CN104230096B - A device and method for purifying organic wastewater by nano-aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for nanometer aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis purification of organic waste water, primarily of nanometer micro cell, aerobic biofilm reactor, nanometer aeration cohesion-micro swirl flocculation plant and three grades of recoil screen apparatus compositions.The invention also discloses the method utilizing said apparatus to carry out sewage disposal.The present invention have applied widely, speed of reaction is fast, technical process is simple, long service life, investment cost are few, convenient operating maintenance, running cost are low, treatment effect is stable, effluent quality transparency is high.

Description

A device and method for purifying organic wastewater by nano-aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis

technical field

The invention relates to a process for improving the biodegradability of sewage and performing advanced treatment on it, and more specifically relates to a device for purifying refractory organic waste water by nano-aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis.

The invention also relates to a method for treating refractory organic wastewater by using the above-mentioned device.

Background technique

Due to biodegradation, organic wastewater will make the receiving water anoxic or even anaerobic, and most aquatic organisms will die, resulting in stench, deteriorating water quality and environment. The second is sensory pollution: organic wastewater not only makes the water lose its use value, but also seriously affects the normal life of people near the water. The third is toxicity hazards: ultra-organic wastewater contains a large amount of toxic organic substances, which will continue to accumulate and store in natural environments such as water bodies and soils, and finally enter the human body, endangering human health.

The treatment of high-concentration refractory organic wastewater is a difficult problem in the treatment of organic wastewater. The so-called high difficulty means that the COD reaches 2000mg/L or more, and the refractory means that the biochemical properties of the wastewater are low, that is, the BOD/COD value is lower than 0.3- 0.5, hardly biodegradable. Once the two properties of high concentration and refractory degradation are superimposed, conventional methods such as biological methods or physical and chemical methods have little effect. Therefore, researching new treatment methods to improve treatment effects and reduce treatment costs is the key to solving this type of wastewater pollution. The invention adopts the nano-micro electrolytic cell to improve the biodegradability of waste water, and then utilizes the aerobic biofilm reactor to reduce the content of organic matter, and uses the nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device and the three-stage recoil sieving device to purify again to improve the effluent Water quality, the treatment effect is better than the prior art, and the removal rate of organic matter in organic sewage with B/C lower than 0.2 is as high as 100%.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a device for purifying organic wastewater by nano-aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating refractory organic wastewater using the above device.

In order to achieve the above object, the device for purifying organic wastewater by nano-aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis provided by the present invention mainly consists of a nano-micro-electrolysis cell, an aerobic biofilm reactor, a nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device and a three-stage recoil The screening device consists of:

There is a mud discharge hole at the bottom of the nano-micro electrolytic cell, and an agitator is arranged above the mud discharge hole, and a nano aeration plate is arranged above the agitator to form an aeration section; a steel mesh is arranged above the aeration section, and the steel mesh is filled with iron The carbon filler forms the micro-electrolysis section; above the micro-electrolysis section is the water outlet section, and the supernatant is exported to the aerobic biofilm reactor;

There is a sludge outlet at the bottom of the aerobic biofilm reactor, and a nano-aeration tray is arranged above the sludge outlet inside the aerobic biofilm reactor, and a mixer is arranged above the nano-aeration tray, and the aerobic bioreactor is filled with fillers; The effluent from the aerobic biofilm reactor is introduced into the nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device;

The bottom of the nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device is equipped with a screw mud feeder and a mud outlet. The side of the nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device connected to the outlet of the three-stage biofilm reactor is the main reaction area. To complete the nano-floatation-coagulation process, the adjacent main reaction area is the floc interception area, and the adjacent floc interception area is the floc secondary interception area; the main reaction area is equipped with a micro-vortex coagulator, and the main reaction area is There is a nano aeration head with _O2 on the top, and a dosing device for adding coagulant is installed on the top of the main reaction area; in the floc interception area, an inclined tube for floc interception and sedimentation is laid; the floc secondary interception area The interior is filled with polypropylene three-dimensional network structure packing, and a nanometer aeration head is laid under the three-dimensional network structure packing, and a water outlet is set at the bottom of the secondary interception area of flocs, and the water outlet is connected to a three-stage recoil screening device through a hydraulic pump. the water inlet;

There is a water inlet weir at the water inlet of the three-stage recoil screening device pool, and a return flow tank is provided at the water outlet. The interior of the three-stage recoil screening device is divided into two parts: the upper sump and the lower part of the diversion chamber by the porous grid. One part, the shunt chamber is a closely arranged cylindrical shape; a nanometer aeration head is placed in the center above the porous grid, buried in the filled sieve packing, and a baffle plate is arranged above the sieve packing near the inlet weir, close to the One side of the reflux tank is provided with an aeration pipe leading to _O2 . The aeration pipe is provided with a plurality of fine aeration holes, and the aeration holes are vertically upward. The sieve packing is equipped with an ultrasonic generator; Water tank, the outer wall of the water storage tank is painted with light-proof black paint, and its inner wall is evenly loaded with a layer of non-metallic doped photocatalyst. The bottom of the tank is equipped with ultraviolet sterilization lamps, and an aeration with O ₃ is installed between the sterilization lamps. Nano-aeration head, the remaining space in the water storage tank is filled with semiconductor-loaded filler; the effluent from the three-stage recoil screening device is directly introduced into the effluent pool.

The nano-aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis device for purifying organic wastewater, wherein, in the iron-carbon filler used in the nano-micro electrolysis cell, the mass ratio of iron to carbon is 2:3-1:1, and the pH is 2.5-4.5.

The device for purifying organic wastewater by nano-aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, wherein the filler in the aerobic biofilm reactor is nano-scale carbon fiber filler or composite filler, which is arranged in the form of up and down in the aerobic biofilm reactor ; A thick biofilm is formed on the surface of the filler, and three reaction zones of aerobic, facultative anaerobic and anaerobic are formed on the section from the outside to the inside.

The device for purifying organic wastewater by nano-aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, wherein a temperature controller is installed on one side of the aerobic biofilm reactor, and the temperature controller is connected to and controls the sensor installed inside the aerobic biofilm reactor. Temperature-controlled head and heating belt.

The nano-aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis device for purifying organic wastewater, wherein the sieve filler in the three-stage recoil sieving device is mixed with quartz sand, modified manganese sand and natural zeolite molecular sieve, with a particle size of 0.5-1.2mm , the non-uniformity coefficient is 2.

The device for purifying organic wastewater by nano-aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, wherein, the nano-micro-electrolysis cell, the nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device and the sieve filter tank of the three-stage recoil screening device and the nano-aeration tank in the sump The air heads are respectively connected with a nanometer aerator.

The device for purifying organic wastewater by nano-aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, wherein, the nano-aeration head air intake is O ₂ is used for coagulation, stirring and cleaning of fillers; the intake air of the water storage tank of the three-stage backwashing and screening device and the submerged hollow fiber membrane nano-aeration head is O ₃ , which strengthens the generation process of hydroxyl radicals through nano-aeration .

The method provided by the present invention utilizes the above-mentioned device for purifying organic wastewater by nano-aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis to carry out sewage treatment:

The sewage passes through the iron-carbon filler in the nano-micro electrolytic cell, which can effectively remove the refractory organic matter in the wastewater, and further improve the biodegradability of the wastewater; the supernatant treated by the nano-micro electrolytic cell is pumped to the aerobic biofilm reactor In the aerobic biofilm reactor, a large amount of degradable organic matter is removed, and a large amount of ammonia nitrogen that is easy to cause sewage toxicity and eutrophication in the sewage is removed. The effluent of the aerobic biofilm reactor is introduced into the nano-aeration condensation - After nano-floatation-coagulation treatment in the main reaction zone of the micro-vortex flocculation device, coagulation-flocculation is carried out again in the micro-vortex coagulator, and then flows to the floc interception area by itself, and the floc sinks to the The bottom of the reactor is regularly discharged from the mud outlet under the drive of the screw conveyor, and the clarified liquid overflows to the secondary interception area of the flocs, and is intercepted for the second time under the action of the three-dimensional network structure filler, and the filtered clear liquid It is discharged from the water outlet into the three-stage recoil screening device;

In the three-stage backwashing and filtering device, the nano-aeration head in the water storage tank works discontinuously, and the air bulges upwards from the porous grid and is divided into small air bubbles, which intermittently wash away the dense dirt layer on the sieve packing, and the pollutants The layer is broken into flakes and floats, and under the synergistic effect of the buoyancy of the aeration tube and the rightward thrust of the incoming water impact baffle, it overflows to the backflow tank, so that the pollutants trapped by the sieve packing are excluded from the device and separated from the incoming water. Water mixing and reprocessing to prolong the service life and backwashing cycle of the three-stage backwashing and filtering device;

The nano-aeration head in the water storage tank adopts O ₃ aeration. Since the nano-bubbles have the characteristics of a large number, specific surface area, and slow rising speed, and the bubbles stay in the water for a long time, the gas-liquid contact area and contact time are increased. It is conducive to the dissolution of ozone in water, overcoming the disadvantage of ozone being difficult to dissolve in water; there is a large pressure inside the microbubbles and the interface disappears when the nanobubbles break, and the chemical energy generated by the drastic changes in the surrounding environment promotes the production of more hydroxyl radicals OH , enhance the ability of O ₃ to oxidize and decompose organic matter; and nano-level O ₃ bubbles coexist with ultraviolet sterilization lamps and semiconductor-loaded fillers in the water storage tank to improve the advanced oxidation effect and effectively increase the OH generation rate. After three-stage recoil sieving The sewage that meets the standard after treatment by the device enters the effluent pool.

The method, wherein, in the nano-micro electrolytic cell, the nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device and the sieve filter tank and the sump tank of the three-stage recoil screening device, the nano-aeration head is connected to a nano-aerator respectively .

The method, wherein the nano-aeration head intake air is _O2 during the backwashing of the nano-micro electrolytic cell, the nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device, and the three-stage recoil screening device, which is used for coagulation, stirring and cleaning Filler; the water storage tank of the three-stage backwashing and filtering device and the submerged hollow fiber membrane nano-aeration head are supplied with O ₃ , and the generation process of hydroxyl radicals is strengthened through nano-aeration.

The invention uses the nano-aeration and micro-electrolysis technology to pretreat the sewage with low biodegradability and improve the biodegradability of the waste water. Technically, a high-efficiency nano-aeration device is used for aeration, so that the filler in the tank does not need to be "activated" frequently, avoiding the phenomenon of compaction and clogging of the filler, which not only improves the processing efficiency, reduces the processing time, but also prolongs the service life of the filler, making the operation The quality is stable and reliable. The nano-micro electrolytic cell is filled with a high-efficiency iron-carbon filler prepared from industrially discarded iron filings, which can effectively remove refractory organic matter in wastewater and further improve the biodegradability of wastewater. Ideologically implemented the treatment policy of "treating waste with waste", while treating sewage, it also achieved "reduction" of solid waste. In the aerobic biofilm reactor, carbon fiber ecological grass is used as filler, and the adsorption and filtration characteristics of the biofilm microbial colloidal structure on the surface of the filler are used to accumulate a large amount of pollutants, and then under the action of microorganisms, the adsorbed pollutants will be absorbed degradation.

The present invention adopts nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device and three-stage recoil screening device for advanced treatment. Nano-titanium dioxide crystals in the three-stage recoil screening device are used as photocatalysts to excite free negative ions with great oxidative power under the irradiation of ultraviolet lamps. At the same time, the energy excited during the nano-aeration process and the ultrasonic generation process can also occur and strengthen the generation of free negative ions to achieve a photocatalytic effect; while the free negative ions and their release from the covalent bond leave vacancies, and the nanobubble surface The charged charge also produces a micro-electrolysis effect, which eliminates the toxicity of the water treated in the first two steps, kills the pathogenic microorganisms in it, and degrades the long-chain polycyclic aromatic organic compounds and trace residues in it. This process has the advantages of wide application range, fast reaction rate, simple process flow, long service life, low investment cost, convenient operation and maintenance, low operating cost, and stable treatment effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for purifying organic wastewater by nano-aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis of the present invention. Explanation of main component symbols in the attached drawings:

1 nanometer micro-electrolytic cell; 2 iron-carbon filler; 3 temperature controller; 4 heating belt; 5 temperature probe; 6 aerobic biofilm reactor; 7 filler; Gas head; 10 dosing device; 11 floc interception area; 12 inclined tube; 13 nanometer aeration coagulation-micro vortex flocculation device; 14 floc secondary interception area; 15 three-dimensional network structure packing; 16 first valve; 17 The second valve; 18 booster pump; 19 water inlet weir; 20 baffle; 21 mixed packing; 22 three-stage recoil screening device; 23 aeration pipe; 27 outlet pool; 28 third valve; 29 first gate valve; 30 second gate valve; 31 semiconductor load filler; 32 ultraviolet sterilization lamp; 33 sump; 34 ventilation pipe; 35 water outlet; 38 micro vortex coagulator; 39 nanometer aerator; 40 mud discharge hole; 41 nanometer aeration disc; 42 mixer; 43 ultrasonic generator.

Detailed ways

The device for purifying refractory organic wastewater by nano-aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis provided by the invention can efficiently improve the biodegradability of sewage and perform advanced treatment on it.

Please refer to Fig. 1, the nano-aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolytic purification device of organic wastewater provided by the present invention, its main structure comprises:

The bottom of the nano-micro electrolytic cell 1 is provided with a mud discharge hole 40, an agitator 42 is arranged above the mud discharge hole 40, and a nano aeration plate 41 is arranged above the agitator 42 to form an aeration section; a steel mesh is arranged above the aeration section The upper part of the steel mesh is filled with iron-carbon filler 2 to form a micro-electrolysis section; the upper part of the micro-electrolysis section is a water outlet section, and the supernatant is exported to the aerobic biofilm reactor 6 through the overflow weir of the water outlet section.

The iron-carbon filler used in the nano-aeration nano-micro electrolytic cell of the present invention is a known product (the present invention adopts a product purchased from Weifang Puyin Worun Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd.), which is iron-carbon prepared from industrially discarded iron filings As filler, nano-bubbles are used to improve the activity of nano-micro electrolytic cells, and molecular sieves prepared from solid waste fly ash are also used as carriers in biofilters. While treating sewage, it has also achieved the "reduction" of solid waste.

The new ecological ferrous ions produced by the anode reaction have a strong reducing ability, which can reduce some organic substances, and can also make the double bonds of some unsaturated groups (such as carboxyl COOH, azo-N=N-) Open to decompose some refractory cyclic and long-chain organic substances into easily biodegradable small molecular organic substances to improve biodegradability. In addition, divalent and trivalent iron ions are good flocculants. Adjusting the pH of sewage can make iron ions turn into hydroxide flocculent precipitation, absorbing suspended or colloidal tiny particles and organic polymers in sewage, and at the same time Remove some organic pollutants to purify the sewage. The cathode reaction produces a large amount of new ecological [H] and [O]. Under acidic conditions, these active components can undergo redox reactions with many components in sewage, causing organic macromolecules to undergo chain scission and degradation, thereby eliminating Improve the chromaticity of organic sewage and improve the biodegradability of sewage. It can be used as a pretreatment process of biological treatment, which is beneficial to the sedimentation of sludge and biofilm formation.

The use of nano-aeration catalytic nano-micro-electrolysis cells always maintains high activity during long-term operation, and does not require frequent "activation", and the operating quality is stable and reliable. It solves the problems of "scarring", "passivation" and "dead bed" of traditional iron beds. The aerated iron-carbon micro-electrolysis process is more suitable for the pretreatment of organic wastewater. This method has the advantages of wide application range, good treatment effect, low cost, convenient operation and maintenance, and no need to consume power resources. The process used in the treatment of organic sewage can not only greatly reduce COD and color, but also greatly improve the biodegradability of wastewater.

The bottom of the aerobic biofilm reactor 6 is provided with a mud discharge hole 40, and the inside of the aerobic biofilm reactor 6 is provided with a nano aeration plate 41 above the mud discharge port 40, and a mixer 42 is arranged above the nano aeration plate 41. The aerobic biological Reactor 6 is filled with filler 7, which uses nano-scale carbon fiber filler or combined filler to form a thick biofilm on the surface of the filler, and forms aerobic and facultative anaerobic conditions on the section of the biofilm from the outside to the inside and anaerobic reaction zones. Filler 7 is arranged up and down in the aerobic biofilm reactor 6 .

One side of the aerobic biofilm reactor 6 is provided with a heating belt 4 and a temperature-sensing probe 5 , and the heating belt 4 and the temperature-sensing probe 5 are respectively connected to a temperature controller 3 arranged outside the anaerobic biofilm reactor 6 . The nano-aeration disc 41 is connected with a nano-aerator 39 to remove a large amount of degradable organic matter in the aerobic biofilm reactor 6, and remove a large amount of ammonia nitrogen that easily causes sewage toxicity and eutrophication in the sewage. The effluent from the biofilm reactor 6 is directly introduced into the nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device 13 .

The nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device 13 is divided into three parts: left, middle and right (according to the direction shown in the drawing), and a screw conveyor 37 is arranged at the bottom. The left side of the nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device 13 (i.e. connected to one end of the aerobic biofilm reactor 6) is the main reaction zone 8, which is used to complete the nano-flotation-coagulation process. The center is the floc interception zone 11, and the right side is the Floc secondary interception zone 14. Micro vortex coagulator 38 is filled in the main reaction zone 8, and there is a nano aeration head 9 above the inside of the main reaction zone 8, and the nano aeration head 9 is fixed with plexiglass; there is a dosing device 10 at the top of the main reaction zone 8 for Add a coagulant, which is polyaluminum chloride (PAC) + cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM). The floc interception area 11 located in the middle section is laid with inclined pipes 12 for floc interception and sedimentation; the floc secondary interception area 14 located in the right section is filled with polypropylene three-dimensional network structure packing 15, three-dimensional network structure packing A nanometer aeration head 9A is laid below 15, and a water outlet 35 is set at the bottom of the packing 15 with a three-dimensional network structure, and a three-stage backwashing and filtering device 22 is connected to and rotated through a hydraulic pump.

In the nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device, the present invention uses nano-aeration technology to improve the coagulation process of the coagulation process, which is mainly divided into three steps:

(A) Air flotation process in the early stage of micro-nano aeration: During the mass transfer process of micro-nano bubbles, the fine pollutant particles in the sewage are captured on the surface of the bubbles or adhere to the bubbles, and drive the fine pollutant particles to float up during the rising process of the bubbles To the surface of the water body, air flotation is achieved to separate clear water from suspended particles and colloids;

(B) Micro-nano aeration medium-term dosing coagulation process: using the strong impact force of the micro-nano bubble generation process, the relative motion of the gas-liquid two-phase during the floating process, and the local high-temperature and high-pressure state and blasting force generated when the bubble explodes, the When the sewage is thermally compensated, strong stirring is applied to quickly disperse the coagulant to all parts of the water body to be treated, so that the coagulant and sewage can be quickly and evenly mixed, and the colloidal blocks that wrap the coagulant are broken up to improve the degree of dispersion. , to promote colloidal collision and coagulation into flocs.

When the coagulant is wrapped to form flocs, the floc growth quality is higher under nano-aeration, and the overgrown flocs will be broken into smaller flocs under the action of nano-aeration to restore and maintain the flocculation ability (Too large flocs will reduce the total surface area and reduce the adsorption capacity). The flocs with low density will be broken and re-flocculated into flocs with high density under the shear force of nano-aeration, which is conducive to sedimentation. separate.

(C) Thermal fracture process in the later stage of micro-nano aeration: use the high-temperature and high-pressure state generated by the micro-nano aeration process and locally generated when the bubbles explode to realize the fracture of the weak point of the floc, and then re-impact and absorb the colloids and suspended solids in the sewage. Form more stable flocs.

(D) In order to allow the formed flocs to better adsorb and destabilize the colloid and grow the flocculation process, the present invention uses a micro-vortex coagulator at the same time, and the micro-vortex flow formed by the vortex reactor can effectively promote the diffusion of particles in water and collision. On the one hand, the hydrolyzed colloids formed by the coagulant diffuse rapidly under the action of the micro-eddy current and fully collide with the colloids in the water, so that the colloids in the water are quickly destabilized; on the other hand, the destabilized colloids in the water have more collision opportunities under the action of the micro-eddy current It has higher coagulation efficiency.

After the sewage is treated with nano-floatation-coagulation in the main reaction zone of the nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device, it is coagulated-flocculated again in the micro-vortex coagulator, and then flows to the intermediate floc interception area by itself. The interception effect sinks to the bottom of the reactor, and is regularly discharged from the mud outlet under the drive of the screw conveyor, and the speed of the screw conveyor is controlled not to exceed 30r/min; the clarified liquid overflows to the right floc for secondary interception In the zone, secondary interception is carried out under the action of high-density three-dimensional network structure filler, and the filtered clear liquid is discharged from the water outlet. The filler in the secondary interception area is cleaned regularly, and the nano-aeration head at the bottom of the filler is turned on at the same time during cleaning, and the nano-aeration technology is used for shock, oxidation, air flotation and high-temperature cleaning. The effluent is introduced into the three-stage recoil screening device through the hydraulic pump.

The water inlet of the three-stage recoil screening device 22 is provided with a water inlet weir 19, and the water outlet is provided with a reflux tank 24. The inside of the three-stage recoil screening device 22 is divided into an upper pool and a lower pool by a porous grid 25. The sump 33 has two parts. The sump inside the three-stage recoil screening device 22 is connected to the two parts of the pool with a vent pipe 34 leading to the atmosphere, so as to prevent the internal pressure of the three-stage recoil screening device from being too high to cause the device to rupture or even explode.

The porous grid 25 has two layers, and a layer of stainless steel mesh is laid and fixed in the middle. Closely arranged cylindrical shunt chambers 26 are arranged below the porous grid 25 to divide the space, preventing excessive local pressure from breaking through the porous grid 25. A nanometer aeration head 9B is placed in the center above the porous grid 25 and buried in the filled sieve packing 21. The sieve packing 21 is a mixture of quartz sand, modified manganese sand and natural zeolite molecular sieve, and the volume mixing ratio is 9:3. : 1, the particle size is generally 0.5-1.2mm, and the non-uniformity coefficient is 2. It is a multifunctional mixed filler integrating filtration, adsorption, ion exchange, coagulation and removal of heavy metals. The nano aeration head 9B is connected with an aerator through a flow meter. The filter packing 21 is provided with a baffle plate 20 near the water inlet weir 19, and an aeration pipe 23 is provided on the side near the return tank 24. . An ultrasonic generator 43 is installed in the sieve packing 21 . The bottom of the distribution chamber 26 is a sump, the outer wall of the sump is painted with a light-shielding black paint, and its inner wall evenly supports a layer of non-metal-doped photocatalyst (such as carbon-doped nano TiO ₂ powder), and its bottom is equipped with an ultraviolet light. Sterilizing lamps 32, and between the ultraviolet sterilizing lamps 32 are provided with O ₃ aeration nano-aeration heads 9C, and the remaining space in the sump is filled with semiconductor-loaded fillers 31 (such as loaded nano-TiO ₂ three-dimensional mesh polypropylene Filler), without the use of dispersant, and reduce the loss of catalyst.

Sewage enters from the inlet weir of the three-stage recoil screening device. Under the action of the physical structure of the inlet weir, it is guided from the horizontal direction to the vertical upward, and hits the baffle plate under the action of gravity to prevent the water flow from directly hitting the screen. The filter filler affects the treatment effect; the sewage is filtered by the filter filler and flows to the lower sump. The air intake of the nano-aeration head in the sump is O ₃ , and a large amount of hydroxyl radicals are obtained through nano-aeration, and the ultraviolet sterilizing lamp, The semiconductor-loaded fillers together improve the advanced oxidation effect, and at the same time, the effluent rich in hydroxyl radicals flushes the sieve fillers when the device is backwashed, so that the fillers are cleaned and regenerated better.

When using the three-stage recoil filter device, the nano-aeration head in the sump works discontinuously, and the air bulges upwards from the porous grid and is divided into small air bubbles, which intermittently wash away the dense dirt layer on the filter packing to prevent pollution. The material layer is broken into flakes and floats up. Under the synergistic effect of the buoyancy of the aeration tube and the rightward thrust of the incoming water impact baffle, it overflows to the return flow tank, so that the pollutants trapped by the filler are discharged outside the device and separated from the incoming water. Mix and reprocess. Extend the service life of the screening device and the backwash cycle. For the case of low influent turbidity, it can even run continuously to purify sewage without backwashing.

The nano-aeration head in the sump 33 adopts _O3 aeration. Since the nano-bubbles have characteristics such as a large number, specific surface area, and slow rising speed, and the bubbles stay in the water for a long time, the gas-liquid contact area and contact time are increased. It is conducive to the dissolution of ozone in water, overcoming the disadvantage of ozone being difficult to dissolve in water; there is a large pressure inside the microbubbles and the interface disappears when the nanobubbles break, and the chemical energy generated by the drastic changes in the surrounding environment promotes the production of more hydroxyl radicals OH , enhance the ability of O ₃ to oxidize and decompose organic matter; and nano-level O ₃ bubbles coexist with ultraviolet sterilization lamps and semiconductor-loaded fillers in the sump to improve the advanced oxidation effect and effectively increase the OH generation rate.

The effluent from the three-stage backwashing and filtering device 22 is directly introduced into the effluent pool 27 .

In the device of the present invention, the nanometer aeration head is connected with a nanometer aerator respectively in the sieve filter tank and the sump of the nanometer micro electrolysis tank, the nanometer aeration coagulation-micro vortex flocculation device and the three-stage recoil screening device . Among them, the nano-micro-electrolysis tank, nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device, and the three-stage recoil screening device have _O2 as the air intake of the nano-aeration head during backwashing, which is used for coagulation, stirring and cleaning of the filler; the three-stage recoil The air intake of the aeration head of the water collection tank of the screening device and the submerged hollow fiber membrane nano-aeration head is O ₃ , and the generation process of hydroxyl radicals is strengthened through nano-aeration.

The invention uses the nano-aeration and micro-electrolysis technology to pretreat the sewage with low biodegradability and improve the biodegradability of the waste water. Technically, a high-efficiency nano-aeration device is used for aeration, so that the filler in the tank does not need to be "activated" frequently, avoiding the phenomenon of compaction and clogging of the filler, which not only improves the processing efficiency, reduces the processing time, but also prolongs the service life of the filler, making the operation The quality is stable and reliable. The nano-micro electrolytic cell is filled with a high-efficiency iron-carbon filler prepared from industrially discarded iron filings, which can effectively remove refractory organic matter in wastewater and further improve the biodegradability of wastewater. Ideologically implemented the treatment policy of "treating waste with waste", while treating sewage, it also achieved "reduction" of solid waste. In the aerobic biofilm reactor, carbon fiber ecological grass is used as filler, and the adsorption and filtration characteristics of the biofilm microbial colloidal structure on the surface of the filler are used to accumulate a large amount of pollutants, and then under the action of microorganisms, the adsorbed pollutants will be absorbed degradation.

Finally, the specially designed nano-aeration coagulation-micro-vortex flocculation device and three-stage recoil screening device are used for advanced treatment to eliminate the toxicity of the effluent from the first two steps, kill the pathogenic microorganisms in it, and degrade the long-chain polycyclic aromatics in it. Organoids and trace residues. This process has the advantages of wide application range, fast reaction rate, simple process flow, long service life, low investment cost, convenient operation and maintenance, low operating cost, and stable treatment effect.

When the three-stage recoil screening device 22 is normally screened, the sewage enters from the inlet weir, and under the action of the physical structure of the inlet weir, it is guided from the horizontal direction to the vertical upward, and hits the baffle plate under the action of gravity. In order to prevent the water flow from directly hitting the filler and affect the treatment effect; the sewage is filtered by the filler and flows to the lower sump. The air intake of the nano-aeration head in the sump is O ₃ , and a large amount of hydroxyl radicals are obtained through nano-aeration, which is sterilized with ultraviolet rays. Lamps and semiconductor-loaded fillers together improve the advanced oxidation effect. At the same time, the effluent rich in hydroxyl radicals flushes the sieve fillers when the device is backwashed, so that the fillers are cleaned and regenerated better.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the proteinaceous substances in the sewage treated by the present invention are reduced by more than 95%, the content of humic substances is reduced by 99%, and the effluent water quality has high transparency.

The present invention adopts three-stage backwashing technology to carry out backwashing:

The first-stage backwash is an aeration cycle backwash. Due to the accumulation of pollutants on the surface of the filler, it is difficult for the sewage to penetrate through the gaps between the fillers. Backwashing is performed during the screening process, and the third-stage backwash screening device is opened 22 The booster pump 18 and the aeration pipe 23 in the upper left corner intermittently open the nano-aeration head 9B above the porous plate. The nano-aeration head in the sump works discontinuously. Sieve the dense dirt layer on the filler, and the pollutant layer is broken into flakes and floated up. Under the synergy of the buoyancy of the aeration tube and the rightward thrust of the water impact baffle, a wave wheel effect is produced, and the surface layer of the filler is vigorously cleaned. The dense pollutants overflow to the backflow tank, so that the pollutants trapped by the packing are excluded from the device, mixed with the influent water for retreatment, and the sewage can continue to permeate through the gaps of the molecular sieve; the first-stage backwash can prolong the service life of the screening device And the backwash cycle, for the case of low influent turbidity, even without backwash, so that the device can continue to operate to purify sewage.

The second-stage backwash is an air pulse backwash. Due to the high turbidity of the sewage, a large amount of pollutants accumulate on the surface of the filler. The effect of continuous screening cannot be achieved only by the first-stage backwash step. Close the first valve 16 and the first gate valve 29, open the third valve 28 and the second valve 17, start the booster pump 18 in the lower right corner of the three-stage backwashing and filtering device 22, the aeration pipe 23 and two nano aerator heads 9B\9C, import the effluent from the effluent pool into the sump. Under the action of the return water pressure, all the air in the sump is squeezed rapidly and rises along the fine holes on the partial pressure chamber. The whole filter packing layer is strongly stirred by the rising air, the airflow of the aeration tube and the nano-aeration head Under the action of the impact force, the rotating flow causes the pollutants to break and float. Under the synergistic effect of the buoyancy of the aeration tube and the rightward thrust of the incoming water impact baffle, it overflows to the backflow tank and mixes with the initial incoming water. After the water level drops rapidly, After the filtration rate is re-stabilized, close the booster pump 18 in the lower right corner of the three-stage recoil screening device 22, the nano aeration head 9C under the perforated plate, the third valve 28, and the second valve 17, and open the first valve 16 and the first gate valve 29. Continue the sieving treatment.

The third-stage backwashing is aeration turbulent backwashing. At this time, the first and second-stage backwashing are not enough to solve the problem of covering and blocking the filler by pollutants, and a large amount of sewage cannot be filtered. At this time, close the first valve 16 and the first gate valve 29, open the third valve 28 and the second valve 17, and start the booster pump 18 in the lower right corner of the three-stage backwashing and filtering device 22, the aeration pipe 23 and two nano-aerators Head 9B\9C, ultrasonic generator 43, a large amount of water in the outlet pool is imported in the sump. ⑴The air in the sump rises and stirs along the pores of the porous plate, the nano-aeration head at the bottom of the filler starts to aerate, and the turbine above the filler keeps rotating; In the state of turbulent flow and irregular high-speed movement, the fillers rub against each other under the impact of the vortex of the water flow and the shear force of the air bubbles, and the organic pollutants attached to the fillers can be removed to obtain relatively pure fillers; Ultrasonic waves are generated in the liquid medium, and cavitation effects are generated on the surface of the sieve packing. The shock wave formed when the cavitation bubbles burst during the closing process will generate thousands of air pressure impact pressures around it, acting on the surface of the packing to destroy the dirt. The viscosity between the materials, and make them quickly dispersed in the backwash solution, so as to achieve the effect of cleaning the surface of the filler. ⑷After the air is exhausted, the effluent from the effluent tank continues to be introduced, and the effluent rich in hydroxyl radicals washes the surface and micropores of the filler particles in the turbulent state, strips off the pollutants, and the filler is regenerated. (5) The pollutants float upwards to the water surface continuously under the impact force of the water flow and the air flotation of the right aeration tube, and flow out from the left inlet weir and the right return trough to mix with the initial inlet water. After three-stage backwashing, the internal pollutants are cleaned and emptied.

Conventional sand filtration does not disturb the sand layer during the filtration process, allowing water to flow through the small gaps in the sand. Usually, the sand filtration process is improved by means of not disturbing the sand layer, compacting the filler, increasing the water pressure, and adding grids on the sand, so that the water flows through the small gaps in the sand, while the pollutants stay on the surface of the sand layer. The present invention utilizes the surface layer of disturbing filler to prevent the accumulation of pollutants from forming resistance to the smooth passage of water flow, and at the same time utilizes advanced oxidation, nano-aeration, impact force and shear force of air bubbles to improve the device, and uses fillers such as molecular sieve and manganese sand Optimize the design, and finally use three-stage backwashing to improve the treatment process. The device has a good interception effect on suspended solids such as colloids, fibers, algae, etc. For water with low turbidity, the treatment process can be completed even without backwashing. At the same time, it can remove odors, kill bacteria, pathogenic bacteria, etc. The efficacy of a small amount of residual surfactants, polychlorinated biphenyls and other refractory organic compounds.

The preparation of carbon-doped nano-TiO ₂ powder in the present invention: the carbon-doped nano-TiO ₂ is prepared by a two-step process of a uniform precipitation method and a hydrothermal method. With titanium sulfate and urea as the precursor, glucose as the carbon source, the specific preparation process is as follows: take 6.48g27 titanium sulfate and 3.24g54 urea (the molar ratio of titanium sulfate and urea is 1:2) dissolved in deionized water, and then add an appropriate amount of Glucose 0.6 was stirred evenly, and 1:2:0.023 was reacted at 90°C for 2 hours. After the reaction is finished, the reactant is taken out and dried, washed repeatedly with water until neutral, dried again, and ground with a ball mill to obtain carbon-doped nano-TiO2 powder.

Nano- _TiO2 powder of the present invention is loaded on the filler method: adopt the three-dimensional network structure filler of polypropylene material, nano- _TiO2 powder is mixed with deionized water (the mass ratio of powder body and water is 1:20) , use ultrasound to form an emulsion, immerse the clean three-dimensional network structure filler into the titanate coupling agent mixed with ethanol 1:1, stir slowly for a period of time, then take out the filler and put it into the TiO ₂ emulsion to continue Stir for a period of time, take it out and put it in an oven to dry (below 85°C) for 2 hours, that is, the polypropylene suspension filler loaded with nano TiO ₂ is obtained, its appearance is light yellow, and the film layer is relatively uniform.

Claims (10)

1. a device for nanometer aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis purification of organic waste water, primarily of nanometer micro cell, aerobic biofilm reactor, nanometer aeration cohesion-micro swirl flocculation plant and three grades of recoil screen apparatus compositions, wherein:

The bottom of nanometer micro cell is provided with mudhole, is provided with agitator above mudhole, is provided with nanometer aeration dish and forms aeration section above agitator; Be provided with a steel mesh above aeration section, be filled with iron carbon filler above steel mesh and form light electrolysis section; Be water exit end above light electrolysis section, supernatant liquor exports to aerobic biofilm reactor;

Offer mud discharging mouth bottom aerobic biofilm reactor, aerobic biofilm reactor inside is positioned at above mud discharging mouth and is provided with nanometer aeration dish, arranges stirrer, be filled with filler in aerobe reactor above nanometer aeration dish; The water outlet of aerobic biofilm reactor imports in nanometer aeration cohesion-micro swirl flocculation plant;

Spiral conveyer and mud mouth is provided with bottom nanometer aeration cohesion-micro swirl flocculation plant, the side that nanometer aeration cohesion-micro swirl flocculation plant connects aerobic biofilm reactor water outlet is main reaction region, for completing nanometer air supporting-agglomeration process, adjacent main reaction zone is flco Engagement Area, adjacent flco Engagement Area be flco secondary Engagement Area; Be provided with micro swirl coagulator in main reaction region, main reaction region inner upper passes into O ₂nanometer aeration head, top, main reaction region is provided with the chemicals dosing plant adding coagulating agent; The inclined tube for flco interception precipitation is equipped with in flco Engagement Area; Flco secondary Engagement Area inside is filled with polyacrylic tridimensional network filler, a nanometer aeration head is laid below tridimensional network filler, be provided with water outlet bottom flco secondary Engagement Area, water outlet connects the water-in of three grades of recoil screen apparatus by hydro-pump;

The water inlet in three grades of recoil screen apparatus ponds is provided with an influent weir, and water outlet is provided with backflash, and three grades of recoil screen apparatus inside are divided into the water collecting basin on top and flow-dividing bin two parts of bottom by perforated grill, and flow-dividing bin is compact arranged cylindrical shape; Perforated grill top center lays a nanometer aeration head, is embedded in the sieving filler of filling, is provided with a spoiler above sieving filler near influent weir place, is provided with one passes into O near the side of backflash ₂aeration tube, aeration tube is provided with multiple pore solarization air cap, and vertically upward, sieving filler is provided with ultrasonic generator to solarization air cap; The below of flow-dividing bin is water tank, water tank outer wall brushing lucifuge blackwash, and the photocatalyst of its inwall uniform loading one deck nonmetal doping, is provided with ultraviolet sterilization lamp bottom it, and is provided with between sterilizing lamp and passes into O ₃aeration nanometer aeration head, in water tank, remaining space is filled with semi-conductor load filler; The water outlet of three grades of recoil screen apparatus directly imports outlet sump.

2. the device of nanometer aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis purification of organic waste water according to claim 1, wherein, in the iron carbon filler adopted in nanometer micro cell, iron carbon mass ratio is 2:3-1:1, pH is 2.5-4.5.

3. the device of nanometer aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis purification of organic waste water according to claim 1, wherein, the filler in aerobic biofilm reactor is nano-scale carbon cellulose fiber filler or combined stuffing, the setting in upper and lower form in aerobic biofilm reactor; The surface of filler forms thick and heavy microbial film, on its section by outer and in define aerobic, amphimicrobian and anaerobism three kinds of reaction zones.

4. the device of nanometer aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis purification of organic waste water according to claim 1, wherein, the side of aerobic biofilm reactor is provided with temperature controller, controls by this temperature controller the temperature-sensitive control head and the heating zone that are placed in aerobic biofilm reactor inside.

5. the device of nanometer aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis purification of organic waste water according to claim 1, wherein, three grades recoil screen apparatus in quartz sand chosen by sieving filler, modified manganese sand mixes with natural zeolite molecular sieve, particle diameter is 0.5-1.2mm, and nonuniformity coefficient is 2.

6. the device of nanometer aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis purification of organic waste water according to claim 1, wherein, the sieving filler of nanometer micro cell, nanometer aeration cohesion-micro swirl flocculation plant and three grades of recoil screen apparatus is connected with a nanometer aeration machine respectively with the nanometer aeration head in water collecting basin.

7. the device of nanometer aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis purification of organic waste water according to claim 1, wherein, during the back flushing of nanometer micro cell, nanometer aeration cohesion-micro swirl flocculation plant, three grades of recoil screen apparatus, the air inlet of nanometer aeration head is O ₂, stir and clean filler for coagulation; The tank air inlet of three grades of recoil screen apparatus is O ₃, by the production process of nanometer aeration strengthening hydroxyl radical free radical.

8. utilize the device of nanometer aeration iron-carbon micro-electrolysis purification of organic waste water described in claim 1 to carry out the method for sewage disposal:

Sewage, by the iron carbon filler in nanometer micro cell, effectively can be removed the hardly degraded organic substance in waste water, and further increase the biodegradability of waste water, supernatant liquor through the process of nanometer micro cell is evacuated in aerobic biofilm reactor, a large amount of labile organic compound removed wherein in aerobic biofilm reactor, and a large amount of removal in sewage easily causes sewage toxicity, make the ammonia nitrogen of sewage eutrophication, after the water outlet of aerobic biofilm reactor is directed into and carries out nanometer air supporting-agglomeration process in the main reaction region in nanometer aeration cohesion-micro swirl flocculation plant, again condense in micro swirl coagulator-flocculate, then from flowing to flco Engagement Area, flco sinks down into reactor bottom at the interception function of inclined tube, timing is regularly discharged from mud mouth under the drive of spiral conveyer, clear liquor overflow is to flco secondary Engagement Area, secondary interception is carried out under the effect of tridimensional network filler, clear liquid after filtration is discharged from water outlet and is entered three grades of recoil screen apparatus,

In three grades of recoil screen apparatus, the discontinuous work of nanometer aeration head in water tank, air is upwards heaved from perforated grill, be divided into small bubbles, interval breaks up the fine and close crud layer on sieving filler, fine and close crud layer is broken into sheet and floats, under the buoyancy of aeration tube and water inlet impact the synergy of spoiler thrust to the right, overflow is to backflash, the pollutent that sieving filler is retained is concentrated outside remover, mix with water inlet and again process, to extend three grades of recoil screen apparatus work-ing lifes and backwash cycle;

Nanometer aeration head in water tank adopts O ₃aeration, due to Nano grade O ₃bubble has huge quantity, specific surface area, slowly lift velocity characteristic, and gas residence time of ducking in drink is long simultaneously, adds gas liquid interfacial area, duration of contact, is beneficial to ozone soluble in water, overcome the shortcoming that ozone is insoluble in water; Nano grade O ₃bubble inside there is larger pressure and nano bubble breaks time interface disappear, the chemical energy that surrounding environment acutely changes generation impels and produces more hydroxyl radical free radical OH, strengthens O ₃the organic ability of oxygenolysis; And Nano grade O ₃bubble and ultraviolet sterilization lamp, semi-conductor load filler coexist in water tank, improve advanced oxidation effect, can effectively improve OH production rate, and after the process of three grades of recoil screen apparatus, sewage up to standard enters outlet sump; The part effluent recycling of three grades of recoil screen apparatus is to nanometer micro cell simultaneously, and regulating water quality also forms advanced oxidation function simultaneously, avoids the passivation of micro cell to scab while entering organic matter of water is cleared up in pre-treatment.

9. method according to claim 8, wherein, in nanometer micro cell, nanometer aeration cohesion-micro swirl flocculation plant and three grades of recoil sieving ponds of screen apparatus and water collecting basin, nanometer aeration head is connected with a nanometer aeration machine respectively.

10. method according to claim 8 or claim 9, wherein, during the back flushing of nanometer micro cell, nanometer aeration cohesion-micro swirl flocculation plant, three grades of recoil screen apparatus, the air inlet of nanometer aeration head is O ₂, stir and clean filler for coagulation; Nanometer aeration head and the air inlet of submerged hollow fiber membrane nanometer aeration head of the tank of three grades of recoil screen apparatus are O ₃, by the production process of nanometer aeration strengthening hydroxyl radical free radical.