miscellaneous gas, strength,
Stimulate and reduce substantially, pleasant impression is more comfortable, there is certain flue gas concentration, nicotine content reduction is obvious.
Embodiment 5：Imitate industrial production in laboratory
Due to can take a certain amount of reagent out of when taking out after the immersion of every hypo-tobacco leaf, using having soaked every time after tobacco leaf again
Identical reagent is added into beaker extremely identical with amount of reagent initial in beaker（For example initiating reagent consumption is 500ml, then soaks
It is complete once after supplement identical reagent thereto to 500ml, then weigh primary module experiment tobacco leaf and carry out second and soak, with such
Push away）, next experiment is entered back into, detailed process is as follows：
Primary module 65 parts of tobacco leaf of experiment is weighed, every part of 30g is standby in sampling dish
（1）, respectively 1#-65# samples are placed on Sha Buzhong, beaker regulation water temperature（65±2）℃.Beaker（Fill 500ml heat
Water）It is put into（65±2）DEG C water-bath in, during to corresponding temperature, add the stirring of 14 grams of propane diols, 1# samples be put into beaker
In, soak 12 seconds, quickly pick up.Same feed liquid that same temperature prepares is supplemented at once to 500ml, repeats above-mentioned experiment,
Untill 65 parts of primary module experiment tobacco leaves are finished.
（2）, by baking oven regulation temperature be（75±5）DEG C, the sample soaked is placed in baking oven and dried 2 minutes, is taken out
Dry.Adjusting oven temperature again is（45±5）DEG C, the sample dried is placed into after baking oven, equilibrium water conten to 12.5 ± 5%, put
In climatic chamber.It is in temperature finally（22±2）DEG C, balanced more than 24 hours in the environment that relative humidity is 60 ± 5%,
Preparation is smoked panel test sample.Smoking result is as shown in table 9：
（3）, sample selection：Smoked panel test by 1#, 5#, 10#, 15#, 20#, 25#, 30#, 40#, 50#, 65# sequential sampling,
Find out and raw sample suitable number substantially.
The different solvents of table 9 soak influence of the number of times to quality of tobacco
Conclusion：By the way that using propane diols as solvent, 14 grams are added in 500 milliliters of hot water, immersion 12 seconds in 65 DEG C of hot water, constantly
Supplement fresh 65 DEG C of feed liquids the effect that is handled of tobacco leaf is tested to above 1#-60# primary modules and compare.1#, 5#, 10# effect base
This is consistent, compared with tobacco leaf former state, and its strength and stimulation are more more obvious than larger improvement.It is mainly reflected in：Miscellaneous gas, strength,
Stimulate and reduce substantially, pleasant impression is more comfortable, there is certain flue gas concentration.15#-40# is declined slightly, and suppression ratio is brighter after 45#
It is aobvious.
（4）Simple chemical analysis
The chemical analysis results of table 10
Analysis：Elution is once（1# samples are soaked once with fresh feed liquid）Total alkaloid（%）Decline 0.74%（Amplitude
21.33%）
Elution five times（5# samples are soaked once with the feed liquid for supplementing 4 fresh feed liquids）Total alkaloid（%）Decline 0.71%
（Amplitude 20.46%）
Elution ten times（10# samples are soaked once with the feed liquid for supplementing 9 fresh feed liquids）Total alkaloid（%）Decline
0.57%（Amplitude 16.43%）
Contrasted with using " supercritical fluid extraction " mode：
After 5# samples are extracted with " supercritical fluid extraction " mode, total alkaloid（%）Decline 0.53%（Amplitude 15.27%）
After 3# samples are extracted with " supercritical fluid extraction " mode, total alkaloid（%）Decline 0.39%（Amplitude 11.24%）
Not only its excitant and pleasant impression are less than elution of the invention to sample after being extracted with " supercritical fluid extraction " mode, and
And the loss of its sweet fragrance is larger.
Embodiment 6：
Weigh primary module experiment tobacco leaf（Upper tobacco leaf）4 parts, every part of 30g, a copy of it is as control sample, mounted in sampling dish
In, it is standby.
（1）2#-4# samples are placed on Sha Buzhong respectively；Beaker（500ml hot water is filled in beaker）It is put into（65±2）DEG C
In water-bath, add 14 grams of propane diols and stir, the temperature for treating beaker reclaimed water is（65±2）DEG C when, 2# samples are put into beaker
In, soak 12 seconds, quickly pick up.Same feed liquid that same temperature prepares is supplemented at once to 500ml, repeats above-mentioned experiment,
Untill 3 samples are finished.
（2）Baking oven is adjusted（75±5）DEG C, dry 2 minutes, take out and dry, adjust baking oven（45±5）DEG C, by sample again
Baking oven is put into, equilibrium water conten is placed in climatic chamber to 12.5 ± 5%.Regulation exists（22±2）DEG C, relative humidity 60 ± 5%
Environmental balance more than 24 hours, prepares sample of smokeing panel test.
（3）Smoking result：
Table 11
| Sample number into spectrum | Flue gas concentration | Miscellaneous gas | Strength | Excitant | Pleasant impression |
| Tobacco leaf is as former state（Control sample） | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2# | +1.0 | +2.0 | +2.0 | +2.0 | +1.5 |
| 3# | +1.0 | +1.5 | +2.0 | +2.0 | +1.5 |
| 4# | +1.0 | +1.5 | +1.5 | +1.5 | +1.0 |
Conclusion：2#, 3#, 4# effect and control sample ratio, it is more more obvious than larger improvement with strength and stimulation.Major embodiment
：Miscellaneous gas, strength, stimulation are reduced substantially, and pleasant impression is more comfortable, there is certain flue gas concentration.
（4）Tobacco leaf nicotine analysis result：
Table 12
| Sample number into spectrum | Nicotine（%） | Reduced rate（%） |
| Control sample | 3.47 | — |
| 2# | 2.76 | 20.5 |
| 3# | 2.90 | 16.4 |
| 4# | 2.73 | 21.3 |
Smoke panel test explanation
After the difference of test specimen and control sample of smokeing panel test, every Sensory quality index of test specimen " -2, -1.5, -
1.0th, selection is scored in -0.5,0 ,+0.5 ,+1.0 ,+1.5 ,+20 "."+" represents that index's quality improves or improved, and "-" represents to refer to
Mark quality reduction or decline, " 0 " represents index's quality indifference." 1 ", " 2 " represent more every finger of smokeing panel test compared with control sample
Target intensity of variation：" 1 " represents that index's quality is changed, and " 2 " represent that index's quality change is obvious.Tobacco leaf former state above index is all
For " 0 ", concentration, strength are reduced to "+".
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method for reducing nicotine content in tobacco leaf, including step：Tobacco leaf is subjected to redrying, then by the good cigarette of redrying
Leaf is soaked in solvent at 55~75 DEG C, and soak time is 5~30 seconds；Dehydrated again, finished product smoked sheet；It is described
Smoked sheet soaks the aqueous solution of the used solvent for the aqueous solution, the aqueous solution of glycerine and cocoa power of propane diols；The cocoa power
The aqueous solution concentration be 0.2-3wt%；Contain propane diols 1-5wt%, the water of the glycerine in the aqueous solution of the propane diols
Contain glycerine 1-5wt% in solution；The tobacco leaf is the tobacco leaf that nicotine content is higher than 3%.
2. as claimed in claim 1 in reduction tobacco leaf nicotine content method, it is characterised in that the temperature of the immersion is
55~65 DEG C, soak time is 10~15 seconds.
3. the method for nicotine content in tobacco leaf is reduced as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the cocoa power is selected from low
Fat cocoa power or middle fat cocoa power.
4. the method for nicotine content in tobacco leaf is reduced as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the dehydration is using centrifugation
Machine is carried out, and the tobacco leaf water content after dehydration is 10-70wt%.
5. the method for nicotine content in tobacco leaf is reduced as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that molten used in immersion smoked sheet
Agent is repeatable to be utilized, and the number of times of the solvent recycling is less than 45 times.
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| CN106723302B (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-10-26 | 深圳昱朋科技有限公司 | Tobacco tar and preparation method thereof |
| CN113142634A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-23 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Preparation method of tobacco with low nicotine content |
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| CN1013921B (en) * | 1989-03-16 | 1991-09-18 | 黄世骅 | Process of low-poison tobacco |
| CN1124119A (en) * | 1993-11-16 | 1996-06-12 | 周宏伟 | Tobacco and its processing method |
| CN100353876C (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2007-12-12 | 周水平 | Tobacco water leaching method for lowering its tar and toxicity |
| US20120031415A1 (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2012-02-09 | Swedish Match North Europe Ab | Non-tobacco moist snuff composition and a method for its manufacture |
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