CN105525255A - Fast and efficient aluminum-silicon-nitrogen composite permeating technology for steel - Google Patents
Fast and efficient aluminum-silicon-nitrogen composite permeating technology for steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN105525255A CN105525255A CN201510942959.1A CN201510942959A CN105525255A CN 105525255 A CN105525255 A CN 105525255A CN 201510942959 A CN201510942959 A CN 201510942959A CN 105525255 A CN105525255 A CN 105525255A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C12/00—Solid state diffusion of at least one non-metal element other than silicon and at least one metal element or silicon into metallic material surfaces
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Abstract
The invention provides a technology for rapidly, efficiently and compositely permeating aluminum-silicon-nitrogen into the steel surface so as to improve the high temperature oxidation resistance and the abrasive resistance of steel. Firstly, a piece needing to be treated is subject to alternating electric field strengthening powder method aluminum-silicon co-permeating at the temperature ranging from 700 DEG C to 850 DEG C, and an aluminum-silicon co-permeating layer with the surface layer without an aluminum-rich phase is obtained; and the part obtained after alternating electric field alumetizing is subject to alternating electric field strengthening powder method nitriding within the temperature scope ranging from 550 DEG C to 600 DEG C, nitride like AlN is formed in the aluminum-silicon co-permeating layer obtained in the former stage, and an aluminum-silicon-nitrogen composite permeating layer is obtained. Compared with traditional aluminum-silicon-nitrogen composite permeating, by means of the aluminum-silicon-nitrogen composite permeating technology, the permeating and expanding temperature of an aluminum-silicon co-permeating section falls to 50 DEG C to 200 DEG C, the aluminum-silicon-nitrogen composite permeating speed can be increased by one to three times, the performance of the composite permeating layer is improved, the permeating and expanding processing energy consumption is reduced, and meanwhile, the using rate of permeating agents in all fragments is obviously increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technology to metal parts modifying surface, refering in particular to that a kind of ferrous materials piece surface is wear-resisting for improving, the efficient energy-saving of resistance to high temperature oxidation and corrosion resisting property prepares the method for aluminium-silicon-nitrogen compisite seeping layer.
Technical background
Powder method aluminium-silicon-nitrogen composite cementation is by infiltrating ferrous materials part top layer by aluminium, silicon, nitrogen three kinds of elements, form the aluminium-silicon-nitrogen compisite seeping layer with very high rigidity and wear resistance and resistance to high temperature oxidation and anticorrosive integration capability, thus the work-ing life of many iron and steel parts used under friction, wearing and tearing and high-temperature oxidation environment can be improved.
Aluminium-silicon-nitrogen composite cementation generally blends nitriding two-stage process altogether by aluminium-silicon and forms.Aluminium-silicon oozes altogether and forms aluminium-silicon co-penetration layer on iron and steel parts top layer, can increase substantially solidity to corrosion and the high temperature oxidation resistance of workpiece; Nitriding subsequently forms the nitride of the high rigidity of disperse or continuous distribution, the AlN of high stable and iron in aluminium-silicon co-penetration layer, can significantly improve the hardness of infiltration layer, wear resistance.
In conventional powder method aluminium-silicon-nitrogen composite cementation, no matter be the infiltration that aluminium-silicon oozes stage aluminium, silicon altogether, or the infiltration of nitriding section nitrogen, aluminium, silicon and nitrogen are to the major cause being formed thicker infiltration layer by the comparatively slow foot impact of speed of oozing inside parts diffusion fast, improving Heating temperature is the Main Means that traditional technology accelerates infiltration rate, especially to the infiltration of aluminium, silicon.In addition, impact is oozed formation activity in case and need be infiltrated atom or mainly process Heating temperature containing the externalities of the active group that need infiltrate element, active atomic, group diffuse to oozed piece surface also only rely on thermodiffusion reach, if Heating temperature is not high, be then unfavorable for that being oozed piece surface obtains fast and need infiltrate element.But high Heating temperature not only energy consumption is high, the mechanical property of material matrix also can be reduced.Therefore, the Heating temperature of conventional powder method aluminium-silicon-nitrogen composite cementation not only aluminium-silicon section of oozing altogether is very high, and energy consumption is high, ooze that to expand efficiency lower, and quality layer is also undesirable.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the weak point overcoming conventional powder method aluminium-silicon-nitrogen composite cementation technology, a kind of efficient, energy-saving aluminum-silicon-nitrogen composite cementation technology is newly provided.This technology is realized by following technical proposal
Ooze the stage altogether at aluminium-silicon, pair of parallel electrode be set by oozing in case in sealing, by parallel pole to penetration enhancer and oozed workpiece apply alternating-electric field, penetration enhancer is by 0.5 ~ 10% aluminium powder, 98.5 ~ 76% carborundum powders, 0.5 ~ 4%NH
4cl and 0.5 ~ 10% wood charcoal powder are formed, and ooze and expand heating temperature range 700 ~ 900 DEG C, field current scope is 1 ~ 6A, soaking time 2 ~ 6 hours; After insulation terminates, the cold case that oozes of stove, to room temperature, takes out workpiece, carries out oozing of next stage and expands process.
In the nitriding stage, by oozing parallel pole in case in sealing to penetration enhancer with oozed workpiece and apply alternating-electric field, high nitrogen content powder nitriding medium is adopted to carry out nitriding.The high nitrogenous nitriding medium of high reactivity is by 40 ~ 80% urea, 59.9 ~ 18% rich nitrogen wood charcoal powder and 0.1 ~ 2%NH
4cl is formed, nitriding heating temperature range 450 ~ 650 DEG C, and field current scope is 0.2 ~ 4A, soaking time 2 ~ 6 hours; After insulation terminates, the cold case that oozes of stove, to room temperature, takes out workpiece, completes aluminium-silicon-nitrogen composite cementation.
The preparation technology of the rich nitrogen wood charcoal powder that nitriding is used is: Powdered charcoal and urea are sealed in and ooze tank, wherein urea content 40% ~ 80%, surplus is charcoal, at 450 DEG C of-650 DEG C of heating and thermal insulations after 1 ~ 6 hour, slow cooling is to room temperature, can opening takes out wood charcoal powder, thus the rich nitrogen wood charcoal powder of obtained different nitrogen content.
Major advantage of the present invention is to overcome conventional powders method aluminium-silicon-nitrogen composite cementation penetration enhancer and relies on merely heating by electric cooker and decompose and produce active aluminum, silicon, nitrogen-atoms and a series of deficiencies of causing, utilize the chemical reaction between the decomposition of the physical action promotion penetration enhancer of alternating-electric field and penetration enhancer, increase considerably concentration and the activity of active aluminum, silicon, nitrogen-atoms, thus improve the utilization ratio of penetration enhancer, accelerate infiltration rate, reduce and ooze expansion treatment temp; Utilize cheap NH
4cl activates aluminium-silicon altogether osmosis work-piece surface, removes surface passivated membrane, promotes nitrogen and the Al previously infiltrated to react and the deep infiltration of nitrogen; Utilize " collection skin " effect of the influential action of ac magnetic field and alternating-current to increase and oozed the passage of part top layer for aluminium, silicon, nitrogen diffusion, accelerate aluminium, silicon, nitrogen to being oozed the diffusion of inside parts, improve infiltration rate, also avoid aluminium-silicon and ooze the enrichment of stage aluminium on top layer altogether, thus make compisite seeping layer not only thicker, obtain high hardness, the distribution of co-penetration layer hardness curve is more reasonable in addition, and mechanical property is better.
Adopt the treatment temp used far below existing conventional powders method aluminium-silicon, use this technology also can be met service requirements thickness and the aluminium-silicon-nitrogen compisite seeping layer better than common process gained penetrated layer property.This technology have enhance productivity, the advantage such as save energy, reduction production cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Being oozed material is: 45 steel; Aluminium-silicon diffusion medium composition: for aluminium agent (aluminium powder, content is 2%), activator (ammonium chloride, content is 1%), raising agent (charcoal, content is 1%), weighting agent, for silicea (green silicon carbide, content is 96%); Nitridizing agent forms: hold concurrently for nitrogen agent (rich nitrogen charcoal, content is 60%) for nitrogen agent (industrial urea, content is 40%), weighting agent.
First carry out the section of the oozing process altogether of aluminium-silicon: be placed in by sample and ooze between the parallel plate electrode of two, case, two electrodes are connected on a voltage in 0 ~ 250 volt of continuously adjustable 50Hz AC power of scope by connecting wire respectively, electrode and sample are sealed in and ooze in case together with aluminium-silicon diffusion medium, be placed in heat treatment furnace and rise to 800 DEG C from room temperature, applying electric current at two interpolars is the alternating current of 2A, be incubated 4 hours, stove is chilled to room temperature, takes out sample.
Then the process of nitriding section is carried out: aluminium-silicon is oozed altogether rear sample and be placed in aluminium-silicon device that the section of oozing is the same altogether, insert nitridizing agent, after sealing, in heat treatment furnace, rise to 580 DEG C from room temperature, applying electric current at two interpolars is the alternating current of 1A, be incubated 4 hours, stove is chilled to room temperature, takes out sample.
Result: sample top layer obtains the aluminium-silicon-nitrogen compisite seeping layer of 200 μm, and surface hardness reaches more than HV800, by table to inner, in compisite seeping layer, hardness reaches 150 μm at HV400 deeply with upper part.
Embodiment 2
Being oozed material is: 45 steel; Aluminium-silicon diffusion medium composition: for aluminium agent (aluminium powder, content is 2%), activator (ammonium chloride, content is 1%), raising agent (charcoal, content is 1%), weighting agent, for silicea (green silicon carbide, content is 96%); Nitridizing agent forms: hold concurrently for nitrogen agent (rich nitrogen charcoal, content is 58%) for nitrogen agent (industrial urea, content is 40%), activator (ammonium chloride, content is 2%), weighting agent.
Complex seeping method and device are with embodiment 1.Aluminium-silicon altogether the section of oozing temperature 800 DEG C, soaking time 4 hours, field current is 2A; Nitriding section temperature 550 DEG C, field current is 0.5A, soaking time 2 hours.
Result: sample top layer obtains the aluminium-silicon-nitrogen compisite seeping layer of 200 μm, and top layer maximum hardness reaches more than HV1100, by table to inner, in compisite seeping layer, hardness reaches 60 μm at HV400 deeply with upper part.
Embodiment 3
Being oozed material is: 45 steel; Aluminium-silicon diffusion medium composition: for aluminium agent (aluminium powder, content is 2%), activator (ammonium chloride, content is 1%), raising agent (charcoal, content is 1%), weighting agent, for silicea (green silicon carbide, content is 96%); Nitridizing agent forms: hold concurrently for nitrogen agent (rich nitrogen charcoal, content is 59%) for nitrogen agent (industrial urea, content is 40%), activator (ammonium chloride, content is 1%), weighting agent.
Complex seeping method and device are with embodiment 1.Aluminium-silicon altogether the section of oozing temperature 800 DEG C, soaking time 4 hours, field current is 2A; Nitriding section: 550 DEG C, insulation 2 hours+600 DEG C, insulation 2 hours, field current is 0.5A.
Result: sample top layer obtains the aluminium-silicon-nitrogen compisite seeping layer of 200 μm, and surface hardness reaches more than HV1000, by table to inner, in compisite seeping layer, hardness reaches 90 μm at HV400 deeply with upper part.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is carried out method that is energy-conservation, efficient, Quick-acting aluminium metallurgy-silicon-nitrogen composite cementation to steel, it is characterized in that: first workpiece and aluminium-silicon diffusion medium are sealed in and ooze in tank, at 700-900 DEG C of heating and thermal insulation, by applying alternating-electric field oozing in tank, carry out alternating-electric field enhancing powder method aluminium-silicon to steel to ooze altogether, alternating-electric field electric current is 1 ~ 6A, soaking time 2 ~ 6 hours, obtains top layer without rich aluminium phase Al
5fe
3, AlFe
2aluminium-silicon co-penetration layer; Then ooze part altogether to aluminium-silicon and carry out alternating-electric field enhancing powder method strengthening nitriding, nitriding temperature scope is 500 DEG C-650 DEG C, and alternating-electric field electric current is 1 ~ 6A, soaking time 2 ~ 6 hours, thus obtains aluminium-silicon-nitrogen compisite seeping layer.
2. realize a kind of aluminium-silicon diffusion medium according to claim 1, penetration enhancer is by 0.5 ~ 10% aluminium powder, 98.5 ~ 76% carborundum powders, 0.5 ~ 4%NH
4cl and 0.5 ~ 10% wood charcoal powder are formed.
3. realize one according to claim 1 to aluminium-silicon altogether osmosis work-piece carry out subordinate phase alternating-electric field strengthen nitriding time, the high nitrogenous powder nitriding medium of high reactivity used.This nitriding medium is by 40% ~ 80% urea, 0.1 ~ 2%NH
4cl and rich nitrogen wood charcoal powder (surplus) are formed.
4. realize one according to claim 1 when osmosis work-piece carries out subordinate phase alternating-electric field enhancing nitriding altogether to aluminium-silicon, adopt the high nitrogenous powder nitriding medium of high reactivity to carry out the method for nitriding, to improve aluminium-silicon-nitrogen composite cementation quality further.It is characterized in that workpiece, nitriding medium to be sealed in be provided with pair of parallel electrode ooze tank.High for high reactivity nitrogenous powder nitriding medium is combined with alternating-electric field, improves nitriding speed and quality.
5. realize a kind of method improving nitriding medium nitrogen content according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the Powdered charcoal and urea that are used for nitriding to be sealed in ooze tank, wherein urea content 40% ~ 80%, surplus is charcoal, at 450 DEG C of-650 DEG C of heating and thermal insulations after 1 ~ 6 hour, slow cooling is to room temperature, and can opening takes out wood charcoal powder, thus the rich nitrogen wood charcoal powder of obtained different nitrogen content.Rich nitrogen wood charcoal powder and urea, NH
4cl Homogeneous phase mixing, obtains high nitrogen-containing nitriding medium.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108251790A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-07-06 | 常州大学 | A kind of AC field aluminizing technology of stability and high efficiency of steel |
| CN108286032A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-07-17 | 常州大学 | A kind of chromaluminosiliconizing technology of high-efficiency and economic of steel |
| CN111020474A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-17 | 武汉纺织大学 | Nondestructive wear-resistant treatment method for plasma composite infiltrated layer on surface of 45 steel |
| CN114892125A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-12 | 台州学院 | Preparation method of PN-Al composite infiltration layer on surface of 40Cr steel |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108251790A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-07-06 | 常州大学 | A kind of AC field aluminizing technology of stability and high efficiency of steel |
| CN108286032A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-07-17 | 常州大学 | A kind of chromaluminosiliconizing technology of high-efficiency and economic of steel |
| CN111020474A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-17 | 武汉纺织大学 | Nondestructive wear-resistant treatment method for plasma composite infiltrated layer on surface of 45 steel |
| CN114892125A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-12 | 台州学院 | Preparation method of PN-Al composite infiltration layer on surface of 40Cr steel |
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