A kind of for meat corrosion-resistant composition and method of making the same
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparing technical field of a kind of new compositions additive or additive, specifically a kind of composition containing Folium Forsythiae extract purposes in preparing preservative for meat that relates to.
Background technology
Meat products is very easily subject to microbial destruction and rots in processing, storage, process of consumption, simultaneously also very easily oxidized and affect the local flavor of meat products, and the past uses artificial synthetic antioxidant and bactericide.Owing to more and more studies confirm that the insecurity of artificial synthetic preservative, current many countries successively cancel or have limited the use of artificial synthetic preservative, and be devoted to research, extract natural antiseptic agent from plant.In the anti-corrosive fresh-keeping of cold fresh meat, with natural materials, replace chemical synthesis anticorrisive agent to become the trend of research.
Antiseptics for natural food can be divided into: five kinds of antiseptics for natural food such as animal sources, microbial source, plant source, natural organic-compound and mineral extract.The advantages such as wherein plant source antiseptic agent is due to aboundresources, and material is easy to get, and toxic and side effect is little enjoy favor.From plant, extracting natural materials has become the focus of food preservative field current research.
Show after deliberation: many plants all have restraining and sterilizing bacteria ability, so natural antiseptic agent of plant source source is very extensive, on the known world, approximately exists at present more than 20,000 to plant the medicinal plant with restraining and sterilizing bacteria effect.In 4773 kinds of Chinese traditional herbs of including in < < Chinese medicine dictionary > >, plant has antibacterial antisepsis at least 2000, their drug effect is clear and definite, security is secure, has wide development and application values.Research discovery, multiple natural plants, as the extract of rosemary, Xue MingRosma rinus officinalis, cloves, Chinese cassia tree, lotus leaf, garlic, aloe, turmeric, honeysuckle, wild marjoram, Chinese prickly ash etc. all has bacteriostasis.
Because China is vast in territory, floristics is various, and for natural antiseptic agent of plant source provides the raw material not to the utmost of using, natural antiseptic agent has wide spectrum, low toxicity, safety, the advantage such as effective in addition, and natural antiseptic agent of plant source has vast potential for future development.The development trend of current food preservative is: several different natural antiseptic agents are mixed and use or natural antiseptic agent and other chemical preservatives are used in conjunction with.So not only can reduce the consumption of chemical preservative, make again sterilization conditions gentleer, reach Synergistic or complementary effect simultaneously.
The capsule of weeping forsythia is one of conventional Chinese medicine, is the fruit of the Oleaceae plants capsule of weeping forsythia, and in China Henan, there is establishing in large scale on the ground such as Shanxi, Shaanxi, Hebei.Although the history of being used as medicine with Folium Forsythia is long, the record that rarely has Folium Forsythia to be used as medicine in the herbal ancient books and records in China's successive dynasties.The comprehensive research to Folium Forsythia in recent years, shows: in Folium Forsythia, contain rosin spirit glycoside, phillyrin, pinoresinol, phillygenin; Flavone compound: rutin; Phenylethylene derivative: salidroside, capsule of weeping forsythia Lai wood glucoside, capsule of weeping forsythia fat glucoside A, C, D, E etc., still containing triterpene compound: compositions such as ursolic acid, betulinic acid, oleanolic acids, active component in active component in Folium Forsythia and capsule of weeping forsythia fruit is very similar, and in Folium Forsythia, the content of Related Component part is far above the content in capsule of weeping forsythia fruit, the content of forsythin is higher than fruit more than 10 times, and the content of Forsythoside higher than fruit 5-10 doubly.Because the compositions such as forsythin, Forsythoside, rutin, dextrorotation pinoresinol are the active components in the capsule of weeping forsythia, they have antiviral, anti-oxidant, antibacterial, suppress the multiple efficacies such as elastoser, anti-inflammatory, so Folium Forsythia also has certain antiviral, antibacterial action, simultaneously because Folium Forsythia resource is very abundant, output is subject to extraneous factor to affect the advantages such as less, therefore has good development and application values.
In prior art, Folium Forsythiae extract and chemical preservative applied in any combination are studied seldom in meat anti-corrosive fresh-keeping.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the composition and method of making the same of a kind of Folium Forsythiae extract and chemical preservative and as the new purposes of meat antisepsis antistaling agent active ingredient, preparation method of the present invention easily and fast, the composition making has stronger anti-corrosive fresh-keeping effect to fresh meat, shows obvious synergy.Its main component---Folium Forsythiae extract composition is natural, and bioavailability is high, and security reliability is good.
The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above, and the technical scheme adopting is: a kind of for meat corrosion-resistant composition, described composition is comprised of the raw material of following parts by weight: 2.5 parts of Folium Forsythiae extracts, 1 part of sodium Diacetate, 1 part of potassium sorbate.The addition of described composition is 4.5% of preparation spray solution quality.Its concrete preparation process is:
(1) preparation of Folium Forsythiae extract: getting at room temperature airing of fresh Folium Forsythia to water content is 30%-40%, afterwards, put into crusher for crushing to 30-60 order, then, Folium Forsythia after pulverizing is placed in to microwave dryer, at the Folium Forsythia volume of putting into microwave dryer, account under the condition of the inner free space 1/3~1/2 of microwave dryer, adjusting microwave power is 700~900W, microwave treatment 50~80s, then, to adding mass concentration in the Folium Forsythia after microwave treatment, be the Vc solution of 0.1-0.15%, add the Folium Forsythia after Vc solution and microwave treatment ratio of weight and number be 5-7:1, afterwards, heating digestion to the volume of mixture is the 1/3-1/2 of digestion front volume, digestion finishes rear filtration, get filtrate, standby,
The concrete steps that wherein heat digestion are: first at 60-70 ℃ of temperature, add heat soaking 40-60min, afterwards, be warming up to 200 ℃ and start digestions, until the volume of mixture is the 1/3-1/2 of digestion front volume with the heating rate of 5 ℃/min.
Adopt the ethanol that volumetric concentration is 55% to carry out lixiviate to the filter residue obtaining after filtering, during lixiviate, every 1g Folium Forsythia is used 30mL ethanol, after lixiviate finishes, the filtrate obtaining after the leaching liquor obtaining and digestion filtration is merged, standing, filter, at 50 ℃, reduced pressure concentration reclaims ethanol, obtain concentrate, room temperature is standing, filters, obtain Folium Forsythia extract, afterwards, the Folium Forsythia extract transposition obtaining, in vacuum freeze drier inner drying 48 h, is obtained to solid forsythia suspense extraction;
(2) preparation of composition: get by weight after Folium Forsythiae extract, 1 part of sodium Diacetate and 1 part of potassium sorbate that 2.5 parts of steps (1) make fully mix and obtain finished product.
Beneficial effect:
(1), the invention provides a kind of new high preservative for meat formula of natural degree, the meat anticorrosive additive needs of modern's safety and Health have been met, to the prepared preservative for meat of the present invention, auxiliary meat anti-corrosive fresh-keeping activity test shows: while using separately with respect to natural antiseptic agent (Folium Forsythiae extract) and chemical preservative (sodium Diacetate and potassium sorbate), said composition shows significant antiseptic power and obvious synergistic function.Meanwhile, Folium Forsythiae extract, as natural products, coordinates the composition forming with chemical preservative, little, safe compared with simple artificial synthetic anticorrisive agent toxicity, and good stability is applied widely, has wide development prospect.
(2), composition of the present invention is pulverized and is extracted after Folium Forsythiae extract by Folium Forsythia, make finished product with sodium Diacetate and potassium sorbate hybrid process again, method itself is simple to operate, process conditions are gentle, separative efficiency is high, and the utilization rate of Folium Forsythia is high, and finished product purity is higher, quality is better, can meet the needs of industrialized production.
(3), the present invention is extracting in the process of Folium Forsythiae extract from fresh Folium Forsythia, adopt and first fresh Folium Forsythia is placed in to airing under room temperature, pulverize afterwards the also step of microwave treatment, Folium Forsythia after airing has lost the free water in most blade, can effectively prevent in Folium Forsythia that water miscible effective pharmaceutical component such as forsythiaside A is when microwave treatment, evaporation with moisture is run off, and, pass through microwave treatment, can make the explosion of blade table layer, the mechanism structure of cell membrane changes, possessed loose porous character, in follow-up heating digestion process, can be more abundant, fast by the forsythin in blade, forsythiaside A, the lixiviates such as flavone compound out, improve extracting efficiency and effective leaching rate of effective pharmaceutical component.
Simultaneously, microwave treatment heats up rapidly blade, increased the tissue water mobility in blade, wherein, blade intensive amount is less has and regulates the saponin of immunity, anti-sudden change, anti-oxidation function to be dissolved in moisture rapidly, and in the steps such as follow-up lixiviate, enters in extract and final finished product, strengthen the medicinal efficacy of finished product, improved the use value of finished product.
(4), in the Folium Forsythia of the present invention after microwave treatment, added the Vc solution that mass concentration is 0.1-0.15%, in high temperature, heat-flash environment that the slant acidity environment that Vc solution provides can be when Folium Forsythia heats digestion, guarantee the stability of effective pharmaceutical component forsythiaside A main in Folium Forsythia, prevent its decomposition and loss, improve the medical value of finished product.
The extraction process of digestion and filter residue lixiviate makes the effective pharmaceutical component in Folium Forsythia obtain extracting the most fully, makes finished product Folium Forsythiae extract composition various, and the component contents such as forsythiaside A and forsythin are high, good stability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is anticorrosive composite of the present invention impact on pork total plate count 4 ℃ of storage periods;
Fig. 2 is anticorrosive composite of the present invention impact on mutton total plate count 4 ℃ of storage periods;
Fig. 3 is anticorrosive composite of the present invention impact on beef total plate count 4 ℃ of storage periods;
Fig. 4 is anticorrosive composite of the present invention impact on pork pH 4 ℃ of storage periods;
Fig. 5 is anticorrosive composite of the present invention impact on mutton pH 4 ℃ of storage periods;
Fig. 6 is anticorrosive composite of the present invention impact on beef pH 4 ℃ of storage periods;
Fig. 7 is anticorrosive composite of the present invention impact on pork meat red scale value 4 ℃ of storage periods;
Fig. 8 is anticorrosive composite of the present invention impact on mutton meat red scale value 4 ℃ of storage periods;
Fig. 9 is anticorrosive composite of the present invention impact on beef meat red scale value 4 ℃ of storage periods;
Figure 10 is the result chart that during anticorrosive composite of the present invention is measured the physical and chemical index of meat, organoleptic indicator evaluates;
What Figure 11 was anticorrosive composite of the present invention 4 ℃ of storage periods on pork sensory evaluation affects result chart;
What Figure 12 was anticorrosive composite of the present invention 4 ℃ of storage periods on beef sensory evaluation affects result chart;
What Figure 13 was anticorrosive composite of the present invention 4 ℃ of storage periods on mutton sensory evaluation affects result chart.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention.Following examples are interpreted as only for the present invention is described, is not used in and limits the scope of the invention.After having read the content of the present invention's record, those skilled in the art can make various modifications or change to the present invention, and these equivalences change and modification falls into the scope of the claims in the present invention equally.
For a meat corrosion-resistant composition, described composition is comprised of the raw material of following parts by weight: 2.5 parts of Folium Forsythiae extracts, 1 part of sodium Diacetate, 1 part of potassium sorbate.The addition of described composition is 4.5% of preparation spray solution quality.Its concrete preparation process is:
(1) preparation of Folium Forsythiae extract: getting at room temperature airing of the fresh Folium Forsythia of 50g to water content is 40%, afterwards, put into crusher for crushing to 40 order, then, Folium Forsythia after pulverizing is placed in to microwave dryer, wherein, the Folium Forsythia volume of putting in microwave dryer is the inner free space 1/2 of microwave dryer, adjusting microwave power is 800W, microwave treatment 80s, then, to adding mass concentration in the Folium Forsythia after microwave treatment, be 0.12% Vc solution 150mL, at 65 ℃ of temperature, add heat soaking 50min, afterwards, heating rate with 5 ℃/min is warming up to 200 ℃ of beginning digestions, until the volume of mixture is 80mL, digestion finishes rear filtration, get filtrate, standby,
To filtering the filter residue obtaining, 60 ℃ of lixiviate 40 min of the ethanol that is 55% by 450mL volumetric concentration, after lixiviate finishes, filter, the filtrate obtaining after the leaching liquor obtaining and digestion filtration is merged, standing, filter, at 50 ℃, reduced pressure concentration reclaims ethanol, obtains concentrate, afterwards, room temperature is standing, filters, obtain Folium Forsythia extract, afterwards, the Folium Forsythia extract transposition obtaining, in vacuum freeze drier inner drying 48 h, is obtained to solid forsythia suspense extraction;
The mensuration of forsythiaside A and forsythin in Folium Forsythiae extract: precision takes forsythiaside A reference substance and forsythin reference substance, adding volumetric concentration is 50% methyl alcohol, makes respectively every 1ml containing the solution of forsythiaside A 0.2 mg and forsythin 0.24 mg.Mobile phase be methyl alcohol (A)-water (containing 0.2% glacial acetic acid) (B), gradient elution: 0~3 min, 32%~32%A; 3~25 min, 32%~55%A; 25~30 min, 55%~55%A, measures wavelength 235 nm, flow velocity l ml/min, 30 ℃ of column temperatures, sample size 10 μ l.Measuring forsythiaside A content in forsythia suspense extraction is 169.724mg/g, and Determination of forsythin is 41.23mg/g.
(2) preparation of composition: get by weight after forsythia suspense extraction, 1 part of sodium Diacetate and 1 part of potassium sorbate that 2.5 parts of steps (1) make fully mix and obtain finished product.
What experimental program of the present invention adopted is that (wherein forsythiaside A content is 169.724mg/g to the homemade extract dry powder doses from Folium Forsythia extraction preparation in this laboratory, Determination of forsythin is 41.23mg/g), but the effect of Folium Forsythiae extract is also applicable to other formulation; Sodium Diacetate and potassium sorbate are food stage sodium Diacetate and the food stage potassium sorbate of buying from the market; Composition is characterised in that the raw material being comprised of following weight parts is formulated: 2.5 parts of Folium Forsythiae extracts, 1 part of sodium Diacetate, 1 part of potassium sorbate.The present invention, by the auxiliary meat anti-corrosive fresh-keeping activity test of Folium Forsythiae extract, sodium Diacetate and potassium sorbate composition, observes the effect effect of said composition to meat anti-corrosive fresh-keeping.
Meat anti-corrosive fresh-keeping evaluation experimental
1. experiment material, reagent and instrument
1.1 experiment material
Folium Forsythia, plucks in area, west, Henan; Food stage sodium Diacetate; Food stage potassium sorbate
Cold fresh pork; Cold fresh mutton; Cold fresh beef.
1.2 experiment reagent
Reagent name |
Reagent specification |
Sodium chloride |
Analyze pure |
Beef extract |
Biochemical reagents |
Peptone |
Biochemical reagents |
Agar powder |
Biochemical reagents |
The preparation of 1.3 nutrient agars
By beef extract 0.5 g, peptone 1.0 g, NaCl 0.5 g and agar 1.2~2.0 g are dissolved in 100 mL water, regulate mixture pH to 7.2,121 ℃ of sterilizing 20 min.
Laboratory apparatus
Instrument and model
|
Manufacturer
|
Haier's refrigerator |
Qingdao HaiEr Co., Ltd |
Electric drying oven with forced convection |
Beijing is bright Medical Instruments factory forever |
HH-S thermostat water bath |
Community of Jin Tan County city Yi Tong Electronics Co., Ltd. |
DL-1 type universal electric furnace |
The bright medical apparatus and instruments factory in Beijing |
WF2UV2800AH type UV, visible light light splitting photometry |
You Nike (Shanghai) Instrument Ltd. |
TG16-W type high speed centrifugal machine for minim |
Hunan, Changsha instrument centrifuge instrument Co., Ltd |
FA 110EA type electronic balance |
Shanghai Jing Hai Instrument Ltd. |
Liquid-transfering gun |
Dragon Medical(Shanghai) Co., Ltd. |
Vacuum pump using circulatory water |
Gongyi City Ying Guhuayu instrument plant |
Water isolation type electro-heating standing-temperature cultivator |
Shanghai leap medical apparatus and instruments factory |
BS2100S electronic balance |
Beijing Sai Duoli balance company |
Other instruments are laboratory common equipment.
2. experimental technique
The preparation of 2.1 Folium Forsythiae extracts
At room temperature airing of fresh Folium Forsythia to water content is 40%, afterwards, put into crusher for crushing to 40 order, then, Folium Forsythia after pulverizing is placed in to microwave dryer, wherein, the Folium Forsythia volume of putting in microwave dryer is the inner free space 1/2 of microwave dryer, adjusting microwave power is 800W, microwave treatment 80s, then, to adding mass concentration in the Folium Forsythia after microwave treatment, be 0.12% Vc solution 150mL, at 65 ℃ of temperature, add heat soaking 50min, afterwards, heating rate with 5 ℃/min is warming up to 200 ℃ of beginning digestions, until the volume of mixture is 80mL, digestion finishes rear filtration, get filtrate, standby,
To filtering the filter residue obtaining, 60 ℃ of lixiviate 40 min of the ethanol that is 55% by 450mL volumetric concentration, after lixiviate finishes, filter, the filtrate obtaining after the leaching liquor obtaining and digestion filtration is merged, standing, filter, at 50 ℃, reduced pressure concentration reclaims ethanol, obtains concentrate, afterwards, room temperature is standing, filters, obtain Folium Forsythia extract, afterwards, the Folium Forsythia extract transposition obtaining, in vacuum freeze drier inner drying 48 h, is obtained to solid forsythia suspense extraction.
The processing of 2.2 meat samples
The pork of purchase, beef, mutton are placed in to but acid discharge 24 h of refrigerator and cooled, make its central temperature be down to 0~4 ℃.In advance by required instrument through 75% cotton ball soaked in alcohol wiping, and through ultraviolet irradiation 15 min.In superclean bench, remove manadesma and fat, be cut into the cube meat of 50 g left and right, cube meat is divided into 6 groups at random, every group includes 6 cube meat and repeats.With the antistaling agent of following variable concentrations, process respectively, and do negative control with sterilized water.Processing method adopts spray process, drains 15~30 min after processing in superclean bench, with preservative film, does vacuum packaging, is placed in 4 ℃ of refrigerators, respectively at the 0th, 3,6,9,12 d, measures indices.
test group
Processed group |
Folium Forsythiae extract/g |
Sodium Diacetate/g |
Potassium sorbate/g |
1 group |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 groups |
0.5 |
0.5 |
1 |
3 groups |
1 |
1 |
2.5 |
4 groups |
2 |
2 |
5 |
5 groups |
1 |
1 |
0 |
6 groups |
0 |
0 |
5 |
According to aforementioned proportion, with 50% ethanol, each group is settled to 100 mL.Wherein, the 1st group of negative contrast, the 5th group of positive contrast.
The mensuration of 2.3 microbiological indicator total plate counts
According to GB4789.2-2010 food hygiene microbiology, detect the mensuration of total plate count.With plate count, result represents Logcfu/g with the logarithm of bacterium number.Concrete operations are as follows: with sterile working, meat sample 25 g are shredded and are put in sterilizing mortar, grind the fully rear even dilution of making 1:10 with 225 mL sterile salines, transfer to sterilized presetting in right quantity bead triangular flask, fully concussion.With 1 mL sterilizing suction pipe, draw dilution 1 mL, along tube wall, slowly inject and contain 9 mL sterile salines in vitro, jolting test tube, mixes, and makes 10 times and increases progressively dilution, so often increases progressively dilution once, uses 11 mL sterilizing suction pipe instead.According to food hygienic standard requirement, select 2~3 suitable dilution gradients, when doing dilution gradient, to draw the pipette of this dilution gradient, to move in 1 mL dilution and sterilizing culture dish respectively, each dilution gradient is made two culture dishes.Dilution moves into after culture dish, should will be cooled in time nutrient agar injection culture dish approximately 15 mL of 46 ℃, and rotates culture dish and make to mix.Nutrient agar impouring is added with in the sterilising medium of 1 mL SPSS simultaneously and does blank.After agar solidifies, upset is dull and stereotyped, cultivates 48 h in 36 ℃ of constant incubators.
The mensuration of 2.4 physical and chemical indexs
2.4.1 the mensuration of pH
Get above-mentioned lapping liquid and directly measure its pH with acidometer.In triplicate, average.
2.4.2. the mensuration of aberration
Meat sample is cut into approximately 1 sliced meat that cm is thick, 3-4 cm is wide, uses preservative film package formation, with color difference meter, measure its aberration.
2.5 organoleptic indicators evaluate
Respectively to the color and luster of meat sample, become sour hide, peculiar smell, surface changes and overall acceptability is evaluated marking, then indices is carried out respectively to statistical analysis.Result as shown in figure 10.
3. result of the test: as shown in accompanying drawing 1-13.
4. conclusion (of pressure testing): test is evaluated the corrosion-resistanting fresh-keeping effect of preservative to cold fresh meat by a plurality of indexs (total plate count, pH, the red degree of meat sample, aesthetic quality), from above-mentioned graph results:
Total plate count: 2.5% preservative of Folium Forsythiae extract+1% sodium Diacetate+1% potassium sorbate is, the preservative of sodium Diacetate+2% potassium sorbate of 5% Folium Forsythiae extract+2% has obvious inhibitory action to the increase of cold fresh meat total plate count, and effect when its effect is significantly better than using separately, but this fungistatic effect between the two there is no significant difference (P>0.05).
The effect that the preservative of pH:2.5% Folium Forsythiae extract+1% sodium Diacetate+1% potassium sorbate, the preservative of 5% Folium Forsythiae extract+2% sodium Diacetate+2% potassium sorbate have the cold fresh meat pH of remarkable inhibition to increase, and between the two without significant difference, and its effect is significantly better than each component effect (P<0.05) that use is separately.
The red degree of meat sample: the meat sample red scale value of each processed group all with the prolongation of storage time by low.But each processed group all with control group without significant difference (P>0.05).Illustrate, each processed group is on there being the impact of beef aberration all not remarkable.
Aesthetic quality: the overall acceptability of each processed group is all higher than remarkable control group, but there is no significant difference between each processed group.Illustrate, each organizes anticorrisive agent all has effect more significantly to the sensory evaluation of mutton.
Generally speaking, when combination anticorrosion agent concentration is higher, although there is good antiseptic effect, but sensory evaluation decline and high cost, be not suitable for production application, and the preservative of 1% Folium Forsythiae extract+0.5% sodium Diacetate+0.5% potassium sorbate does not have good bacteriostasis, make cold fresh meat corrupt too early, so antiseptic effect is also poor.Therefore,, according to above conclusion (of pressure testing), the preservative of 2.5% Folium Forsythiae extract+1% sodium Diacetate+1% potassium sorbate can be used as more suitable addition.While using separately with respect to Folium Forsythiae extract and sodium Diacetate, potassium sorbate, preservative has stronger anti-corrosive fresh-keeping effect to fresh meat, shows obvious synergy.