CN104155692B - Method and device for obtaining focus point of microseism - Google Patents
Method and device for obtaining focus point of microseism Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and device for obtaining a focus point of a microseism. The method includes the steps of (a) obtaining collected seismic data of the microseism; (b) extracting velocity field information according to the obtained seismic data; (c) obtaining a reversed transmitting longitudinal wave field and a reversed transmitting transverse wave field according to the obtained seismic data and the extracted velocity field information; (d) obtaining the focus point of the microseism according to the obtained reversed transmitting longitudinal wave field and the obtained reversed transmitting transverse wave field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the process field of geological data, more particularly, is related to a kind of focal point of acquisition microseism
Method and device.
Background technology
Micro-seismic monitoring oil gas exploration and the development phase play very important effect.And the focal point of microseism
Acquisition is the basic problem of micro-seismic monitoring, is using the further inverting fracturing parameter of microseism data and then study of rocks
The basis of pressure break mechanism.As the region of oil-gas exploration is progressively to complex dielectrics regional development, to the microseism that obtains
The accuracy of focal point has higher requirement.
The method for generally obtaining the focal point of microseism is the focal point that microseism is obtained based on ray theory.However, base
The method of the focal point of microseism is obtained in ray theory needs artificial first break picking, in complex dielectrics region, when microseism
The signal to noise ratio of earthquake record is low or earthquake record on when there is multiple simultaneous micro-seismic events simultaneously, frequently can lead to
The first arrival of artificial pickup is inaccurate, so as to cause the focal point of the microseism based on ray theory acquisition inaccurate.
Accordingly, it would be desirable to a kind of method of the focal point for obtaining microseism is overcoming what is obtained caused by artificial first break picking
The inaccurate problem of focal point.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method and device of the focal point for obtaining microseism, so as to acquisition can be improved
The accuracy of the focal point of microseism.
An aspect of of the present present invention provides a kind of method of the focal point for obtaining microseism, including：(a) obtain collection micro-ly
The geological data of shake；B () is according to the geological data extraction rate field information for obtaining；C () is according to the geological data and extraction for obtaining
Velocity field acquisition of information microseism anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field；D () is according to the anti-pass longitudinal wave field for obtaining
With the focal point that anti-pass shear wave wave field obtains microseism.
Alternatively, step (d) includes：(d1) microseism is obtained according to the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field for obtaining
Longitudinal wave field and shear wave wave field；(d2) according to anti-pass longitudinal wave field, anti-pass shear wave wave field, longitudinal wave field and the shear wave for obtaining
Field obtains the focal point of microseism using equation below：
Wherein,For the Energy distribution of microseism,To obtain
The anti-pass longitudinal wave field for taking,For obtain anti-pass shear wave wave field,Represent the coordinate of the point in predetermined three-dimensional coordinate system
Vector, t is the anti-pass time, and k is attenuation coefficient, and Δ t is the compressional wave and shear wave propagation obtained by longitudinal wave field and shear wave wave field
ArriveThe time difference of corresponding point, wherein so thatWhen maximumCorresponding point is focal point.
Alternatively, step (d2) also includes：According to the Energy distribution of microseismThe energy profile of microseism is drawn,
In energy profile obtain energy highest point as causeWhen maximumCorresponding point.
Alternatively, step (b) includes：The speed of the pickup area is extracted according to the pickup area of the geological data for obtaining
Field information.
Alternatively, step (c) includes：According to the geological data for obtaining and the velocity field Information Pull microseism wave field of extraction
The anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field of anti-pass technical limit spacing microseism.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of device of the focal point for obtaining microseism, including：Data capture unit, obtains
Take the geological data of the microseism of collection；Velocity field acquiring unit, according to the geological data extraction rate field information for obtaining；Anti-pass
Unit, according to the geological data for obtaining and the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave of the velocity field acquisition of information microseism of extraction
；Focal point acquiring unit, according to the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field that obtain the focal point of microseism is obtained.
Alternatively, focal point acquiring unit includes：Wave field getter, according to the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave that obtain
Field obtains the longitudinal wave field and shear wave wave field of microseism；Focal point getter, according to obtain anti-pass longitudinal wave field, anti-pass shear wave wave field,
Longitudinal wave field and shear wave wave field obtain the focal point of microseism using equation below：Its
In,For the Energy distribution of microseism,For obtain anti-pass longitudinal wave field,The anti-pass shear wave of acquisition
,The coordinate vector of the point in predetermined three-dimensional coordinate system is represented, t is the anti-pass time, and k is attenuation coefficient, and Δ t is by compressional wave
The compressional wave that wave field and shear wave wave field are obtained is arrived with shear wave propagationThe time difference of corresponding point, wherein so thatWhen maximumCorresponding point is focal point.
Alternatively, Energy distribution of the focal point getter always according to microseismThe energy profile of microseism is drawn,
In energy profile obtain energy highest point as causeWhen maximumCorresponding point.
Alternatively, velocity field acquiring unit extracts the speed of the pickup area according to the pickup area of the geological data for obtaining
Degree field information.
Alternatively, anti-pass unit is according to the geological data for obtaining and the velocity field Information Pull microseism wave field anti-pass of extraction
The anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field of technical limit spacing microseism.
In the method and device of the focal point of acquisition microseism of the invention, can be according to the earthquake record of microseism
The focal point of direct access microseism, it is not necessary to artificial first break picking, so as to improve the accurate of the focal point for obtaining microseism
Property, also, can simultaneously obtain the focal point of multiple microseisms.
Description of the drawings
By the detailed description for carrying out below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage will
Become more fully apparent, wherein：
Fig. 1 illustrates the flow chart of the method for the focal point of the acquisition microseism of exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 illustrate exemplary embodiment of the invention acquisition microseism focal point method in obtain focal point
The flow chart of step.
Fig. 3 illustrates the block diagram of the device of the focal point of the acquisition microseism of exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 illustrate exemplary embodiment of the invention acquisition microseism focal point device in focal point obtain
The block diagram of unit.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are reference will now be made in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein, identical mark
Number identical part is referred to all the time.
Fig. 1 illustrates the flow chart of the method for the focal point of the acquisition microseism of exemplary embodiment of the invention.
In step S10, the geological data of the microseism of collection is obtained.
As an example, the geological data that the geological data of acquisition can be obtained for single acquisition, alternatively multi collect and obtain
The geological data for arriving.
In step S20, according to the geological data extraction rate field information for obtaining.
Specifically, the velocity field information of the pickup area can be extracted according to the pickup area of the geological data for obtaining.
For example, the velocity field information of zones of different can be prestored, when geological data is got, according to the pickup area of geological data
Extract the velocity field information corresponding with pickup area of storage.
Specifically, when the geological data that the geological data for obtaining is obtained for single acquisition, can extract single acquisition
The corresponding velocity field information of pickup area；When obtain geological data for multi collect geological data when, can extract respectively with
The corresponding velocity field information of pickup area for gathering every time.
In step S30, according to the geological data for obtaining and the anti-pass compressional wave ripple of the velocity field acquisition of information microseism of extraction
Field and anti-pass shear wave wave field.
As an example, can be according to the geological data for obtaining and the velocity field Information Pull microseism wave field anti-pass technology of extraction
Obtain the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field of microseism.For example, list is gone out using microseism wave field anti-pass technology anti-pass
The anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field of individual microseism, or, go out using microseism wave field anti-pass technology anti-pass multiple
The anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field of microseism.
Here, corresponding anti-pass compressional wave and anti-pass shear wave are distinguished different from micro- in anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave place
Compressional wave and shear wave that earthquake is produced in underground propagation.For example, it is assumed that the time that microseism occurs is t0, in pickup area collection
Time to the geological data of microseism is t1, then, in t0And t1Random time point t in time2, can be in pickup area institute
The compressional wave and shear wave collected at underground any point A of covering is respectively anti-pass compressional wave and anti-pass shear wave.It should be understood that micro-ly
The compressional wave that produces in underground propagation of shake and shear wave propagation to the time point of A points is not t2, also, microseism is in underground propagation
The compressional wave and shear wave propagation of generation to A points time point nor point at the same time.
In step S40, the focal point of microseism is obtained according to the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field that obtain.This
In, using the energy and the focal point of propagation time acquisition microseism of the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field for obtaining.
Fig. 2 illustrate exemplary embodiment of the invention acquisition microseism focal point method in obtain focal point
The flow chart of step.
In step S41, according to the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field that obtain obtain microseism longitudinal wave field and
Shear wave wave field.Here, the velocity field information of anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field and pickup area can be passed through, obtains micro-
The longitudinal wave field of the compressional wave that earthquake is produced in underground propagation and the shear wave wave field of shear wave.
In step S42, utilized according to the anti-pass longitudinal wave field, anti-pass shear wave wave field, longitudinal wave field and the shear wave wave field that obtain
Equation below (1) obtains the focal point of microseism：
Wherein,For the Energy distribution of microseismFor obtain anti-pass longitudinal wave field,For what is obtained
Anti-pass shear wave wave field,The coordinate vector of the point in predetermined three-dimensional coordinate system is represented, t is the anti-pass time, and k is attenuation coefficient, Δ t
It is that the compressional wave obtained by longitudinal wave field and shear wave wave field is arrived with shear wave propagationCorresponding point time difference (it should be understood that by
In longitudinal wave field and shear wave wave field be with regard toWith the function of t, it is assumed that compressional wave is arrived with shear wave propagationThe time of corresponding point
Respectively t3And t4, then, Δ t=t3-t4).For example, the plane that the x-axis and y-axis of three-dimensional system of coordinate is located in pickup area
Interior, z-axis is in the plane vertical with the plane that pickup area is located.
Here, due to the decay that energy is accompanied by during underground propagation in microseism, therefore, in the shake of microseism
Energy is maximum at source point.That is, cause in formula (1)When maximumCorresponding point is focal point.
As an example, in order to be causedWhen maximumCorresponding point, can be according to the Energy distribution of microseismDraw microseism energy profile, in energy profile obtain energy highest point as causeWhen maximumCorresponding point.
In the method for the focal point of acquisition microseism of the invention, can directly be obtained according to the earthquake record of microseism
Take the focal point of microseism, it is not necessary to artificial first break picking, so as to improve the accuracy of the focal point for obtaining microseism, and
And, can simultaneously obtain the focal point of multiple microseisms.
Fig. 3 illustrates the block diagram of the device of the focal point of the acquisition microseism of exemplary embodiment of the invention.
As shown in figure 3, the device of the focal point of the acquisition microseism of exemplary embodiment of the invention includes：Data
Acquiring unit 10, velocity field acquiring unit 20, anti-pass unit 30, focal point acquiring unit 40.
Specifically, data capture unit 10 is used for the geological data of the microseism for obtaining collection.
As an example, the geological data that the geological data of acquisition can be obtained for single acquisition, alternatively multi collect and obtain
The geological data for arriving.
Velocity field acquiring unit 20 is used for according to the geological data extraction rate field information for obtaining.
Specifically, the velocity field information of the pickup area can be extracted according to the pickup area of the geological data for obtaining.
For example, the velocity field information of zones of different can be prestored, when geological data is got, according to the pickup area of geological data
Extract the velocity field information corresponding with pickup area of storage.
Specifically, when the geological data that the geological data for obtaining is obtained for single acquisition, can extract single acquisition
The corresponding velocity field information of pickup area；When obtain geological data for multi collect geological data when, can extract respectively with
The corresponding velocity field information of pickup area for gathering every time.
Anti-pass unit 30 is used to be indulged according to the anti-pass of the geological data for obtaining and the velocity field acquisition of information microseism of extraction
Wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field.
As an example, can be according to the geological data for obtaining and the velocity field Information Pull microseism wave field anti-pass technology of extraction
Obtain the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field of microseism.For example, list is gone out using microseism wave field anti-pass technology anti-pass
The anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field of individual microseism, or, go out using microseism wave field anti-pass technology anti-pass multiple
The anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field of microseism.
Here, corresponding anti-pass compressional wave and anti-pass shear wave are distinguished different from micro- in anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave place
Compressional wave and shear wave that earthquake is produced in underground propagation.For example, it is assumed that the time that microseism occurs is t0, in pickup area collection
Time to the geological data of microseism is t1, then, in t0And t1Random time point t in time2, can be in pickup area institute
The compressional wave and shear wave collected at underground any point A of covering is respectively anti-pass compressional wave and anti-pass shear wave.It should be understood that micro-ly
The compressional wave that produces in underground propagation of shake and shear wave propagation to the time point of A points is not t2, also, microseism is in underground propagation
The compressional wave and shear wave propagation of generation to A points time point nor point at the same time.
Focal point acquiring unit 40 is used to obtain microseism according to the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field that obtain
Focal point.Here, microseism is obtained using the energy and propagation time of the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field that obtain
Focal point.
Fig. 4 illustrate exemplary embodiment of the invention acquisition microseism focal point device in focal point obtain
The block diagram of unit 40.
As shown in figure 4, focal point acquiring unit 40 includes：Wave field getter 41, focal point getter 42.
Specifically, wave field getter 41 is used for according to the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field acquisition for obtaining micro-ly
The longitudinal wave field and shear wave wave field of shake.Here, the speed of anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field and pickup area can be passed through
Degree field information, obtains the longitudinal wave field of the compressional wave that microseism is produced in underground propagation and the shear wave wave field of shear wave.
Focal point getter 42 is used for according to anti-pass longitudinal wave field, anti-pass shear wave wave field, longitudinal wave field and the shear wave for obtaining
Wave field obtains the focal point of microseism using formula (1).
As an example, in order to obtain so that in formula (1)When maximumCorresponding point, can be according to microseism
Energy distributionDraw microseism energy profile, in energy profile obtain energy highest point as cause
When maximumCorresponding point.
In the device of the focal point of acquisition microseism of the invention, can directly be obtained according to the earthquake record of microseism
Take the focal point of microseism, it is not necessary to artificial first break picking, so as to improve the accuracy of the focal point for obtaining microseism, and
And, can simultaneously obtain the focal point of multiple microseisms.
Additionally, the said method of exemplary embodiment of the invention may be implemented as computer program, so as to work as
When running the program, said method is realized.Unit in the said apparatus of exemplary embodiment of the invention can quilt
Realize nextport hardware component NextPort.Process of the those skilled in the art according to performed by the unit for limiting, can for example can using scene
Program gate array (FPGA) or special IC (ASIC) to realize unit.
Although the present invention, those skilled in the art are particularly shown and described with reference to its exemplary embodiment
It should be understood that in the case of the spirit and scope of the present invention limited without departing from claim, form can be carried out to it
With the various changes in details.
Claims (8)
1. it is a kind of obtain microseism focal point method, including：
A () obtains the geological data of the microseism of collection；
B () is according to the geological data extraction rate field information for obtaining；
C () is according to the geological data for obtaining and the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave of the velocity field acquisition of information microseism of extraction
Wave field；
D () obtains the focal point of microseism according to the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field that obtain,
Wherein, step (d) includes：
(d1) longitudinal wave field and shear wave wave field of microseism are obtained according to the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field for obtaining；
(d2) equation below is utilized according to anti-pass longitudinal wave field, anti-pass shear wave wave field, longitudinal wave field and the shear wave wave field for obtaining
Obtain the focal point of microseism：
Wherein,For the Energy distribution of microseism,For obtain anti-pass longitudinal wave field,For the anti-pass for obtaining
Shear wave wave field,The coordinate vector of the point in predetermined three-dimensional coordinate system is represented, t is the anti-pass time, and k is attenuation coefficient, and Δ t is logical
Cross the compressional wave that longitudinal wave field and shear wave wave field obtain to arrive with shear wave propagationThe time difference of corresponding point,
Wherein so thatWhen maximumCorresponding point is focal point.
2. the method for claim 1, step (d2) also includes：According to the Energy distribution of microseismDraw microseism
Energy profile, in energy profile obtain energy highest point as causeWhen maximumCorresponding point.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein step (b) includes：Extracted according to the pickup area of the geological data for obtaining
The velocity field information of the pickup area.
4. the method for claim 1, wherein step (c) includes：According to the geological data for obtaining and the velocity field of extraction
The anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field of Information Pull microseism wave field anti-pass technical limit spacing microseism.
5. it is a kind of obtain microseism focal point device, including：
Data capture unit, obtains the geological data of the microseism of collection；
Velocity field acquiring unit, according to the geological data extraction rate field information for obtaining；
Anti-pass unit, according to the anti-pass longitudinal wave field of the geological data for obtaining and the velocity field acquisition of information microseism of extraction and anti-
Pass shear wave wave field；
Focal point acquiring unit, according to the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field that obtain the focal point of microseism is obtained,
Source point acquiring unit includes：
Wave field getter, according to the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field that obtain the longitudinal wave field and shear wave of microseism are obtained
Wave field；
Focal point getter, under being utilized according to the anti-pass longitudinal wave field, anti-pass shear wave wave field, longitudinal wave field and the shear wave wave field that obtain
The formula in face obtains the focal point of microseism：
Wherein,For the Energy distribution of microseism,For obtain anti-pass longitudinal wave field,For the anti-pass for obtaining
Shear wave wave field,The coordinate vector of the point in predetermined three-dimensional coordinate system is represented, t is the anti-pass time, and k is attenuation coefficient, and Δ t is logical
Cross the compressional wave that longitudinal wave field and shear wave wave field obtain to arrive with shear wave propagationThe time difference of corresponding point,
Wherein so thatWhen maximumCorresponding point is focal point.
6. device as claimed in claim 5, Energy distribution of the focal point getter always according to microseismDraw microseism
Energy profile, in energy profile obtain energy highest point as causeWhen maximumCorresponding point.
7. device as claimed in claim 5, wherein, velocity field acquiring unit is carried according to the pickup area of the geological data for obtaining
Take the velocity field information of the pickup area.
8. device as claimed in claim 5, wherein, anti-pass unit is according to the geological data for obtaining and the velocity field information of extraction
Using the anti-pass longitudinal wave field and anti-pass shear wave wave field of microseism wave field anti-pass technical limit spacing microseism.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102495425A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2012-06-13 | 北京科技大学 | Energy-based method for automatically locating earthquake focus of microearthquake |
| CN103105624A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2013-05-15 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司地球物理勘探公司 | Longitudinal and transversal wave time difference positioning method based on base data technology |
| CN103926620A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-07-16 | 南京大学 | Hydraulic fracturing monitoring method based on array deconvolution treatment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103105624A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2013-05-15 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司地球物理勘探公司 | Longitudinal and transversal wave time difference positioning method based on base data technology |
| CN102495425A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2012-06-13 | 北京科技大学 | Energy-based method for automatically locating earthquake focus of microearthquake |
| CN103926620A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-07-16 | 南京大学 | Hydraulic fracturing monitoring method based on array deconvolution treatment |
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