CN104145805A - Method for enabling sexual corns to generate dominant and recessive apomictic hybrids - Google Patents
Method for enabling sexual corns to generate dominant and recessive apomictic hybrids Download PDFInfo
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- CN104145805A CN104145805A CN201410333735.6A CN201410333735A CN104145805A CN 104145805 A CN104145805 A CN 104145805A CN 201410333735 A CN201410333735 A CN 201410333735A CN 104145805 A CN104145805 A CN 104145805A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for enabling sexual corns to generate dominant and recessive apomictic hybrids. Red spike-stalk self-fruited 4317 facultative apomict corns serving as a male parent are hybridized with sexual corns chang 72, 7131, 7132 and 478 of which white spike-stalks cannot be self-fruited and sexual corns 7133 of which red spike-stalks cannot be self-fruited; F1 can generate dominant apomictic hybrids of which the white spike-stalks can be self-fruited and sexual hybrids of which the red spike-stalks cannot be self-fruited as well as dominant apomictic hybrids of which red spike-stalks can be self-fruited and sexual hybrids of which the red spike-stalks cannot be self-fruited; after the sexual hybrids are subjected to selfing, F2 can separate out recessive apomictic hybrids of which light red spike-stalks or red spike-stalks can be self-fruited after the selfing of sexual hybrids. The dominant apomictic hybrids are high in self-fruiting rate, and generations cannot be separated; the dominant apomictic hybrids are main male parents for cultivating unseparated hybrids; the recessive apomictic hybrids are relatively low in self-fruiting rate and relatively poor in purity, and can be also used as basic materials for cultivating the unseparated hybrids through planting separation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to corn apomixis breeding technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method that makes sexual corn produce dominant and recessive apomixis hybrid.
Background technology
The basic goal of corn apomixis breeding is to cultivate unseparated hybrid, so that it utilizes heterotic function, reaches the level of hybrid vigor fixing.And the main method of cultivating true breeding hybrid is first to use agamont and sexual corn hybridization, then select good dominant apomixis hybrid in each generation, again with sexual parent's recross, until obtain Apomixis and the good dominant apomixis hybrid of economical character.Because the coordinate force between the autonomous ripening rate of agamont and they and sexual corn can affect the level of dominant apomixis hybrid, thus inevitable process and the effect of cultivating true breeding hybrid of also can affecting.Therefore research makes sexual corn produce method dominant and recessive apomixis hybrid just becomes the Key technique problem that the present invention will solve.
Summary of the invention
For the needs of corn apomixis breeding, the invention discloses the method that makes sexual corn produce dominant and recessive apomixis hybrid, to obtain dominant and recessive apomixis hybrid, wherein the autonomous ripening rate of dominant apomixis hybrid is high, offspring does not separate, be the desirable male parent of cultivating true breeding hybrid, and recessive apomixis hybrid also can be used as the basic material of apomixis breeding after plantation is selected.
Said method is that the present invention adopts following technical proposals to obtain:
Use and can make male parent and sexual corn hybridization by autonomous solid agamont corn, F1 can produce sexual hybrid that can autonomous solid dominant apomixis hybrid and can not be independently solid, these sexual hybrid after selfing F2 separable go out independently solid recessive apomixis hybrid.
In technique scheme, as the male parent of hybridization, can be can autonomous solid any apoamphimict.It is example that the present invention selects 4317 agamonts, and their female fringe is red cob, and autonomous ripening rate is 53.4%～96.6%.As the sexual corn of female parent, should be any inbred line or kind or the hybrid of in production, applying.For describing the problem, it is sexual corns of inbred line of dead ears axle that the present invention mainly uses the female fringes such as prosperous 72,7131,7132,478, also use simultaneously the female fringes such as 7133 be red cob the sexual corn of inbred line as a comparison.The said dominant apomixis hybrid of scheme is asexual hybrid, and it induces maternal ovule tissue to produce by paternal pollen, and recessive apomixis hybrid is sexual hybrid, it by Parent after sexual hybridization again selfing produce.These two kinds of inevitable outcomes that apomixis hybrid is all the technical program, its principal character is that their female fringe can be independently solid.Accordingly, can identify this two kinds of apomixis hybrids, but will accurately be familiar with source and the character of dominant apomixis hybrid, but, only by the mark of the female fringe proterties of hybrid combination parents, just can achieve the goal.For example, that red cob can be made male parent by autonomous 4317 solid agamonts with female fringe, with female fringe be that the sexual corn 7133 that red cob can not be independently solid is hybridized, F1 colony can produce red cob can autonomous solid dominant apomixis hybrid and red cob can not be independently solid sexual hybrid, these sexual reproduction hybrids after selfing, F2 separable go out red cob can autonomous solid recessive apomixis hybrid.In this hybrid combination, the female fringe of the dominant apomixis hybrid of male parent, female parent and F1 is all red cob, actually or the maternal nonfertilization that now this dominant apomixis hybrid Parent produces through sexual hybridization produces, this is those skilled in the art's indistinguishables.If but be that red cob can be made male parent by autonomous 4317 solid agamonts with female fringe, with female fringe be prosperous 72 hybridization of sexual corn that dead ears axle can not be independently solid, F1 colony can produce two plants, a kind of is independently solid dominant apomixis hybrid of dead ears axle, another kind is the sexual hybrid that red cob can not be independently solid, these sexual hybrid after selfing, F2 separable go out light red cob can autonomous solid recessive apomixis hybrid.In this hybrid combination, the female fringe of male parent agamont is red cob, and the female fringe of maternal sexual corn is dead ears axles, and the dominant apomixis hybrid of F1 is not only the corn of dead ears axle, and with the autonomous solid feature of male parent amixis physical efficiency.Can absolutely prove thus, this dominant apomixis hybrid itself be that maternal nonfertilization produces, also remain a hybrid simultaneously.
The general principle of technique scheme is, 4317 agamonts that the present invention is bred as are facultative apomixises, and each plant has apomixis and two kinds of mode of reproduction of sexual reproduction concurrently, also contains two kinds of pollen of apomixis and sexual reproduction in its tassel inflorescence.When female fringe is that red cob is while can autonomous 4317 solid agamonts making sexual corn hybridization that male parent and dead ears axle can not be independently solid, sexual pollen and sexual female parent in male parent tassel produce by double fertilization the sexual hybrid that red cob can not be independently solid, and apomixis pollen in male parent tassel induces the gonotocont of maternal ovule tissue to form independently solid new agamont of dead ears axle on the one hand, because this new agamont is that female parent has again the autonomous solid characteristic of male parent agamont simultaneously without paternal pollen fertilization, therefore it is called dominant apomixis hybrid, on the other hand, apomixis pollen in male parent tassel, also can produce the sexual hybrid that red cob can not be independently solid with sexual hybridization of female parent, after this sexual hybrid selfing, can isolate independently solid new agamont of light red cob, therefore it is called recessive apomixis hybrid.
For further illustrating principle and the method for technique scheme, refer to Figure of description 1 of the present invention.
Due to technique scheme in use, when hybrid combination parents proterties is identical, be unfavorable for identifying the essence of dominant apomixis hybrid, therefore the present invention selects the sexual corn hybridization of the autonomous 4317 solid agamonts of red cob energy and dead ears axle to make sexual corn produce the main material of the method for dominant and recessive apomixis hybrid as explanation.
Embodiment
Make male parent with 4317 agamont corns, sexual corn with white cob, prosperous 72, 7131, 7132, 478 and the sexual corn 7133 of red cob do maternal adjacent plantation, before the female fringe of female parent reels off raw silk from cocoons, to its isolation bagging, male parent the previous day also will be by its tassel bagging in pollination, in the time that the female fringe of female parent reels off raw silk from cocoons, the morning when 9-11 or the bagging of patting on male parent tassel when 3-5 afternoon collect pollen, after being spread on female fringe, continue separation sleeve bag, twice of pollination so continuously, after ripe, collect maternal female fringe, dry, threshing collection, can produce thus each combination F0 for seed.Plant each combination F0 for seed, in F1 colony, can see female fringe be white cob can autonomous solid dominant apomixis hybrid and sexual hybrid and female fringe be that red cob can autonomous solid dominant apomixis hybrid and sexual hybrid, the F2 of these sexual hybrid selfings also can see female fringe be light red can autonomous solid recessive apomixis hybrid and female fringe be that red cob can autonomous solid recessive apomixis hybrid.Specific experiment process refers to table 1, table 2 and embodiment 1, embodiment 2.
Concrete operation method
1. spring next year, utilize 4317 agamonts to make the F0 seed program request 5-6 capable (6 meters of row are long) of paternal hybrid each combination, after emerging, carry out field management according to routine, whole strict bagging isolation before female fringe reels off raw silk from cocoons, wherein two strains are carried out selfing in contrast, while results after fully ripe, each combination F1 plant major part of visible 4317 agamonts and the sexual corn hybridization of white cob is all independently solid (these is all sexual hybrid) of red cob, the female fringe that only has minority bagging is independently solid (table 1) of white cob, these can be independently solid the female fringe of white cob be exactly the dominant apomixis hybrid of F1.Meanwhile, the F1 plant major part that the sexual corn 7133 of visible 4317 agamonts and red cob is hybridized is all that red cob can not be independently solid, only have the red cob corn of minority bagging can be independently solid, the female fringe that these can be independently solid be exactly the dominant apomixis hybrid of F1 (embodiment 2).
2. capable the autonomous solid seed simple grain program request 3-6 of above-mentioned each combination F1 results, and adjacent plantation 2 row of each combination F1 selfed seed, after emerging, carry out field management according to routine, heading is front to the whole strict baggings of the female fringe of this two plant, visible when fully maturation is gathered in the crops: the F2 plant that 1. the autonomous solid seed of each combination F1 of 4317 agamonts and the sexual corn hybridization of dead ears axle grows up to can be independently solid, their female fringe is all still dead ears axle (table 2, Figure of description 1), it is the plant of red cob without female fringe, and the female fringe of F2 plant that the seed of the dominant apomixis hybrid of 7133 × 4317F1 grows up to is red cob entirely, and can be independently solid, illustrate that these plant are new agamonts of maternal type, do not separate, 2. the F2 plant strain growth that F1 selfing fringe seed grows up to is very irregular, how can not be independently solid after their female fringe bagging, cob is red, this is sexual hybrid, can autonomous solid person's cob be light red or redness individually, and this is the isolated recessive apomixis hybrids of sexual hybrid, negligible amounts, purity poor (table 1, table 2, Figure of description 1 and embodiment 2).
Table 1.4317 agamont corn and sexual corn hybridization produce the frequency of the dominant and recessive apomixis hybrid of F2 of F1
Note: 1,
2、
The performance of the dominant and recessive apomixis hybrid of the each combination of table 2. F2
Note:
Embodiment 1
Within 2006, utilize 4317 agamont corns (red cob can be independently solid) and prosperous 72 inbred lines (dead ears axle can not be independently solid) hybridization, F1 obtains the autonomous solid dominant apomixis hybrid of 3 strains after the female fringe bagging of 62 strain is planted in Hainan, it is all white cob, F2 plants 66 strains at Yang Ling, female fringe is all dead ears axle, can be independently solid, average autonomous ripening rate 35.2%, average plant height 180.6cm, spike length 11.7cm, the high 74.5cm in fringe position, 12.5 of the numbers of blade, these features and average plant height 181.0cm of F3 generation, spike length 11.5cm, the high 75.2cm in fringe position, 12.0 of the numbers of blade are compared, under 5% level without significant difference, the heredity that the dominant apomixis hybrid of F1 is described be stablize unseparated.By the feature and maternal prosperous 72 average plant height 145.3cm of above-mentioned F2 plant, spike length 10.0cm, the high 53.3cm in fringe position, 11.0 of the numbers of blade are compared, under 5% level, difference is significant, the independently solid corn of white cob being produced by F1 is described, is the apomixis hybrid producing without male parent fertilization, and they have certain hybrid vigour.
F1 kind is planted sexual hybrid 24 strains, isolates a recessive apomixis hybrid after female fringe bagging, and cob is light red, and autonomous ripening rate 29.6%, 23 strain does not have solid, and female fringe cob is red.This recessive apomixis hybrid has all become the germplasm materials of apomixis breeding after plantation separates with above-mentioned dominant apomixis hybrid.
Embodiment 2
2010 make male parent (autonomous ripening rate 68.2%) with 4317 agamonts is 7133 corn inbred line hybridization of red cob with female fringe, and F1 obtains the red cob of 4 strains can autonomous solid dominant apomixis hybrid and sexual hybrid.F2 kind is planted autonomous solid hybrid 63 strains of F1, and average autonomous ripening rate 79.6%, is all red cob, average plant height 198.3cm, spike length 17.2cm, the high 78.6cm in fringe position, 14.2 of the numbers of blade, the average plant height 203.1cm of these features and F3, spike length 18.1cm, the high 81.1cm in fringe position, 14.3 of the numbers of blade, average autonomous ripening rate 83.3% is compared, and the level 5% is without significant difference, the heredity that the dominant apomixis hybrid of F1 is described be stablize unseparated.With feature and the average plant height 153.6cm of sexual maternal 7133 inbred line of above-mentioned F2 plant, spike length 16.1cm, fringe position is high by 63.2,12.1 of the numbers of blade are compared, be significant at 5% level difference, illustrate that the autonomous solid corn of energy that F1 is produced by maternal nonfertilization is still hybrid and has certain hybrid vigour.
F1 kind is planted sexual hybrid 25 strains, isolates independently solid recessive apomixis hybrid of the red cob of a strain after female fringe bagging, and autonomous ripening rate 38.4%, 24 strain can not be independently solid, and female fringe cob is also red.This recessive apomixis hybrid has become the basic material of apomixis breeding after plantation separates, and above-mentioned dominant apomixis hybrid has entered in the combination of cultivating true breeding hybrid.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is principle and the program schematic diagram that cross method of the present invention produces dominant and recessive apomixis hybrid;
Fig. 2 a-1 is nethermost is prosperous 72 (dead ears axles), is topmost 4317 (red cobs), and middle is dominant apomixis hybrid (dead ears axle); Fig. 2 a-2 is recessive apomixis hybrid (light red cob);
Fig. 2 b-1 is nethermost is 7131 (dead ears axles), is topmost 4317 (red cobs), and middle is dominant apomixis hybrid (dead ears axle); Fig. 2 b-2 is recessive apomixis hybrid (light red cob);
Fig. 2 c-1 is nethermost is 7132 (dead ears axles), is topmost 4317 (red cobs), and middle is dominant apomixis hybrid (dead ears axle); Fig. 2 c-2 is recessive apomixis hybrid (light red cob);
Fig. 2 d-1 is nethermost is 478 (dead ears axles), is topmost 4317 (red cobs), and middle is dominant apomixis hybrid (dead ears axle); Fig. 2 d-2 is recessive apomixis hybrid (light red cob).
Invention effect
With four hybrid combination F1 that 4317 agamont corns are done male parent preparation can obtain white cob can autonomous solid dominant apomixis hybrid and red cob can not be independently solid sexual hybrid, and after sexual hybrid selfing, also can obtain recessive apomixis hybrid (table 1 and the table 2 that light red cob can be independently solid, Figure of description 1), this explanation, making male parent and sexual corn hybridization with 4317 agamont corns, to make its generation method dominant and recessive apomixis hybrid be effective.This is because with regard to each combination, the average autonomous ripening rate of dominant apomixis hybrid is all higher, and F1 just can occur, can be utilized in time, and although recessive apomixis hybrid just can be isolated at F2, autonomous ripening rate is lower, and purity is poor, but after separating by plantation, still can select to utilize.With regard to different hybrid combination, utilize 4317 agamont corns of high autonomous ripening rate to make male parent, the F1 autonomous ripening rate dominant and the recessive apomixis hybrid of F2 obtaining with the sexual corn hybridization of good economical character is also all higher, as table 2 combines 2, Figure of description 1,7131 (dead ears axle) × 4317 (red cobs, autonomous ripening rate 96.6%) the autonomous ripening rate of the dominant apomixis hybrid of its F1 is 97.4%, and the autonomous ripening rate of the isolated recessive apomixis hybrid of F2 is 32.8%.If the autonomous ripening rate of 4317 agamont corns is lower, even if the sexual maternal economical character of hybridization is good, the autonomous ripening rate of recessive apomixis hybrid that the dominant and F2 that F1 obtains obtains is all lower, as table 2 combines 3, Figure of description 1, its F1 of 7132 (dead ears axle) × 4317 (red cob, autonomous ripening rate 53.4%) autonomous ripening rate dominant and the recessive apomixis hybrid of F2 is respectively 65.4% and 29.4%.If the autonomous ripening rate of 4317 agamont corns is higher, sexual maternal character is poor, dominant and the autonomous ripening rate of the recessive apomixis hybrid of F2 of the F1 that obtains of hybridization is all level medium or on the lower side, as table 2 combines 4, Figure of description 1, the F1 autonomous ripening rate dominant and the recessive apomixis hybrid of F2 that 478 (dead ears axle) × 4317 (red cob, autonomous ripening rate 62.5%) obtain is respectively 57.8% and 32.3%; For another example table 2 combines 1, Figure of description 1, and the F1 autonomous ripening rate dominant and the recessive apomixis hybrid of F2 that prosperous 72 (dead ears axle) × 4317 (red cob, autonomous ripening rate 62.5%) obtains is respectively 42.3% and 29.3%.
These statements of facts, although above-mentioned most hybrid combination F1 can obtain the dominant apomixis hybrid of higher autonomous ripening rate, but the strongest autonomous ripening rate of height of performance hybrid vigour only has 2 one (tables 2 of combination, Figure of description 1), illustrate and utilize in the above-mentioned hybrid combination that 4317 agamont corns are measured, also have the whether good problem of coordinate force.
Claims (6)
1. make sexual corn produce the method for dominant and recessive apomixis hybrid, it is characterized in that with female fringe it being that red cob can autonomous solid apoamphimict 4317 corns be made male parent and sexual self-breds corn that can not be independently solid is hybridized, F1 can produce sexual hybrid that can autonomous solid dominant apomixis hybrid and can not be independently solid, these sexual hybrid selfings F2 separable go out independently solid recessive apomixis hybrid.
2. method according to claim 1, produce hybrid combination, the female fringe of prosperous 72 × 4317F1 is that the female fringe that the autonomous solid dominant apomixis hybrid of white cob energy and sexual hybrid selfing F2 produce is that light red cob can autonomous solid recessive apomixis hybrid.
3. method according to claim 1, produce hybrid combination, the female fringe of 7131 × 4317F1 is that the female fringe that the autonomous solid dominant apomixis hybrid of white cob energy and sexual hybrid selfing F2 produce is that light red cob can autonomous solid recessive apomixis hybrid.
4. method according to claim 1, produce hybrid combination, the female fringe of 7132 × 4317F1 is that the female fringe that the autonomous solid dominant apomixis hybrid of white cob energy and sexual hybrid selfing F2 produce is that light red cob can autonomous solid recessive apomixis hybrid.
5. method according to claim 1, produce hybrid combination, the female fringe of 478 × 4317F1 is that the female fringe that the autonomous solid dominant apomixis hybrid of white cob energy and sexual hybrid selfing F2 produce is that light red cob can autonomous solid recessive apomixis hybrid.
6. method according to claim 1, produce hybrid combination 7133 × 4317F1, female fringe is that the female fringe that the autonomous solid dominant apomixis hybrid of red cob energy and sexual hybrid selfing F2 produce is that red cob can autonomous solid recessive apomixis hybrid.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2017039452A1 (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2017-03-09 | Keygene N.V. | Diplospory gene |
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| WO2017039452A1 (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2017-03-09 | Keygene N.V. | Diplospory gene |
| US11236346B2 (en) | 2015-09-04 | 2022-02-01 | Keygene N.V. | Diplospory gene |
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Application publication date: 20141119 |