CN108693560A - A kind of scattering wave imaging method and system based on cross-correlation road - Google Patents
A kind of scattering wave imaging method and system based on cross-correlation road Download PDFInfo
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- CN108693560A CN108693560A CN201710236627.0A CN201710236627A CN108693560A CN 108693560 A CN108693560 A CN 108693560A CN 201710236627 A CN201710236627 A CN 201710236627A CN 108693560 A CN108693560 A CN 108693560A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/34—Displaying seismic recordings or visualisation of seismic data or attributes
- G01V1/345—Visualisation of seismic data or attributes, e.g. in 3D cubes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of scattering wave imaging method and system based on cross-correlation road.The method includes:Input seismic data trace gather, rate pattern and initialization imaging parameters;Forward modelling geophone station to imaging point travelling when;Convert seismic data trace gather to cross-correlation trace gather;Wave is scattered using cross-correlation trace gather to be imaged;Export scattered wave imaging results.Technical scheme of the present invention has expanded the scale of data trace gather using cross-correlation trace gather, is conducive to low signal-noise ratio data imaging.In addition, having eliminated influence of the shot point to scattering point path based on related road scattering wave imaging method, influence of the rate pattern error to scattered wave imaging precision will be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of seismic exploration, are related to data process field (microseism data, VSP data and surface seismic
Data etc.), more particularly, to a kind of wave imaging method and system are scattered using cross-correlation track data.
Background technology
The small scale geologic objective bodies such as tomography, crack (seam) and hole in stratum are common hydrocarbon migration channels and storage
Collective is of great significance to oil-gas exploration.Scattering wave energy reflects the important information of the irregular anomalous body of these underground mediums.It is right
It is the key that improve these geological anomalous body imaging effects that scattered wave, which carries out accurate imaging,.Therefore, it is protected in seism processing
Scattered wave information simultaneously keeps its accurately image very necessary, and the technique study for improving diffracted wave imaging effect is increasingly ground
Study carefully personnel's attention.
Scattered wave can usually utilize the prestacks such as kirchhoff offset, wave equation migration with the not separated processing of back wave
Offset method is scattered Seismic imaging.In addition, in order to effectively identify small scale anomalous body on seismic imaging section, it can also
Kinematics character differential separation reflected wave field and diffracted wave field based on back wave and scattered wave, then to diffracted wave field carry out at
Picture, to realize the target imaging for reinforcing diffractor.Regardless of whether being scattered wavelength-division from scattering wave imaging method is all by offset speed
Degree model is affected;When geology is complicated, due to that cannot obtain preferable Migration velocity model, this will restrict and scatters
The effect of wave imaging.
Therefore, this field needs a kind of effect preferably to scatter wave imaging method.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to be directed to scattered wave imaging problem, introducing is a kind of to be scattered wave using cross-correlation track data
Imaging method.Compared with the prestack migration methods such as traditional kirchhoff offset, this method does not have to calculate shot point to scattering point
When travelling, having achieved the purpose that, which reduces rate pattern error, influences scattered wave imaging precision.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of scattering wave imaging method based on cross-correlation road is provided, this method includes:
Input seismic data trace gather, rate pattern and initialization imaging parameters;Forward modelling geophone station to imaging point travelling when;It will
Seismic data trace gather is converted into cross-correlation trace gather;Wave is scattered using cross-correlation trace gather to be imaged;Export scattered wave imaging results.
Optionally, forward modelling geophone station to imaging point travelling when include:
Using the detection point coordinates and areas imaging of seismic data trace gather, positive algorithm (e.g., 2 rays when using travelling
Tracking or solution eikonal equation algorithm), when calculating travelling of the geophone station to all imaging points.
Further, converting seismic data trace gather to cross-correlation trace gather includes:
Seismic data trace gather is read in, data track number is N in trace gather;
For the i-th track data road, cross-correlation function, wherein i=1 between jth track data and the i-th track data road are sought,
2 ..., N-1, j=i+1, i+2 ..., N;
Change i values, cross-correlation function between jth track data and the i-th track data road is sought in repetition, until mutual between arbitrary twice
Correlation function calculating finishes, and obtains cross-correlation trace gather.
Optionally, formula c is utilizedij(t)=∫ si(τ)·sj(τ+t) d τ are sought between jth track data and the i-th track data road mutually
Correlation function, wherein cij(t) cross-correlation trace gather, s are indicatedi(t) and sj(t) roads i-th and j seismic data is indicated respectively.
Further, being scattered wave imaging using cross-correlation trace gather includes:
Read in arbitrary one of cross-correlation data cij(t), two inspections of the seismic data for generating the cross-correlation track data are determined
Wave device coordinate riAnd rj;
Calculate the travel-time difference Δ t between arbitrary imaging point x to two wave detector in areas imagingij(x);
For arbitrary imaging point x, calculated travel-time difference Δ t is utilizedij(x), when extracting this in cross-correlation data track
The sampling point value at quarter;
Sampling point value is multiplied by 1/ (r of amplitude correction factori-x)(rj- x), at the imaging point x that exports and be added to;
It repeats the above steps, until all data track calculating finish in related trace gather.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of scattered wave imaging system based on cross-correlation road, the system packet are provided
It includes:
Memory, memory store seismic-data traces collection, rate pattern, initialization imaging parameters and executable instruction;
Processor, the processor call the data of memory storage, execute the executable instruction and complete following steps:
Forward modelling geophone station to imaging point travelling when;
Convert seismic data trace gather to cross-correlation trace gather;
Wave is scattered using cross-correlation trace gather to be imaged;
Export scattered wave imaging results.
Technical scheme of the present invention has expanded the scale of data trace gather using cross-correlation trace gather, is conducive to low signal-to-noise ratio number
According to imaging.In addition, having eliminated influence of the shot point to scattering point path based on related road scattering wave imaging method, speed mould will be reduced
Influence of the type error to scattered wave imaging precision.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Description of the drawings
Exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is of the invention above-mentioned and its
Its purpose, feature and advantage will be apparent, wherein in exemplary embodiment of the invention, identical reference label
Typically represent same parts.
Fig. 1 shows the step flow chart of this method.
Fig. 2 shows the flow chart according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention that wave imaging is scattered using cross-correlation trace gather.
Fig. 3 shows single scattering point model imaging results figure according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing the present invention in attached drawing
Preferred embodiment, however, it is to be appreciated that may be realized in various forms the present invention without the embodiment party that should be illustrated here
Formula is limited.
It is specifically a kind of to be scattered wave imaging using cross-correlation track data the invention belongs to seism processing field
Method.Scattered wave field by shot point excitation by scattering point scattering reach receiving point travelling when can be expressed as wave field from shot point to
When the travelling of scattering point and the sum of when travelling of the wave field from scattering point to receiving point.Twice seismic data will disappear when cross-correlation
It is influenced when except travelling of the wave field from shot point to scattering point;Cross-correlation road also remains information when walking from scattered wave.Therefore, originally
Invention proposes a kind of method of the scattered wave imaging based on cross-correlation trace gather, and this method is based on the scattered wave imaging of related road and eliminates
Influence of the shot point to scattering point path, will reduce influence of the rate pattern error to scattered wave imaging precision, and this method will have
It is imaged conducive to scattered wave under low velocity model accuracy.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, providing a kind of scattering wave imaging method based on cross-correlation road, this method includes:Input
Seismic data trace gather, rate pattern and initialization imaging parameters;Forward modelling geophone station to imaging point travelling when;By earthquake
Data trace gather is converted into cross-correlation trace gather;Wave is scattered using cross-correlation trace gather to be imaged;Export scattered wave imaging results.
In this imaging method, rate pattern is known conditions, has been given before imaging, and initialization imaging parameters can wrap
It includes, areas imaging, imaging aperture etc..
Using the detection point coordinates and areas imaging of seismic data trace gather, positive algorithm (e.g., 2 rays when using travelling
Tracking or solution eikonal equation algorithm) when calculating travelling of the geophone station to all imaging points;It will be used for when calculated travelling follow-up
Cross-correlation trace gather imaging in.
Optionally, it converts seismic channel set to cross-correlation trace gather, also includes when being walked from scattered wave after seismic channel cross-correlation
Information.Seismic data trace gather is converted to cross-correlation trace gather to be as follows:
Seismic data trace gather is read in, data track number is N in trace gather;
For the i-th track data road (i=1,2 ..., N-1), seek jth track data (j=i+1, i+2 ..., N) with therebetween
Cross-correlation function (cij(t)=∫ si(τ)·sj(τ+t)dτ);si(t) and sj(t) roads i-th and j seismic data is indicated respectively.
It repeats the above steps, is finished until the cross-correlation function between arbitrary twice calculates, finally obtain cross-correlation trace gather cij
(t)。
It is imaged next, being scattered wave using cross-correlation trace gather.
Earthquake wave field is excited by shot point, can be expressed as when scattering the travelling for reaching wave detector by scattering point
tr=tsi+tir (1)
Wherein, tsiWhen the travelling for being wave field from shot point to scattering point;tirThe travelling for being wave field from scattering point to receiving point
When.Wave detector r1With wave detector r2When the seismic channel that receives carries out cross-correlation, due to wave field from shot point to scattering point when walking
tsiIt is identical, wave field will be extracted in cross-correlation data track from scattering point to travel-time difference the two wave detectors.
Under constant speed rate pattern, when wave field is fixed from scattering point to travel-time difference two fixed geophone stations, scattering point can
The position of energy is using the two geophone stations as in focus " hyperbola ".When scattered wave information is received by multiple geophone stations, arbitrarily
Two geophone stations can determine one " hyperbola " that these hyp intersection points are exactly the position of true scattering point.
According to an embodiment of the invention, as shown in Fig. 2, being scattered the specific steps of wave imaging such as using cross-correlation trace gather
Under:
Read in cross-correlation trace gather, initiation parameter (including areas imaging, migration aperture etc.);
Read in arbitrary one of cross-correlation data cij(t), two inspections of the seismic data for generating the cross-correlation track data are determined
Wave device coordinate riAnd rj;
Calculate the travel-time difference Δ t between arbitrary imaging point x to two wave detector in areas imagingij(x);
For arbitrary imaging point x, calculated travel-time difference Δ t is utilizedij(x), when extracting this in cross-correlation data track
The sampling point value at quarter;
Sampling point value is multiplied by 1/ (r of amplitude correction factori-x)(rj- x), at the imaging point x that exports and be added to;
Above step is repeated, until all data track calculating finish in related trace gather.
Seismic channel set is converted to cross-correlation trace gather by the method for the present invention, has been expanded the scale of data trace gather, has been conducive to low
Signal-to-noise ratio data is imaged.In addition, cross-correlation road, which is scattered wave imaging, can eliminate influence of the shot point to scattering point path, will reduce
Influence of the rate pattern error to scattered wave imaging precision.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of scattered wave imaging system based on cross-correlation road, the system packet are provided
It includes:
Memory, memory store seismic-data traces collection, rate pattern, initialization imaging parameters and executable instruction;
Processor, the processor call the data of memory storage, execute the executable instruction and complete following steps:
Forward modelling geophone station to imaging point travelling when;
Convert seismic data trace gather to cross-correlation trace gather;
Wave is scattered using cross-correlation trace gather to be imaged;
Export scattered wave imaging results.
In addition, a kind of scattered wave imaging system based on cross-correlation road is also provided, the system comprises:
Input seismic data trace gather, rate pattern, the unit for initializing imaging parameters;
Forward modelling geophone station to imaging point travelling when unit;
Convert seismic data trace gather to the unit of cross-correlation trace gather;
The unit of wave imaging is scattered using cross-correlation trace gather;
Export the unit of scattered wave imaging results.
Embodiment
The present embodiment is imaged scattered wave using the scattering wave imaging method based on cross-correlation road of the present invention.At this
In embodiment, this method is verified using single scattering point model.
In the present embodiment, model data totally 32 wave detectors, wave detector lateral coordinates are 0m, depth coordinate is 500~
1120m, is divided into 20m;It is (500m, 800m) to scatter point coordinates;True velocity is constant speed 4000m/s, and migration velocity is
5000m/s。
Fig. 3 shows the single scattering point model imaging results, as can be seen from Figure 3 rate pattern error to scattered wave at
As error influence is smaller.Model measurement shows that the imaging method of the present invention is effective.
Various embodiments of the present invention are described above, above description is exemplary, and non-exclusive, and
It is not limited to disclosed each embodiment.Without departing from the scope and spirit of illustrated each embodiment, for this skill
Many modifications and changes will be apparent from for the those of ordinary skill in art field.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of scattering wave imaging method based on cross-correlation road, which is characterized in that this method includes:
Input seismic data trace gather, rate pattern and initialization imaging parameters;
Forward modelling geophone station to imaging point travelling when;
Convert seismic data trace gather to cross-correlation trace gather;
Wave is scattered using cross-correlation trace gather to be imaged;
Export scattered wave imaging results.
2. the scattering wave imaging method according to claim 1 based on cross-correlation road, which is characterized in that forward modelling detection
Point to imaging point travelling when include:
According to the detection point coordinates and areas imaging of seismic-data traces collection, positive algorithm when using travelling calculates geophone station to institute
When having the travelling of imaging point.
3. the scattering wave imaging method according to claim 1 based on cross-correlation road, which is characterized in that by seismic-data traces
Collection is converted into cross-correlation trace gather and includes:
Seismic data trace gather is read in, data track number is N in trace gather;
For the i-th track data road, cross-correlation function, wherein i=1 between jth track data and the i-th track data road, 2 ..., N- are sought
1, j=i+1, i+2 ..., N;
Change i values, cross-correlation function between jth track data and the i-th track data road, the cross-correlation between arbitrary twice are sought in repetition
Function calculating finishes, and obtains cross-correlation trace gather.
4. the scattering wave imaging method according to claim 3 based on cross-correlation road, which is characterized in that utilize formula cij
(t)=∫ si(τ)·sj(τ+t) d τ seek cross-correlation function between jth track data and the i-th track data road, wherein cij(t) indicate mutual
Related trace gather, si(t) and sj(t) roads i-th and j seismic data is indicated respectively.
5. the scattering wave imaging method according to claim 4 based on cross-correlation road, which is characterized in that utilize cross-correlation road
Collection is scattered wave imaging:
Read in arbitrary one of cross-correlation data cij(t), two wave detectors of the seismic data for generating the cross-correlation track data are determined
Coordinate riAnd rj;
Calculate the travel-time difference Δ t between arbitrary imaging point x to two wave detector in areas imagingij(x);
For arbitrary imaging point x, calculated travel-time difference Δ t is utilizedij(x), the moment is extracted in cross-correlation data track
Sampling point value;
Sampling point value is multiplied by 1/ (r of amplitude correction factori-x)(rj- x), at the imaging point x that exports and be added to;
It repeats the above steps, until all data track calculating finish in related trace gather.
6. a kind of scattered wave imaging system based on cross-correlation road, which is characterized in that the system comprises:
Memory, memory store seismic-data traces collection, rate pattern, initialization imaging parameters and executable instruction;
Processor, the processor call the data of memory storage, execute the executable instruction and complete following steps:
Forward modelling geophone station to imaging point travelling when;
Convert seismic data trace gather to cross-correlation trace gather;
Wave is scattered using cross-correlation trace gather to be imaged;
Export scattered wave imaging results.
7. the scattered wave imaging system according to claim 6 based on cross-correlation road, which is characterized in that forward modelling detection
Point to imaging point travelling when include:
According to the detection point coordinates and areas imaging of seismic-data traces collection, positive algorithm when using travelling calculates geophone station to institute
When having the travelling of imaging point.
8. the scattered wave imaging system according to claim 6 based on cross-correlation road, which is characterized in that by seismic-data traces
Collection is converted into cross-correlation trace gather and includes:
Seismic data trace gather is read in, data track number is N in trace gather;
For the i-th track data road, cross-correlation function, wherein i=1 between jth track data and the i-th track data road, 2 ..., N- are sought
1, j=i+1, i+2 ..., N;
Change i values, cross-correlation function between jth track data and the i-th track data road, the cross-correlation between arbitrary twice are sought in repetition
Function calculating finishes, and obtains cross-correlation trace gather.
9. the scattered wave imaging system according to claim 8 based on cross-correlation road, which is characterized in that utilize formula cij
(t)=∫ si(τ)·sj(τ+t) d τ seek cross-correlation function, wherein c between jth track data and the i-th track data roadij(t) indicate mutual
Related trace gather, si(t) and sj(t) roads i-th and j seismic data is indicated respectively.
10. the scattered wave imaging system according to claim 7 based on cross-correlation road, which is characterized in that utilize cross-correlation
Trace gather is scattered wave imaging:
Read in arbitrary one of cross-correlation data cij(t), two wave detectors of the seismic data for generating the cross-correlation track data are determined
Coordinate riAnd rj;
Calculate the travel-time difference Δ t between arbitrary imaging point x to two wave detector in areas imagingij(x);
For arbitrary imaging point x, calculated travel-time difference Δ t is utilizedij(x), the moment is extracted in cross-correlation data track
Sampling point value;
Sampling point value is multiplied by 1/ (r of amplitude correction factori-x)(rj- x), at the imaging point x that exports and be added to;
It repeats the above steps, until all data track calculating finish in related trace gather.
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| CN111624648A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-04 | 中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司 | Pre-stack depth migration method for variable offset VSP integral in undulating surface |
| CN111624647A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-04 | 中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司 | Integrated prestack time migration method and device for variable offset VSP ray tracing |
| CN116381786A (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-07-04 | 中国人民解放军93204部队 | Diffraction wave imaging method and device |
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