CN104155002A - Scanning imaging spectrometer system - Google Patents
Scanning imaging spectrometer system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104155002A CN104155002A CN201410342293.1A CN201410342293A CN104155002A CN 104155002 A CN104155002 A CN 104155002A CN 201410342293 A CN201410342293 A CN 201410342293A CN 104155002 A CN104155002 A CN 104155002A
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Abstract
The invention provides a scanning imaging spectrometer system. The system comprises an imaging lens unit, a scanning unit, a previewing imaging unit, a spectrum light splitting unit, a detection unit and a computer unit, wherein the scanning unit comprises a swinging lens; switching between a previewing mode and a spectral imaging mode of the system is realized; when the system is in the previewing mode, the swinging lens reflects a diffuse reflection optical signal to the previewing imaging unit in static state; when the system is in the spectral imaging mode, the swinging lens reflects the diffuse reflection optical signal to the spectral light splitting unit in swinging state. According to the invention, switching between the previewing mode and the spectral imaging mode of the system is realized through the swinging lens, so that an imaging area can be previewed before the spectral imaging mode; imaging area selection time can be reduced; the efficiency of the system is improved; field effective lighting is effectively utilized; the defects that spectral imaging process is relatively slow, and relatively long in time, and is not suitable for selecting viewing field area are overcome.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to light spectrum image-forming technical field, relate in particular to a kind of scanning imagery spectrometer system.
Background technology
Since eighties of last century the eighties, light spectrum image-forming technology starts to be widely used in astronautics and airborne remote sensing imaging.Carry by aircraft, obtained in fields such as mineral products and petroleum resources detection, water quality and air monitoring, precision agriculture and forestry the achievement of attracting attention.At present, this technology has progressively been penetrated into the civil area such as control and treatment of biomedicine, the false proof qualification of the artwork, food safety monitoring, disease, has obtained research more and more widely and has used.
Light spectrum image-forming technology is divided into multiple from principle, wherein, color dispersion-type imaging spectrometer is to propose the earliest and obtain practical imaging spectral instrument, it have principle simple, be easy to the advantages such as realization.But, the general each light spectrum image-forming of imaging spectrometer based on color dispersion-type, for an atural object, completes one group of light spectrum image-forming process and can see the visual field overall situation, and visual field is selected, this has increased the time that imaging region is selected greatly, has reduced the efficiency of imaging spectral instrument system.In addition, use now the imaging spectrometer of pendulum mirror pendulum mirror to be arranged on to the front of imaging lens, when work, can introduce background stray light, reduced the quality of data.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of scanning imagery spectrometer system, can reduce background stray light and disturb and be reduced to the regioselective time of picture, improves the efficiency of system.
(2) technical scheme
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of scanning imagery spectrometer system, comprises imaging lens unit, scanning element, preview image-generating unit, spectrum spectrophotometric unit, probe unit and computer unit;
Described imaging lens unit, for collecting the signal that diffuses of ground matter sample;
Described scanning element comprises pendulum mirror, realize the switching of described system between preview mode and light spectrum image-forming pattern by described pendulum mirror, when described system is during in preview mode, described pendulum mirror diffuses signal reflex to described preview image-generating unit described in inciting somebody to action with static state, when described system is during in light spectrum image-forming pattern, described pendulum mirror with the state of sweeping will described in diffuse signal reflex to spectrum spectrophotometric unit;
Described preview image-generating unit, for the signal that diffuses receiving is focused on, and is diverted to the signal that diffuses after described focusing on the photosurface of described probe unit;
Described spectrum spectrophotometric unit, for the signal that diffuses receiving is carried out to light splitting, and the light signal that described light splitting is obtained reflexes on the photosurface of described probe unit;
Described computer unit, be connected with described probe unit, obtain pre-review information for the information of surveying according to described probe unit during in preview mode when described system, when described system obtains spectral information according to the information of described probe unit detection during in light spectrum image-forming pattern.
Further, described scanning element is positioned at the rear of described imaging lens unit, and described system also comprises shell, and described scanning element, preview image-generating unit, spectrum spectrophotometric unit and probe unit are all positioned at described shell, forms enclosed construction.
Further, described scanning element also comprises motor and controller, described controller is controlled the state of described pendulum mirror by described motor, when described system is during in preview mode, described in described controller control, put mirror in static state, will described in diffuse signal reflex to described preview image-generating unit, when described system is during in light spectrum image-forming pattern, described in described controller control, put the state of mirror in sweeping, described in inciting somebody to action, diffuse signal reflex to spectrum spectrophotometric unit.
Further, described motor is stepper motor or servomotor.
Further, described preview image-generating unit comprises the first catoptron, lens, the second catoptron;
Described the first catoptron, for the extremely described lens of signal reflex that diffuse that described preview image-generating unit is received;
Described lens, for focusing on the signal that diffuses;
Described the second catoptron, for by the signal reflex that diffuses after described focusing to the photosurface of described probe unit.
Further, described spectrum spectrophotometric unit comprises relay lens, slit, the first spherical reflector, beam-splitting structure, the second spherical reflector;
Described relay lens, for the signal focus that diffuses that described spectrum spectrophotometric unit is received at described slit place;
Described slit, for limiting the luminous flux of the signal that diffuses;
Described the first spherical reflector, for arriving described beam-splitting structure by the signal focus that diffuses that sees through described slit;
Described beam-splitting structure, for carrying out light splitting to the signal that diffuses that sees through described slit;
Described the second spherical reflector, for focusing to the light signal obtaining after light splitting the photosurface of described probe unit.
Further, described beam-splitting structure is convex grating.
Further, described probe unit is planar array detector.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention puts mirror by monolithic and realizes the switching of system between preview mode and light spectrum image-forming pattern, and completes light spectrum image-forming pattern sweeping function simultaneously, has reduced system device quantity, reduces system complex degree, has increased stability.Therefore preview mode can be reduced to the regioselective time of picture, improves the efficiency of system, effectively utilizes the efficient light photograph of field time, has overcome light spectrum image-forming process slower, and the time is longer, is not suitable for the shortcoming of selecting field of view.The present invention is arranged on scanning element at the rear of imaging lens, so can use shell that optical device and sensitive detection parts are encapsulated in closed environment, has effectively reduced the impact of background stray light.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of scanning imagery spectrometer system of providing of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of scanning imagery spectrometer system that provides of embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of scanning imagery spectrometer system of providing of embodiment of the present invention, and this system comprises imaging lens unit 1, scanning element 2, preview image-generating unit 3, spectrum spectrophotometric unit 4, probe unit 5 and computer unit 6;
Described imaging lens unit 1, for collecting the signal that diffuses of ground matter sample; This imaging lens unit can be made up of imaging lens, collects the signal that diffuses of ground matter sample by imaging lens wherein.
Described scanning element 2 comprises pendulum mirror, realize the switching of described system between preview mode and light spectrum image-forming pattern by described pendulum mirror, when described system is during in preview mode, described pendulum mirror diffuses signal reflex to described preview image-generating unit described in inciting somebody to action with static state, when described system is during in light spectrum image-forming pattern, described pendulum mirror with the state of sweeping will described in diffuse signal reflex to spectrum spectrophotometric unit;
Described preview image-generating unit 3, for the signal that diffuses receiving is focused on, and is diverted to the signal that diffuses after described focusing on the photosurface of described probe unit 5;
Described spectrum spectrophotometric unit 4, for the signal that diffuses receiving is carried out to light splitting, and the light signal that described light splitting is obtained reflexes on the photosurface of described probe unit 5; Wherein, the another port of spectrum spectrophotometric unit 4 is connected with probe unit 5, and the another port of probe unit 5 is connected with computer unit 6; Spectrum spectrophotometric unit can adopt dispersion mode or PGP (prism-grating-prism) the dispersion light splitting mode of convex grating, also can use optical filter runner, liquid crystal adjustable optical filter, acousto-optic tunable filter etc. instead and can realize same light spectrum image-forming function.
Described computer unit 6, be connected with described probe unit, obtain pre-review information for the information of surveying according to described probe unit during in preview mode when described system, when described system obtains spectral information according to the information of described probe unit detection during in light spectrum image-forming pattern.Can control the software and hardware of system by this computer unit, to spectroscopic data is gathered, process, show and storage.
Preferably, referring to Fig. 1, said system also comprises shell 18, and described scanning element 2, preview image-generating unit 3, spectrum spectrophotometric unit 4 and probe unit 5 are all positioned at described shell 18.Particularly, scanning element can be placed on to the rear of imaging lens unit, collect the signal that diffuses of ground matter sample by the front of imaging lens, and by the optical device packaging outside computer unit and imaging lens in shell, can effectively reduce the impact of bias light, improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of system, improved the quality of spectroscopic data.
The present invention puts mirror by monolithic and realizes the switching of system between preview mode and light spectrum image-forming pattern, and completes light spectrum image-forming pattern sweeping function simultaneously, has reduced system device quantity, reduces system complex degree, has increased stability.Thereby can before light spectrum image-forming pattern, carry out preview to imaging region, therefore preview mode can be reduced to the regioselective time of picture, the efficiency of raising system, effectively utilize the efficient light of field time to shine, overcome light spectrum image-forming process slower, time is longer, is not suitable for the shortcoming of selecting field of view.The present invention is arranged on scanning element at the rear of imaging lens, so can use shell that optical device and sensitive detection parts are encapsulated in closed environment, has effectively reduced the impact of background stray light.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of scanning imagery spectrometer system that provides of embodiment of the present invention, and this system comprises imaging lens unit 1, scanning element 2, preview image-generating unit 3, spectrum spectrophotometric unit 4, probe unit 5 and computer unit 6;
Wherein, scanning element 2 comprises pendulum mirror 10, also comprise motor 11 and controller 12, described controller 12 is controlled the state of described pendulum mirror 10 by described motor 11, and when system is during in preview mode, controller 12 is controlled pendulum mirrors 10 in static state, to diffuse signal reflex to preview image-generating unit, when system is during in light spectrum image-forming pattern, controller 12 is controlled the state of pendulum mirrors 10 in sweeping, and the signal reflex that will diffuse is to spectrum spectrophotometric unit.Wherein, above-mentioned motor can be stepper motor or servomotor.For example, above-mentioned motor can be stepper motor, controller can be controllor for step-by-step motor, the catoptron that pendulum mirror 10 is plated film, mode by mechanical connection is connected with stepper motor 11, and stepper motor 11 is controlled the rotation of pendulum mirror 10 under the control of controllor for step-by-step motor 12, and controllor for step-by-step motor can be commercial control card, capture card, or the circuit-board card of spontaneous design.When system is during in preview imaging pattern, controller control pendulum mirror remains static, and makes to put mirror and the incident light axis of the signal that diffuses and keep default angle, and for example its angle can be 135 degree; When system is during in light spectrum image-forming pattern, controller control pendulum mirror is with sweeping back and forth in the angle of presetting, by sweep trace accordingly the light signal of matter sample reflex to spectrum spectrophotometric unit.
Described preview image-generating unit 3 comprises the first catoptron 7, lens 8, the second catoptron 9;
Described the first catoptron 7, for the extremely described lens of signal reflex that diffuse that described preview image-generating unit is received;
Described lens 8, for focusing on the signal that diffuses;
Described the second catoptron 9, for by the signal reflex that diffuses after described focusing to the photosurface of described probe unit.
Described spectrum spectrophotometric unit 4 comprises relay lens 13, slit 14, the first spherical reflector 15, beam-splitting structure 16, the second spherical reflector 17;
Described relay lens 13, for the signal focus that diffuses that described spectrum spectrophotometric unit is received at described slit place; Wherein, match and make the visual field of preview imaging pattern and light spectrum image-forming pattern consistent with the relay lens in spectrum spectrophotometric unit by the focal length that makes the lens in preview image-generating unit.
Described slit 14 for limiting the luminous flux of the signal that diffuses, and then has determined the spectral resolution of whole system together with beam-splitting structure, probe unit;
Described the first spherical reflector 15, for arriving described beam-splitting structure by the signal focus that diffuses that sees through described slit;
Described beam-splitting structure 16, for carrying out light splitting to the signal that diffuses that sees through described slit; Wherein, beam-splitting structure 16 can be convex grating structure, by this beam-splitting structure by signal chromatic dispersion light splitting, according to different Wavelength distribution in different positions;
Described the second spherical reflector 17, for focusing to the light signal obtaining after light splitting the photosurface of described probe unit.
In addition before, can also the relay lens in spectrum spectrophotometric unit, increasing optical filter uses fluorescence Spectra imaging mode instead and can realize same light spectrum image-forming function.
Particularly, when system is during in preview mode, the signal that diffuses that imaging lens unit 1 is collected ground matter sample enters scanning element 2, pendulum mirror in controller 12 gated sweep unit 2 becomes 135 degree angles static with incident light axis, the light path of the signal that diffuses is folded to preview image-generating unit 3, the first catoptron 7 in preview image-generating unit 3 is by light path relay lens 8, camera lens 8 is by signal focus, the second catoptron 9 turns to the light beam of focus state on the photosurface of probe unit 5 and surveys, now only there is imaging function, can switch fast imaging viewing field by the mode of rotating imaging platform, when system is during in light spectrum image-forming pattern, pendulum mirror 10 in controller 12 gated sweep unit 2 turns to spectrum spectrophotometric unit 4, the signal reflex that diffuses of the pendulum mirror 10 ground matter sample that sweeping is collected imaging lens unit 1 back and forth in certain angle enters spectrum spectrophotometric unit 4, the light beam that relay lens 13 in spectrum spectrophotometric unit 4 reflects pendulum mirror 10 focuses on slit 14 places of spectrum spectrophotometric unit 4, the first spherical reflector 15 will focus on beam-splitting structure 16 by the long and narrow light beam of slit 14, beam-splitting structure 16 carries out dispersion light splitting to light beam, the second spherical reflector 17 focuses on the light beam after dispersion light splitting on the photosurface of probe unit 5.Wherein, probe unit 5 can be planar array detector, can be for example the planar array detector that CCD, sCMOS, flat panel detector or other have said function, the direction that detector photosurface is parallel to slit be called space dimension, and the photosensitive bin of every a line is the picture of a spectrum channel of atural object band; Detector photosurface is spectrum dimension perpendicular to the direction of slit, photosurface each to be listed as on photosensitive bin be the picture of a spatial sampling visual field of atural object band (pixel) spectral dispersion, the spectral information that planar array detector in probe unit 5 obtains detection transfers to computer unit 6 to process the spectral information that obtains each pixel, generally, imaging spectrometer imaging is each time for an atural object sweep trace, by pendulum mirror 10 back and forth sweeping just can carry out light spectrum image-forming to the ground matter sample in imaging lens unit 1 visual field.
In the scanning imagery spectrometer system providing in embodiment of the present invention, use pendulum mirror to switch preview mode and light spectrum image-forming pattern by rotating different angles, before light spectrum image-forming, be switched to the region of sense user interest, not only reduce the setup time of light spectrum image-forming, to more area-of-interest is carried out to imaging in limited light application time, also reduce the quantity of optical element in system, simplify the complexity of system, in addition, scanning element is arranged on imaging lens unit rear by system, this system by the optical device packaging outside computer unit and imaging lens in the enclosure, effectively reduce the impact of background stray light, improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), improve the quality of spectroscopic data.
Above embodiment is only for illustrating the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. a scanning imagery spectrometer system, is characterized in that, comprises imaging lens unit, scanning element, preview image-generating unit, spectrum spectrophotometric unit, probe unit and computer unit;
Described imaging lens unit, for collecting the signal that diffuses of ground matter sample;
Described scanning element comprises pendulum mirror, realize the switching of described system between preview mode and light spectrum image-forming pattern by described pendulum mirror, when described system is during in preview mode, described pendulum mirror diffuses signal reflex to described preview image-generating unit described in inciting somebody to action with static state, when described system is during in light spectrum image-forming pattern, described pendulum mirror with the state of sweeping will described in diffuse signal reflex to spectrum spectrophotometric unit;
Described preview image-generating unit, for the signal that diffuses receiving is focused on, and is diverted to the signal that diffuses after described focusing on the photosurface of described probe unit;
Described spectrum spectrophotometric unit, for the signal that diffuses receiving is carried out to light splitting, and the light signal that described light splitting is obtained reflexes on the photosurface of described probe unit;
Described computer unit, be connected with described probe unit, obtain pre-review information for the information of surveying according to described probe unit during in preview mode when described system, when described system obtains spectral information according to the information of described probe unit detection during in light spectrum image-forming pattern.
2. scanning imagery spectrometer system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described scanning element is positioned at the rear of described imaging lens unit, described system also comprises shell, described scanning element, preview image-generating unit, spectrum spectrophotometric unit and probe unit are all positioned at described shell, form enclosed construction.
3. scanning imagery spectrometer system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described scanning element also comprises motor and controller, described controller is controlled the state of described pendulum mirror by described motor, when described system is during in preview mode, described in described controller control, put mirror in static state, described in inciting somebody to action, diffuse signal reflex to described preview image-generating unit, when described system is during in light spectrum image-forming pattern, described in described controller control, put the state of mirror in sweeping, described in inciting somebody to action, diffuse signal reflex to spectrum spectrophotometric unit.
4. scanning imagery spectrometer system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described motor is stepper motor or servomotor.
5. scanning imagery spectrometer system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described preview image-generating unit comprises the first catoptron, lens, the second catoptron;
Described the first catoptron, for the extremely described lens of signal reflex that diffuse that described preview image-generating unit is received;
Described lens, for focusing on the signal that diffuses;
Described the second catoptron, for by the signal reflex that diffuses after described focusing to the photosurface of described probe unit.
6. scanning imagery spectrometer system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described spectrum spectrophotometric unit comprises relay lens, slit, the first spherical reflector, beam-splitting structure, the second spherical reflector;
Described relay lens, for the signal focus that diffuses that described spectrum spectrophotometric unit is received at described slit place;
Described slit, for limiting the luminous flux of the signal that diffuses;
Described the first spherical reflector, for arriving described beam-splitting structure by the signal focus that diffuses that sees through described slit;
Described beam-splitting structure, for carrying out light splitting to the signal that diffuses that sees through described slit;
Described the second spherical reflector, for focusing to the light signal obtaining after light splitting the photosurface of described probe unit.
7. scanning imagery spectrometer system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described beam-splitting structure is convex grating.
8. according to the arbitrary described scanning imagery spectrometer system of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described probe unit is planar array detector.
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| CN104656100A (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2015-05-27 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Line-scanning hyperspectral real-time anomaly detection method and system |
| CN105043541A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-11-11 | 四川双利合谱科技有限公司 | Polygon mirror assembly of swing-scanning spectrometer |
| CN105292508A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-02-03 | 孙颖 | Imaging method for rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle-based scanning imaging system |
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| CN101504316A (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2009-08-12 | 北京理工大学 | Color filter tuning type window scanning optical spectrum imaging system and method |
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| EP1567852A1 (en) * | 2002-12-02 | 2005-08-31 | Erasmus University Rotterdam | Use of high wavenumber raman spectroscopy for measuring tissue |
| CN101504316A (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2009-08-12 | 北京理工大学 | Color filter tuning type window scanning optical spectrum imaging system and method |
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| CN104656100A (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2015-05-27 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Line-scanning hyperspectral real-time anomaly detection method and system |
| CN105043541A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-11-11 | 四川双利合谱科技有限公司 | Polygon mirror assembly of swing-scanning spectrometer |
| CN105292508A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-02-03 | 孙颖 | Imaging method for rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle-based scanning imaging system |
| CN105292508B (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2018-06-29 | 孙颖 | A kind of imaging method of the scanning imaging system based on rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle |
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