CN104123227A - Method for automatically generating testing cases - Google Patents
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- CN104123227A CN104123227A CN201410397663.1A CN201410397663A CN104123227A CN 104123227 A CN104123227 A CN 104123227A CN 201410397663 A CN201410397663 A CN 201410397663A CN 104123227 A CN104123227 A CN 104123227A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for automatically generating testing cases. The method includes the steps of building a testing case management platform to control generation of the testing cases, wherein the testing case management platform comprises a control layer, a service logical layer and a data accessing layer; obtaining an operation instruction input by a user; determining testing parameters and data types according to the operation instruction of the user; building testing data on the testing case management platform according to the testing parameters and the data types; calling case templates preset in a testing case template base through the data accessing layer, and automatically rendering the testing data with a case design method according to the case templates to generate the testing cases. The method for automatically generating the testing cases has the advantages that the automation degree is high, and the testing cases are comprehensive, normative, accurate and reasonable; the generating efficiency and the quality of the testing cases are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to software testing technology field, relate in particular to a kind of method of automatic generating test use case.
Background technology
China's intelligent grid enters the all-round construction stage, and the construction of intelligent substation standard is pressed by capital construction transformer station.Along with intelligent substation popularization in China, how to realize more efficiently and accurately the test to digitizing protective device protection logic, more and more come into one's own.Because tested software or system become increasingly complex, be to guarantee test mass, conventionally need design and write a large amount of test cases.Writing of test case occupied very large proportion in whole test job amount, determining the testing efficiency of whole system and quality.
Current Test Sample Design technical ability requires threshold higher, need professional designer to there is higher technical merit and abundant working experience, just can design satisfactory test case, meet the coverage of test, therefore the quality of test case is very high to people's dependence, and test case quality respectively has height because different people writes.And through long-term facts have proved, between each functional module in system under test (SUT), or between system under test (SUT) and system under test (SUT), often because of functional similarity, method for test examples design phase Sihe test case structural similarity, and there is a large amount of closely similar test cases, therefore quite most test case belongs to and repeats to write, for the Automation Design and generating test use case provide may.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method of automatic generating test use case, the efficiency that improves Test Sample Design and write, the designing quality of raising test case.
For solving above technical matters, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method of automatic generating test use case, comprising:
Set up test case management platform to control the generation of test case; Described test case management platform comprises key-course, Business Logic and data access layer;
Obtain the operational order of user's input;
Described key-course, by sending control routine monitoring page jump logical relation, is collected user's request msg, forwards user's request, and controls according to user's operational order the display page that described test case management platform jumps to appointment;
Described Business Logic is monitored the page jump logical relation obtaining according to described key-course, user's operational order is converted into service logic;
Described data access layer comprises test case data storehouse and test case template storehouse, carries out data transmission and storage, and the access control order of control data transmission and storage is carried out to individual packages according to described service logic and described test case data storehouse;
According to user's operational order, determine test parameter and data type; According to described test parameter and described data type, on described test case management platform, construct test data;
By described data access layer, call use-case template default in described test case template storehouse, and according to described use-case template, described test data is played up with generating test use case automatically according to use-case method for designing.
A kind of can implementation in, described use-case method for designing is equivalence class partitioning.
In another can implementation, described use-case method for designing is boundary value analysis method.
In another can implementation, described use-case method for designing is orthogonal experimental design method.
Further, described test case management platform also comprises test data Core Generator;
By described test data Core Generator, the data type of test data is defined and revised, and according to user's operational order typing, modification or deletion test data.
Further, the method for described automatic generating test use case, also comprises: by described test data Core Generator, set up data group, use-case method for designing and the association status of described data group are arranged.
Again further, the method for described automatic generating test use case, also comprises: set up the incidence relation of key word and test case function point, form function point listing file;
Described function point listing file is imported to described test case management platform, and use-case template default in described test case template storehouse chosen in the key word of inputting according to user, and according to the automatic generating test use case of described function point listing file.
Preferably, described test case management platform is provided with multiple user right;
Import described function point listing file on described test case management platform before, judge whether current operation user possesses the use-case design authority based on key word; If active user is the user who possesses the use-case design authority based on key word, according to the automatic generating test use case of described function point listing file.
The method of automatic generating test use case provided by the invention, by setting up test case management platform to control the generation of test case, and test case management platform is divided into key-course, Business Logic and data access layer, by key-course, monitor page jump logical relation, collect user's request msg, forward user's request, and control according to user's operational order the display page that described test case management platform jumps to appointment, by Business Logic, user's operational order is converted into service logic; By data access layer, according to described service logic and test case data storehouse, carry out data transmission and storage, and the access control order of control data transmission and storage is carried out to individual packages; Thereby the present invention can determine test parameter and data type according to user's operational order, on described test case management platform, construct test data, this test data is generated as to needed test case automatically.The present invention has overcome that traditional test case of being undertaken by craft is existing writes the defect that inefficiency and difficult quality are protected, and adopts robotization generation technique, improves formation efficiency and the quality of test case.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of an embodiment of the method for automatic generating test use case provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of data shelf composition of test case management platform provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is flow chart of steps of adding test case in described test case list interface provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is provided by the invention according to a kind of flow chart of steps that can implementation of function point listing file generating test use case.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of steps based on cause-and-effect diagram use-case design method generating test use case provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described.
Referring to Fig. 1, it is the flow chart of steps of an embodiment of the method for automatic generating test use case provided by the invention.
The method of the automatic generating test use case that the present embodiment provides mainly comprises the following steps:
Step S101: set up test case management platform to control the generation of test case.Described test case management platform comprises key-course, Business Logic and data access layer.In the present embodiment, while specifically implementing, adopt bus-type framework to design this test case management platform, can eliminate the technological disparity between different application, allow different application server coordinate operation, realized communication and integration between different services.From function, ESB (Enterprise Service Bus, ESB) provide the tupe of event-driven and document guiding, and distributed operational management mechanism, support content-based route and filtration, the transmittability that has possessed complex data, and a series of standard interface can be provided, provide other system to use.
Step S102: the operational order that obtains user's input.
Step S103: described key-course is by sending control routine monitoring page jump logical relation, collect user's request msg, forward user's request, and control according to user's operational order the display page (Java Server Pages is called for short JSP) that described test case management platform jumps to appointment.Key-course (Command) can comprise service interface layer, represents layer, authentication entitlement management module, security control log management module and ESB (Enterprise Service Bus, ESB) service bus etc., to connect and to control the signal of whole test case management platform, control the duty of test case management platform.In addition, represent layer and also by the various browsers (Internet Explorer) that connect in client, carry out data communication with user.
Step S104: described Business Logic (Service) is monitored the page jump logical relation obtaining according to described key-course, user's operational order is converted into service logic.Service layer is mainly paid close attention to page logic, client's demand is converted into actual service logic and just by Service layer, is realized, wherein authority transaction journal etc. is not that the intersection of pure business is by AOP (Aspect Oriented Programming, towards tangent plane programming) special procedure process, developer's focus is focused on and can be by loaded down with trivial details efficiency that other thing affects.
Step S105: described data access layer comprises test case data storehouse and test case template storehouse, according to described service logic and described test case data storehouse, carry out data transmission and storage, and the access control order of control data transmission and storage is carried out to individual packages.Particularly, data access layer (Data Access Object, be called for short DAO) mainly generate in service logic, need and database between carry out mutual control routine, for example, the present embodiment is to SQL (Structured Query Language, Structured Query Language (SQL)) the corresponding database such as program statement, data storage procedure carries out the encapsulation of the part control routine of data access, and data access layer is detached and independently can realize better transplantability.
Step S106: determine test parameter and data type according to user's operational order; According to described test parameter and described data type, on described test case management platform, construct test data.
Step S107: call use-case template default in described test case template storehouse by described data access layer, and according to described use-case template, described test data is played up with generating test use case automatically according to use-case method for designing.
In the present embodiment, Business Logic is mainly used in doing the work of some validation verifications, with the robustness of better assurance program operation.As complete data interpolation, modification and inquiry business etc.; Do not allow to input null character string in the text box of appointment the whether correct and data type checking of data layout; The validity judgement of user right etc.; By above many judgements, to determine whether will operate, continue to transmit backward, guarantee the normal operation of program as far as possible.The major function of data access layer is to be responsible for the access of database, for realizing the Select (inquiry) to tables of data, Insert (insertion), Update (renewal), the operations such as Delete (deletion).If add the element of ORM (Object-Relational Mapping, Object Relation Mapping), will comprise so the mapping (mapping) between object and tables of data, and the persistence of object entity.Data access layer, briefly, the operations such as SQL statement of by data access layer, database being carried out exactly.
Referring to Fig. 2, it is a kind of data shelf composition of test case management platform provided by the invention.Particularly, need to first set up test case template storehouse 201, for the template of generating test use case; Preferably, described test case management platform also comprises test data Core Generator 202; By described test data Core Generator, the data type of test data is defined and revised, and according to user's operational order typing, modification or deletion test data, therefore can be according to the rule generation test data of user preset; In addition, need to set in advance test case create-rule module 203, user need to, according to the needs of test occasion, adopt corresponding use-case method for designing, for example equivalence class partitioning.More than having completed after the preparation of three parts, gather three's effect can be in batches generating test use case automatically, as the test case 1 in Fig. 2, test case 2 ..., test case N.All test cases are finally aggregated into the test case management end in test case management platform 204, thereby realize unified management and scheduling to test case and use-case data.
The test data that the present embodiment produces by test data Core Generator 202 can be applied in test management platform 204, through calling the test case template in test case template storehouse 201, according to module 203, select corresponding method for test examples design, by test data robotization Mass production, be a plurality of test cases, to meet the demand of software test.Further, the present embodiment can be set up data group by described test data Core Generator, and use-case method for designing and the association status of described data group are arranged.
In a kind of attainable mode, described use-case method for designing is equivalence class partitioning.By equivalence class partitioning, all possible input data of program (effective and invalid) are divided into several equivalence classes, then from each part, choose representative data and reasonably classify as test case; Test case is comprised of the representative of effective equivalence class and invalid equivalence class, thereby guarantees that test case has integrality and representativeness.Utilize this method design test case can not consider the inner structure of program, user's the actual demand description of take is foundation, selects suitable typical subset, serious analysis and weigh every demand of user and find as much as possible mistake.
In the attainable mode of another kind, described use-case method for designing is boundary value analysis method.Boundary value analysis is made further improvement on the basis of equivalence class partitioning.Boundary value analysis method is not from certain equivalence class, at will to choose one as representative, but makes each border of this equivalence class will be as test condition; It not only considers initial conditions, also will consider the test case that output region produces.According to long-term test practical experience, a large amount of software test mistakes is to occur on the border of the scope of inputing or outputing, rather than occurs in the inside of input/output bound.Therefore for various border condition design test case, can be conducive to detect more mistake.
For example, can set up data source table " TPM_BOUNDARY_DATASOURCE ", and its field information is carried out to assignment, as shown in table 1.
Table 1 Boundary value method energy data source table TPM_BOUNDARY_DATASOURCE
| Sequence number | Field name | Field description | Field type | Length | Allow empty |
| 1 | ID | ID | NUMBER | 18 | N |
| 2 | DATAGROUP_ID | Affiliated data group id | NUMBER | 19 | Y |
| 3 | FIELD_NAME | Field name | VARchar2 | 40 | Y |
| 4 | DATATYPE_ID | Data type id | NUMBER | 19 | Y |
| 5 | RANGE | Scope | VARchar2 | 40 | Y |
| 6 | REGULAR | Regular expression | VARchar2 | 40 | Y |
| 7 | CORRECT_COUNT | Positive exact figures | NUMBER | 10 | Y |
| 8 | ERROR_COUNT | Mistake number | NUMBER | 10 | Y |
| 9 | OUTER_COUNT | Number outside border | NUMBER | 10 | Y |
| 10 | BOUNDARY_COUNT | Boundary value number | NUMBER | 10 | Y |
| 11 | CORRECT_VALUE | Right value | VARchar2 | 510 | Y |
| 12 | ERROR_VALUE | Improper value | VARchar2 | 510 | Y |
| 13 | OUTER_VALUE | Outside border | VARchar2 | 510 | Y |
| 14 | BOUNDARY_VALUE | Boundary value | VARchar2 | 510 | Y |
| 15 | CREATE_TIME | Creation-time | TIMESTAMP | 11 | Y |
| 16 | UPDATE_TIME | Modification time | TIMESTAMP | 11 | Y |
Set up Boundary value method result data table " TPM_ORTHOGONAL_DATASOURCE ", as shown in table 2.
Table 2 Boundary value method result data table TPM_BOUNDARY_DATARESULT
| Sequence number | Field name | Field description | Field type | Length | Allow empty |
| 1 | ID | ID | NUMBER | 19 | N |
| 2 | DATAGROUP_ID | Affiliated data group id | NUMBER | 19 | Y |
| 3 | DATA | Data | VARchar2 | 510 | Y |
| 4 | EXPECTED_RESULT | Expected results | VARchar2 | 510 | Y |
| 5 | COLUMN_COUNT | Data columns | NUMBER | 10 | Y |
| 6 | CREATE_TIME | Creation-time | TIMESTAMP | 11 | Y |
| 7 | UPDATE_TIME | Modification time | TIMESTAMP | 11 | Y |
At upper table 1, include 16 field names, table 2 has comprised 6 field names, and and respectively each field name is described, and give different field types and length, whether allow for the definition such as empty.All configuration informations are preset by user, for characterizing the test data generator that meets user's request.Described field information can also comprise the annotation, default value, attribute of this field information, certainly increase the information such as type, constraint.
In another attainable mode, described use-case method for designing is Orthogonal Experiment and Design (Orthogonal experimental design) method.Its design process mainly comprises: 1) determine experimental factor and number of levels; 2) select suitable orthogonal arrage; 3) list testing program and test findings; 4) Orthogonal Experiment and Design result is analyzed, comprised range analysis and variance analysis; 5) determine optimum or more excellent factor level combination.Quadrature Shiyan design method is picked out the representational point of part and is tested from comprehensive test according to orthogonality, be a kind of high-level efficiency, quick, economic experimental design method.
Further, in the middle of concrete enforcement, test case management platform can be set up platform management interface and the user oriented functions such as button are set, the interface that user implements test case management platform by the login of operation setting button, can know by this interface one or more test case libraries that test case data storehouse is provided with.For example, be provided with public use-case storehouse in the data access layer of test case management platform, user enters public use-case list interface when clicking " public use-case " function button of platform, and user can be by the test case in the public use-case of this Interface maintenance storehouse.When needs increase test case newly to public use-case storehouse, the key-course of platform and Business Logic can be by generating the mode of corresponding function button, eject user oriented " interpolation use-case " functional block, user only need arrange the information such as the related test data of test case, quantity type, use-case method for designing, priority level in this functional block, and the backstage of platform can generate public use-case automatically.
As shown in Figure 3, while adding test case in described test case list interface, can comprise the following steps:
Step S301: input use-case information on described test case management platform;
Step S302: test case list interface ejects use-case and adds frame;
Step S303: need to determine whether to add test case data according to user;
Step S304: user's service data is upgraded and preserved.
It should be noted that, described test case management platform is typically provided with multiple user right.User carries out, in the process of data transmission, conventionally need to possessing corresponding operating right between local system and test case management platform.For example, only possess the user who public use-case is examined to administration authority, the public use-case that just can enter platform is examined administration page, browses the directory listing of public use-case and completes examining of test case by corresponding function button.And possess the user of the multiplexing authority of template, enter after the multiplexing page of template of platform can public use-case directory listing, and can carry out reuse plan to test case by choosing corresponding function button.Due to the power of examination and approval having increased public use-case, thereby can different users be limited, avoid the improper operation behavior of some operating personnel that do not possess authority to public use-case management platform, and, can, so that managerial personnel examine newly-increased or amended test case, guarantee quality and the availability of test case.And because user is when designing other test cases, can call existing test case in public use-case storehouse, improve the reusability of test case.Further, user can access test case management platform existing test case in platform is directed into local system, or the test case of local system is directed into test case management platform, has improved formation efficiency and the reusability of test case.
Further, the method for the automatic generating test use case that the present embodiment provides also comprises: set up the incidence relation of key word and test case function point (Function Point), form function point listing file.In concrete software test procedure, can use " function point " to be measured user's that software product offers function.
The present embodiment imports described test case management platform by described function point listing file, and use-case template default in described test case template storehouse chosen in the key word of inputting according to user, and according to the automatic generating test use case of described function point listing file.
Preferably, import described function point listing file on described test case management platform before, judge whether current operation user possesses the use-case design authority based on key word; If active user is the user who possesses the use-case design authority based on key word, according to the automatic generating test use case of described function point listing file.
Particularly, referring to Fig. 4, be provided by the invention according to a kind of flow chart of steps that can implementation of function point listing file generating test use case, this implementation specifically comprises the following steps:
Step S401: import the function point listing file based on key word on described test case management platform;
Step S402: judge whether active user possesses key word use-case design authority;
Step S403: if active user is the user who possesses the design of key word use-case, enter after the key word use-case design page user, eject import feature dot file frame;
Step S404: user is by described function point file frame generating test use case.
Particularly, need to utilize the data framework relation of each layer on side case management platform, on key word use-case step table " TPM_NEW_KEY_CASE_STEP ", pre-set each Step Information of the test case that will generate, as shown in table 3.
Table 3 TPM_NEW_KEY_CASE_STEP
| Sequence number | Field name | Field description | Field type | Length | Allow empty |
| 1 | STEP_ID | ID | NUMBER | 19 | N |
| 2 | TC_ID | Test case ID | NUMBER | 19 | Y |
| 3 | STEP_DESC | Step is described | VARchar2 | 400 | Y |
| 4 | EXPECT_RESULT | Expected results | VARchar2 | 400 | Y |
| 5 | SORT | Step sequence | NUMBER | 19 | Y |
Further by setting up key word use-case module information table " TPM_NEW_KEY_CASE ", the module information based on key word generating test use case is set again, as shown in table 4.
Table 4 TPM_NEW_KEY_CASE
| Sequence number | Field name | Field description | Field type | Length | Allow empty |
| 1 | TC_ID | ID | NUMBER | 19 | N |
| 2 | TQ_ID | Testing requirement ID | NUMBER | 19 | Y |
| 3 | TC_SN | Use-case numbering | VARchar2 | 40 | Y |
| 4 | TC_NAME | Use-case title | VARchar2 | 256 | N |
| 5 | TC_TYPE | Use-case type code | VARchar2 | 20 | Y |
| 6 | TC_DESC | Test case is described | VARchar2 | 2048 | Y |
| 7 | EXECUTE_WAY | Use-case executive mode (M: manual A: automatically) | VARchar2 | 2 | Y |
| 8 | CONDITION | Precondition | VARchar2 | 2048 | Y |
| 9 | STATE | State | VARchar2 | 4 | Y |
| 10 | PRIORITY | Priority | VARchar2 | 20 | Y |
| 11 | RELATE_FLAG | Associated script (Y: associated N: not associated) | VARchar2 | 2 | Y |
| 12 | CREATER | Founder | VARchar2 | 40 | Y |
| 13 | CREATE_ID | Founder ID | NUMBER | 19 | Y |
| 14 | CREATE_TIME | Creation-time | TIMESTAMP | 11 | Y |
| 15 | UPDATE_TIME | Modification time | TIMESTAMP | 11 | Y |
User can be based on table 3 and set test case module information and the Step Information of table 4, automatically generates the test case matching with table 3 and the default information of table 4 by test case management platform.
It should be noted that, the method for automatic generating test use case provided by the invention can also adopt other implementation generating test use cases, as cause-and-effect diagram use-case design method.
Particularly, referring to Fig. 5, be the flow chart of steps based on cause-and-effect diagram use-case design method generating test use case provided by the invention.Specifically comprise:
Step S501: launch " use-case design " tree structure; Described tree structure refers between test case the nonlinear data structure of the tree-like relation that exists " one-to-many ", can facilitate tester to carry out multiplexing or management to numerous test cases on platform.
Step S502: click " design of cause-and-effect diagram use-case " menu and enter cause-and-effect diagram use-case design lists interface;
Step S503: the test case to the design of cause-and-effect diagram method operates and manages; After use-case designs, can carry out the multiplexing of page module and add test case management platform to this use-case;
Step S504: to the inquiry of cause and effect method design use-case, increase newly, delete, refresh and copy.
Therefore, the method for automatic generating test use case provided by the invention can need towards different users, and design has the test case of different characteristics, and formation efficiency is high, and speed is fast and reusability is high.Owing to being operation generating test use case data according to the functional specification of the required system to be tested of user and active user, therefore the test case of obtaining can be more comprehensively, standard, reflect accurately the testing requirement of system to be tested, more reasonable, and due to without tester's hand-coding, greatly reduced tester's workload.
The method of automatic generating test use case provided by the invention, by setting up test case management platform to control the generation of test case, and test case management platform is divided into key-course, Business Logic and data access layer, by key-course, monitor page jump logical relation, collect user's request msg, forward user's request, and control according to user's operational order the display page that described test case management platform jumps to appointment, by Business Logic, user's operational order is converted into service logic; By data access layer, according to described service logic and test case data storehouse, carry out data transmission and storage, and the access control order of control data transmission and storage is carried out to individual packages; Thereby the present invention can determine test parameter and data type according to user's operational order, on described test case management platform, construct test data, this test data is generated as to needed test case automatically.The present invention has overcome that traditional test case of being undertaken by craft is existing writes the defect that inefficiency and difficult quality are protected, and adopts robotization generation technique, improves formation efficiency and the quality of test case.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a method for automatic generating test use case, is characterized in that, comprising:
Set up test case management platform to control the generation of test case; Described test case management platform comprises key-course, Business Logic and data access layer;
Obtain the operational order of user's input;
Described key-course, by sending control routine monitoring page jump logical relation, is collected user's request msg, forwards user's request, and controls according to user's operational order the display page that described test case management platform jumps to appointment;
Described Business Logic is monitored the page jump logical relation obtaining according to described key-course, user's operational order is converted into service logic;
Described data access layer comprises test case data storehouse and test case template storehouse, carries out data transmission and storage, and the access control order of control data transmission and storage is carried out to individual packages according to described service logic and described test case data storehouse;
According to user's operational order, determine test parameter and data type; According to described test parameter and described data type, on described test case management platform, construct test data;
By described data access layer, call use-case template default in described test case template storehouse, and according to described use-case template, described test data is played up with generating test use case automatically according to use-case method for designing.
2. the method for automatic generating test use case as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described use-case method for designing is equivalence class partitioning.
3. the method for automatic generating test use case as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described use-case method for designing is boundary value analysis method.
4. the method for automatic generating test use case as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described use-case method for designing is orthogonal experimental design method.
5. the method for the automatic generating test use case as described in claim 1～4 any one, is characterized in that, described test case management platform also comprises test data Core Generator;
By described test data Core Generator, the data type of test data is defined and revised, and according to user's operational order typing, modification or deletion test data.
6. the method for automatic generating test use case as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, also comprises: by described test data Core Generator, set up data group, use-case method for designing and the association status of described data group are arranged.
7. the method for automatic generating test use case as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, also comprises: set up the incidence relation of key word and test case function point, form function point listing file;
Described function point listing file is imported to described test case management platform, and use-case template default in described test case template storehouse chosen in the key word of inputting according to user, and according to the automatic generating test use case of described function point listing file.
8. the method for automatic generating test use case as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described test case management platform is provided with multiple user right;
Import described function point listing file on described test case management platform before, judge whether current operation user possesses the use-case design authority based on key word; If active user is the user who possesses the use-case design authority based on key word, according to the automatic generating test use case of described function point listing file.
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