CN1041531A - 皮下注射器夹持装置 - Google Patents

皮下注射器夹持装置 Download PDF

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CN1041531A
CN1041531A CN89107495A CN89107495A CN1041531A CN 1041531 A CN1041531 A CN 1041531A CN 89107495 A CN89107495 A CN 89107495A CN 89107495 A CN89107495 A CN 89107495A CN 1041531 A CN1041531 A CN 1041531A
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约翰·威廉·克拉克
戴尔·卡文·哈里斯
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Abstract

一种用于注射预充药的药筒—针头组件中的药剂的注射器夹持装置，主要包含有一个可摆动地连接到推杆导套上的药筒夹持套筒和一个可滑动地装在该导套内的推杆。

Description

本发明涉及皮下注射器，更具体说涉及一种用来将粘性液体从预充药的药筒-针头组件送出的皮下注射器本体。
几家公司正在研制牛生长激素（BST）作为提高奶牛产奶率的作用剂。美国专利申请06/768，605公开的可注射的缓释配方是一种特别好的运送BST的载体。此配方是一种含有悬浮在一个载体里的BST的粘性液体，这载体含有约1%到约20%的蜡和约80%到约99%的油。本发明就是由于要提供一种用于施用这个配方的可靠而方便的装置的需求而产生的。
为了将牲畜之间的交互感染降到最低，希望有一种使用一次性使用的带有针头的预充药药筒的施药装置。现有技术中存在的一个问题是针头容易从药筒上断开，也经常出现药筒开裂。这些问题是由于该配方的粘稠性质要求要对注射器的柱塞施加一个很大的压力来施用这种药物而产生的。这种药物在生产出来以后至使用以前必须冷藏，这就使这个问题更加严重。
本发明提供了一种适合于跟一个一次性使用的预充药的圆筒形药筒-针头组件一起使用的注射器夹持装置，这种夹持装置包含有：
一个具有一个用以夹持药筒的圆柱形内孔的药筒夹持套筒，该夹持套筒在一端敞开以容纳药筒并在其相对一端由一个限制药筒轴向运动的端壁部分地封住，该夹持套筒在部分封住的端部具有一个延长部，该延长部具有一个跟夹持套筒的内孔同轴的圆柱形内孔，该延长部内孔的直径要大到足以使药筒的针头与护套能自由地通过但又要适当地加以限制以防止针头角位移过大从而防止了针头从药筒上断开，
一个推杆导套，
一个可滑动地装在该导套内的推杆，和
铰链装置，该铰链装置将夹持套筒跟推杆导套连接起来使夹持套筒可在其内孔跟推杆同轴的工作位置与其内孔不受阻挡的装料位置之间摆动，
该推杆导套包括有一个部分敞开的延长部设置在靠近夹持套筒处在工作位置时其开口端的位置上，该部分敞开节段构成用以容纳药筒的外露的柱塞端的切口，当夹持套筒被摆动进入工作位置时，药筒的外露的柱塞端卡入这部分敞开节段内，从而防止了药筒意外地摆动离开工作位置。
在附图中，
图1是本发明的注射器药筒夹持装置的纵向截面图，部分剖切开，
图2是本发明的注射器药筒夹持装置的另一个实施例的侧视图，
图3是图2所示的实施例的平面图，
图4是用于图1至3的装置里的那种类型的药筒的侧视图，
图5是图4所示的药筒的纵向剖视图，
图6是沿图3的线Ⅵ-Ⅵ取的截面图，示出药筒处于工作位置，
图7是跟图6同一样的视图，但示出药筒处于装进状态，
图8是跟图6同一样的视图，但示出药筒在变形以便进入工作位置。
在附图所示的一个最佳实施例中，本发明提供了一种用以施用一种悬浮在粘稠液体内的药剂的装置。在这装置中，预充药的一次性使用的药筒-针头组件1（图4与5）跟本发明注射器夹持装置一起使用。图1示出一种枪式夹持装置，图2与3示出另一种方案的注射器式注射装置。这种装置特别适用于对牲畜进行皮下注射。
参看图4与5，药筒1是根据几项要求进行设计的。由于药剂在生产出来以后至使用之前必须冷藏，为了将占用的贮存空间减到最小，药筒不带扣指凸缘和柱塞杆。为了将牲畜之间的交互感染的危险降到最低，使用了一次性使用的药筒1，这种药筒具有预装在其上的并用一个护套3罩住的用来注射的针头2。护套用来保持无菌状态并保护锋利的针头。在套节5与药筒的端壁6之间的接合处设置有六条径向筋4以有助于卸下护套并作为增强针头套节的措施。这些筋在描述枪式与注射器式注射装置时还要进一步讨论。药筒最好用聚丙烯模塑成型。
图1的枪式注射装置主要包括有一个带圆柱形内孔22的药筒夹持套筒20、一个推杆导套24、一个可滑动地装在导套内的推杆26、一个支撑着推杆导套并提供一个把手来把持住该装置的本体28、一个通过本体将夹持套筒20跟推杆导套24连在一起使药筒夹持套筒20可以在夹持套筒的内孔22跟推杆26同轴的工作位置与夹持套筒的内孔22不受阻挡的装料位置之间摆动的枢轴点30、一个其一端在一个支点处装到枪本体28上而其另一端则跟推杆连接以施加压力来使推杆滑动的手柄32，和一个含有一个扳机34、一个弹簧36与一个用以阻止推杆26过早运动的扣机38的扳机机构。
跟药筒1一起使用的图1的“枪”式注射装置的一个显著的特征是用来作药筒的夹持装置的可向外摆出的夹持套筒20。在夹持套筒内的药筒的侧壁8，除了在其柱塞端外露的一小段40以外，都紧贴着夹持套筒的内孔壁。这就防止了药筒在其柱塞10承受压力时开裂。夹持套筒在枢轴30处装到本装置的本体28上。一个模塑成夹持套筒的一个部分的杠杆42在本体下方伸出以辅助将夹持套筒转向其装料位置。夹持套筒20在其部分封住的端部具有一个延长部44。这延长部有两个用途：将针头2的角位移降到最小，从而防止针头从药筒1上断开;和防止药筒转动，使护套可以通过拧动来从针头上卸下。具体来说，延长部44具有一个跟夹持套筒20的内孔同轴的圆柱形内孔46来限制针头作过量的角位移。延长部内孔46的直径要足够大以让针头2与护套3自由通过，但也要有适当的限制以防止针头2与套节5有过量的角位移。将针头与套节的角偏移限制在不大于15°左右是合适的。延长部的典型长度是针头长度的1/8到1/2。
延长部在其内部具有六个跟围绕着药筒针头套节设置的筋4接合的槽48以防止药筒转动。
在使用中，将杠杆42往上推来把夹持套筒的敞开端50往上摆动，脱离跟推杆导套24对准的位置，使夹持套筒的敞开端不受阻挡。在图1中用51表示夹持套筒的装料位置。然后将药筒1插入夹持套筒内，带着针头护套的针头放在前面。护套穿过孔52进入夹持套筒的部分封住的端部54，药筒上的筋4跟夹持套筒内的槽48接合，最后药筒的封闭端部6座靠在夹持套筒20内部的底部上。然后通过摆动夹持套筒来跟推杆26对准以将装有药筒的夹持套筒移动到工作位置上去。在进行这个操作时，药筒柱塞端的外露部分40变形并“卡进”由推杆导套的部分敞开的延长部58构成的切口56内。要进行注射时，罩着针头2的护套3要卸下。护套如果能在拔出时“捻转”，卸下就会容易些和安全些。当护套被捻转时，药筒上的六条筋4跟夹持套筒延长部内侧的六条槽48接合，防止药筒转动。内行人会很清楚，相当于所述的筋与槽的其他相互啮合的装置也可以用来阻止药筒转动。
图1所示的注射枪的另一个显著的特征是推杆26和扳机机构的作用。推杆保持在位于夹持套筒后面并与之同轴的推杆导套24内。推杆的前端通过一个大于杆身64并大于导套内孔的头部62卡住在推杆导套24的内孔60内。这个头部的直径略小于药筒1的内径。紧跟着头部62的后面设有一段其直径小于推杆杆身直径的节段66以给扳机机构提供一个卡口。这节段的长度等于扣机38的宽度加上约3/16英寸。推杆杆身可以在推杆导套的内孔内自由地来回滑动。此推杆导套内孔跟药筒夹持套筒的内孔同轴。
为了将推杆杆身64的后端可相对摆动地装在手柄32上，杆身64在其后端设有一段直径缩小了的节段68，接着终接于一段直径再放大的短节段。杆身的这段短节段活动在位于枪的摆动手柄的顶端的一个“钥匙孔”式的槽70内。手柄的底端装在一个从枪体的底部伸出来的枢轴上。这个手柄的背部做成弧形以适应手掌。
装在板机34上的扣机38可以让推杆的头部前移进入药筒的开口端而不碰到封住药筒开口端的橡胶柱塞10;这有助于在要进行注射时稳定住在枪内的药筒。一当针头穿入到注射所需的深度，即拉动扳机34将扣机38移离推杆内的长口66。随着将摆动手柄32向前压向枪体，将推杆往前推进，直到在药筒内的橡胶柱塞10将要注射的所有药剂通过针头2注射出去为止。
另一个特点是在枪体上设有一个穿透枪体两侧的孔74。这个孔可以用来保持住从药筒上拿下来的护套。这就让那些愿意在注射完毕以后把护套套回针头上的使用者在注射过程中有地方好放护套，好滕出一只空手来。
图2与图3的注射器式夹持装置主要包含有一个药筒夹持套筒78、一个在邻接夹持套筒的开口端84处带有一个部分敞开的延长部82构成的切口86来提供一个跟药筒形成卡入配合的推杆导套80、一个通过一个枢轴点90将推杆导套80跟夹持套筒78接在一起的轭架88、一对扣指凸边92、一个推杆94、一个推杆手柄96和一个推杆回行弹簧98。
图2与图3的注射器式夹持装置还具有一个跟图1的枪式装置的夹持套筒20起同样作用并具有同样特征的可向外摆出的药筒夹持套筒78。这个夹持套筒在其两侧靠近枢轴点的地方各有一个用来限制夹持套筒的摆动使它总是停留在轭架的“装料”侧。枪式与注射器式的注射装置都是要利用药筒开口端在较大切口的情况下能变形与“卡入”的性能。
本发明的注射器夹持装置最好用例如聚碳酸酯模塑成型，但也可以用合适的金属来制造。

Claims (5)

1、一种适合于跟一个预充药的圆筒形药筒-针头组件(1)一起使用的注射器夹持装置，其特征在于包含有：
一个药筒夹持套筒(20)，该夹持套筒在其主体内具有一个用于夹持药筒的圆柱形内孔(22)，该夹持套筒在一端(50)敞开以容纳药筒并在相对一端由一个限制药筒轴向运动的端壁部份地封住，该夹持套筒在部分封住的端部具有一个延长部(44)，该延长部具有一个跟夹持套筒的内孔(22)同轴的圆柱形内孔(46)，该延长部内孔的直径要大到足以使药筒的针头(2)与护套(3)能自由地通过但又要适当地加以限制以防止针头角位移过大从而防止了针头从药筒上断开，
一个推杆导套(24)
一个可滑动地装在该导套内的推杆(26)，和
铰链装置(30)，该铰链装置将药筒夹持套筒跟推杆导套(24)连接起来使夹持套筒可在其内孔(22)跟推杆(26)同轴并与之相对的工作位置与其内孔(22)不受阻挡的装料位置之间摆动，
该推杆导套包括有一个部分敞开的延长部(58)设置在靠近夹持套筒处在工作位置时其开口端的位置上，该部分敞开节段构成用以容纳药筒的外露的柱塞端(40)的切口(56)，当药筒随着夹持套筒被摆动进入工作位置时，其外露的柱塞端卡入这部分敞开节段内，从而防止药筒意外地摆动离开工作位置。
2、按权利要求1的注射器夹持装置，其特征在于在夹持套筒（20）上的延长部（44）将针头（2）相对于药筒纵轴线的角偏移限制在不大于15°。
3、按权利要求1的注射器夹持装置，其特征在于推杆导套装在枪把手本体（28）上。
4、按权利要求1的注射器夹持装置与药筒-针头组件（1）的组合体，其特征在于在夹持套筒延长部的内表面上与药筒-针头组件的套节上具有用来防止药筒转动的相互啮合的装置（4、48）。
5、按权利要求4的组合体装置，其特征在于该相互啮合的装置在针头的套节上含有一条或多条筋4，和在夹持套筒延长部的内孔里含有相对应的槽48。
CN89107495A 1988-09-27 1989-09-22 皮下注射器夹持装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1026212C (zh)

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MX165452B (es) 1992-11-11
DE68906110T2 (de) 1993-08-26
ATE88362T1 (de) 1993-05-15
AU631376B2 (en) 1992-11-26
DD284809A5 (de) 1990-11-28
DE68906110D1 (de) 1993-05-27
CA1309915C (en) 1992-11-10
PT91779A (pt) 1990-03-30
AU4178289A (en) 1990-04-05
IL91696A (en) 1994-02-27
PT91779B (pt) 1995-07-18
PL162226B1 (pl) 1993-09-30
EP0361829A2 (en) 1990-04-04
DK468189A (da) 1990-03-28
NZ230732A (en) 1992-04-28
ES2041007T3 (es) 1993-11-01
DK468189D0 (da) 1989-09-22
IL91696A0 (en) 1990-06-10
JPH02109575A (ja) 1990-04-23
KR900004356A (ko) 1990-04-12
BG50148A3 (en) 1992-05-15
AR245593A1 (es) 1994-02-28
HUT54511A (en) 1991-03-28
CN1026212C (zh) 1994-10-19
US4968303A (en) 1990-11-06
EP0361829B1 (en) 1993-04-21
PH26450A (en) 1992-07-15
EP0361829A3 (en) 1990-08-22

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