CN104132332B - 一种热回收系统 - Google Patents

一种热回收系统 Download PDF

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CN104132332B
CN104132332B CN201410396338.3A CN201410396338A CN104132332B CN 104132332 B CN104132332 B CN 104132332B CN 201410396338 A CN201410396338 A CN 201410396338A CN 104132332 B CN104132332 B CN 104132332B
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flue gas
condensate
pipe
air
water
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CN104132332A (zh
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贺维新
郝庆
刘玉胜
吴凤云
洪黎明
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China National Offshore Oil Corp CNOOC
China Offshore Oil Bohai Co Ltd
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China Offshore Oil Bohai Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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Abstract

针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种燃气低温烟气全热回收系统,供暖系统的高温热用户和中温热用户分级串联连接,潜水泵与高温水母管管道天然气入口管管道连接天然气燃烧设备,高温烟道连接节能器与天然气燃烧设备,低温烟道连接间壁式换热器与节能器,三个间壁式换热器按烟气流向顺次串联连接,烟气凝结水离心分离器与间壁式换热器切向连接,烟道出口段与烟气凝结水离心分离器的中心相连接,烟气凝结水离心分离器的底部连接集水井,集水井底部管道连接凝结水管和放水管。本发明作为一种用于燃气低温烟气的全热回收系统,具有结构简单、运行调节方便、节能效果显著等特点。

Description

一种热回收系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种能源回收系统,尤其涉及一种燃气低温烟气的全热回收系统,属于换热技术领域。
背景技术
现有天然气燃烧装置的排烟温度很高,由于天然气含氢较多,燃烧生成的水蒸汽也比较多,为了回收烟气显热和水蒸汽的潜热,通常在烟道加设省煤器、空气预热器以及喷淋装置等来回收热量,加装省煤器和空气预热器是通过间壁式换热装置回收,由于空气的比热比较低,很难利用空气预热器回收烟气中的水蒸汽潜热,通常烟温降低到50℃左右排放,这样,烟气中的部分显热和潜热得到回收利用,但是,50℃左右的燃气烟气仍然含有一半左右的潜热没有回收。对于喷淋装置回收热量,如CN201120133195.9公开了一种“利用吸收式热泵回收烟气余热的集中供热系统”,采用烟气与水进行直接接触换热来回收烟气余热,由于此系统采用吸收式热泵机组,占地面积比较大,施工要求也比较高。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明所要解决的技术问题是:提供一种燃气低温烟气全热回收系统,该回收装置是湿空气与烟气进行间壁式换热,通过在空气中加入细水雾,利用细水雾的蒸发和空气温度的升高,将低温烟气中的显热和潜热进行深度回收,即低温烟气的温度进一步降低,低温烟气中的水蒸汽再进一步凝结释放潜热,烟气中水蒸汽凝结成水之后通过重力和离心力的作用搜集起来通过凝结水泵送到细水雾喷头。该燃气低温烟气全热回收系统特别适合低温环境运行的燃气设备。
本发明解决所述技术问题的技术方案是:设计一种燃气低温烟气全热回收系统,包括天然气入口管、天然气燃烧设备、高温烟道、节能器、低温烟道、间壁式换热器、烟气凝结水离心分离器、烟道出口段、集水井、凝结水泵、放水管、放水阀、凝结水管、细水雾控制阀、细水雾喷头、空气与细水雾混合室、空气入口接头、空气出口接头、空气管、节能器凝结水管、被加热工质入口管、被加热工质连接管、被加热工质出口管,天然气入口管管道连接天然气燃烧设备,高温烟道连接节能器与天然气燃烧设备,低温烟道连接间壁式换热器与节能器,三个间壁式换热器按烟气流向顺次串联连接,空气与细水雾混合室内安装细水雾喷头,烟气凝结水离心分离器与间壁式换热器切向连接,烟道出口段与烟气凝结水离心分离器的中心相连接,烟气凝结水离心分离器的底部连接集水井,集水井底部管道连接凝结水管和放水管。
所述凝结水管上安装细水雾控制阀,细水雾喷头安装在空气与细水雾混合室内的凝结水管上。
所述凝结水管上安装有凝结水泵。
与现有技术相比,本发明把烟气经过空气冷却产生的冷凝水通过水泵和细水雾喷嘴变为细水雾,然后细水雾与空气混合进入间壁式换热器的空气通道,通过间壁式换热器的热交换,烟气中的水蒸汽冷凝,空气中的细水雾蒸发,通过这样,烟气中的水蒸汽的潜热就变为空气中的水蒸汽潜热,带入燃气设备燃烧,水蒸汽吸收热量降低燃烧温度,可降低污染物氮氧化物(NOx)的生成,同时水蒸汽为三原子气体,加强了气体辐射,强化燃气设备的辐射热交换,燃气燃烧烟气进入节能器后,烟气被冷却,水蒸汽变为冷凝水析出,使得烟气中剩下的未凝结的水蒸汽为该温度下的饱和含湿量,这样,进入间壁式换热器的水蒸汽量不变,始终是节能器出口温度下的饱和含湿量,通过间壁式换热器回收的水蒸汽经过燃气燃烧设备,进入节能器冷凝成水,增加了节能器的凝结水量。因此,通过间壁式换热器回收了低温烟气的一部分显热和潜热,使得排烟温度进一步降低。本发明作为一种用于燃气低温烟气的全热回收系统,具有结构简单、运行调节方便、节能效果显著等特点。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种热回收系统的系统图。
具体实施方式:
下面结合实施例及其附图进一步叙述本发明。
本发明设计的一种燃气低温烟气全热回收系统(参见图1),包括天然气入口管1,天然气燃烧设备2,高温烟道3,节能器4,低温烟道5,间壁式换热器6,烟气凝结水离心分离器7,烟道出口段8,集水井9,凝结水泵10,放水管11,放水阀12,凝结水管13,细水雾控制阀14,细水雾喷头15,空气与细水雾混合室16,空气入口接头17,空气出口接头18,空气管19,节能器凝结水管20,被加热工质入口管21,被加热工质连接管22,被加热工质出口管23。
本发明未述及之处适用于现有技术。
下面给出本发明供暖系统的具体实施例。具体实施例仅用于具体说明本发明燃气低温烟气全热回收系统,不构成对本发明权利要求的限制。
实施例1:
本实施例设计的燃气低温烟气全热回收系统,天然气入口管1管道连接天然气燃烧设备2,高温烟道3连接节能器4与天然气燃烧设备2,低温烟道5连接间壁式换热器6与节能器4,三个间壁式换热器6按烟气流向顺次串联连接,烟气凝结水离心分离器7与间壁式换热器6切向连接,烟道出口段8与烟气凝结水离心分离器7的中心相连接,烟气凝结水离心分离器7的底部连接集水井9,集水井9底部管道连接凝结水管13和放水管11,放水管11上安装放水阀12,凝结水管13上安装凝结水泵10,凝结水管13上安装细水雾控制阀14,控制细水雾喷头15安装在空气与细水雾混合室16内的凝结水管13上,被加热空气从空气入口接头17进入间壁式换热器6,然后通过空气出口接头18到空气管19,进入天然气燃烧设备2,被加热工质通过被加热工质入口管21进入节能器4,被加热工质与高温烟气在节能器4中进行热交换之后,通过被加热工质连接管22进入天然气燃烧设备2,之后通过被加热工质出口管23排出,高温烟气中的水蒸汽在节能器4中部分被冷凝成凝结水,由节能器凝结水管20排出。(参见图1)
本实施例所述低温烟道5内的烟气温度为50℃,经过间壁式换热器6之后,烟气温度为30℃,烟气入口水蒸汽的体积百分比为12.3%,烟气出口水蒸汽的体积百分比为4.2%,空气入口温度5℃,空气出口温度42℃,空气出口水蒸汽的体积百分比7.1%,高温烟道3内烟气中水蒸汽的体积百分比为21.8%。
实施例2:
本实施例设计的燃气低温烟气全热回收系统基本同于实施例1。其区别在于被加热空气的温度不同,通过调节细水雾控制阀14来控制喷入间壁式换热器6空气侧中的水量。本实施例所述低温烟道5内的烟气温度为50℃,经过间壁式换热器6之后,烟气温度为30℃,烟气入口水蒸汽的体积百分比为12.3%,烟气出口水蒸汽的体积百分比为4.2%,空气入口温度-20℃,空气出口温度38℃,空气出口水蒸汽的体积百分比6.0%,高温烟道3内烟气中水蒸汽的体积百分比为20.8%。

Claims (1)

1.一种热回收系统,包括天然气入口管、天然气燃烧设备、高温烟道、节能器、低温烟道、间壁式换热器、烟气凝结水离心分离器、烟道出口段、集水井、凝结水泵、放水管、放水阀、凝结水管、细水雾控制阀、细水雾喷头、空气与细水雾混合室、空气入口接头、空气出口接头、空气管、节能器凝结水管、被加热工质入口管、被加热工质连接管、被加热工质出口管,其特征在于:天然气入口管连接天然气燃烧设备,高温烟道连接节能器与天然气燃烧设备,低温烟道连接间壁式换热器与节能器,三个间壁式换热器按烟气流向顺次串联连接,烟气凝结水离心分离器与间壁式换热器切向连接,烟道出口段与烟气凝结水离心分离器的中心相连接,烟气凝结水离心分离器的底部连接集水井,集水井底部管道连接凝结水管和放水管,凝结水管上安装凝结水泵,凝结水管上安装细水雾控制阀,细水雾喷头安装在空气与细水雾混合室内的凝结水管上,集水井的凝结水通过凝结水管的凝结水泵、细水雾控制阀、细水雾喷头进入空气与细水雾混合室,被加热空气从空气入口接头进入间壁式换热器,空气与细水雾喷头出口的细水雾在空气与细水雾混合室混合后,经过间壁式换热器换热,再通过空气出口接头到空气管,进入天然气燃烧设备,被加热工质通过被加热工质入口管进入节能器,被加热工质与高温烟气在节能器中进行热交换之后,通过被加热工质连接管进入天然气燃烧设备,之后通过被加热工质出口管排出,高温烟气中的水蒸汽在节能器中部分被冷凝成凝结水,由节能器凝结水管排出。
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