CN107098476B - Anti-clogging artificial wetland system applied to domestic sewage and low-pollution water - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is an anti-clogging constructed wetland system applied to domestic sewage and low-pollution water, including a water distribution tank, a treatment device, a rotating device and a water outlet pool, the treatment device is closely arranged between the water distribution tank and the water outlet pool, and the sewage enters The water distribution tank enters the treatment device after physical precipitation. After the pollutants in the treatment device are adsorbed by fillers, degraded by microorganisms and absorbed by plants, the purified water enters the effluent pool for discharge and utilization. The treatment device is linked with the rotating device. The rotating device Drive the treatment device to rotate around the central axis to prevent blocking and dredging, and the sewage passes through the water distribution tank, the treatment device and the water outlet in sequence. Advantages: A more environmentally friendly comprehensive wetland treatment system, which can effectively prevent and treat wetland blockage, has a simple structure, is convenient to use, and is easy to produce, install, and upgrade.

Description

An anti-clogging constructed wetland system applied to domestic sewage and low-pollution water

technical field

The invention relates to an anti-clogging constructed wetland system applied to domestic sewage and low-pollution water.

Background technique

Constructed wetland is a kind of sewage treatment system with high environmental value designed artificially. It is mainly composed of fillers, plants and microorganisms. It has the advantages of ecology, landscape, low cost, and no secondary pollution. Due to the large population in my country and the large amount of sewage produced, it is of great significance to reduce the cost of sewage treatment. At the same time, for the effluent of the sewage treatment plant, using the wetland system for advanced treatment is conducive to reducing the pollution load of the river and helping the natural restoration of the river.

However, since the constructed wetland mainly relies on the microbial film growing on the filler and the continuous reproduction and metabolism of plant rhizomes to treat sewage, it will inevitably produce some metabolites, rotten plant roots, and large particles in the original sewage that have not been metabolized in time. Organic matter and suspended matter that cannot be metabolized cause the pores of the filler to be continuously blocked. This seriously affects the wastewater treatment efficiency of the wetland and shortens the operating time of the wetland.

Existing technologies for wetland clogging generally fall into two directions. One is to improve the wetland structure and operation mode, such as "A Device for Extending the Service Life of Composite Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands" (ZL201320304263.2). Or the improvement of a single processing unit of the constructed wetland, such as "An Anti-clogging Method for Constructed Wetland" (ZL200910199880.9) improves the pretreatment unit, "A New Type of Wetland Perforated Water Distribution Pipe" (ZL201420238845.X) for water distribution wall cloth Water pipes have been optimized. These technologies belong to the technologies of preventing and delaying the occurrence of clogging, and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of clogging.

Another type of technology is to clear the blockage after the wetland blockage occurs. The existing technologies for dealing with wetland blockages mainly focus on: laying out a backwash water network or alternately entering and leaving the water direction to flush the blockage out of the wetland system, such as "A Device for Extending the Service Life of Composite Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands" (ZL201320304263. 2). Arrange aeration pipe network for aeration to promote the oxidative decomposition of blockages by microorganisms, such as "Quasi-subsurface Aerated Constructed Wetland" (ZL200910222207.2). Utilize ultrasonic waves for dredging, such as "An Ultrasonic Blocking Device and Application for Constructed Wetlands" (ZL201410131261.7). These methods often require complex piping networks and expensive equipment. The blockage contains a part of degradable pollutants, and because the blockage generally occurs in the upper layer of the wetland where the water comes in, it also has a large residual pollutant-holding capacity for the wetland.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention proposes an anti-clogging constructed wetland system applied to domestic sewage and low-pollution water. And deal with wet blockage, simple structure, easy to use and easy to produce installation and upgrade replacement.

The technical solution of the present invention: an anti-clogging constructed wetland system applied to domestic sewage and low-pollution water, including a water distribution tank, a treatment device, a rotating device and a water outlet pool, and the treatment device is closely arranged in the middle of the water distribution pool and the water outlet pool The sewage enters the water distribution tank and enters the treatment device after physical precipitation. After the pollutants in the treatment device are adsorbed by filler, microbial degradation and absorbed by plants, the purified water enters the water outlet for discharge and utilization. The treatment device is linked with the rotating device , The rotating device drives the treatment device to rotate around the central axis to prevent blocking and dredging, and the sewage passes through the water distribution tank, the treatment device and the water outlet in turn.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1) The processing device in the system is connected with the rotating device, and the processing device is driven by the rotating device to rotate around the axis, making full use of the dirt-holding capacity of the packing, which can prolong the decomposition time of pollutants and discharge metabolites and difficult-to-use substances out of the device to avoid blockage;

2) The system is equipped with a water distribution tank, which is lowered before the sewage enters the treatment device to remove part of the large particulate matter in the incoming water, which plays a preventive role;

3) The system is equipped with an outlet pool, and the refractory substances are brought out by the purified water and settle in the outlet pool, which can effectively reduce the amount brought into the river;

4) The whole processing device in the system is made of environment-friendly lightweight plastic, with a simple structure, which can be mass-produced. The filler in the processing device is also made of lightweight porous materials, and the whole processing device can be easily replaced, upgraded, taken out and regenerated;

5) There is a separator in the treatment device in the system, which can effectively increase the hydraulic retention time of sewage, so that the pollutants can be treated anaerobic alternately in the treatment device, so that the pollutants can be fully degraded and absorbed;

6) The treatment in the system is effective enough to intercept pollution, and plants are planted on the upper layer of the filler to enhance the treatment effect;

7) There are no complicated pipelines and expensive equipment in the system, only a simple mechanical rotating device is used to drive the processing device to rotate under the action of a small amount of electricity or the manpower of the wetland management personnel.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is an A-A sectional view of the system.

Figure 2 is a top view of the system.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the system processing device.

FIG. 4 is a layout diagram of the system.

In the figure: 1 is the water distribution tank, 2 is the treatment device, 3 is the water outlet, 4 is the rotating device, 5 is the water inlet, 6 is the water distribution tank body, 7 is the water distribution hole, 8 is the opening, 9 is the filler, 10 is soil matrix, 11 is wetland plants, 12 is clapboard, 13 is treatment device housing, 14 is fixed tooth, 15 is outlet hole, 16 is drain outlet, 17 is outlet pool body, and 18 is shaft.

Detailed ways

An anti-clogging constructed wetland system applied to domestic sewage and low-pollution water, including a water distribution tank, a treatment device, a rotating device and a water outlet pool, the treatment device is closely arranged between the water distribution pool and the water outlet pool, and the sewage enters the water distribution pool through the After physical precipitation, it enters the treatment device. After the pollutants in the treatment device are adsorbed by fillers, degraded by microorganisms and absorbed by plants, the purified water enters the effluent pool for discharge and utilization. The treatment device is linked with the rotating device, and the rotating device drives the treatment device. It rotates around the central axis to prevent blocking and dredging, and the sewage passes through the water distribution tank, the treatment device and the water outlet in turn.

The pool body of the water distribution pool is provided with a water inlet and a water distribution hole.

The processing device is provided with a plurality of partitions intersecting the central axis of the device, the number of which is determined by the water quality and water quantity, the partitions are fixed on the processing device housing, the upper end of the partition is parallel to the upper edge of the processing device housing, and the lower end of the partition is There is no contact with the bottom of the device, and there is a distance left. The treatment device is filled with lightweight porous fillers. The particle size and number of layers of the filler can be selected according to the treatment requirements to allow microorganisms to attach and retain pollutants; the top end is filled with soil matrix Planting plants, using plants to remove nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the water, there are fixed teeth at the outer bottom of the treatment device, which are used to fix the treatment device and the rotating transposition. When receiving incoming water, the rotation period should be determined according to the operation of the wetland. After each rotation, the load of the treatment space that does not directly receive incoming water is relatively small, and the pollutants are fully absorbed and degraded. Impurities that cannot be absorbed and degraded will be taken out of the treatment device by the water flow to avoid blockage; the treatment device shell is provided with openings, and the bottom is provided with fixed teeth to connect and fix with the rotating device. The treatment device shell is a cylindrical structure, using environmentally friendly light quality plastic.

A water outlet hole and a water outlet are arranged on the pool body of the water outlet pool.

The water distribution pool body is a concrete brick structure, and the side of the water distribution pool in contact with the treatment device is an arc-shaped wall, the arc-shaped wall and the treatment device are closely attached, the arc-shaped wall is provided with water distribution holes, and the back wall is provided with an inlet. The water inlet, the water inlet is slightly higher than the water distribution hole.

The separator divides the columnar treatment device into several treatment spaces. Each treatment space is provided with openings on the shell of the treatment device. The density of the openings is determined by the water quality and quantity. The height, shape, size and arrangement are the same as the water distribution holes of the water distribution pool and the water outlet holes of the water outlet pool and correspond one-to-one; the water outlet holes and the water distribution holes of the water distribution pool have the same height.

The rotating device is used for the processing device to rotate around the central axis, one processing space is rotated each time, so that the next adjacent processing space can receive incoming water, and the rotation period should be determined according to the operation of the wetland.

The sewage enters the purification device after sedimentation in the distribution tank, is purified by the action of microorganisms and absorbed by plants, and is discharged from the water outlet. The baffle divides the treatment device into multiple treatment spaces. The underutilized treatment space in the treatment device directly receives sewage, uses the remaining sewage capacity of the filler, and the part with higher load gets a "rest" to fully degrade the large particulate matter, and the material that cannot be degraded in the final treatment space will be carried by the water. out, no blockage is formed.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, an anti-clogging constructed wetland system construction technology involved in this wetland construction technology includes a water distribution tank 1, a treatment device 2, a water outlet tank 3, and a rotating device 4. The processing device 2 is in the shape of a barrel column, and is closely arranged between the water distribution tank 1 and the water outlet tank 3 , and is connected and fixed with the rotating device 4 through the fixing teeth 14 .

The pool body 6 of the water distribution tank is of a concrete brick structure, and the side in contact with the treatment device 2 is an arc-shaped structure that is convenient to fit. The sewage enters the water distribution tank 1 through the water inlet 5, and then flows out through the water distribution hole 7 and enters the treatment device 2 for purification treatment after the large suspended solids are removed by physical sedimentation. The water inlet 5 should be slightly higher than the water distribution hole 7.

As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , and FIG. 3 , the casing 13 of the processing device is made of environment-friendly light-weight plastic, and environment-friendly PVC can be selected. The processing device 2 is provided with a plurality of partitions 12 intersecting with the central axis of the device, the material is the same as that of the processing device housing 13, and the columnar processing device 2 is divided into several processing spaces. Two partitions 12 can be used, intersecting at 90°, resulting in 4 treatment spaces. The specific setting method should be determined according to the quality and quantity of the treated water. The baffle 12 is fixed on the processing device casing 13 , the upper end of the baffle 12 is parallel to the upper edge of the processing device casing 13 , the lower end of the baffle 12 does not contact the bottom of the processing device casing 13 , and a certain distance is left to facilitate water passing.

The treatment device 2 is filled with fillers 9, and the particle size of the fillers and the number of filling layers can be selected according to the treatment requirements. The fillers 9 can make microorganisms attach and grow biofilms, and can effectively intercept pollutants in water. The filler 9 is a lightweight porous filler, and the entire processing device 2 is made of lightweight plastic, so that the entire processing device 2 is easy to produce, install, maintain, replace, upgrade, and regenerate. Above the filler 9 is a soil matrix 10 for growing wetland plants 11 .

Each treatment space isolated by the partition plate 12 is provided with a plurality of openings 8 corresponding to the treatment device housing 13 , and the specific opening density should be determined according to the quality and quantity of the treated water. The openings 8 in each processing space are the same in height, size, shape and arrangement as the water distribution holes 7 and the water outlet holes 15 and correspond one-to-one. The incoming water enters the treatment device 2 from the opening 8 in the treatment space connected with the water distribution tank 1, flows in a "U" shape under the throttling of the baffle 12, and flows out from the opening 8 in the treatment space connected with the outlet tank 3 processing device 2. This setting method can prolong the hydraulic retention time, so that the pollutants can be fully decomposed and absorbed under the action of anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms.

The treatment device 2 rotates around the rotating shaft 18 driven by the rotating device 4, and rotates one treatment space at a time, so that the adjacent treatment spaces can receive incoming water, make full use of the dirt-holding capacity of the filler, increase the pollutant decomposition time, and reduce the probability of blockage. Unusable impurities and microbial metabolites in the processing space adjacent to the water outlet 3 will be flushed out by the water through the opening 8 . The rotation period should be comprehensively considered based on the water quality and the wetland condition.

The water outlet pool body 17 is of a concrete brick structure, and the side in contact with the treatment device 2 is an arc-shaped structure that is convenient to fit. The purified water enters the water outlet pool through the water outlet hole 15, and is discharged from the water outlet 16 after sedimentation.

The processing system can be installed in series or in parallel as shown in Figure 4.

Example

The raw sewage water is divided into five first-level wetland systems arranged in parallel and parallel after being diverted by pipelines. Each first-level wetland system is connected with a second-level wetland system in series. After being treated by the first-level wetland system, the sewage flows into the second-level wetland system for secondary treatment. .

The radius of the cylindrical treatment device in the first-level wetland system is 5m, the height is 2m, and the shell is made of environment-friendly PVC material. The processing device is provided with two partitions intersecting at 90° on the central axis of the processing device. The baffle is fixed on the inner wall of the device. The treatment device was filled with lightweight porous fillers with a diameter of 40 mm. The upper end of the filler is covered with 30cm thick soil as a growth substrate for plants. Plants are selected as canna, jailihua, barracuda, yellow iris, and reed bamboo, which are staggered and planted in the soil. In each processing space, there are 15 40cm square openings 25cm away from the top, lined up in a row to distribute water evenly. The fixed teeth at the bottom of the processing device are fixed with the rotating device for the rotation of the processing device, and the rotating shaft is the central axis of the processing device. The processing device rotates 90° each time, and each rotation needs to be based on the operation of the wetland. The distribution pool and the outlet pool are made of concrete and brick. The volume and shape of the two pools are the same. The farthest wall of the pool is 8m away from the central axis of the treatment device, and the nearest wall is 3.8m away from the central axis of the treatment device. The contact with the treatment device is an arc-shaped wall. In addition, the pool can be regarded as a cuboid. The width of the pool is 10m with the diameter of the treatment device, and the height of the pool and the treatment device is 2m. There are 15 40cm square holes on the curved wall of the two pools, which correspond to the treatment devices one-to-one, which are the water distribution holes and the water outlet holes. There is a water inlet on the wall farthest from the distribution tank from the treatment device, the diameter of the orifice is 400mm, and the center of the circle is 30cm away from the upper edge of the distribution tank. There is a drain on the wall farthest from the water outlet from the treatment device, the diameter of the orifice is 400mm, and the center of the circle is 60cm from the upper edge of the water distribution tank.

The secondary wetland system has less impurities in the incoming water and a long rotation period, so the radius of the cylindrical treatment device is set to 8m and the height is 2m to increase the hydraulic retention time. The farthest wall of the distribution pool and the outlet pool is 11m away from the center axis of the treatment device, and the nearest wall is 6m away from the center axis of the treatment device. The rest of the unmentioned settings are the same as the first-class wetlands.

Claims (7)

1. an anti-clogging constructed wetland system that is applied to domestic sewage and low-pollution water, is characterized in that, comprises water distribution tank, treatment device, rotating device and water outlet pool, and described treatment device is closely arranged in the middle of water distribution pool and water outlet pool The sewage enters the water distribution tank and enters the treatment device after physical precipitation. After the pollutants in the treatment device are adsorbed by filler, microbial degradation and absorbed by plants, the purified water enters the water outlet for discharge and utilization. The treatment device is linked with the rotating device , the rotating device drives the treatment device to rotate around the central axis to prevent blocking and dredging, and the sewage passes through the water distribution tank, the treatment device, and the water outlet in sequence; The treatment device is provided with a plurality of partitions intersecting the central axis of the device, the number of which is determined by the water quality and quantity. The bottom is not in contact, and there is a distance left. The processing device is filled with lightweight porous fillers. The particle size and number of layers of the filler can be selected according to the processing requirements to allow microorganisms to attach and retain pollutants; the top end is filled with soil matrix to grow plants , Use plants to remove nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water. There are fixed teeth at the outer bottom of the treatment device, which are used to fix the treatment device and the rotating transposition. When the system is running, the treatment device is rotated every period of time to receive the next treatment space. Water, the rotation period should be determined according to the operation of the wetland. After each rotation, the load of the treatment space that does not directly receive the incoming water is relatively small, and the pollutants are fully absorbed and degraded. The absorbed and degraded impurities will be taken out of the treatment device by the water flow to avoid blockage; the treatment device shell is provided with openings, and the bottom is provided with fixed teeth to be connected and fixed with the rotating device. The treatment device shell is a cylindrical structure, using environmentally friendly lightweight plastic . 2 . The anti-clogging constructed wetland system applied to domestic sewage and low-pollution water according to claim 1 , wherein the pool body of the water distribution pool is provided with a water inlet and a water distribution hole. 3 . 3 . The anti-clogging constructed wetland system applied to domestic sewage and low-pollution water according to claim 1 , wherein the pool body of the water outlet pool is provided with a water outlet hole and a water outlet. 4 . 4. an anti-clogging constructed wetland system applied to domestic sewage and low-pollution water according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the pool body of the water distribution pool is a concrete brick structure, and the contact surface of the water distribution pool and the treatment device is an arc wall , The curved wall is closely fitted with the processing device, the curved wall is provided with a water distribution hole, and the back wall is provided with a water inlet, which is slightly higher than the water distribution hole. 5. The anti-clogging constructed wetland system applied to domestic sewage and low-pollution water according to claim 1, wherein the clapboard divides the columnar treatment device into several treatment spaces, and each treatment space corresponds to a treatment device There are openings on the shell, and the opening density is determined by the water quality and quantity. The openings of each treatment space of the treatment device, the water distribution holes of the water distribution tank and the water outlet holes of the water outlet are in height, shape, size and arrangement. The methods are the same and correspond one-to-one; the water outlet holes and the water distribution holes of the water distribution pool have the same height. 6. An anti-clogging constructed wetland system applied to domestic sewage and low-pollution water according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotating device is used for the processing device to rotate around the central axis, and one processing space is rotated at a time to make the phase The next adjacent treatment space receives incoming water, and the rotation period should be determined according to the operation of the wetland. 7. a kind of anti-clogging constructed wetland system applied to domestic sewage and low-pollution water according to claim 1, is characterized in that, sewage enters purifying device after sedimentation in water distribution tank, and is purified through microbial action and plant absorption, from The effluent pool is discharged, and the partition plate divides the treatment device into multiple treatment spaces. The rotating device is used to make the treatment device rotate around the rotating shaft, so that the underutilized treatment space in the treatment device can directly receive sewage, and the remaining sewage capacity of the filler is used. The higher part is "rested" to fully degrade the large particle material, and the material that cannot be degraded in the final treatment space will be carried out by water without forming a blockage.

Images