CN104152918A - Common steel boriding and quenching combined treatment process - Google Patents
Common steel boriding and quenching combined treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104152918A CN104152918A CN201410349371.0A CN201410349371A CN104152918A CN 104152918 A CN104152918 A CN 104152918A CN 201410349371 A CN201410349371 A CN 201410349371A CN 104152918 A CN104152918 A CN 104152918A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a common steel boriding and quenching combined treatment process which comprises the following steps: cleaning a workpiece, preheating and drying; putting the workpiece into a container filled with a boriding agent, putting the container into a heat treatment furnace, and segmentally heating to a constant boriding temperature; heating or cooling to the quenching temperature of the workpiece in the furnace; discharging the workpiece from the furnace and directly quenching; tempering. The process has the beneficial effects that the boronized workpiece in the container is not discharged from the furnace, is heated or cooled to the quenching temperature and then is discharged from the furnace and directly quenched; boriding and quenching are combined for use, the workpiece is directly heated in the furnace, and a single Fe2B structure can be obtained, so that the structure property can be improved, the brittleness is reduced, and the stripping is prevented; a boriding layer is metallurgically bonded with a base body, so that the service life of the workpiece is prolonged; moreover, the process is suitable for boriding treatment of existing most steel and iron and is very good in commonality. The process can be applied to boriding and quenching of common steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Field of Heat-treatment, particularly relate to a kind of Primary Steel boronising quenching composite treatment process.
Background technology
Boronising is that activated boron atoms that chemical reaction is separated out is placed in the chemical heat treatment method that workpiece surface in high temperature boriding medium absorbs, diffuses to form borided layer.Workpiece is after boronising is processed, surface resistance to marring, high temperature oxidation resistance, solidity to corrosion, red hardness will be far superior to carburizing, nitriding, cyaniding, carbonitriding, because its surface abrasion resistance is high, frictional coefficient is little, can improve the use properties (mechanics, physics, chemical property) of workpiece surface on the one hand, greatly extend the work-ing life of workpiece; Adopt on the other hand general carbon steel or low alloy steel after boronising is processed, can replace the expensive alloy tool and mould of part steel or stainless steel to use, save material cost, thereby be widely used in many component and tool and mould.
Common boronizing method has solid, gas, salt bath etc. multiple, and the advantages such as wherein pack boriding is easy to operate because having, use equipment is simple, system easy to control the quality are preferentially adopted.
According to Fe-B binary alloy phase diagram, after the surface of iron infiltration boron (such as temperature is 1000 ℃), due to the solubleness of boron in γ-Fe very little (3 ‰～8 ‰), therefore form immediately Fe
2b, more further improve concentration and form FeB.Growing up of boride, is to rely on boron with the form of ion, by boride to reacting diffusion front Fe-Fe
2on B and Fe-FeB interface, realize.
The conventional boriding process Fe that is easy to get
2the two-phase structure of B+FeB, wherein, Fe
2b is square center of area crystallographic system, and hardness is 1100～1700HV, and fragility is less; FeB is rhombic system, and hardness is 1500～2200HV, and fragility is larger, can cause boride layer to peel off at subsequent technique or in using.So, from practical application angle, wish to obtain Fe
2the single-phase layer of B.In the test of paper < < boriding process and application > > (author: Xing Zhisong, Wang Baoping), be mentioned to and obtain Fe
2b single phase structure should be grasped several keys: 1. boriding medium activity can not be too strong, and 2. boronising temperature can not too high (theoretical temperatures be 850～1100 ℃), and 3. the boronising time is unsuitable oversize.
Publication number is that the patent of invention of CN 1065689A discloses a kind of steel surface boronising formula that carbonitriding liquid is base salt of take, and is characterized in: with KBF
4for base salt, add reductive agent, catalyzer, can carry out below at 850 ℃, salt bath solution good fluidity, it is fast that boride forms speed.Technical recipe is 14% (NH
2)
2cO, 9%Na
2cO
3, 52%～57%KCl, 7%KBF
4, 10%～15%SiC.
Publication number is a kind of method that the patent of invention of CN 1952216A discloses drip-feed type gas boriding, be characterized in: adopt common drop-feeding gas carburization stove, penetration enhancer is trimethyl borate, methyl alcohol and rare earth chloride preparation, can control depth of penetration and surperficial boron-containing quantity.
Publication number is that the patent of invention of CN 1603452A discloses a kind of method that adopts microwave to prepare fast metallic surface boride layer, be characterized in: utilize the quick selection heating of microwave and accelerate the feature of chemical reaction, in lesser temps (reducing by 100 ℃ than electric furnace) and short period (minimizing) more than three times.
The report also having is for certain specific steel grade boronising, as:
CN 1699617A, for soft steel, needs first by surface grinding, nanometer;
CN 1970825A, for hot-work die steel, applies paste, vacuum boronizing;
CN 101967647A is for cold-drawing seamless tube internal mold.
Paper < < 45 steel cultivating member surface boronizings process and wear resistance > > (author: Xing Ze Ping etc.) by centering carbon carbon constructional quality steel 45 steel surface boronizings, obtain 50 μ m by Fe
2the infiltration layer that B and FeB form, there are a large amount of lamellar pearlitic structures in the transition layer of thick 150 μ m, and through quenching rear surface, hardness reaches 1400HV
0.2.
In published Patents or paper, have plenty of the new boronizing agent formula of research above, or simulate the controlled atmosphere generator employing instillation mode boronisings such as carburizing; Have plenty of by means such as microwave, plasmas, have plenty of and steel piece surface nanometer need be processed, increased heat treatment process cost; Have plenty of for certain specific grade of steel and make an effort, versatility is little.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned technical problem, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Primary Steel boronising quenching composite treatment process, effectively workpiece is carried out to boronising processing, and there is stronger versatility.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A Primary Steel boronising quenching composite treatment process, comprises the following steps:
A. workpiece cleaning, preheating and oven dry;
B. workpiece is placed in to the container of pack boriding agent, and container is packed in heat treatment furnace, zone heating is incubated to boronising temperature;
C. heat up in stove or be cooled to the quenching temperature of workpiece;
D. the workpiece direct quenching of coming out of the stove;
E. tempering.
Its boronising temperature of most iron and steel and the quenching temperature used are at present comparatively approaching, so step b and c carry out continuously, can obtain single Fe
2b tissue, after current boronising, cooling is warming up to the traditional technology of quenching temperature again and has saved step, has improved efficiency, and can guarantee the structure property of steel part.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, in described step b, boronising temperature is 930～1000 ℃, soaking time 6h.
The quenching temperature of die steel H13, Cr12MoV, Cr12,2Cr13 class can be at 1000 ℃, and the quenching temperature of plain carbon stool, steel alloy 45,40Cr, 42CrMo, T10, GCr15, cast iron class can be at 850 ℃; The quenching temperature of special tool steel 65Nb etc. can be at 1080～1100 ℃.Because dissimilar iron and steel quenching temperature is all different, or lower than, higher than with approach boronising temperature, therefore dissimilar iron and steel can be put into a plurality of containers, in same heat treatment furnace, carry out the boronising of multiple batches of, similar iron and steel or inhomogeneity iron and steel and quench.First quenching temperature is approached the material quenching of boronising temperature, the quenching temperature that heats up or be cooled to another kind of iron and steel is quenched, like this in actual production processing, with heat, process batch workpiece large, highly versatile, saved artificial and grid electricity fee cost, easy to operate, efficiency is high, and produce huge social benefit.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described zone heating includes stove post-heating to 200 ℃ insulation 3h, then rises to 550 ~ 600 ℃ with the heat-up rate of 50 ~ 80 ℃/h, and insulation 4h, is heated to boronising temperature with 50 ~ 80 ℃/h heat-up rate afterwards.By the mode of zone heating, can control on the one hand the heat-up rate of furnace temperature, reduce on the other hand steel piece surface and inner thermal stresses, make its even temperature.Workpiece interalloy element is more, and heat-transfer rate is slow, and heat-up rate is corresponding to be slowed down.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described boronizing agent is immobilized particles shape or Powdered.The advantages such as pack boriding is easy to operate because having, use equipment is simple, system easy to control the quality are had precedence over salt bath boronising and are adopted.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention workpiece in container, in boronising container, after boronising, do not come out of the stove, in container, make workpiece heat up or be cooled to quenching temperature, the direct quenching of coming out of the stove afterwards, boronising and quenching compound use, directly in stove, heated, can obtain single Fe
2b tissue, improves structure property, reduces fragility, prevents from peeling off, and makes infiltration layer and matrix reach metallurgical binding, extends the service life of workpiece, and this technique is applicable to the boronising processing of existing most iron and steel, has very strong versatility.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is artwork of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is H13 top layer metallograph (500 times) after boronising;
Fig. 3 is 40Cr top layer metallograph (100 times) after boronising;
Fig. 4 is 65Nb top layer metallograph (500 times) after boronising.
T1 in Fig. 1-each common hotwork, cold-work die steel and stainless quenching temperature; The quenching temperature of T2-each plain carbon stool, steel alloy and cast iron; The quenching temperature of T3-each common rapid steel.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Hot-work die steel H13(4Cr5MoSiV1) boronising quenching composite treatment process, comprises the following steps:
(1) will commonly use hot-work die steel H13 workpiece cleaning, preheating, at 100 ℃ of insulation 1h, dry, and be placed in the container that is filled with solid powdery boronizing agent, and send in RJ type or FXL type heat treatment furnace;
(2) furnace temperature is risen to 200 ℃, insulation 3h;
(3) temperature with 60～70 ℃/h rises to 550～600 ℃ by furnace temperature, insulation 4h;
(4) temperature with 60～70 ℃/h rises to 1000 ℃ by furnace temperature, insulation 6h;
(5) quench: hang out workpiece, the quenching of coming out of the stove;
(6) tempering: 560 ℃ of tempering 2～3 times.
Therefore the boronising temperature of hot-work die steel H13, Cr12MoV, Cr12,2Cr13 class and quenching temperature very approach and directly 1000 ℃ of boronisings, quench.Through the top layer metallograph after this art breading, see Fig. 2, its performance sees the following form 1, and in table, HV refers to and adopts 200g load, protects and carries the hardness value (lower same) recording after 15s:
Table 1
Embodiment 2
The boronising quenching composite treatment process of middle carbon quenched and tempered steel 40Cr, comprises the following steps:
(1) will commonly use middle carbon quenched and tempered steel 40Cr workpiece cleaning, preheating, at 200 ℃ of insulation 2h, dry, and be placed in the container that is filled with solid powdery boronizing agent, and send in RJ type or FXL type heat treatment furnace;
(2) furnace temperature is risen to 200 ℃, insulation 3h;
(3) temperature with 70～80 ℃/h rises to 550～600 ℃ by furnace temperature, insulation 4h;
(4) temperature with 70～80 ℃/h rises to 930～1000 ℃ by furnace temperature, insulation 6h;
(5) furnace temperature is down to 850 ℃ again, insulation 2～3h;
(6) quench: hang out workpiece, the quenching of coming out of the stove;
(7) tempering: low temperature 200 ℃ times 1～2 time.
Through the top layer metallograph after this art breading, see Fig. 3, its performance sees the following form 2:
Table 2
Embodiment 3
The boronising quenching composite treatment process of niobium-contained high-speed steel 65Nb, comprises the following steps:
(1) by niobium-contained high-speed steel 65Nb(65Cr4W3Mo2VNb) workpiece cleaning, preheating, at 150 ℃ of insulation 1.5h, dry, be placed in the container that is filled with solid powdery boronizing agent, and send in RJ type or FXL type heat treatment furnace;
(2) furnace temperature is risen to 200 ℃, insulation 3h;
(3) temperature with 50～60 ℃/h rises to 550 ~ 600 ℃ by furnace temperature, insulation 4h;
(4) temperature with 50～60 ℃/h rises to 930 ℃～1000 by furnace temperature, insulation 6h.
(5) again furnace temperature is delayed and risen to 1080 ℃～1100 ℃, insulation 2～3h;
(6) quench: hang out workpiece, the quenching of coming out of the stove;
(7) tempering: 560 ℃ of tempering 3 times.
Through the top layer metallograph after this art breading, see Fig. 4, its performance sees the following form 3:
Table 3
Three kinds of materials of above-mentioned three embodiment are after boronising quenching Combined Processing, and surface hardness is all greatly increased, and wear resistance is greatly improved.In actual production for many clients, comprise die steel (H13,3Cr2W8, Cr12, Cr12MoV etc.), stainless steel (2Cr13,1Cr18Ni9Ti etc.), carbon steel (A3,45, T10 etc.), steel alloy (40Cr, 42CrMo etc.), tool steel (GCr15,9SiCr etc.), rapid steel (65Nb, W18Cr4V etc.), the workpiece such as cast iron, reasonable arrangement is with stove boronising, separately all meet use properties requirement after Q-tempering.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it does not form limiting the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. a Primary Steel boronising quenching composite treatment process, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A. workpiece cleaning, preheating and oven dry;
B. workpiece is placed in to the container of pack boriding agent, and container is packed in heat treatment furnace, zone heating is incubated to boronising temperature;
C. heat up in stove or be cooled to the quenching temperature of workpiece;
D. the workpiece direct quenching of coming out of the stove;
E. tempering.
2. Primary Steel boronising quenching composite treatment process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step b, boronising temperature is 930～1000 ℃, soaking time 6h.
3. Primary Steel boronising quenching composite treatment process according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described zone heating includes stove post-heating to 200 ℃ insulation 3h, intensification temperature with 50 ~ 80 ℃/h rises to 550 ~ 600 ℃ again, and insulation 4h, is heated to boronising temperature with 50 ~ 80 ℃/h afterwards.
4. Primary Steel boronising quenching composite treatment process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described boronizing agent is immobilized particles shape or Powdered.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104455538A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-03-25 | 章华 | Ball valve ball with high-wearable sealing surface and production method thereof |
| CN104805398A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-07-29 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 | Method for reducing boronizing deformation of nozzle set for steam turbine |
| CN105537355A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-05-04 | 浙江金盾压力容器有限公司 | Mold for cold spinning of steel seamless gas cylinder and processing technique |
| CN106148970A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2016-11-23 | 宁波金特信钢铁科技有限公司 | A kind of piercing plug for seamless steel tubes surface infiltration layer technique |
| CN107794492A (en) * | 2017-11-18 | 2018-03-13 | 五河县黄淮粮油机械有限公司 | A kind of method of mould salt bath boronising |
| CN107806763A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-16 | 台州市永宁轴承制造有限公司 | A kind of Gcr15 material surface strengthenings handling process and equipment |
| CN108796426A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-11-13 | 深圳市金胜金属技术有限公司 | A kind of superhard treatment process of metal surface boronising |
| CN109468579A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-15 | 杨浩鹏 | A kind of mold targeting surface treatment method and boriding medium based on vacuum heat treatment |
| CN111004972A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-14 | 安徽蜀牛数据科技有限公司 | Alloy material for manufacturing large passenger plane undercarriage and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104455538A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-03-25 | 章华 | Ball valve ball with high-wearable sealing surface and production method thereof |
| CN104805398A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-07-29 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 | Method for reducing boronizing deformation of nozzle set for steam turbine |
| CN106148970A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2016-11-23 | 宁波金特信钢铁科技有限公司 | A kind of piercing plug for seamless steel tubes surface infiltration layer technique |
| CN105537355A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-05-04 | 浙江金盾压力容器有限公司 | Mold for cold spinning of steel seamless gas cylinder and processing technique |
| CN108796426A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-11-13 | 深圳市金胜金属技术有限公司 | A kind of superhard treatment process of metal surface boronising |
| CN107806763A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-16 | 台州市永宁轴承制造有限公司 | A kind of Gcr15 material surface strengthenings handling process and equipment |
| CN107806763B (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2019-07-05 | 台州市永宁轴承制造有限公司 | A kind of Gcr15 material surface strengthening treatment process and equipment |
| CN107794492A (en) * | 2017-11-18 | 2018-03-13 | 五河县黄淮粮油机械有限公司 | A kind of method of mould salt bath boronising |
| CN109468579A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-15 | 杨浩鹏 | A kind of mold targeting surface treatment method and boriding medium based on vacuum heat treatment |
| CN109468579B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2021-05-11 | 杨浩鹏 | Mold targeting surface treatment method based on vacuum heat treatment and boronizing agent |
| CN111004972A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-14 | 安徽蜀牛数据科技有限公司 | Alloy material for manufacturing large passenger plane undercarriage and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20141119 |