CN105589100B - A kind of microseism hypocentral location and rate pattern Simultaneous Inversion method - Google Patents
A kind of microseism hypocentral location and rate pattern Simultaneous Inversion method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of microseism hypocentral location and rate pattern Simultaneous Inversion method, belong to seismic source location field in micro seismic monitoring.This method includes:(1) first arrival time of micro-seismic event, is picked up;(2), using Sonic Logging Data, initial velocity model is built, then obtains initial hypocentral location and the origin time of earthquake of micro-seismic event;(3) when the theory, based on two spots ray tracing calculating micro-seismic event is walked, structure joint chromatography equation group;(4) the joint chromatography equation group, is solved, calculates parameter renewal amount δ u, Δ x and Δ τ;(5) judge whether to meet end condition, if it is, being transferred to step (6), if it is not, then being updated using the parameter renewal amount to rate pattern, hypocentral location and the origin time of earthquake, be then back to step (3);(6) final rate pattern, hypocentral location and the origin time of earthquake, are exported.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seismic source location field in micro seismic monitoring, and in particular to a kind of microseism hypocentral location and rate pattern
Simultaneous Inversion method, information Simultaneous Inversion hypocentral location and rate pattern when being walked using micro-seismic event.
Background technology
Microseismic is development the 1990s and active new Non-traditional Techniques, and it can be with
Applied to numerous areas such as Reservoir Development, Mine Monitoring, Geological Hazards Monitorings.The position of focus, hair shake in micro-seismic monitoring
Moment, source level and rate pattern are all unknown, and it is the top priority of micro-seismic monitoring to determine these parameters.
When microseism positions, because hypocentral location and rate pattern are all unknown quantitys, both are coupled.Microseism is examined
The positioning precision of event is largely dependent on the precision of rate pattern during survey.Conventional localization method is utilized based on well logging
Data and one-dimensional rate pattern after perforation corrects are positioned.It is based on when subsurface velocity model has lateral velocity variation
The positioning precision of one-dimensional rate pattern will reduce, therefore just need to hypocentral location and rate pattern while carry out inverting.
Thuber (1983,1992) proposes local earthquake's chromatography method, and this method will using Local Subspace inversion technique
Focal shock parameter and speed parameter separation, so as to realize Simultaneous Inversion three-dimensional velocity structure and hypocentral location.Domestic and international seismologist
It is widely applied in earthquakes location and velocity inversion.
Zhang (2003) has developed double difference on the basis of double difference positioning mode (Waldhauser and Fllsworth, 2000)
Chromatography method, this has effectively been drawn the advantage of double difference positioning and has taken into account inversion speed.The efficiency of inverse process of zhang methods is better than
Local earthquake's chromatography method.
But Zhang (2003) method ray path when construction chromatographs equation essentially coincides in shallow-layer, is unfavorable for shallow
Interval Velocity Inversion.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve problem present in above-mentioned prior art, there is provided a kind of microseism hypocentral location and
Rate pattern Simultaneous Inversion method, wave detector double difference chromatography equation is introduced, combine common chromatography equation, focus double difference chromatography side
Journey, three build joint chromatography equation.Compared with zhang double difference CT calculating method, it is beneficial to improve shallow-layer velocity inversion essence
Degree, it can further improve the precision and positioning precision of microseism inversion speed model.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of microseism hypocentral location and rate pattern Simultaneous Inversion method, including:
(1) first arrival time of micro-seismic event, is picked up;
(2), using Sonic Logging Data, initial velocity model is built, then obtains the initial focus position of micro-seismic event
Put and the origin time of earthquake;
(3) when the theory, based on two spots ray tracing calculating micro-seismic event is walked, structure joint chromatography equation group;
(4) the joint chromatography equation group, is solved, calculates parameter renewal amount δ u, Δ x and Δ τ;
(5), judge whether to meet end condition, if it is, step (6) is transferred to, if it is not, then using the parameter more
New amount is updated to rate pattern, hypocentral location and the origin time of earthquake, is then back to step (3);
(6) final rate pattern, hypocentral location and the origin time of earthquake, are exported.
What the step (3) was realized in:
Establish joint chromatography equation group, including common chromatography equation, focus double difference chromatography equation and wave detector double difference chromatography
Equation, wherein commonly shown in chromatography equation such as formula (2):
Wherein,Residual error between when being travelled for micro-seismic event i to receiving point k calculating and when pickup is travelled;δ u are slow
Spend model modification amount;The respectively renewal amount in micro-seismic event i hypocentral locations x, y, z direction;ΔτiFor
Micro-seismic event i origin time of earthquake renewal amount;Focus partial derivativeFor the slowness vector at focus, it is:
Shown in the focus double difference chromatography equation such as formula (4):
Wherein,Between when respectively micro-seismic event i, j to receiving point k calculating are travelled and when pickup is travelled
Residual error;ΔτjFor micro-seismic event j origin time of earthquake renewal amount;It is the same of two events of record for the focus double difference time
The difference of residual error during the travelling of detection:
Shown in the wave detector double difference chromatography equation such as formula (6):
Wherein,For the wave detector double difference time, the difference of residual error during the travelling for two wave detectors for recording same event:
It is to solve the joint chromatography equation group using damping LSQR method in the step (4).
Rate pattern, hypocentral location and the origin time of earthquake are updated using the parameter renewal amount in the step (5)
It is realized in:
Corresponding renewal amount δ u, Δ x and the Δ τ that parameter in step (2) is obtained plus step (4) respectively.
End condition in the step (5) is as follows:
Residual error when averagely travelling, i.e.,Absolute value arithmetic mean of instantaneous value is less than a certain constant or parameter renewal amount is less than certain
One constant.This four parameter setting threshold values are given respectively, and this four constants are the amount of artificially given very little, can such as be used
0.00001。
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1), inverting stability is stronger.
2), compared with traditional double difference localization method, microseism seismic source location precision is high;
3), compared with double difference chromatography method, inversion result is advantageous to improve shallow-layer velocity inversion precision.
Brief description of the drawings
XY views in Fig. 1 a double differences chromatography positioning result
XZ views in Fig. 1 b double differences chromatography positioning result
YZ views in Fig. 1 c double differences chromatography positioning result
XY views in Fig. 2 a this method positioning results
XZ views in Fig. 2 b this method positioning results
YZ views in Fig. 2 c this method positioning results
Fig. 3 correct velocity models (depth 400m)
Fig. 4 double difference tomographic inversion rate patterns (depth 400m)
Fig. 5 this method inversion speed models (depth 400m)
The step block diagram of Fig. 6 this method.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Joint chromatography equation equation group
1) equation is commonly chromatographed:During micro-seismic event i to receiving point k actual observation travelling
Wherein, u is slowness field (inverse of speed), τiFor the origin time of earthquake.When microseism positions, focus coordinate (x1, x2,
x3), the origin time of earthquake and slowness field be all unknown parameter.
During the arrival that wave detector receives(P ripples or S ripples), using the hypocentral location of experiment, origin time of earthquake and initial
When rate pattern (prior information) carrys out computational theory arrivalBoth travelling when residual error be
Residual error when when calculating travelling and observing travellingCan be approximately linearly with the disturbance of focus and rate pattern
Wherein, focus partial derivativeFor the slowness vector at focus, it is
2) focus double difference chromatography equation:For identical wave detector k, different micro-seismic event i are received, j is residual during travelling
The difference of difference, can obtain equation below (Zhang, 2003)
Wherein,For focus double difference time (Waldhauser and Fllsworth, 2000), for the same of two events of record
The difference of residual error during the travelling of one detection.
3) wave detector double difference chromatography equation:For same micro-seismic event i, two different wave detectors, receiving point k's is another
Micro-seismic event j, also there is similar expression formula;Both, which subtract each other, can obtain equation below
Wherein,For the wave detector double difference time, the difference of residual error during the travelling for two wave detectors for recording same event.
Common chromatography equation, focus double difference chromatography equation and wave detector double difference chromatography equation, i.e. equation (2), (4) and (6),
Simultaneous forms final joint chromatography equation.Furthermore it is possible to give different weight coefficient w for three kinds of chromatography equations1, w2, w3,
To control the weight proportion of three.
As shown in fig. 6, the specific implementation step of the inventive method is as follows:
(1) first arrival time of micro-seismic event, is picked up;
(2) Sonic Logging Data, structure initial velocity model (horizontal layer), are utilized;By artificially given or other
Microseism localization method (such as Gaiger methods, grid data service etc.), obtain initial hypocentral location and the hair of micro-seismic event
Shake the moment;
(3) when the theory, based on two spots ray tracing calculating micro-seismic event is walked;Constructed according to formula (2), (4) and (6)
Joint chromatography equation (including common chromatography equation, focus double difference chromatography equation and wave detector double difference chromatography equation);
(4) joint chromatography equation, is solved using damping LSQR method, parameter renewal amount (δ u, Δ x and Δ τ) is calculated, enters
And renewal speed model, hypocentral location and the origin time of earthquake;
(5), repeat step (3) (4), until meeting end condition, that is, residual error is less than a certain constant or parameter more when travelling
New amount is less than a certain constant;
(6), exported parameters such as final rate pattern, hypocentral location and the origin time of earthquake as output result.
It is specific as follows for examining effectiveness of the invention below with for one embodiment:
Fig. 1 a- Fig. 1 c are that double difference chromatographs positioning result, respectively XY views, XZ views and YZ views, and Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 c are this
The positioning result of invention, respectively XY views, XZ views and YZ views;Comparison diagram 1a- Fig. 1 c and Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 c can be seen that
The hypocentral location that inverting of the present invention obtains is more accurate.The rate pattern (depth 400m) that Fig. 4 obtains for double difference tomographic inversion, Fig. 5
The rate pattern (depth 400m) obtained for inverting of the present invention, contrast true velocity model are (as shown in Figure 3) as can be seen that this hair
It is bright to be also better than double difference chromatography method in the fine degree of inversion speed model.
The present invention relates to seismic source location method in micro seismic monitoring, is in initial velocity model inaccuracy, improves positioning accurate
Spend the method for Simultaneous Inversion rate pattern.The present invention goes out microseism hypocentral location, hair using joint chromatography equation come Simultaneous Inversion
Shake moment and rate pattern;Joint chromatography equation includes common chromatography equation, focus double difference chromatography equation and wave detector double difference
Chromatograph equation.Difference due to employing travel time residual and travel time residual simultaneously improves seismic source location precision as optimized variable
With the inversion accuracy of rate pattern, especially in the case of rate pattern inaccuracy, the stability of inversion result is also improved.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, at this
On the basis of disclosure of the invention application process and principle, it is easy to make various types of improvement or deformation, be not limited solely to this
Invent the method described by above-mentioned embodiment, therefore previously described mode is simply preferable, and and without limitation
The meaning of property.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of microseism hypocentral location and rate pattern Simultaneous Inversion method, it is characterised in that:Methods described includes:
(1) first arrival time of micro-seismic event, is picked up;
(2), using Sonic Logging Data, build initial velocity model, then obtain micro-seismic event initial hypocentral location and
The origin time of earthquake;
(3) when the theory, based on two spots ray tracing calculating micro-seismic event is walked, structure joint chromatography equation group;
(4) the joint chromatography equation group, is solved, calculates parameter renewal amount δ u, Δ x and Δ τ;
(5) judge whether to meet end condition, if it is, step (6) is transferred to, if it is not, then utilizing the parameter renewal amount
Rate pattern, hypocentral location and the origin time of earthquake are updated, are then back to step (3);
(6) final rate pattern, hypocentral location and the origin time of earthquake, are exported;
Wherein, the step (3) is realized in:
Joint chromatography equation group, including common chromatography equation, focus double difference chromatography equation and wave detector double difference chromatography equation are established,
Wherein commonly shown in chromatography equation such as formula (2):
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Wherein,Residual error between when being travelled for micro-seismic event i to receiving point k calculating and when pickup is travelled;δ u are slowness mould
Type renewal amount;The respectively renewal amount in micro-seismic event i hypocentral locations x, y, z direction;ΔτiTo be micro-
Shake event i origin time of earthquake renewal amount;Focus partial derivativeFor the slowness vector at focus, it is:
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Wherein, V represents speed at focus, and s represents seismic ray length,
Shown in the focus double difference chromatography equation such as formula (4):
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Wherein,It is residual between when respectively micro-seismic event i, j to receiving point k calculating are travelled and when pickup is travelled
Difference;ΔτjFor micro-seismic event j origin time of earthquake renewal amount;It is the same inspection for recording two events for the focus double difference time
The difference of residual error during the travelling of ripple device:
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Wherein,For the wave detector double difference time, the difference of residual error during the travelling for two wave detectors for recording same event:
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2. microseism hypocentral location according to claim 1 and rate pattern Simultaneous Inversion method, it is characterised in that:It is described
It is to solve the joint chromatography equation group using damping LSQR method in step (4).
3. microseism hypocentral location according to claim 2 and rate pattern Simultaneous Inversion method, it is characterised in that:It is described
What is be realized in is updated to rate pattern, hypocentral location and the origin time of earthquake using the parameter renewal amount in step (5):
Corresponding renewal amount δ u, Δ x and the Δ τ that parameter in step (2) is obtained plus step (4) respectively.
4. microseism hypocentral location according to claim 3 and rate pattern Simultaneous Inversion method, it is characterised in that:It is described
End condition in step (5) is as follows:
Residual error when averagely travelling, i.e.,It is normal less than a certain that absolute value arithmetic mean of instantaneous value is less than a certain constant or parameter renewal amount
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CN108072892B (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2020-01-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Automatic geological structure constraint chromatography inversion method |
CN106772600B (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2020-08-28 | 中国科学技术大学 | Double-pair double-difference seismic positioning method and device |
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