CN104142059A - Crucible for preparing aluminum-base intermediate alloy through aluminothermic reduction method - Google Patents
Crucible for preparing aluminum-base intermediate alloy through aluminothermic reduction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104142059A CN104142059A CN201310170563.0A CN201310170563A CN104142059A CN 104142059 A CN104142059 A CN 104142059A CN 201310170563 A CN201310170563 A CN 201310170563A CN 104142059 A CN104142059 A CN 104142059A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the metallurgy field, in particular to a composite type crucible for preparing an aluminum-base intermediate alloy. The crucible for preparing the aluminum-base intermediate alloy is composed of a pedestal, a lower furnace body and an upper protective jacket. The outer layers of the crucible pedestal, furnace body and protective jacket use structural steel dies. A pedestal liner is composed of aluminum oxide bricks and magnesium oxide bricks in a bricking mode; each of a furnace body liner and a protective jacket liner is compose of aluminum oxide bricks in a bricking mode. The part between a crucible liner and the outside die is filled with aluminum oxide slag powder which serves as insulation material. Aluminothermic reduction reaction is mainly performed in the furnace body, and the protective jacket plays a role of preventing the melt splashing and overflowing in the reaction. The crucible can be used for preparing different kinds of aluminum-base intermediate alloys. The crucible is simple in manufacturing procedure, short in manufacturing period, high in efficiency and capable of using byproducts of the aluminothermic reduction reaction so as to greatly lower the production cost; and moreover, because the crucible liner is made of byproducts of the aluminothermic reduction reaction, the crucible protects the alloy from impurity pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of combined type crucible, specifically be a kind of combined type crucible and preparation technology thereof who adopts thermit reduction to prepare contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy, it belongs to field of metallurgy.
Background technology
Contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy is smelted the additive of use as high temperature alloy, titanium alloy, aluminium alloy and nonferrous materials etc., apply very extensive.Contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy preparation method has multiple, and wherein aluminothermic reduction method is prepared intermediate alloy due to low cost, and technique is simply occupied very consequence.Industrially generally with copper, graphite crucible, the brick crucible of magnesia or alumina sintering crucible, prepare contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy.The alloy impurity that utilizes copper crucible to prepare is few, but copper crucible cost is high, water-cooled has a big risk; Although graphite crucible cost is lower, easily cause carbon contamination.Copper crucible and graphite crucible production capacity are also lower simultaneously.The brick crucible of magnesia and alumina sintering crucible production capacity are larger, the poor performance but magnesia brick heat resistanceheat resistant is shaken, can only be used once, causes the brick crucible cost of magnesia high, because common magnesia brick contains higher silica and iron oxide, easily middle alloy product is brought to contaminating impurity again; Alumina sintering crucible can not cause contaminating impurity to product substantially, and can recycle byproduct of reaction alundum (Al2O3), but the complex manufacturing technology of alundum (Al2O3) crucible is loaded down with trivial details, to pass through the vibration moulding of liner outer wall, sintering and the operation such as cooling, whole fabrication cycle reaches 24 hours, inefficiency, the cost of consumption is also higher.
Summary of the invention
Defect in view of existing technology exists, the object of the invention is to provide a kind of combined type crucible for the preparation of vananum, and not only production capacity is large, production process is simple, make efficiency is high, cost is low but also can not bring contaminating impurity to product for this crucible.
For achieving the above object, the technology used in the present invention solution: a kind of crucible of preparing contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy for aluminothermic reduction method, is characterized in that: comprise from top to bottom base, bottom body of heater and three parts of top protective sleeve of stacking successively; Base comprises bottom outermost layer plate-like structure steel mold (1), and plate-like structure steel mold (1) upper surface is provided with base liner permanent layer (2), and base liner permanent layer (2) is provided with base liner displacement layer (3); Body of heater comprises the structural steel mould upper and lower both ends open of outermost layer, barrel-shaped (4), and barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) inner surface is provided with wall lining layer (6), is provided with heat-insulation layer (5) in wall lining layer (6); Protective sleeve comprises the protective sleeve structural steel mould upper and lower both ends open of outermost layer, barrel-shaped (7), barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) inner surface is provided with protective sleeve wall lining layer (9), and protective sleeve wall lining layer (9) inner surface is provided with protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8); The barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater is placed in plate-like structure steel mold (1) top, base liner permanent layer (2) and base liner displacement layer (3) are the platy structure of radial section circle, and they are placed in barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) inside of body of heater and coaxially arrange with the barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater; Wall lining layer (6) and heat-insulation layer (5) are placed in base liner displacement layer (3) top; Barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) is placed in barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) top of body of heater, and barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) coaxially arranges with the barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater.
Protective sleeve wall lining layer (9) is placed in wall lining layer (6) top, and protective sleeve wall lining layer (9) coaxially arranges with wall lining layer (6); Protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8) is placed in heat-insulation layer (5) top, and protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8) coaxially arranges with heat-insulation layer (5).Base liner permanent layer (2) is to be built by laying bricks or stones and formed by magnesia brick, and base displacement layer (3), body of heater wall lining layer (6) and protective sleeve wall lining layer (9) are built by laying bricks or stones and formed by alumina brick;
Structural steel mold materials is carbon structural steel;
Thermite reaction mainly carries out in oven body part, and protective sleeve plays and when reaction, prevents the effect that melt splashes and overflows; Described protective sleeve and base permanent layer can repeatedly be used, and base displacement layer can be reused 3-4 time.Described base liner lower floor is magnesia brick permanent layer, magnesia brick side paving or horizontal paving, and permanent layer can repeatedly be used, and when tearing stove open, without dismounting, the Main Function of permanent layer is that while preventing from reacting, metal liquid is worn stove; Base liner upper strata is the displacement layer that alumina brick is built by laying bricks or stones, and the horizontal paving of alumina brick needs while tearing stove open after every secondary response to remove.
Described barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) bottom open end is inwardly radially provided with an annular base (10) that can bear insulation material and liner weight.
The barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of plate-like structure steel mold (1), body of heater, barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) form the Alloy-steel mold of crucible jointly; The barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater is highly 460mm-920mm, and barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) is highly 920mm-1380mm.
The liner alumina brick of described crucible is to be made by the accessory substance aluminium oxide slag of preparing vananum by thermite reaction, and its alumina content is 80%-95%; Alumina brick has two kinds of sizes, a kind of standard size brick (physical dimension 230 * 114 * 65mm) that is of a size of, and another is trapezoidal brick (physical dimension is 230 * 114 * 65/45mm);
Wall lining is to be built by laying bricks or stones and form around the circle of required diameter by standard type alumina brick and the trapezoidal alumina brick of the alumina brick of two types; Described alumina brick has the good heat resistanceheat resistant performance of shaking, and can reuse 4-7 time.
In described magnesia brick, magnesian purity is between 85%-95%, SiO
2content≤6%, Fe
2o
3content≤1%, Na
2o≤1%, Ca
2o≤1%, other constituent content is all less than 0.5%.
The aluminium oxide slag that the insulation material of described heat-insulation layer (6) and protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8) is less than 5mm by granularity forms.Aluminium oxide slag is the accessory substance of vananum.
The preparation method of combined type crucible:
Base: after base mould (1) is smooth, magnesia brick side is laid on base, completes the making of permanent layer (2).Be laid on the making that completes base displacement layer (3) in permanent layer by one deck alumina brick is horizontal again.
Body of heater: determine central point on base brick layer, draw the circle of certain diameter, then Stove body moudle (4) is set on base mould (1).A certain proportion of standard alumina brick and trapezoidal alumina brick are built into annulus around annulus, by same masonry way, build from the bottom up three layers of brick or four layers of brick by laying bricks or stones to complete the making of furnace lining (6).The aluminium oxide slag of finally filling dry granularity≤5mm forms heat-insulation layer (5).
Protective sleeve: determine central point in protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) bottom; the circle that picture is more bigger than furnace diameter; in protective sleeve bottom, annulus (10) pressed on ring is built alumina brick; build from the bottom up four layers to six layers brick by laying bricks or stones to complete the making of protective sleeve liner (9), finally the aluminium oxide slag of dry granularity≤5mm is filled into and between liner and mould, forms heat-insulation layer (8).
Protective sleeve is winched on body of heater, just completed the making of a whole set of combined type crucible.Because of protective sleeve and base permanent layer repeatedly reusable, therefore in follow-up operation, only need to make base displacement layer (3) and furnace lining (6).
The invention has the advantages that: combined type crucible is divided into base, bottom body of heater and three parts of top protective sleeve.Thermite reaction carries out in oven body part.Top protective sleeve has played good protective action to liquid splash and outflow phenomenon, can guarantee the safety of reaction.Body of heater and protective sleeve liner are all brickwork construction, and without vibration moulding, sintering and the operation such as cooling, manufacture craft is simple.The protective sleeve of crucible and base permanent layer can repeatedly be used, and therefore only need to make furnace lining; Base displacement layer, due to reusable 3-4 time, has further been simplified the production process of combined type crucible.The Production Time of each combined type crucible is only 1-2 hour, has improved greatly production efficiency.
The inner lining structure of combined type crucible is alumina brick structure, and the accessory substance aluminium oxide slag that alumina brick adopts thermit reaction to generate is made, and can not produce secondary pollution to intermediate alloy, can guarantee the quality of intermediate alloy; And the heat resistanceheat resistant of this alumina brick better performances of shaking, repeat usage reaches 4-7 time, greatly reduces production cost.
Combined type crucible production capacity is larger, and the intermediate alloy of an output can reach 500kg.
Therefore not only make efficiency is high, Production Time is short, production capacity is large in the present invention, has also reduced production cost and can not bring contaminating impurity simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is combined type crucible profile of the present invention;
In figure: 1 base mould 2 base permanent layer 3 base displacement layer 4 Stove body moudle 5 insulating layer of furnace body 6 furnace lining 7 protective sleeve mould 8 protective sleeve heat-insulation layer 9 protective sleeve liners;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of protective sleeve part of the present invention;
In figure: 10 protective sleeve bottom annulus;
Two kinds of alumina brick schematic diagrames of Fig. 3;
The masonry way of Fig. 4 furnace wall and protective sleeve liner tile.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment mono-
First understructure steel mold 1 is placed smooth, at mold base upside, spread one deck magnesia brick to form base liner permanent layer 2, and adjust brick make its marshalling and gap less, then at magnesia brick top rail paving one deck alumina brick of side paving to complete the making of displacement layer 3.Determine after stool central point, draw the circle that diameter is 1000mm, then Stove body moudle is set on base mould 4 and standard type and cutter type alumina brick are stood up to ring is built into circularly, build from bottom to up three layers of brick by laying bricks or stones, obtain furnace lining 6.Oven body part height is 690mm.Granularity is filled up between structural steel mould and aluminium oxide liner and formed insulating layer of furnace body 5 for the≤dry aluminium oxide slag of 5mm, obtained whole furnace binding.
Protective sleeve mould 7 is placed on level land; at mould inside, determine the center of circle and draw the circle that diameter is 1020mm; then standard type alumina brick and ladder type alumina brick are built by laying bricks or stones on protective sleeve mold bottom annulus 10; around annulus, be built into annulus, build altogether from bottom to up four layers of brick to complete the making of protective sleeve furnace lining 9.The height of protective sleeve is 920mm.Finally the aluminium oxide of filling be less than≤5mm of dry granularity between mould and alumina brick liner is formed to protective sleeve heat-insulation layer 8, obtained protective sleeve part.
Protective sleeve is placed on body of heater and has obtained whole crucible, with this crucible, carry out the reaction of VAl55 alloy 500kg alloy pig, the alloy property of generation is stable, and composition and performance all can reach requirement, and alloy production cost has also had reduction largely.Following table is to utilize the chemical composition of the VAl55 alloy of this combined type crucible production.
| Element | V | Al | Fe | Si | C | O |
| Rower | 55-60 | Surplus | ≤0.35 | ≤0.3 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.2 |
| Measured value | 57.8 | 41.9 | 0.168 | 0.173 | 0.004 | 0.008 |
Embodiment bis-
Oven body part: first understructure steel mold 1 is placed smooth, at mold base upside, spread one deck magnesia brick to form base liner permanent layer 2, and adjust gap and make its marshalling, then at alumina brick top rail paving one deck alumina brick of side paving to complete the making of displacement layer 3.Determine after stool central point, draw the circle that diameter is 1000mm, then Stove body moudle is set on base mould 4 and standard type and cutter type alumina brick are stood up to ring is built into circularly, build from bottom to up two-layer brick by laying bricks or stones, obtain furnace lining 6.Oven body part height is 460mm.Granularity is filled up between structural steel mould and aluminium oxide liner and formed insulating layer of furnace body 5 for the≤dry aluminium oxide slag of 5mm, obtained whole furnace binding.
Protective sleeve part: protective sleeve mould 7 is placed on level land; at mould inside, determine the center of circle and draw the circle that diameter is 1020mm; then standard type alumina brick and cutter type alumina brick are built by laying bricks or stones on protective sleeve mold bottom annulus 10; around circle, build into annulus by laying bricks or stones, build altogether from bottom to up five layers of brick to complete the making of protective sleeve furnace lining 9.The height of protective sleeve is 1150mm.Finally the aluminium oxide of filling be less than≤5mm of dry granularity between mould and alumina brick liner is formed to protective sleeve heat-insulation layer 8, obtained protective sleeve part.
Protective sleeve is placed on body of heater and has obtained whole crucible, carry out the reaction of VAl55 alloy 500kg alloy pig with this crucible, the alloy property of generation is stable, and composition and performance all can reach requirement, and alloy production cost has also had reduction largely.Following table is to utilize the chemical composition of the VAl55 alloy of this combined type crucible production.
| Element | V | Al | Fe | Si | C | O |
| Rower | 55-60 | Surplus | ≤0.35 | ≤0.3 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.2 |
| Measured value | 57.5 | 42.2 | 0.136 | 0.163 | 0.011 | 0.010 |
Embodiment tri-
Oven body part: first understructure steel mold 1 is placed smooth, at mold base upside, spread one deck magnesia brick to form base liner permanent layer 2, and adjust gap and make its marshalling, then at magnesia brick top rail paving one deck alumina brick of side paving to complete the making of displacement layer 3.Determine after stool central point, draw the circle that diameter is 1000mm, then Stove body moudle is set on base mould 4 and standard type and cutter type alumina brick are stood up to ring is built into circularly, build from bottom to up four layers of brick by laying bricks or stones, obtain furnace lining 6.Oven body part height is 920mm.Granularity is filled up between structural steel mould and aluminium oxide liner and formed insulating layer of furnace body 5 for the≤dry aluminium oxide slag of 5mm, obtained whole furnace binding.
Protective sleeve part: protective sleeve mould 7 is placed on level land; at mould inside, determine the center of circle and draw the circle that diameter is 1020mm; then standard type alumina brick and cutter type alumina brick are built by laying bricks or stones on protective sleeve mold bottom annulus 10; around circle, build into annulus by laying bricks or stones, build altogether from bottom to up three layers of brick to complete the making of protective sleeve furnace lining 9.The height of protective sleeve is 690mm.Finally the aluminium oxide of filling be less than≤5mm of dry granularity between mould and alumina brick liner is formed to protective sleeve heat-insulation layer 8, obtained protective sleeve part.
Protective sleeve is placed on body of heater and has obtained whole crucible, with this crucible, carry out VAl55 alloy reaction, the alloy property of generation is stable, and composition and performance all can reach requirement, and alloy production cost has also had reduction largely.Following table is to utilize the chemical composition of the VAl55 alloy of this combined type crucible production.
| Element | V | Al | Fe | Si | C | O |
| Rower | 55-60 | Surplus | ≤0.35 | ≤0.3 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.2 |
| Measured value | 57.6 | 42.1 | 0.187 | 0.186 | 0.003 | 0.014 |
Claims (9)
1. for aluminothermic reduction method, prepare a crucible for contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy, it is characterized in that: comprise from top to bottom base, bottom body of heater and three parts of top protective sleeve of stacking successively;
Base comprises bottom outermost layer plate-like structure steel mold (1), and plate-like structure steel mold (1) upper surface is provided with base liner permanent layer (2), and base liner permanent layer (2) is provided with base liner displacement layer (3); Body of heater comprises the structural steel mould upper and lower both ends open of outermost layer, barrel-shaped (4), and barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) inner surface is provided with wall lining layer (6), is provided with heat-insulation layer (5) in wall lining layer (6);
Protective sleeve comprises the protective sleeve structural steel mould upper and lower both ends open of outermost layer, barrel-shaped (7), barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) inner surface is provided with protective sleeve wall lining layer (9), is provided with protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8) in protective sleeve wall lining layer (9);
The barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater is placed in plate-like structure steel mold (1) top, base liner permanent layer (2) and base liner displacement layer (3) are the platy structure of radial section circle, and they are placed in barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) inside of body of heater and coaxially arrange with the barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater; Wall lining layer (6) and heat-insulation layer (5) are placed in base liner displacement layer (3) top;
Barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) is placed in barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) top of body of heater, and barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) coaxially arranges with the barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater.
2. crucible as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: protective sleeve wall lining layer (9) is placed in wall lining layer (6) top, and protective sleeve wall lining layer (9) coaxially arranges with wall lining layer (6);
Protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8) is placed in heat-insulation layer (5) top, and protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8) coaxially arranges with heat-insulation layer (5).
3. crucible as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: base liner permanent layer (2) is to be built by laying bricks or stones and formed by magnesia brick, and base displacement layer (3), body of heater wall lining layer (6) and protective sleeve wall lining layer (9) are built by laying bricks or stones and formed by alumina brick;
Structural steel mold materials is carbon structural steel;
Thermite reaction mainly carries out in oven body part, and protective sleeve plays and when reaction, prevents the effect that melt splashes and overflows;
Described protective sleeve and base permanent layer can repeatedly be used, and base displacement layer can be reused 3-4 time.
4. crucible as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) bottom open end is inwardly radially provided with an annular base (10) that can bear insulation material and liner weight.
5. crucible as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of plate-like structure steel mold (1), body of heater, barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) form the Alloy-steel mold of crucible jointly; The barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater is highly 460mm-920mm, and barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) is highly 920mm-1380mm.
6. crucible as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the liner alumina brick of described crucible is to be made by the accessory substance aluminium oxide slag of preparing vananum by thermite reaction, and its alumina content is 80%-95%; Alumina brick has two kinds of sizes, a kind of standard size brick (physical dimension 230 * 114 * 65mm) that is of a size of, and another is trapezoidal brick (physical dimension is 230 * 114 * 65/45mm);
Wall lining is to be built by laying bricks or stones and form around the circle of required diameter by standard type alumina brick and the trapezoidal alumina brick of the alumina brick of two types; Described alumina brick has the good heat resistanceheat resistant performance of shaking, and can reuse 4-7 time.
7. crucible as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: in described magnesia brick magnesian purity between 85%-95%, Si content≤6%, Fe content≤1%; Na
2o≤1%, Ca
2o≤1%, other constituent content is all less than 0.5%.
8. the crucible as described in claim 2 or 7, it is characterized in that: described base liner lower floor is magnesia brick permanent layer, magnesia brick side paving or horizontal paving, permanent layer can repeatedly be used, when tearing stove open, without dismounting, the Main Function of permanent layer is that while preventing from reacting, metal liquid is worn stove; Base liner upper strata is the displacement layer that alumina brick is built by laying bricks or stones, and the horizontal paving of alumina brick needs while tearing stove open after every secondary response to remove.
9. crucible as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the aluminium oxide slag that the insulation material of described heat-insulation layer (5) and protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8) is less than 5mm by granularity forms; Aluminium oxide slag is to adopt aluminothermic reduction method to prepare the accessory substance of vananum.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310170563.0A CN104142059B (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2013-05-10 | A kind of crucible preparing contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy for aluminothermic process |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310170563.0A CN104142059B (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2013-05-10 | A kind of crucible preparing contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy for aluminothermic process |
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| CN104142059B CN104142059B (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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| CN111719059A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-29 | 新疆众和股份有限公司 | Preparation method of fine-grain high-purity aluminum-silicon-copper alloy target blank for sputtering |
| CN113606941A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-05 | 江苏隆达超合金航材有限公司 | Brick crucible for vacuum induction furnace and preparation method thereof |
| CN114702848A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-07-05 | 河钢承德钒钛新材料有限公司 | Coating slurry for graphite crucible and preparation and application methods thereof |
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| CN113606941A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-05 | 江苏隆达超合金航材有限公司 | Brick crucible for vacuum induction furnace and preparation method thereof |
| CN114702848A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-07-05 | 河钢承德钒钛新材料有限公司 | Coating slurry for graphite crucible and preparation and application methods thereof |
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|---|---|
| CN104142059B (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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