CN104142059B - A kind of crucible preparing contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy for aluminothermic process - Google Patents
A kind of crucible preparing contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy for aluminothermic process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, particularly a kind of combined type crucible for the preparation of contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy.This crucible is made up of base, lower volume and top protective sleeve three parts.Stool, body of heater and protective sleeve skin is structural steel mould.Base liner is that alumina brick and magnesia brick are built by laying bricks or stones and formed; Body of heater and protective sleeve liner are built by laying bricks or stones by alumina brick and are formed.Fill alundum (Al2O3) slag bulk cargo between crucible lining and outer mold and do insulation material.Thermite reaction mainly carries out in oven body part, and protective sleeve plays the effect preventing melt from splashing and overflowing when reacting.This crucible can be applied to various different types of contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy.This crucible not only production process is simple, fabrication cycle is short, efficiency is high, and the accessory substance of thermite reaction can also be utilized, considerably reduce production cost, and due to crucible lining be that the accessory substance produced by thermite reaction is made, therefore the present invention can not bring contaminating impurity by alloy.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of combined type crucible, specifically be a kind of adopt thermit reduction to prepare contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy combined type crucible and preparation technology, it belongs to field of metallurgy.
Background technology
The additive that contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy is smelted as high temperature alloy, titanium alloy, aluminium alloy and nonferrous materials etc., application widely.Contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy preparation method has multiple, and wherein aluminothermic process prepares intermediate alloy due to low cost, and technique is simple and occupy very consequence.Contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy prepared by industrial general copper, graphite crucible, the brick crucible of magnesia or alumina sintering crucible.The alloy impurity utilizing copper crucible to prepare is few, but copper crucible cost is high, water-cooled has a big risk; Although graphite crucible cost is lower, easily cause carbon contamination.Simultaneously copper crucible and graphite crucible production capacity also lower.The brick crucible of magnesia and alumina sintering crucible production capacity larger, the poor performance but magnesia brick heat resistanceheat resistant is shaken, can only use once, causes magnesia brick crucible cost high, again because common magnesia brick contains higher silica and iron oxide, easily contaminating impurity is brought to middle alloy product; Alumina sintering crucible can not cause contaminating impurity to product substantially, and byproduct of reaction alundum (Al2O3) can be recycled, but the complex manufacturing technology of alundum (Al2O3) crucible is loaded down with trivial details, will through operations such as the vibration moulding of liner outer wall, sintering and coolings, whole fabrication cycle reaches 24 hours, inefficiency, the cost of consumption is also higher.
Summary of the invention
In view of the defect that existing technology exists, the object of the invention is to provide a kind of combined type crucible for the preparation of vananum, not only production capacity is large, production process is simple, make efficiency is high, cost is low but also can not bring contaminating impurity to product for this crucible.
For achieving the above object, the technology used in the present invention solution: a kind of crucible preparing contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy for aluminothermic process, is characterized in that: comprise base, lower volume and top protective sleeve three parts stacked successively from top to bottom; Base comprises bottom outermost layer plate-like structure steel mold (1), plate-like structure steel mold (1) upper surface is provided with base liner permanent layer (2), and base liner permanent layer (2) is provided with base liner displacement layer (3); Body of heater comprises the upper and lower both ends open of outermost layer, barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4), barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) inner surface is provided with wall lining layer (6), is provided with heat-insulation layer (5) in wall lining layer (6); Protective sleeve comprises the upper and lower both ends open of outermost layer, barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7), barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) inner surface is provided with protective sleeve wall lining layer (9), and protective sleeve wall lining layer (9) inner surface is provided with protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8); The barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater is placed in plate-like structure steel mold (1) top, the platy structure that base liner permanent layer (2) and base liner displacement layer (3) they are radial section circle, and they are placed in barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) inside of body of heater and coaxially arrange with the barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater; Wall lining layer (6) and heat-insulation layer (5) are placed in base liner displacement layer (3) top; Barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) is placed in barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) top of body of heater, and barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) is coaxially arranged with the barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater.
Protective sleeve wall lining layer (9) is placed in wall lining layer (6) top, and protective sleeve wall lining layer (9) and wall lining layer (6) are coaxially arranged; Protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8) is placed in heat-insulation layer (5) top, and protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8) and heat-insulation layer (5) are coaxially arranged.Base liner permanent layer (2) is built by laying bricks or stones by magnesia brick to form, and base displacement layer (3), body of heater wall lining layer (6) and protective sleeve wall lining layer (9) are built by laying bricks or stones by alumina brick and formed;
Structural steel mold materials is carbon structural steel;
Thermite reaction mainly carries out in oven body part, and protective sleeve plays the effect preventing melt from splashing and overflowing when reacting; Described protective sleeve and base permanent layer can repeatedly use, and base displacement layer can be reused 3-4 time.Described base liner lower floor is magnesia brick permanent layer, magnesia brick side paving or horizontal paving, and permanent layer can repeatedly use, and when tearing stove open without the need to removing, the Main Function of permanent layer is that when preventing reaction, metal liquid wears stove; Base liner upper strata is the displacement layer that alumina brick is built by laying bricks or stones, the horizontal paving of alumina brick, needs to remove when tearing stove open after every secondary response.
Described barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) bottom open end is radially provided with the annular base (10) that can be born insulation material and liner weight.
The barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of plate-like structure steel mold (1), body of heater, barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) form the Alloy-steel mold of crucible jointly; The barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater is highly 460mm-920mm, and barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) is highly 920mm-1380mm.
The liner alumina brick of described crucible is made by the accessory substance aluminium oxide slag being prepared vananum by thermite reaction, and its alumina content is 80%-95%; Alumina brick has two kinds of sizes, and one is of a size of standard size brick (physical dimension 230 × 114 × 65mm), and another is trapezoidal brick (physical dimension is 230 × 114 × 65/45mm);
Wall lining to be built by laying bricks or stones around the circle of required diameter by the standard type alumina brick of the alumina brick of two types and trapezoidal alumina brick to form; Described alumina brick has good heat resistanceheat resistant and to shake performance, can reuse 4-7 time.
In described magnesia brick, magnesian purity is between 85%-95%, SiO
2content≤6%, Fe
2o
3content≤1%, Na
2o≤1%, CaO≤1%, other constituent content is all less than 0.5%.
The aluminium oxide slag that the insulation material of described heat-insulation layer (6) and protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8) is less than 5mm by granularity forms.Aluminium oxide slag is the accessory substance of vananum.
The preparation method of combined type crucible:
Base: after base mould (1) is smooth, magnesia brick side is laid on base, completes the making of permanent layer (2).Making permanent layer completing base displacement layer (3) is laid on again by horizontal for one deck alumina brick.
Body of heater: determine central point in base brick layer, draws the circle of certain diameter, is then set on base mould (1) by Stove body moudle (4).A certain proportion of standard alumina brick and trapezoidal alumina brick are built into annulus around annulus, build three layers of brick or four layers of brick from the bottom up by laying bricks or stones to complete the making of furnace lining (6) by same masonry way.The aluminium oxide slag of finally filling dry granularity≤5mm forms heat-insulation layer (5).
Protective sleeve: determine central point in protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) bottom; draw the circle more bigger than furnace diameter; bottom protective sleeve, annulus (10) pressed on ring builds alumina brick; build four layers to six layers brick from the bottom up by laying bricks or stones to complete the making of protective sleeve liner (9), finally the aluminium oxide slag of the granularity≤5mm of drying is filled between liner and mould and forms heat-insulation layer (8).
Protective sleeve is winched on body of heater, just complete the making of a whole set of combined type crucible.Because of protective sleeve and base permanent layer repeatedly reusable, therefore in follow-up operation, only need make base displacement layer (3) and furnace lining (6).
The invention has the advantages that
Combined type crucible is divided into base, lower volume and top protective sleeve three parts.Thermite reaction carries out in oven body part.Top protective sleeve serves good protective action to liquid splash and outflow phenomenon, can guarantee the safety of reacting.Body of heater and protective sleeve liner are all brickwork construction, and without the need to operations such as vibration moulding, sintering and coolings, manufacture craft is simple.Protective sleeve and the base permanent layer of crucible can repeatedly use, and therefore only need make furnace lining; Base displacement layer, due to reusable 3-4 time, further simplify the production process of combined type crucible.The Production Time of each combined type crucible is only 1-2 hour, greatly improves production efficiency.
The inner lining structure of combined type crucible is alumina brick structure, and the accessory substance aluminium oxide slag that alumina brick adopts thermit reaction to generate is made, and can not produce secondary pollution, can guarantee the quality of intermediate alloy to intermediate alloy; The better performances and the heat resistanceheat resistant of this alumina brick is shaken, repeat usage reaches 4-7 time, greatly reduces production cost.
Combined type crucible production capacity is comparatively large, and the intermediate alloy of an output can reach 500kg.
Therefore not only make efficiency is high, Production Time is short, production capacity is large in the present invention, also reduces production cost simultaneously and can not bring contaminating impurity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is combined type crucible profile of the present invention; In figure: 1 base mould 2 base permanent layer 3 base displacement layer 4 Stove body moudle 5 insulating layer of furnace body 6 furnace lining 7 protective sleeve mould 8 protective sleeve heat-insulation layer 9 protective sleeve liner.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of protective sleeve part of the present invention; In figure: annulus bottom 10 protective sleeves.
Fig. 3 two kinds of alumina brick schematic diagrames;
The masonry way of Fig. 4 furnace wall and protective sleeve liner tile.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
First understructure steel mold 1 is placed smooth, one deck magnesia brick is spread to form base liner permanent layer 2 on the upside of mold base, and adjust brick and make its marshalling and gap is less, then on the magnesia brick of side paving horizontal paving one deck alumina brick to complete the making of displacement layer 3.After determining stool central point, draw the circle that diameter is 1000mm, Stove body moudle is set to and then standard type and blade type alumina brick are stood up ring by base mould 4 is built into circular, build three layers of brick from bottom to up by laying bricks or stones, namely obtain furnace lining 6.Oven body part height is 690mm.By granularity be≤the aluminium oxide slag of the drying of 5mm fills up between structural steel mould and alumina liner and forms insulating layer of furnace body 5, namely obtains whole furnace binding.
Protective sleeve mould 7 is placed on level land; determine the center of circle at mould inside and draw the circle that diameter is 1020mm; then standard type alumina brick and ladder type alumina brick are built by laying bricks or stones on protective sleeve mold bottom annulus 10; be built into annulus around annulus, build four layers of brick from bottom to up altogether to complete the making of protective sleeve furnace lining 9.The height of protective sleeve is 920mm.Finally be less than filling dry granularity between mould and alumina brick liner≤aluminium oxide of 5mm forms protective sleeve heat-insulation layer 8, namely obtains protective sleeve part.
Be placed on by protective sleeve on body of heater and namely obtain whole crucible, carry out the reaction of VAl55 alloy 500kg alloy pig with this crucible, the alloy property of generation is stablized, and composition and performance all can reach requirement, and alloy production cost there has also been and reduces largely.Following table is the chemical composition of the VAl55 alloy utilizing this combined type crucible to produce.
| Element | V | Al | Fe | Si | C | O |
| Rower | 55-60 | Surplus | ≤0.35 | ≤0.3 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.2 |
| Measured value | 57.8 | 41.9 | 0.168 | 0.173 | 0.004 | 0.008 |
Embodiment two
Oven body part: first understructure steel mold 1 is placed smooth, one deck magnesia brick is spread to form base liner permanent layer 2 on the upside of mold base, and adjust gap and make its marshalling, then on the alumina brick of side paving horizontal paving one deck alumina brick to complete the making of displacement layer 3.After determining stool central point, draw the circle that diameter is 1000mm, Stove body moudle is set to and then standard type and blade type alumina brick are stood up ring by base mould 4 is built into circular, build two-layer brick from bottom to up by laying bricks or stones, namely obtain furnace lining 6.Oven body part height is 460mm.By granularity be≤the aluminium oxide slag of the drying of 5mm fills up between structural steel mould and alumina liner and forms insulating layer of furnace body 5, namely obtains whole furnace binding.
Protective sleeve part: protective sleeve mould 7 is placed on level land; determine the center of circle at mould inside and draw the circle that diameter is 1020mm; then standard type alumina brick and blade type alumina brick are built by laying bricks or stones on protective sleeve mold bottom annulus 10; build into annulus by laying bricks or stones around circle, build five layers of brick from bottom to up altogether to complete the making of protective sleeve furnace lining 9.The height of protective sleeve is 1150mm.Finally be less than filling dry granularity between mould and alumina brick liner≤aluminium oxide of 5mm forms protective sleeve heat-insulation layer 8, namely obtains protective sleeve part.
Be placed on by protective sleeve on body of heater and namely obtain whole crucible, carry out the reaction of VAl55 alloy 500kg alloy pig with this crucible, the alloy property of generation is stablized, and composition and performance all can reach requirement, and alloy production cost there has also been and reduces largely.Following table is the chemical composition of the VAl55 alloy utilizing this combined type crucible to produce.
| Element | V | Al | Fe | Si | C | O |
| Rower | 55-60 | Surplus | ≤0.35 | ≤0.3 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.2 |
| Measured value | 57.5 | 42.2 | 0.136 | 0.163 | 0.011 | 0.010 |
Embodiment three
Oven body part: first understructure steel mold 1 is placed smooth, one deck magnesia brick is spread to form base liner permanent layer 2 on the upside of mold base, and adjust gap and make its marshalling, then on the magnesia brick of side paving horizontal paving one deck alumina brick to complete the making of displacement layer 3.After determining stool central point, draw the circle that diameter is 1000mm, Stove body moudle is set to and then standard type and blade type alumina brick are stood up ring by base mould 4 is built into circular, build four layers of brick from bottom to up by laying bricks or stones, namely obtain furnace lining 6.Oven body part height is 920mm.By granularity be≤the aluminium oxide slag of the drying of 5mm fills up between structural steel mould and alumina liner and forms insulating layer of furnace body 5, namely obtains whole furnace binding.
Protective sleeve part: protective sleeve mould 7 is placed on level land; determine the center of circle at mould inside and draw the circle that diameter is 1020mm; then standard type alumina brick and blade type alumina brick are built by laying bricks or stones on protective sleeve mold bottom annulus 10; build into annulus by laying bricks or stones around circle, build three layers of brick from bottom to up altogether to complete the making of protective sleeve furnace lining 9.The height of protective sleeve is 690mm.Finally be less than filling dry granularity between mould and alumina brick liner≤aluminium oxide of 5mm forms protective sleeve heat-insulation layer 8, namely obtains protective sleeve part.
Be placed on by protective sleeve on body of heater and namely obtain whole crucible, carry out VAl55 alloy reaction with this crucible, the alloy property of generation is stablized, and composition and performance all can reach requirement, and alloy production cost there has also been and reduces largely.Following table is the chemical composition of the VAl55 alloy utilizing this combined type crucible to produce.
| Element | V | Al | Fe | Si | C | O |
| Rower | 55-60 | Surplus | ≤0.35 | ≤0.3 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.2 |
| Measured value | 57.6 | 42.1 | 0.187 | 0.186 | 0.003 | 0.014 |
Claims (9)
1. prepare a crucible for contained aluminium-base intermediate alloy for aluminothermic process, it is characterized in that: comprise base, lower volume and top protective sleeve three parts stacked successively from bottom to up;
Base comprises bottom outermost layer plate-like structure steel mold (1), plate-like structure steel mold (1) upper surface is provided with base liner permanent layer (2), and base liner permanent layer (2) is provided with base liner displacement layer (3); Body of heater comprises the upper and lower both ends open of outermost layer, barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4), barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) inner surface is provided with wall lining layer (6), is provided with insulating layer of furnace body (5) in wall lining layer (6);
Protective sleeve comprises the upper and lower both ends open of outermost layer, barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7), barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) inner surface is provided with protective sleeve wall lining layer (9), is provided with protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8) in protective sleeve wall lining layer (9);
The barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater is placed in plate-like structure steel mold (1) top, the platy structure that base liner permanent layer (2) and base liner displacement layer (3) they are radial section circle, and they are placed in barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) inside of body of heater and coaxially arrange with the barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater; Wall lining layer (6) and insulating layer of furnace body (5) are placed in base liner displacement layer (3) top;
Barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) is placed in barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) top of body of heater, and barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) is coaxially arranged with the barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater.
2. crucible as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Protective sleeve wall lining layer (9) is placed in wall lining layer (6) top, and protective sleeve wall lining layer (9) and wall lining layer (6) are coaxially arranged;
Protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8) is placed in insulating layer of furnace body (5) top, and protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8) and insulating layer of furnace body (5) are coaxially arranged.
3. crucible as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Base liner permanent layer (2) is built by laying bricks or stones by magnesia brick to form, and base displacement layer (3), body of heater wall lining layer (6) and protective sleeve wall lining layer (9) are built by laying bricks or stones by alumina brick and formed;
Structural steel mold materials is carbon structural steel;
Thermite reaction mainly carries out in oven body part, and protective sleeve plays the effect preventing melt from splashing and overflowing when reacting;
Described protective sleeve and base permanent layer can repeatedly use, and base displacement layer can be reused 3-4 time.
4. crucible as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that:
Described barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) bottom open end is radially provided with the annular base (10) that can be born insulation material and liner weight.
5. crucible as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
The barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of plate-like structure steel mold (1), body of heater, barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) form the Alloy-steel mold of crucible jointly; The barrel-shaped structural steel mould (4) of body of heater is highly 460mm-920mm, and barrel-shaped protective sleeve structural steel mould (7) is highly 920mm-1380mm.
6. crucible as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that:
The liner alumina brick of described crucible is made by the accessory substance aluminium oxide slag being prepared vananum by thermite reaction, and its alumina content is 80%-95%; Alumina brick has two kinds of sizes, and one is of a size of standard size brick, its physical dimension 230 × 114 × 65mm, and another is trapezoidal brick, and its physical dimension is 230 × 114 × 65/45mm;
Wall lining layer to be built by laying bricks or stones around the circle of required diameter by the standard type alumina brick of the alumina brick of two types and trapezoidal alumina brick to form; Described alumina brick has good heat resistanceheat resistant and to shake performance, can reuse 4-7 time.
7. crucible as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that:
In described magnesia brick, magnesian purity is between 85%-95%, Si content≤6%, Fe content≤1%; Na
2o≤1%, CaO≤1%, other constituent content is all less than 0.5%.
8. the crucible as described in claim 2 or 7, is characterized in that:
Described base liner lower floor is magnesia brick permanent layer, magnesia brick side paving or horizontal paving, and permanent layer can repeatedly use, and when tearing stove open without the need to removing, the Main Function of permanent layer is that when preventing reaction, metal liquid wears stove; Base liner upper strata is the displacement layer that alumina brick is built by laying bricks or stones, the horizontal paving of alumina brick, needs to remove when tearing stove open after every secondary response.
9. crucible as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
The aluminium oxide slag that the insulation material of described insulating layer of furnace body (5) and protective sleeve heat-insulation layer (8) is less than 5mm by granularity forms; Aluminium oxide slag is the accessory substance adopting aluminothermic process to prepare vananum.
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| CN108149039A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-06-12 | 河钢股份有限公司承德分公司 | A kind of aircraft-grade vanadium-aluminum alloy process units and the method using its production aircraft-grade vanadium-aluminum alloy |
| CN111719059B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-12-28 | 新疆众和股份有限公司 | Preparation method of fine-grain high-purity aluminum-silicon-copper alloy target blank for sputtering |
| CN113606941A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-05 | 江苏隆达超合金航材有限公司 | Brick crucible for vacuum induction furnace and preparation method thereof |
| CN114702848A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-07-05 | 河钢承德钒钛新材料有限公司 | Coating slurry for graphite crucible and preparation and application methods thereof |
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