CN104160599B - Method for manufacture machine element and the machine element for motor - Google Patents

Method for manufacture machine element and the machine element for motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104160599B
CN104160599B CN201280063277.8A CN201280063277A CN104160599B CN 104160599 B CN104160599 B CN 104160599B CN 201280063277 A CN201280063277 A CN 201280063277A CN 104160599 B CN104160599 B CN 104160599B
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magnetic
powder particle
machine element
dusty material
powder
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CN201280063277.8A
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CN104160599A (en
Inventor
S.A.埃文斯
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/02Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the magnetic material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0206Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
    • H01F41/0246Manufacturing of magnetic circuits by moulding or by pressing powder
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/02Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
    • H02K2201/15Sectional machines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

It is used to manufacture particularly for the stator of motor or the machine element of rotor the present invention relates to a kind of(1)Method, with the following steps:Powder particle with elongated magnetic is provided in pressing mold(12)Magnetic dusty material;The magnetic field of provided dusty material is provided;In pressing mold(17)Middle compacted powder material;And connection powder particle, to obtain machine element(1).

Description

Method for manufacture machine element and the machine element for motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of machine element for motor, the magnetic field of the stator or rotor for motor is especially guided Machine element.The present invention is additionally related to the method for manufacturing this kind of machine element.
Background technology
In addition to the slice structure of machine element, it is also known that, some machine elements for being used to guide magnetic field are built, it Use soft magnetic composite(SMC)Dusty material manufactures, such as Somaloy 700, and it is for example by " Somaloy technologies "(Somaloy Volume, in October, 2010, He Genasi Co., Ltds, Switzerland, www.hoganas.com)It is open.
SMC material is made up of the iron core particles of surface insulation, and they unevenly shape, but with formed objects substantially For spherical structure.Dusty material has the particle made of iron compound, and these particles have the compacting for being adapted to machine element With the size of shaping.Particle can be for example with about 0.1 mm size and in an only step with about 800 MPa Pressure is compacted, to obtain the magnetic machine element of the shape of complexity and narrow tolerance.The SMC machine device element being compacted is right Heated afterwards at a temperature of about 500 DEG C about 30 minutes, to obtain machine element.
The defects of used dusty material, is thus people are only capable of obtaining the magnetic for having the homogeneous on all direction in spaces The machine element of property.Although this is to having the motor of the magnetic flux characteristic of three-dimensional, such as motor in axial magnetic field, claw-pole motor and transverse magnetic Three-way motor is favourable, but in other types of motor, magnetic field corresponds to a kind of radial pattern, in the field pattern, magnetic line of force base One-dimensionally and in the specific zonule interior edge two spaces direction of magnetic loop extend in sheet.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of machine suppressed with dusty material for having more preferably magnetic Element and a kind of method for being more preferably used to manufacture this kind of machine element.
This technical problem for the method for the machine element of motor and is passed through by the manufacture as described in claim 1 The machine element for motor as described in claim arranged side by side solves.
Other favourable extension designs of the present invention illustrate in the dependent claims.
According to the on one side, it is specified that a kind of be used to manufacture in particular for the stator of motor or the machine element of rotor Method, this method comprises the following steps:
- said magnetic powder materials of elongated magnetic powder particles is provided with pressing mold;
- apply the magnetic field that provided dusty material is provided;
- in pressing mold compacted powder material;
- connection powder particle, to obtain machine element.
The above-mentioned thought for manufacture machine element is, has the dusty material of elongated magnetic-particle when compressing or compression Before bear a magnetic field, the magnetic field substantially has in the inside for having machine element to be molded to exist with use after machine element The line of force direction identical line of force direction in the magnetic field born when in motor.After magnetic field is applied or during application magnetic field, powder Material is compacted, to obtain scleroid machine element.The magnetic-particle by orientation retains taking for they herein before To.By the corresponding orientation of magnetic powder particles, in the material of the machine element so manufactured, in the powder particle of magnetic Orientation direction on exist than the interface between adjacent powder particle less in the horizontal.Thus in the powder of magnetic Magnetic conductivity on the direction of the orientation of particle is significantly improved compared to horizontal.
In addition the compacting to dusty material can be implemented during magnetic field is applied.
According to a form of implementation, the pressure compacting to dusty material can be implemented after being applied in magnetic field.
It can be stated that during magnetic field is applied, pressing mold and/or dusty material bear one or many shocks and/or vibration.
The powder particle of elongated magnetic can have length-width ratio between 2 and 5 in addition.
Share of the elongated magnetic powder particles in dusty material in particular at least 50%, particularly at least 80%.
It is in another aspect, it is specified that a kind of particularly for the stator of motor or the machine element of rotor, wherein, thus With the said magnetic powder material manufacture machine element with elongated magnetic powder particles:
- said magnetic powder materials of elongated magnetic powder particles is provided with pressing mold;
- apply the magnetic field that provided dusty material is provided;
- in pressing mold compacted powder material;
- connection powder particle, to obtain machine element.
It is in another aspect, it is specified that a kind of particularly for the stator of motor or the machine element of rotor, wherein, machine Element has at least one region, and in this region, elongated magnetic powder particles are arranged by snugly into each other, wherein, they Longitudinal axis is orientated in parallel with each other.
One thought of above-mentioned machine element is, this machine is manufactured with the dusty material with elongated magnetic-particle Element.These particles are orientated when compressing or before compressing along the magnetic line of force from the excellent direction of magnetization, thus are deposited along the magnetic line of force In more preferably magnetic permeability, that is to say, that magnetic conductivity, and magnetic conductivity in the horizontal is then smaller.By setting elongated particle, The obvious improvement of the magnetic conductivity under the particle volume of very little on magnetic line of force direction is reached.
Brief description of the drawings
The preferable form of implementation of the present invention is hereinafter explained in detail by accompanying drawing.In accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional views by the internal structure of the SMC material being compacted of traditional method manufacture;
Fig. 2 is SMC material being manufactured according to the method for the first form of implementation by the present invention, anisotropically constructing Cut-away view;
Fig. 3 is a section of the machine element of motor, the line of force shown with magnetic field;
Fig. 4 a to 4d show chart, the direction for the magnetic line of force in region A, B, C, D that their expressions mark in figure 3;
Fig. 5 is another figure of Fig. 3 machine element, the powder particle shown in the amplification with SMC material;
Fig. 6 shows the magnetizing assembly in the magnetic field for having machine element to be manufactured for being applied through Fig. 3, to make length The powder particle orientation of shape.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the cross-sectional views in a section of the machine element 1 manufactured with SMC material.SMC material base It is made up of in sheet the powder particle 2 of formed objects, powder particle is made up of magnetic material such as iron, and the surface of powder particle passes through Insulating barrier 3 is insulated.Diameter of the powder particle 2 with about 0.1 mm and substantially be in cubic or spherical, it is adjoint irregularly into The surface of shape.
Particle 2 is pressed tightly against each other in pressing process, to define the shape of machine element 1 to be manufactured, and tightly Then it is hardened in thermal process, so that powder particle is enduringly connected with each other.Fig. 1 shows powder particle 2 in thermal process Exemplary arrangement afterwards.It is seen that the powder particles 2 of formed objects, they against each other, thus between particle 2 The region in gap is minimized as far as possible.
The identical size of powder particle 2 based on SMC material, the machine element 1 so manufactured is in all space sides Upward magnetic is identical, and in other words, the material of machine element is homogeneous for its magnetic.But along magnetic line of force F direction Magnetic conductivity especially determined by the quantity at the interface 4 along line of force F between each two powder particle 2.
In order to reduce the quantity at interface 4, consider to expand all sizes of particle 2 in principle.But so cause single Corresponding larger gap between powder particle 2, because dusty material can not be by fully, that is to say, that in the absence of pressing with gap It is real.But larger gap generates detrimental effect to magnetic conductivity and therefore will not cause the desired improvement or very of magnetic conductivity Can extremely magnetic conductivity be caused to reduce.
Therefore provide as shown in Figure 2, construct a kind of machine element 10 with elongated powder particle 12.Powder particle 12 in other side, that is, with them independently from the size, it is similar with Fig. 1 powder particle.It ensure that and be pressed herein Into before the hardening of powder particle 12 of the shape of machine element 10, these powder particles just take along the specified line of force direction in magnetic field To.Fig. 2 shows powder particle 12, and their longitudinal axis extends parallel to each other, corresponding shown magnetic line of force F direction.
Elongated powder particle 12 shown in figure 2, substantially there is the cross section parallel to their longitudinal length, indulge Substantially there is the longitudinal length identical size with the powder particle 2 in Fig. 1 to length, that is to say, that have in wp = 0.05 To the diameter or width w between 0.3 mmp.But the length l of powder particle 12pCompared to traditional powder made of SMC material Grain is obvious to become big.The length l of powder particle 12pWith the width w of powder particle 12pThe ratio between place between 2 and 5.Powder particle 12 Thickness, that is, the z directions along Fig. 2, it is generally corresponding to width wp.It means that the powder particle 12 of insulation can have about 0.2 To the mm of 0.5 mm x, 0.1 mm x 0.1 size l x w x t.
The advantage for the material being made up of above-mentioned powder particle 12 is, its could be formed with heterogeneous magnetic, appoint The main body of meaning shaping.The magnetic of the homogeneous of the traditional machine element manufactured compared to the dusty material by illustrating with reference to Fig. 1, thus It can reach from the higher magnetic conductivity in the excellent direction of magnetization.
As shown in Fig. 2 in the arrangement of elongated powder particle 12, what each two powder volumes particle 12 mutually hit thereon The quantity of interface 14, in the longitudinal direction of powder particle 12, that is to say, that on line of force F direction, hence it is evident that subtract It is few, thus reached more preferably magnetic conductivity in this direction.
In figure 3 by the line of force be shown in further detail with T-shaped stator tooth and band be magnetic ground area, For the magnetic field in the stator segment of motor, the example as the machine element 10 for Fig. 2.Shown inside machine element 10 Line represents the line of force in magnetic field.
Fig. 4 a to 4d show the rotation period of the rotor in permanent magnet excitation marked in figure 3 by the circular curve of closure Between magnetic line of force F in region A, B, C, D for being occupied direction.As shown in Figure 3, further it is shown that in tooth axle A, tooth boots B, tooth root C With the radial component R in the D of magnetic ground area and tangential part T.It is seen that.Magnetic current mainly exists essentially only along a direction Exist in tooth axle A and in the D of magnetic ground area.Conversely, then in two spaces direction in tooth root C and tooth boots B region On, that is to say, that both there is magnetic current on the radial direction R of the stator formed with machine element 10 or on tangential T.
Be directed in Figure 5 figure 3 illustrates region A, B, D show the orientation of elongated powder particle 12, these orientations Machine occurs after the magnetization of element 10 during manufacture.For clarity, powder particle 12 is enlargedly show, so as to know It is clipped to their orientations on magnetic line of force F.It is seen that powder particle 12 is orientated along the magnetic line of force.
As shown in Fig. 6, in order to manufacture this machine element 10, there is provided a kind of as illustrating with reference to Fig. 2 Have the dusty material of elongated powder particle 12 and carry it into the cavity of pressing mold 17, pressing mold defines machine to be manufactured The moulding of element 10.In current example, manufacture method is explained by machine element 10 substantially t-shaped as shown in Figure 3 Release.
After dusty material is received in the cavity of pressing mold 17, powder particle 12 is with a kind of loose and be not compacted Shape is present.Loose powder particle 12 has less magnetic conductivity, because they are not oriented and thereby produced first Larger gap between powder particle 12, gap fatefully have impact on magnetic resistance.But magnetic conductivity is enough to be formed in machine member The magnetic field being almost universally orientated in part 10, so as to start orientation process.
And then pressing mold 17 bears a magnetic field, the magnetic field corresponds to after the completion of machine element 10 afterwards in the direction The magnetic field born in operation.
Magnetizing assembly 15 can for example be provided for manufacturing the machine element 10 of Fig. 3 T-shaped according to Fig. 6.Fig. 6 magnetization dress Putting 15, there are two magnetic loops coupled to each other to be used to guide two magnetic fields.Magnetic field is produced by being powered to coil windings 16, around Group coil surrounds the arm of the centre of magnetizing assembly 15, and middle arm is a part for two magnetic loops.
Magnetic loop is interrupted in T-piece, to accommodate the correspondingly configured pressure of the T-shaped machine element for manufacturing Fig. 3 Mould 17.Pressing mold 17 is attached on magnetizing assembly 15 or is placed in the breach of magnetic loop by such set so that in magnetizing assembly 15 Caused magnetic field passes through pressing mold 17 and the dusty material being brought into the cavity of pressing mold 17.In an illustrated embodiment, pressing mold It is attached to by such set on magnetizing assembly 15 so that tooth axle forms an extension of the arm of centre, in the arm of centre, magnetic field There is highest field intensity compared to remaining region of magnetizing assembly 15.Two opposed ends in the yoke area of the machine element 10 of T-shaped Portion abut in respectively two others of magnetizing assembly 15 extremely on.The magnetic line of force is extending radially along tooth axle herein and is pointing to yoke Two opposed ends in area.In the present embodiment, a tooth top is formd in the region of inner radial, the magnetic line of force is inwardly right Should tooth top profile be in fan shooting.Machine element 17 is for example configured to stator component or rotor elements, and it can be by Electric coil winds and can piece together multiple such elements one circular stator or rotor.
Here, pressing mold 17 bears a magnetic field, the magnetic field is corresponded to after the completion of machine element 10 for its direction afterwards Operation in the magnetic field born.Thus essentially corresponded to by the magnetic line of force of the dusty material in the cavity of pressing mold 17 It is built into the motor of machine element 10 the existing magnetic line of force during lasting operation.
When magnetic field is applied on pressing mold 17, the compression of elongated powder particle 12 result in the motion of elongated powder particle 12 With again orientation of the elongated powder particle 12 on magnetic direction, wherein, the longitudinal axis of powder particle 12 is towards magnetic line of force F side To orientation.In order to compress, a pressure is applied on powder particle 12, thus powder particle 12 moves, and passes through their fortune Turn is dynamic and thus in accordance with the magnetic field orientating applied.Therefore the magnetic conductivity of dusty material is improved, because their density Therefore increase, intensity of the magnetic field during pressing process and orientation in dusty material continue to increase.
In order to support the process of the orientation of elongated powder particle 12, pressing mold 17 can be shaken or otherwise bear to hit Hit or vibrate, to make the elongated powder particle 12 of one large volume as far as possible reach optimal orientation.
By back to back further compression to dusty material, take out and implement back to back from magnetizing assembly 15 Heating process, powder particle 12 are constantly interconnected to machine element 10.Here, continue to keep single powder particle 12 Pass through the direction of magnetic fields before.
Above-mentioned manufacture method and the machine element manufactured by this manufacture method can be used not only for being directed to each The stator tooth of the motor of type, and can be used for complete magnetic loop.

Claims (12)

1. the machine element for manufacturing stator or rotor for motor(10)Method, with the following steps:
- in pressing mold(17)Middle offer is used as soft magnetic composite(SMC)The powder particle with elongated magnetic of material(12)'s The dusty material of magnetic;
- magnetic field of provided dusty material is provided;
- in pressing mold(17)Middle compacted powder material;
- connection powder particle(12), to obtain machine element(10),
- wherein, the powder particle of the elongated magnetic(12)With length-width ratio between 2 and 5, wherein, the length-width ratio by Powder particle(12)Maximum length lpWith Breadth Maximum wpDetermine.
2. the method as described in claim 1, wherein, it has been applied in it during the magnetic field applied and/or in magnetic field The compacting of dusty material is carried out afterwards.
3. the method as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein, during magnetic field is applied, dusty material and/or pressing mold(17)Bear One or many shocks and/or vibration.
4. the method as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein, the powder particle of elongated magnetic(12)Part in dusty material Volume is at least 50%.
5. the method as described in claim 1, wherein, sinter or harden the powder particle(12).
6. the method as described in claim 4, wherein, the powder particle of the elongated magnetic(12)Part in dusty material Volume is at least 80%.
7. for the stator of motor or the machine element of rotor(1), the method as any one of claim 1 to 6 is made,
- wherein, the machine element(10)By as soft magnetic composite(SMC)The powder with elongated magnetic of material Grain(12)The dusty material of magnetic be made in the following manner:
- in pressing mold(17)It is middle that the powder particle with elongated magnetic is provided(12)Magnetic dusty material;
- magnetic field of provided dusty material is provided;
- in pressing mold(17)Middle compacted powder material;
- connection powder particle(12), to obtain machine element(10),
- wherein, the powder particle of the elongated magnetic(12)With length-width ratio between 2 and 5, wherein, the length-width ratio by Powder particle(12)Maximum length lpWith Breadth Maximum wpDetermine.
8. the machine element as described in claim 7(1), wherein, sinter or harden the powder particle(12).
9. for the stator of motor or the machine element of rotor(10), wherein, machine element(1)With at least one region, The powder particle of elongated magnetic in the region(12)Arrange against each other, wherein, their longitudinal axis takes in parallel with each other To, wherein, the powder particle of the elongated magnetic(12)With length-width ratio between 2 and 5, wherein, the length-width ratio is by powder Last particle(12)Maximum length lpWith Breadth Maximum wpDetermine.
10. the machine element as described in claim 7 or 9(10), it is characterised in that machine element(10)It is configured to approximate T-shape And with the powder particle being generally radially orientated(12)Radial direction tooth axle, and with yoke area circumferentially, The powder particle in yoke area(12)Substantially tangentially it is orientated with circumferential.
11. the machine element as described in claim 7 or 9(10), it is characterised in that the powder particle of elongated magnetic(12) Share in dusty material is at least 50%.
12. the machine element as described in claim 11(10), it is characterised in that the powder particle of the elongated magnetic(12) Share in dusty material is at least 80%.
CN201280063277.8A 2011-12-22 2012-10-24 Method for manufacture machine element and the machine element for motor Active CN104160599B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110089517 DE102011089517A1 (en) 2011-12-22 2011-12-22 Method for producing a machine element and machine element for an electrical machine
DE102011089517.5 2011-12-22
PCT/EP2012/071058 WO2013091952A2 (en) 2011-12-22 2012-10-24 Method for producing a machine element, and machine element for an electric machine

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CN104160599B true CN104160599B (en) 2017-11-24

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DE (1) DE102011089517A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2013091952A2 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018218199A1 (en) * 2017-05-25 2018-11-29 University Of Pittsburgh-Of The Commonwealth System Of Higher Education Alignment of magnetic materials during powder deposition or spreading in additive manufacturing
EP3715018B1 (en) * 2019-03-29 2022-07-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Texturing of electrical sheets

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CN1487536A (en) * 2002-09-11 2004-04-07 阿尔卑斯电气株式会社 Noncrystalline soft magnetic alloy powder and dust core, electricwale absorber using the same
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CN101022053A (en) * 2006-02-14 2007-08-22 胜美达集团株式会社 Composite magnetic sheet and production method thereof

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JPH0411703A (en) * 1990-04-28 1992-01-16 Nippon Steel Corp Manufacture of rare earth magnet
JPH08196063A (en) * 1995-01-13 1996-07-30 Nakagawa Seimitsu Kogyo Kk Production of field magnet for dc motor
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CN1586098A (en) * 2001-11-09 2005-02-23 Tdk株式会社 Composite magnetic element, electromagnetic wave absorbing sheet, production method for sheet-form article, production method for electromagnetic wave absorbing sheet
CN1487536A (en) * 2002-09-11 2004-04-07 阿尔卑斯电气株式会社 Noncrystalline soft magnetic alloy powder and dust core, electricwale absorber using the same
CN101022053A (en) * 2006-02-14 2007-08-22 胜美达集团株式会社 Composite magnetic sheet and production method thereof

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DE102011089517A1 (en) 2013-06-27
WO2013091952A3 (en) 2014-10-02
CN104160599A (en) 2014-11-19
WO2013091952A2 (en) 2013-06-27

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