CN104150697A - Three-level deep rapid purification device and method for heavy metals in underground water - Google Patents
Three-level deep rapid purification device and method for heavy metals in underground water Download PDFInfo
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- CN104150697A CN104150697A CN201410359886.9A CN201410359886A CN104150697A CN 104150697 A CN104150697 A CN 104150697A CN 201410359886 A CN201410359886 A CN 201410359886A CN 104150697 A CN104150697 A CN 104150697A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-level deep rapid purification device for heavy metals in underground water. Suspended solids and colloids in underground water are removed through an advanced oxidation screening system, a three-level deep purification system is established by using a surface repair system, and a primary absorption layer is established by utilizing a large plant root system; a secondary enrichment layer is established by utilizing a red mud mesoporous molecular sieve and activated carbon; a third-level net fishing layer is established by utilizing a coal ash molecular sieve, zero-valent nano-iron and a nano aeration mechanism, heavy metals in the underground water are subjected to three-level deep purification, and the concentration content of the heavy metals is close to zero due to three-level purification. Meanwhile, according to the system, secondary pollution is avoided, fixed heavy metals in the treatment process are continuously absorbed by plants, the concentration and content of the heavy metals in the underground water can be rapidly reduced due to treatment, and the system is effective for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of combination unit of removing heavy metal in underground water, relate to particularly the combination unit of three grades of degree of depth fast purifications of a kind of underground water heavy metal.
The invention still further relates to the method for utilizing said apparatus to process heavy metal in underground water.
Background technology
Nowadays shortage of water resources and stream pollution problem are day by day serious, and do not exist only in river and lakes and marhshes etc. in the water crisis constantly worsening, do not pollute on the ground, and the crisis that groundwater pollution brings is also more and more serious.Once underground water is contaminated, want to purify, will expend plenty of time and cost, although there is the law of management surface water at present, but law and the system of management underground water are unsound, cause nowadays not taking yet the basic solution for source of pollution, underground water is still contaminated in continuation.Wherein, because underground water heavy metal is serious to harm, remove difficulty large, underground water impact of heavy metals has become the significant problem of groundwater treatment.
Conventional method is that organism heavy metal materialization complexing is fixed, heavy metal after the complexing position that not only takes up space, and easily cause soil clogging, harden, become in underground water in the critical defect processed of heavy metal, toxic metal, salts substances easily accumulate gelling simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of a kind of underground water heavy metal.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing said apparatus to carry out the purification of underground water heavy metal.
For achieving the above object, three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of underground water heavy metal provided by the invention, primary structure is:
Underground water lifting system, that inwall at a winding shaft is provided with rotatable filtering net, screen pack is provided with pin type swabbing pig, and there is small crotch at the tip that swabbing pig probes into filter mesh, by promote water pump by underground water in being promoted to advanced oxidation sieving system in winding shaft;
Advanced oxidation sieving system is divided into upper and lower two parts by porous plate, the top of porous plate is water collecting basin, in water collecting basin, be filled with the mixed fillers for sieving, mixed fillers is the mixture of quartz sand, modified manganese sand and natural zeolite molecular sieve, is embedded with the nanometer aeration head that connects nanometer aeration machine in mixed fillers; Mixed fillers top is provided with a spoiler, and the opposite side that spoiler is corresponding is provided with aeration tube, and aeration tube is provided with a plurality of pore solarization air caps, and vertically upward, a side of aeration tube is provided with ultrasonic generator to solarization air cap;
Water-in one side of advanced oxidation sieving system is provided with influent weir, and the opposite side corresponding with influent weir is provided with backflash;
The below of porous plate is provided with compact arranged cylindric dividing potential drop storehouse with partition space, prevents the excessive porous plate that breaks through of local pressure; Below, dividing potential drop storehouse is outlet sump, the outer wall of outlet sump is coated with and is brushed with lucifuge blackwash, the photocatalyst of inwall uniform loading one deck nonmetal doping, bottom is provided with ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and between ultraviolet sterilization lamp, be provided with the nanometer aeration head that connects nanometer aeration machine, outlet sump remaining space inside is filled with semi-conductor load filler;
One end of outlet sump connects a ventpipe, and this ventpipe connects the influent weir of advanced oxidation sieving system simultaneously; The water outlet of outlet sump is connected to respectively water tank and is gone out water tank water outlet by Y-tube, as the aquaporin of using that advanced oxidation sieving system is carried out to back flushing;
In advanced oxidation sieving system, water tank water outlet is connected to the water distributing pipe under the Surface absorption layer that is embedded in earth's surface repair system by ozone quenching unit, water distributing pipe is the pvc pipe of perforation, pipe is wrapped with geotextile and prevents from stopping up, and geotextile external parcel iron carbon filler, has micro-electrolytic functional;
Surface absorption layer is provided with alkaline injection device, and Surface absorption layer below is followed successively by secondary enriched layer and three grades of nets are caught layer, and Surface absorption layer is soil and the diatomaceous mixture of Fu Luoli preventing soil loss, and on Surface absorption layer, serike is to absorb heavy metal; Secondary enriched layer is mixed and forms with red mud mesopore molecular sieve by gac, and three grades of nets are caught layer and are filled with flyash molecular sieve and zeroth order Nanoscale Iron, and three grades of nets are caught and in layer, are laid with nanometer aeration head;
The surrounding injection soil compaction agent of earth's surface repair system is as watertight layer partition wall, and bottom is fine sand layer.
Described three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of underground water heavy metal, wherein, the porous plate of advanced oxidation sieving system is two-layer, middle laying fixedly one deck stainless (steel) wire.
Described three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of underground water heavy metal, wherein, outlet sump inwall equally loaded nonmetal doping photocatalyst is nano-TiO
2powder.
Described three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of underground water heavy metal, wherein, the semi-conductor load filler in outlet sump is nano-TiO
2powder loads on the filler of solid netted polypropylene surface.
Described three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of underground water heavy metal, wherein, the volume ratio 5:2:1 of quartz sand, modified manganese sand and natural zeolite molecular sieve in the mixed fillers of advanced oxidation sieving system, particle diameter is 0.5-1.2mm, nonuniformity coefficient is 2, is the multi-functional mixed fillers that integrates filtration, absorption, ion-exchange, coagulation and removal heavy metal.
Described three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of underground water heavy metal, wherein, in Surface absorption layer, the diatomaceous mixed volume ratio of soil and Fu Luoli is 2-3:1; In secondary enriched layer, the volume mixture ratio of gac and red mud mesopore molecular sieve is 2-3:1, and the particle diameter of gac is 5mm-20mm, and the particle diameter of red mud mesopore molecular sieve is 5mm-10mm; Three grades of nets are caught the volume ratio 7:1 of flyash molecular sieve and zeroth order Nanoscale Iron in layer, and the sieve particle diameter of flyash molecule is 2mm-5mm, and the particle diameter of zeroth order Nanoscale Iron is 2mm-5mm.
Described three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of underground water heavy metal, wherein, the aeration tube of advanced oxidation sieving system is connected with an aerator by under meter.
In utilization provided by the invention, device carries out the method for the purification of underground water heavy metal purification:
Open alkaline injection device injection alkaline solution, the surface soil layer pH that controls earth's surface repair system is slight alkalinity, prevents that heavy metal from separating out;
Waste water in winding shaft is removed after the suspended substance colloid in underground water by advanced oxidation sieving system, after reducing by ozone quencher the residual ozone containing in water outlet, by water distributing pipe, enter earth's surface repair system, utilize successively the plant heavy root system in Surface absorption layer to absorb heavy metal, the heavy metal of being failed to absorb completely by the absorption of secondary enriched layer enrichment, under the effect of red mud molecular sieve filling, the small molecules acid producing with anaerobic part acidifying in absorption, regulate sewage potential of hydrogen, make environment plant preferably in device, microorganism existence, build the fixedly heavy metal in sewage of slight alkali environment simultaneously, prevent its leaching, utilize small organic molecule to supply with plant nutrient, in growing process, adsorb, absorb heavy metal and carry out heavy metal biological stabilization, the heavy metal of secondary enriched layer absorption carries out metabolism by the plant in Surface absorption layer, by three grades of nets, catch layer absorption residual heavy metal on a small quantity in underground water after the two-layer processing of absorptions-enrichment again, and make three grades of nets catch heavy metal in layer to remain in ultralow concentration range, and utilize zeroth order Nanoscale Iron to be replaced, fundamentally stop heavy metal and reenter underground water, three grades of nets are caught fine and closely woven being dispersed in pending underground water of nano bubble that the interior nanometer aeration hair of laying of layer sheds simultaneously, prevent heavy metal and organic complexing, promote Zero-valent Iron to catch effect to the net of heavy metal, and promote the slowly-releasing of heavy metal in flyash molecular sieve, heavy metal after slowly-releasing is caught by zeroth order Nanoscale Iron, form colloid or microparticle precipitation, at the effect float downward of nano bubble, the heavy metal that carries barrier layer rises to Surface absorption layer and sticks to Fu Luoli diatomite and be absorbed by plants.
Described method, wherein, the Surface absorption layer serike of earth's surface repair system be cyperus alternifolius, Herba pteridis vittatae, containing tobacco and Flos Celosiae Cristatae.
Described method, wherein, the average irradiation dose of ultraviolet sterilization lamp of advanced oxidation sieving system is at 300J/m
2above.
The application removes suspended substance, colloid in underground water by advanced oxidation sieving system, in system, nano titanium dioxide crystal excites the free negative ion that has oxidizing power under ultra violet lamp as photocatalyst, simultaneously in nanometer aeration process and the energy that excites of ultrasonic wave generating process also can there is and strengthen the generation of free negative ion, reach photocatalysis effect; And free negative ion with and break away from the constraint of covalent linkage after leave room, with nano bubble surface with electric charge produce micro-electrolysis effectiveness simultaneously.The earth's surface repair system then using builds three grades of deep purifying systems, utilizes plant heavy root system to build one-level absorption layer; Utilize red mud mesopore molecular sieve, gac to build secondary enriched layer; Recycling flyash molecular sieve, zeroth order Nanoscale Iron, nanometer aeration mechanism build three grades of nets and catch layer, heavy metal in three grades of deep purifying underground water, after three grades of purifications, its heavy metal concentration content is close to zero, while device non-secondary pollution of the present invention, heavy metal fixing in treating processes is at last endlessly for plant absorbs, and after the present invention processes, underground water heavy metal concentration, content reduce comparatively fast, and permanently effective.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is three grades of degree of depth fast purification device schematic diagram of underground water heavy metal of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the device schematic diagram of the advanced oxidation sieving system that in Fig. 1, label is 5.
Primary clustering nomenclature in accompanying drawing:
1 partition wall; 2 plants; 3 alkaline injection devices; 4 ozone quenching units; 5 advanced oxidation sieving systems; 6 water distributing pipes; 7 nanometer aeration heads; 8 fine sand layers; 9 winding shafts; 10 filtering nets; 11 3 grades of nets are caught layer; 12 secondary enriched layers; 13 Surface absorption layers; 14 promote water pump; 15 pin type swabbing pigs; 16 first valves; 17 second valves; 18 topping-up pumps; 19 influent weirs; 20 spoilers; 21 mixed fillers; 22 Y-tubes; 23 aeration tubes; 24 backflashes; 25 porous plates; 26 dividing potential drop storehouses; 27 water tanks; 28 the 3rd valves; 29 the 4th valves; 30 water pumps; 31 semi-conductor load fillers; 32 ultraviolet sterilization lamps; 33 outlet sumies; 34 ventpipes; 35 ultrasonic generators; 39 nanometer aeration machines.
Embodiment
The invention discloses the combination unit of three grades of degree of depth fast purifications of a kind of underground water heavy metal, by advanced oxidation sieving system, suspended substance, colloid in underground water are removed, the earth's surface repair system then using builds three grades of deep purifying systems, utilizes plant heavy root system to build one-level absorption layer; Utilize red mud mesopore molecular sieve, gac to build secondary enriched layer; Recycling flyash molecular sieve, zeroth order Nanoscale Iron, nanometer aeration mechanism build three grades of nets and catch layer, heavy metal in three grades of deep purifying underground water, after three grades of purifications, its heavy metal concentration content is close to zero, while native system non-secondary pollution, heavy metal fixing in treating processes is at last endlessly for plant absorbs, and after the present invention processes, underground water heavy metal concentration, content reduce comparatively fast, and permanently effective.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, elaborate.It should be noted that, mention in the following description left and right, upper and lower etc. be to be all as the criterion with direction shown in the drawings.
Refer to Fig. 1, the combination unit of three grades of degree of depth fast purifications of underground water heavy metal provided by the invention, its primary structure comprises: underground water lifting system, advanced oxidation sieving system, earth's surface repair system three parts.
Wherein, the primary structure of underground water lifting system is a winding shaft 9, in winding shaft, be provided with rotatable filtering net 10, under the suction function that promotes water pump 14, underground water be promoted to sea line place, original place, in lifting process, groundwater flow filters so that next step processing through filter screen 10; For preventing that filtering net 10 from stopping up, pin type swabbing pig 15 is set especially, there is small crotch at the tip that swabbing pig probes into filter mesh, for cleaning filtering net, prevents its obstruction simultaneously.Water outlet flows in advanced oxidation sieving system 5.
Can there is complexing action in organism and heavy metal, the heavy metal after complexing is only fixed, the position that not only takes up space, and easily cause soil clogging to harden, and affect the processing of heavy metal in underground water, become fatal defects.Advanced oxidation sieving system 5 of the present invention is removed most of organism in underground water by the principle of advanced oxidation, shields its impact on heavy metal.The water outlet of processing through advanced oxidation sieving system 5, by ozone quenching unit 4, is used ozone quencher to reduce the residual ozone containing in water outlet, prevents its next step processing to exert an influence.
Advanced oxidation sieving system 5 of the present invention is divided into upper and lower two parts by porous plate 25, and porous plate 25 is comprised of sandwiched one deck stainless steel gauze in the middle of two-layer porous plate.
The top of porous plate 25 is water collecting basin, water collecting basin middle is provided with the nanometer aeration head 7 that connects nanometer aeration machine 39, nanometer aeration head 7 is the mixed fillers 21 that are filled with for sieving, this mixed fillers 21 is mixtures of choosing quartz sand, modified manganese sand and natural zeolite molecular sieve, particle diameter is 0.5-1.2mm, nonuniformity coefficient is 2, is the multi-functional mixed fillers that integrates filtration, absorption, ion-exchange, coagulation and removal heavy metal.Mixed fillers 21 tops are provided with a spoiler 20, and the opposite side of spoiler 20 correspondences is provided with aeration tube 23, and aeration tube 23 is provided with a plurality of pore solarization air caps, and solarization air cap vertically upward.One side of aeration tube 23 is provided with ultrasonic generator 35.Advanced oxidation sieving system 5 water-ins are provided with the first valve 16, the second valve 17 and topping-up pump 18.One side of advanced oxidation sieving system 5 water-ins is provided with influent weir 19, and the opposite side corresponding with influent weir 19 is provided with backflash 24.
The below of porous plate 25 is provided with compact arranged cylindric dividing potential drop storehouse 26 with partition space, prevents the excessive porous plate 25 that breaks through of local pressure.26 belows, dividing potential drop storehouse are outlet sump 33, and the outer wall of outlet sump 33 is coated with and is brushed with lucifuge blackwash, and the photocatalyst of inwall uniform loading one deck nonmetal doping is (as nano-TiO
2powder), bottom is provided with ultraviolet sterilization lamp 32, and between ultraviolet sterilization lamp 32, is provided with the nanometer aeration head 7 that connects nanometer aeration machine, and outlet sump 33 remaining space inside are filled with semi-conductor load filler (as nano-TiO
2powder loads on the filler on solid netted polypropylene).One end of outlet sump 33 connects a ventpipe 34, and this ventpipe 34 connects the influent weir 19 of advanced oxidation sieving system simultaneously.The present invention is fixed on filler on carrier, having solved conventional photocatalyst needs the collaborative drawback of using of dispersion agent, has reduced the leakage of catalyzer, has avoided reaction to finish the separating step of rear catalyst, without using dispersion agent, and reduce the leakage of catalyzer.
The water outlet of the outlet sump 33 of advanced oxidation sieving system 5 is connected to water tank 27 by Y-tube, and this Y-tube also connects the water outlet of water tank 27, as advanced oxidation sieving system 5 being carried out to the aquaporin of using of back flushing.
During normal sieving, sewage is in influent weir 19 enters advanced oxidation sieving system 5.Advanced oxidation sieving system 5 adopts ultraviolet lamp, semi-conductor load filler and nanometer aeration technology to excite in a large number hydroxyl radical free radical to carry out advanced oxidation to water outlet in sieving, and the average irradiation dose of ultraviolet sterilization lamp is at 300J/m
2above, the degree of depth is removed wherein pollution substance, kill the bacterium in sewage, pathogenic bacteria, and there is very large advantage for the processing aspect of environmental classes hormone (as micro-harmful chemicals such as hormones agricultural chemicals, microbiotic, Dioxins, oestrogenic hormon and synthetic hormones), make macromole hardly degraded organic substance be oxidized to low toxicity or nontoxic small-molecule substance, improved effluent quality, make it reach national reuse standard.Water clarity is high, water quality good for going out of processing through the present invention, and effectively prevents that food waste percolate fermentation from producing stench simultaneously, surrounding enviroment is caused to detrimentally affect, and better reached back flushing effect, has at utmost saved water resources.
In advanced oxidation sieving system 5 water collecting basins, nanometer aeration head adopts O
3aeration, because nano bubble has huge quantity, specific surface area, the characteristic such as lift velocity slowly, simultaneously gas residence time of ducking in drink long, increased gas-to-liquid contact area, duration of contact, be beneficial to ozone soluble in water, overcome the shortcoming that ozone is insoluble in water; Microbubble inside has larger pressure and nano bubble while breaking, and interface disappears, and the chemical energy that surrounding environment acutely changes generation impels and produces more hydroxyl radical free radical OH, strengthens O
3the organic ability of oxygenolysis; And Nano grade O
3bubble and ultraviolet sterilization lamp, semi-conductor load filler coexist in water collecting basin, improve advanced oxidation effect, can effectively improve OH production rate.
The water outlet of advanced oxidation sieving system 5 is connected to the water distributing pipe 6 of earth's surface repair system, and water distributing pipe 6 is a perforation pvc pipe, and pipe external parcel one deck geotextile prevents from stopping up, and geotextile external parcel one deck iron carbon filler, has micro-electrolytic functional.
The agent of earth's surface repair system surrounding injection soil compaction is as watertight layer partition wall 1, and layer of fine sand 8 is tamped in bottom.Repair system inside, earth's surface is followed successively by Surface absorption layer 13, secondary enriched layer 12 and three grades of nets from top to bottom and catches layer 11, uses between layers grid to separate, and mesh bore dia is 1mm, prevents that every layer of filler from flowing each other.Surface absorption layer 13 is filled with soil and the Fu Luoli diatomite of 0.3m, volume mixture ratio be 2-3:1 to prevent soil loss, be provided with alkaline injection device 3, to control the pH value of artificial swamp simultaneously, prevent that heavy metal from separating out, and serike 2 is to absorb heavy metal, the thick 0.6m of secondary enriched layer 12, by the gac of particle diameter 5mm-20mm and the red mud mesopore molecular sieve of 5mm-10mm, mix and form, gac and red mud mesopore molecular sieve volume mixture ratio are 2-3:1, for the heavy metal adsorbing and enrichment fails to absorb completely, the heavy metal of secondary enriched layer 12 deposits absorbs by the metabolic processes of Surface absorption layer 13 plant, the thickness that three grades of nets are caught layer 11 is 0.4m, inner flyash molecular sieve and 2mm-5mm zeroth order Nanoscale Iron of filling particle diameter 2mm-5mm, flyash molecular sieve moment absorption residual heavy metal on a small quantity in underground water after the two-layer processing of absorptions-enrichment, and make three grades of nets catch heavy metal in layer to remain in ultralow concentration range, utilize zeroth order Nanoscale Iron to be replaced simultaneously, fundamentally stop the possibility that heavy metal reenters underground water, three grades of nets are caught and in layer, are laid with nanometer aeration head, the nano bubble that nanometer aeration hair sheds has special property, under physical action, fine and closely woven is dispersed in pending underground water, can prevent heavy metal and organic complexing, promote Zero-valent Iron to catch effect to the net of heavy metal, and promote the slowly-releasing of heavy metal in flyash molecular sieve, heavy metal after slowly-releasing is caught by zeroth order Nanoscale Iron, form colloid or microparticle precipitation, effect float downward at nano bubble, the heavy metal that carries barrier layer rises to Surface absorption layer and sticks to Fu Luoli diatomite and be absorbed by plants,
Earth's surface repair system Surface absorption layer serike 2 selected cyperus alternifolius and Herba pteridis vittatae, contains tobacco, Flos Celosiae Cristatae etc., and plantation ratio, for heavy metal adjustment to be absorbed, guarantees that assimilation effect has landscape effect in the time of best.
Three grades of nets of earth's surface repair system are caught sieving pond and the interior nanometer aeration head of tank of layer and advanced oxidation sieving system, are connected respectively with a nanometer aeration machine.
According to one embodiment of present invention, heavy metal removing rate is up to 100%, and trace organic substance content reduces more than 95%, and proteinoid class material property fluorescence peak reduces more than 90%.
Advanced oxidation sieving system of the present invention adopts three grades of backwashing technologies to carry out back flushing.
One-level back flushing is aeration circulation back flushing, due to the accumulation of pollution substance at filling surface, the space that sewage is difficult to see through between filler is permeated down, in sieving process, carry out back flushing, open the topping-up pump 18 of advanced oxidation sieving system 5, aeration tube 23 intermittently starting porous plate top nanometer aeration head 7, the discontinuous work of nanometer aeration head in water collecting basin, air is upwards heaved from porous plate, be divided into small bubbles, intermittently break up the fine and close crud layer on sieving filler, pollution substance layer is broken into sheet and floats, in the buoyancy of aeration tube and water inlet, impact flow-stopping plate and under the synergy of thrust, produce impeller effect to the right, clean energetically the fine and close pollutent of filler top layer sheet, overflow is to backflash, the pollutent that filler is held back is concentrated outside remover, mix again and process with water inlet, sewage also can continue to permeate down from molecular sieve space, one-level back flushing can extend screen apparatus work-ing life and backwash cycle, for the lower situation of influent turbidity, even can, without back flushing, make device constantly move and purify waste water.
Secondary back flushing is air pulse back flushing, because turbidity of sewage is too high, causes pollution substance at the bulk deposition of filling surface, only depends on one-level backwash step still can not reach the effect that continues sieving.Close the first valve 16 and the 4th valve 29, open the 3rd valve 28 and the second valve 17, start water pump 30, aeration tube 23 and two nanometer aeration heads 9 of advanced oxidation sieving system 5, the water outlet in outlet sump 33 is imported in water collecting basin.Under the effect of pressure of return water, whole air in water collecting basin are subject to crushing failure at high speed, along pore on dividing potential drop storehouse 26, rise, whole 21 layers of strong stirring at ascending air of mixed fillers, rotational flow under the impact force action of aeration tube 23 air-flows and nanometer aeration head, pollution substance fragmentation is floated, in the buoyancy of aeration tube 23 and water inlet, impact flow-stopping plate to the right under the synergy of thrust, overflow to backflash 24 mixes with initial water inlet, treat water surface fast-descending, after filtering rate is stablized again, close the water pump 30 of advanced oxidation sieving system 5, porous plate below nanometer aeration head 7, the 3rd valve 28 and the second valve 17, open the first valve 16 and the 4th valve 29 and proceed sieving processing.
Three grades of back flushinges are the back flushing of aeration turbulent flow, and now I and II back flushing has been not enough to contaminated solution material to the covering of filler, obstructing problem, and sewage must not gather and filtered in a large number.Now close the first valve 16 and the 4th valve 29, open the 3rd valve 28 and the second valve 17, start the water pump 30, aeration tube 23 of advanced oxidation sieving system 5 and two nanometer aeration heads 7, ultrasonic generator 43, water outlet in outlet sump is imported in water collecting basin in a large number.(1) water collecting basin inner air rises and stirs along porous plate pore, and mixed fillers 21 bottom nanometer aeration heads start aeration, and mixed fillers 21 top turbines constantly rotate; (2) utilize the collaborative cleaning of nanometer aeration techno-shock, oxidation, air supporting and high temperature action, top filler presents turbulence state, carry out random high-speed motion state, mixed fillers 21 phase mutual friction under the surging force of current vortex and the shear action of bubble, the organic pollutant adhering on mixed fillers 21 can be removed, and obtains comparatively pure filler; (3) utilize ultrasonic generator in liquid medium, to produce ultrasonic wave, on mixed fillers 21 surfaces, produce cavitation effect, the shockwave forming when cavitation steam bubble breaks in closing course, can produce the surge pressure of thousands of air pressure around at it, act on viscosity between mixed fillers 21 surface upper destruction dirts, and they are dispersed in backwash liquor rapidly, thereby reach the effect of filling surface cleaning.(4) after air emptying, the water outlet of outlet sump continues to import, the water outlet of being rich in hydroxy radical qiao rinse turbulence state mixed fillers 21 particle surfaces and micropore, peel off pollution substance, mixed fillers 21 is regenerated.And pollution substance under water flow impact pressure and the 23 air supporting effects of right side aeration tube constantly to floating up to the water surface, from left end influent weir 19 and right-hand member backflow concentrated flow 24, go out with initial water inlet to mix.Through three grades of back flushinges, internal contamination thing is cleaned totally emptying.The aeration tube of advanced oxidation sieving system is connected with an aerator by under meter.
During the back flushing of advanced oxidation sieving system, the air inlet of nanometer aeration head is O
2, for coagulation, stir and clean filler; The tank nanometer aeration head air inlet of advanced oxidation sieving system is O
3, by nanometer aeration, strengthen the production process of hydroxyl radical free radical.
Conventional sand filtration is not disturbance layer of sand in filtration procedure, and current are flow through between sand fine gap.Conventionally adopt not disturbance layer of sand, on compacting filler, increase hydraulic pressure, sand, add the means such as grid and improve sand filtration process, allow current flow through between sand fine gap, and pollution substance rests on the top layer of layer of sand.The present invention utilizes disturbance filler top layer, prevent smooth the pass through formation resistance of pollution substance accumulation to current, utilize the means modifying devices such as the surging force of advanced oxidation, nanometer aeration, bubble and shearing force simultaneously, utilize the fillers such as molecular sieve, manganese sand to be optimized design, finally use the improvement treating processess such as three grades of back flushinges.The present invention is good to the rejection effect of the suspended substances such as colloid, fiber, algae, for the lower water quality of turbidity even without back flushing, can complete treating processes, there is removal stink simultaneously, kill the microorganisms such as bacterium, pathogenic bacteria, the effect of the biodegradable organic compoundses such as a small amount of residual surfactant of decomposition difficult degradation, polychlorobiphenyl.
The nano-TiO of carbon doping of the present invention
2the preparation of powder:
Adopt sluggish precipitation and hydrothermal method two step processes to prepare the nano-TiO of carbon doping
2.Take titanium sulfate and urea as forerunner, glucose is carbon source, concrete preparation process is as follows: get 6.48g27 titanium sulfate and 3.24g54 urea (mol ratio of titanium sulfate and urea is 1:2) and be dissolved in deionized water, then add appropriate glucose 0.6 to stir, under the condition of 90 ℃, react 2h.Question response finishes rear taking-up reactants dry, is repeatedly washed to neutrality, again dry, obtains the nano-TiO of carbon doping with ball mill grinding
2powder.
Nano-TiO
2powder loads on the method on filler:
Adopt the tridimensional network filler of polypropylene material, by nano-TiO
2powder mixes with deionized water (powder is 1:20 with the mass ratio of water), with ultrasonic echography, become emulsion, clean tridimensional network filler is immersed and the ethanol titanate coupling agent that 1:1 mixes by volume, slowly stir for some time, then filler is taken out and puts into TiO
2in emulsion, continue to stir for some time, after taking-up, put into baking oven dry (85 ℃ following) 2h, make loaded with nano TiO
2polypropylene suspension filler, its outward appearance is faint yellow, rete is more even.
Claims (10)
1. three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of underground water heavy metal, primary structure is:
Underground water lifting system, that inwall at a winding shaft is provided with rotatable filtering net, filtering net is provided with pin type swabbing pig, and there is small crotch at the tip that swabbing pig probes into filter mesh, by promote water pump by underground water in being promoted to advanced oxidation sieving system in winding shaft;
Advanced oxidation sieving system is divided into upper and lower two parts by porous plate, the top of porous plate is water collecting basin, in water collecting basin, be filled with the mixed fillers for sieving, mixed fillers is the mixture of quartz sand, modified manganese sand and natural zeolite molecular sieve, is embedded with the nanometer aeration head that connects nanometer aeration machine in mixed fillers; Mixed fillers top is provided with a spoiler, and the opposite side that spoiler is corresponding is provided with aeration tube, and aeration tube is provided with a plurality of pore solarization air caps, and vertically upward, a side of aeration tube is provided with ultrasonic generator to solarization air cap;
Water-in one side of advanced oxidation sieving system is provided with influent weir, and the opposite side corresponding with influent weir is provided with backflash;
The below of porous plate is provided with compact arranged cylindric dividing potential drop storehouse with partition space, prevents the excessive porous plate that breaks through of local pressure; Below, dividing potential drop storehouse is outlet sump, the outer wall of outlet sump is coated with and is brushed with lucifuge blackwash, the photocatalyst of inwall uniform loading one deck nonmetal doping, bottom is provided with ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and between ultraviolet sterilization lamp, be provided with the nanometer aeration head that connects nanometer aeration machine, outlet sump remaining space inside is filled with semi-conductor load filler;
One end of outlet sump connects a ventpipe, and this ventpipe connects the influent weir of advanced oxidation sieving system simultaneously; The water outlet of outlet sump is connected to respectively water tank and is gone out water tank water outlet by Y-tube, as the aquaporin of using that advanced oxidation sieving system is carried out to back flushing;
In advanced oxidation sieving system, water tank water outlet is connected to the water distributing pipe under the Surface absorption layer that is embedded in earth's surface repair system by ozone quenching unit, water distributing pipe is the pvc pipe of perforation, pipe is wrapped with geotextile and prevents from stopping up, and geotextile external parcel iron carbon filler, has micro-electrolytic functional;
Surface absorption layer is provided with alkaline injection device, and Surface absorption layer below is followed successively by secondary enriched layer and three grades of nets are caught layer, and Surface absorption layer is soil and the diatomaceous mixture of Fu Luoli preventing soil loss, and on Surface absorption layer, serike is to absorb heavy metal; Secondary enriched layer is mixed and forms with red mud mesopore molecular sieve by gac, and three grades of nets are caught layer and are filled with flyash molecular sieve and zeroth order Nanoscale Iron, and three grades of nets are caught and in layer, are laid with nanometer aeration head;
The surrounding injection soil compaction agent of earth's surface repair system is as watertight layer partition wall, and bottom is fine sand layer.
2. three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of underground water heavy metal according to claim 1, wherein, the porous plate of advanced oxidation sieving system is two-layer, middle laying and fixing one deck stainless (steel) wire.
3. three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of underground water heavy metal according to claim 1, wherein, outlet sump inwall equally loaded nonmetal doping photocatalyst is nano-TiO
2powder.
4. three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of underground water heavy metal according to claim 1, wherein, the semi-conductor load filler in outlet sump is nano-TiO
2powder loads on the filler of solid netted polypropylene surface.
5. three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of underground water heavy metal according to claim 1, wherein, the volume ratio 5:2:1 of quartz sand, modified manganese sand and natural zeolite molecular sieve in the mixed fillers of advanced oxidation sieving system, particle diameter is 0.5-1.2mm, nonuniformity coefficient is 2, is the multi-functional mixed fillers that integrates filtration, absorption, ion-exchange, coagulation and removal heavy metal.
6. three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of underground water heavy metal according to claim 1, wherein, in Surface absorption layer, the diatomaceous mixed volume ratio of soil and Fu Luoli is 2-3:1; In secondary enriched layer, the volume mixture ratio of gac and red mud mesopore molecular sieve is 2-3:1, and the particle diameter of gac is 5mm-20mm, and the particle diameter of red mud mesopore molecular sieve is 5mm-10mm; It is 7:1 that three grades of nets are caught the volume ratio of flyash molecular sieve and zeroth order Nanoscale Iron in layer, and the sieve particle diameter of flyash molecule is 2mm-5mm, and the particle diameter of zeroth order Nanoscale Iron is 2mm-5mm.
7. according to three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of underground water heavy metal claimed in claim 1, wherein, the aeration tube of advanced oxidation sieving system is connected with an aerator by under meter.
8. utilize the method that three grades of degree of depth fast purification devices of underground water heavy metal purify described in claim 1:
Open alkaline injection device injection alkaline solution, the surface soil layer pH that controls earth's surface repair system is slight alkalinity, prevents that heavy metal from separating out;
Waste water in winding shaft is removed after the suspended substance colloid in underground water by advanced oxidation sieving system, after reducing by ozone quencher the residual ozone containing in water outlet, by water distributing pipe, enter earth's surface repair system, utilize successively the plant heavy root system in Surface absorption layer to absorb heavy metal, the heavy metal of being failed to absorb completely by the absorption of secondary enriched layer enrichment, under the effect of red mud molecular sieve filling, the small molecules acid producing with anaerobic part acidifying in absorption, regulate sewage potential of hydrogen, make environment plant preferably in device, microorganism existence, build the fixedly heavy metal in sewage of slight alkali environment simultaneously, prevent its leaching, utilize small organic molecule to supply with plant nutrient, in growing process, adsorb, absorb heavy metal and carry out heavy metal biological stabilization, the heavy metal of secondary enriched layer absorption carries out metabolism by the plant in Surface absorption layer, by three grades of nets, catch layer absorption residual heavy metal on a small quantity in underground water after the two-layer processing of absorptions-enrichment again, and make three grades of nets catch heavy metal in layer to remain in ultralow concentration range, and utilize zeroth order Nanoscale Iron to be replaced grid-connected catching, fundamentally stop heavy metal and reenter underground water, three grades of nets are caught fine and closely woven being dispersed in pending underground water of nano bubble that the interior nanometer aeration hair of laying of layer sheds simultaneously, prevent heavy metal and organic complexing, promote Zero-valent Iron to catch effect to the net of heavy metal, and promote the slowly-releasing of heavy metal in flyash molecular sieve, heavy metal after slowly-releasing is caught by zeroth order Nanoscale Iron, form colloid or microparticle precipitation, at the effect float downward of nano bubble, the heavy metal that carries barrier layer rises to Surface absorption layer and sticks to Fu Luoli diatomite and be absorbed by plants.
9. method according to claim 8, wherein, the Surface absorption layer serike of earth's surface repair system be cyperus alternifolius, Herba pteridis vittatae, containing tobacco and Flos Celosiae Cristatae.
10. method according to claim 8, wherein, the average irradiation dose of ultraviolet sterilization lamp of advanced oxidation sieving system is at 300J/m
2above.
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