CN106145964B - Dry ramming material for large ladle bottom working lining - Google Patents
Dry ramming material for large ladle bottom working lining Download PDFInfo
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- CN106145964B CN106145964B CN201510125543.0A CN201510125543A CN106145964B CN 106145964 B CN106145964 B CN 106145964B CN 201510125543 A CN201510125543 A CN 201510125543A CN 106145964 B CN106145964 B CN 106145964B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dry ramming mass for a large ladle bottom working lining, which comprises 60-80 wt% of white corundum or tabular corundum, 5-15 wt% of alpha-alumina micro powder or corundum dust removal powder, 5-15 wt% of magnesia fine powder, 5-20 wt% of aluminum-magnesium spinel fine powder and 0.2-1.5 wt% of sintering aid. The ramming material overcomes the defects that the service life of the ladle bottom working lining is reduced because the structural stress of the conventional refractory material cannot be released and digested by itself in the using process and the structural peeling is generated, reduces the energy consumption of the castable material which needs to be baked for a long time, and avoids the waste of the refractory material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dry ramming material for a large ladle bottom working lining.
Background
The ladle, i.e. the ladle, generally refers to a large ladle with a volume weight of more than 120 tons of molten steel, and is mainly used for receiving molten steel and pouring in a converter or an electric furnace in a steel plant and a foundry, and is mainly responsible for double tasks of carrying molten steel and performing external refining. The steel-making technology is continuously developed, the smelting temperature is increased, the continuous casting ratio is increased, the residence time of molten steel in a ladle is prolonged, and especially the requirements of external refining LF and RH processes on the lining of the ladle are more and more strict. The large-scale ladle bottom refractory working lining has a complex structure, and the arrangement of the bottom impact area precast block, the air brick and the nozzle pocket brick restricts the change of the structure of the bottom refractory working lining, so that the temperature distribution and the stress distribution of the bottom refractory working lining are complicated. Because the steel ladle bottom working lining refractory material is in a plane strictly limited by a steel ladle shell, the steel ladle bottom refractory material is damaged in use, except for scouring erosion of high-temperature molten steel and slag, the steel ladle bottom working lining refractory material also has damage caused by stripping, cracking and steel infiltration, and the stripping, cracking and steel infiltration of the steel ladle bottom refractory material are reasons for severe temperature change in use and volume effect generated by physicochemical reaction of the refractory material at high temperature. For large-sized steel ladles, the accumulated effect of the volume effect of the refractory materials at high temperature enables the refractory materials at the bottom of the steel ladle to be more prone to peeling, cracking and steel infiltration damage.
Generally speaking, the ladle bottom refractory material has reasonable thermal expansion rate, avoids the generation of cracks and prevents steel infiltration; has higher slag resistance and anti-scouring performance, so that the ladle bottom working lining has long service life. The refractory material of the ladle bottom working lining mainly comprises high-alumina, aluminum-magnesium-carbon, agalmatolite-SiC and high-purity aluminum spinel or aluminum-magnesium, and the construction form of the material is generally pouring molding by using a pouring material or building molding by using prefabricated parts (bricks). In recent years, corundum-spinel castable or precast blocks are commonly used at the bottom of large-sized steel ladles, particularly steel ladles for smelting low-carbon steel, ultra-low-carbon steel and clean steel in many steel mills at home and abroad to realize the stabilization of the service life of the steel ladles and reduce the consumption of refractory materials.
The bottom of the ladle is prepared by adopting a pouring material, and calcium aluminate cement and rho-Al are generally adopted2O3As a binding agent, patent ZL200410017481.3 also discloses that a large ladle bottom refractory material adopts a magnesium binding agent, and all the refractory materials need to be added with 4-7 wt% of water, after the castable is cast and molded, the refractory material needs to be maintained at room temperature for more than 12 hours, so that the binding agent and the water are in hydration reaction to generate binding strength, before the ladle is used, the added water needs to be completely removed, so the ladle needs to be baked from low temperature to high temperature, and the ladle bottom is used as the lowermost area of the ladle, the thickness of the ladle bottom is greater than that of a ladle wall working layer, so the baking of the ladle bottom becomes a limiting link of the baking of the ladle, generally, the ladle needs to be baked for 40 or more hours from room temperature to high temperature (more than 800 ℃), and a large amount of fuel needs to be spent in the baking process of the; the prefabricated parts and the bricks are generally baked on production sites, the baking requirement is lower than that of castable when the prefabricated parts and the bricks are used, but brick seams exist, the overall performance of a lining material is lower than that of the castable, and when a ladle bottom is built again, the residual bricks cannot be peeled and sheathed and poured like the castable and must be completely replaced, so that a great deal of material waste is caused. In addition, the casting material and the prefabricated part form a compact whole when in useWhen structural stress is generated, the material cannot digest the stress, stress accumulation is generated, and along with the increase of the stress accumulation, when the accumulated stress is greater than the self-bonding strength of the material, the structure of the substrate working substrate is peeled off, and the service life of the material is shortened. At present, when a working lining of a ladle bottom is made of corundum-spinel material, the influence of structural stress on the service life of the material is greater than the influence caused by ladle slag iron corrosion.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a dry ramming mass for a large ladle bottom working lining, which overcomes the defects that the service life of the ladle bottom working lining is reduced because the structural stress of the conventional refractory cannot be released and digested by itself in the using process and the structure is peeled off, reduces the energy consumption of the castable which needs to be baked for a long time, and avoids the waste of the refractory.
In order to solve the technical problem, the dry ramming mass for the large steel ladle bottom working lining comprises 60-80 wt% of white corundum or tabular corundum, 5-15 wt% of alpha-alumina micro powder or corundum dust removal powder, 5-15 wt% of magnesia fine powder, 5-20 wt% of aluminum-magnesium spinel fine powder and 0.2-1.5 wt% of sintering aid.
Further, the white corundum or plate-shaped corundum comprises 5-10 wt% of white corundum or plate-shaped corundum with the particle size of 5-3 mm, 30-40 wt% of white corundum or plate-shaped corundum with the particle size of 3-1 mm, 20-35 wt% of white corundum or plate-shaped corundum with the particle size of 1-0.154 mm and 5-15 wt% of white corundum or plate-shaped corundum with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.154 mm.
Furthermore, the grain diameter of the alpha-alumina micro powder or corundum dust removal powder is less than or equal to 2 mu m.
Further, the magnesite fine powder is 97-grade high-purity magnesite powder, and the particle size of the magnesite fine powder is less than or equal to 63 mu m.
Further, the fine aluminum-magnesium spinel powder is high-purity sintered fine aluminum-magnesium spinel powder, wherein the content of aluminum oxide is 75-85 wt%, and the particle size of the fine aluminum-magnesium spinel powder is less than or equal to 63 mu m.
Further, the sintering aid is boric anhydride.
The dry ramming mass for the large ladle bottom working lining adopts the technical scheme, namely the ramming mass comprises 60-80 wt% of white corundum or tabular corundum, 5-15 wt% of alpha-alumina micro powder or corundum dust removal powder, 5-15 wt% of magnesia fine powder, 5-20 wt% of magnesia spinel fine powder and 0.2-1.5 wt% of sintering aid. The ramming material overcomes the defects that the service life of the ladle bottom working lining is reduced because the structural stress of the conventional refractory material cannot be released and digested by itself in the using process and the structural peeling is generated, reduces the energy consumption of the castable material which needs to be baked for a long time, and avoids the waste of the refractory material.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and embodiments:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a crucible after being slag-resistant with a ramming mass according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the crucible after being slag-resistant for the ramming mass of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the crucible after being slag-resistant for the ramming mass of example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the crucible after being slag-resistant for the ramming mass of example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the crucible after being slag-resistant for the ramming mass of example 5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The dry ramming mass for the large ladle bottom working lining comprises 60-80 wt% of white corundum or tabular corundum, 5-15 wt% of alpha-alumina micro powder or corundum dust removal powder, 5-15 wt% of magnesia fine powder, 5-20 wt% of aluminum-magnesium spinel fine powder and 0.2-1.5 wt% of sintering aid.
Further, the white corundum or plate-shaped corundum comprises 5-10 wt% of white corundum or plate-shaped corundum with the particle size of 5-3 mm, 30-40 wt% of white corundum or plate-shaped corundum with the particle size of 3-1 mm, 20-35 wt% of white corundum or plate-shaped corundum with the particle size of 1-0.154 mm and 5-15 wt% of white corundum or plate-shaped corundum with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.154 mm.
Preferably, the grain diameter of the alpha-alumina micro powder or corundum dust removal powder is less than or equal to 2 mu m.
Preferably, the magnesite fine powder is 97-grade high-purity magnesite powder, and the particle size of the magnesite fine powder is less than or equal to 63 mu m.
Preferably, the fine aluminum-magnesium spinel powder is high-purity sintered fine aluminum-magnesium spinel powder, wherein the content of aluminum oxide is 75-85 wt%, and the particle size of the fine aluminum-magnesium spinel powder is less than or equal to 63 mu m.
Preferably, the sintering aid is boric anhydride.
The ramming material selects the currently adopted aluminate spinel material with the best application performance as a main material, uses boric anhydride as a sintering aid, does not need to add any water or other bonding agents in the using process, and is directly rammed into a packing bottom working lining by a dry method for use. The material does not introduce moisture during preparation and molding, so that the energy consumption caused by long-time baking for discharging moisture of the existing material is reduced; the sintering aid generates bonding strength when the steel ladle is baked to be more than 350 ℃, the sintering aid starts to melt and diffuses to the surface of the ladle bottom, the strength of the surface material of the ladle bottom is promoted to be increased, the use requirement of the steel ladle is met, and the position of the inner part far away from the working surface is still of a ramming loose structure due to the factor of temperature gradient; when the ladle is used, the heat of the molten steel is transferred to the ladle bottom working lining material, so that the surface of the working lining material is sintered to prevent the molten steel and slag from permeating, and the temperature gradient exists from the contact surface of the ladle bottom working lining and the molten steel to the inside of the working lining due to the loose structure and poor thermal conductivity inside the working lining material, so that the whole working lining forms a structure from the contact with the molten steel surface to the inside, namely from compact to semi-compact to loose, and the structural stress generated by using the ladle bottom working lining is absorbed by the loose part inside the working lining, and the structural stress is eliminated; and as the surface material of the working lining is gradually consumed, the working lining of the ladle bottom becomes thin, but still has a structure from the part contacting the steel water surface to the inside, namely, from compact to semi-compact to loose, and when the thickness of the working lining of the ladle bottom is less than 60mm or the service life of the working lining of the ladle bottom is reached due to other reasons of the ladle, the working lining of the ladle bottom is maintained or a new working lining of the ladle bottom is made. When a new ladle bottom working lining is repaired or manufactured again, only one layer of compact material on the surface contacting with the molten steel needs to be removed, and the residual material can still be reused.
The bag bottom working lining made of the ramming material reduces the need of removing moisture before the use of the prior bag bottom working liningThe energy consumption overcomes the structural peeling caused by the fact that the structural stress can not be released in the using process, and no CaO or SiO is contained2The addition of the bonding agent improves the purity of the ladle bottom working lining material, improves the erosion resistance of molten steel and molten slag of the ladle bottom working lining material, and correspondingly prolongs the service life; when a new substrate wrapping working lining is prepared, new materials can be added for ramming and forming only by removing the compact layer materials on the surface of the original working lining, and the residual semi-compact layer and loose layer materials can still be reserved for use. The ramming material can be suitable for the requirements of ultra-low carbon steel and general clean steel grades on steel ladle refractory materials, can reduce the grade of the materials and be used for small-sized steel ladles, is particularly suitable for the places difficult to realize baking in winter in the north, and improves the turnover efficiency of the steel ladles.
The ramming material is convenient for preparing a ladle bottom working lining, all materials of the ramming material are used as raw materials, a stirrer is added to stir and mix uniformly, and dry ramming molding is carried out on the ladle bottom of a ladle to be used.
The raw material formulation of the ramming mass of examples 1-5 is shown in Table 1, the properties of the ramming mass of examples 1-5 are shown in Table 2, and the cross-sectional views of the crucible after slag resistance of the ramming mass of examples 1-5 are shown in FIGS. 1-5.
TABLE 1 examples 1-5 raw material ratios
Table 2 properties of the materials of examples 1-5
As shown in table 2 and fig. 1 to 5, after the working lining of the present bag bottom is fired by the dry ramming mass at 1600 ℃ for 3 hours, no dense bonding is formed inside the material, the bonding degree from the surface to the internal material is from dense to semi-dense to loose, and the internal loose structure can absorb the structural stress generated on the surface of the digested material when used at high temperature; the material has good erosion resistance, and can resist the erosion of molten steel and slag in the use process.
Claims (3)
1. A dry-type ramming mass for a large-scale ladle bottom working lining is characterized in that: the ramming material comprises the following components: 60-80 wt% of white corundum or tabular corundum, 5-15 wt% of alpha-alumina micro powder or corundum dust removal powder, 5-15 wt% of magnesia fine powder, 5-20 wt% of aluminum-magnesium spinel fine powder and 0.2-1.5 wt% of sintering aid;
the white corundum comprises 5-10 wt% of white corundum with the particle size of 5-3 mm, 30-40 wt% of white corundum with the particle size of 3-1 mm, 20-35 wt% of white corundum with the particle size of 1-0.154 mm and 5-15 wt% of white corundum with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.154 mm;
the plate-shaped corundum comprises 5-10 wt% of plate-shaped corundum with the particle size of 5-3 mm, 30-40 wt% of plate-shaped corundum with the particle size of 3-1 mm, 20-35 wt% of plate-shaped corundum with the particle size of 1-0.154 mm and 5-15 wt% of plate-shaped corundum with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.154 mm;
the grain diameter of the alpha-alumina micro powder or corundum dust removal powder is less than or equal to 2 mu m;
the particle size of the magnesite fine powder is less than or equal to 63 mu m;
the particle size of the fine powder of the aluminum-magnesium spinel is less than or equal to 63 mu m;
the sintering aid is boric anhydride.
2. The dry ramming mass for large ladle bottom work liners according to claim 1, wherein: the magnesite fine powder is 97 high-purity grade.
3. The dry ramming mass for large ladle bottom work liners according to claim 1, wherein: the fine aluminum-magnesium spinel powder is high-purity sintered fine aluminum-magnesium spinel powder, wherein the content of aluminum oxide is 75-85 wt%.
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| CN108298947B (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2020-10-30 | 淮阴师范学院 | Attapulgite ceramic membrane support, preparation method and application of boron-containing sintering aid |
| CN110304909A (en) * | 2019-07-21 | 2019-10-08 | 山东耐火材料集团有限公司 | Hot investment casting intermediate frequency furnace dry materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN110776312A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-02-11 | 山东耀华特耐科技有限公司 | Cement-free castable |
| CN111470855B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2022-12-13 | 北京瑞普同创科技发展有限公司 | Tundish impact plate resistant to molten steel scouring and preparation method and construction method thereof |
| CN112794702A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-14 | 上海利尔耐火材料有限公司 | Steel ladle wall castable containing white corundum dust removal powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN115124356A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-09-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Furnace bottom dry-type ramming material for magnesia-alumina electric furnace |
| CN113336535B (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2022-01-07 | 北京利尔高温材料股份有限公司 | High-thermal-shock-resistance low-carbon aluminum-magnesium spinel carbon brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN115925398A (en) * | 2023-01-19 | 2023-04-07 | 湖北安耐捷新材料科技有限公司 | Aluminum-magnesium dry-type ramming mass for medium-frequency induction furnace and preparation method thereof |
| CN116715531A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-09-08 | 山东泰润冶金技术有限公司 | Neutral dry ramming mass for cast steel intermediate frequency furnace |
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| CN104418601A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2015-03-18 | 张银亮 | Medium-frequency furnace ramming material |
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