CN104120603B - A kind of fabric antistatic additive and fabric antistatic finish technique - Google Patents
A kind of fabric antistatic additive and fabric antistatic finish technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN104120603B CN104120603B CN201410337779.6A CN201410337779A CN104120603B CN 104120603 B CN104120603 B CN 104120603B CN 201410337779 A CN201410337779 A CN 201410337779A CN 104120603 B CN104120603 B CN 104120603B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fabric antistatic additive and fabric antistatic finish technique, using tetraalkyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide and cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide as antistatic additive, it is applied in fabric and has carried out antistatic finish, and their antistatic property is tested, draw the optimal finishing process of two kinds of quaternary ammonium salt antistatic additive, when antistatic additive concentration is 20g/l, soak time is 10min, the time of baking and banking up with earth is 5min, when baking temperature is 160 DEG C, the fabric after arrangement has good antistatic property。
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fabric antistatic additive and fabric antistatic finish technique。
Background technology
The ultimate principle of weaving electrostatic electrification is exactly triboelectrification。Even friction all can be there is to any process being processed into clothes in textile fabric from fiber to cloth, general object is aobvious electroneutral when static, owing to the structure of each object is not quite similar, contact with each other between two objects, thus when producing to rub, owing to electronic action is in the degree varies sample of two articles, it is possible to promote electric charge contact surface between two articles is moved, this makes it possible to form two different charge layers。Effect two articles owing to being subject to external force will separate, and at this moment two body surfaces will produce electrostatic charge。As for which object positively charged, which object is electronegative, this all with the composition of object materials, the factor such as structure and coherent condition be correlated with。In general, molecule has polar group and is just easier to become positively charged, and non-polar group is then many can bring negative electricity。
Electrostatic phenomenon is mainly manifested in the middle of fabric each operation when textile process becomes the clothes worn at ordinary times in the harm that textile industry is brought, and wherein mainly has viscous volume problem, due to electrostatic interaction during carded webs, causes the viscous volume of fabric；Winding problem, on flow production line, the friction between fabric easily produces electrostatic, can with problems such as machine are intertwined。And the harm of human body is mainly manifested in when wearing of clothing, mainly in the winter time, owing to wear the clothing of various unlike material, all can rub when wearing the clothes or undressing, produce electrostatic and twine attached or absorption it is possible to human body skin can be made to tingle or uncomfortable。
At inflammable, explosive public venues, human body is likely to become fire origin。According to relevant, the electrostatic that human body produces even can produce spark, its instantaneous power is likely to be breached tens watts even higher watts, therefore it is commonly reported that human body to produce static discharge and ignite thing, domestic relevant report, cause liquefied gas to catch fire owing to sloughing the static discharge produced in nylon yarn process, also have and cause the reports such as burning at releasing canister respirator。Japan also reported: the firing accident caused due to clothing and static electricity on human body, constituted about 10% in total static discharge accident。As can be seen here, the common property of electrostatic phenomenon and hazardness。
Currently there are many antistatic additive, but the antistatic property of most antistatic additive all difficult prospect, so will according to the performance of fabric during the such antistatic additive of use, select correct antistatic additive or surfactant, select suitable technology mode, it is possible to obtain good antistatic effect。
Summary of the invention
The primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is in that to propose that a kind of flow process is short, the fabric antistatic additive of small investment, instant effect and fabric antistatic finish technique。The concrete scheme of the present invention is as follows for achieving the above object:
A kind of fabric antistatic additive, described fabric antistatic additive is quaternary cationics。
Preferably, described quaternary cationics is myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution or cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution。
Preferably, the mass concentration of described myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution or cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution is 5～40g/L。
Preferably, the mass concentration of described myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution or cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution is 20g/L。
The invention also discloses a kind of fabric antistatic finish technique, comprise the following steps:
In quaternary cationics, 5～20min is soaked after fabric pretreatment；
After immersion in 100 DEG C of environment of temperature predrying 5min；
In 140～180 DEG C of environment of temperature, 3～6min is bakeed after predrying。
Preferably, the pretreated soak time of fabric is 10min。
Preferably, in 160 DEG C of environment of temperature, bakee 5min after predrying。
Preferably, described quaternary cationics is myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution or cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution。
Preferably, the mass concentration of described myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution or cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution is 5～40g/L。
Preferably, the mass concentration of described myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution or cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution is 20g/L。
A kind of fabric antistatic additive provided by the invention and fabric antistatic finish technique are using myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide and cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl bromination both quaternary ammonium salts as antistatic additive, it is cotton, terylene and non-woven fabrics respectively as antistatic finish fabric。By changing antistatic additive concentration, dip time, baking temperature, and bake and bank up with earth the process conditions such as time, then with the surface resistivity of the fabric before and after the measurement antistatic finish of ZC36 type megger and specific insulation, by comparing surface resistivity and the specific insulation of the fabric arranged under each different technology conditions, draw process conditions when 3 kinds of fabric antistatic properties are preferably。
Detailed description of the invention
1. the antistatic principle of quaternary cationics
Quaternary ammonium salt forms conductive layer as the mechanism of antistatic additive at fabric face, and its effect is mainly reflected in following 3 aspects: charge neutrality, smooth and electric conductivity。
Quaternary cationics belongs to cationic antistatic agent, and ionic anti-static agent major part, with dipping, is sprayed, appearance coating interacts with raw material, its hydrophilic group salience(-cy), it is possible to absorption surrounding moisture content, it can in addition contain the heterocharge on neutralization materials surface；And its lipophilic group can with resin and high polymer strong bonded。Here it is charge neutrality effect。
Smooth and refer at fabric after antistatic treatment, antistatic additive can appear the surface of material, antistatic additive molecule is with the order arrangement of multiple molecular layers, more the sub-degree of orientation of many expressions total score is more low for the number of plies of molecular layer, phenomenon smooth between molecular layer and molecular layer will be more obvious, so it is possible not only to reduce friction, CONTACT WITH FRICTION area can also be reduced, coefficient of friction can be made to reduce, thus reducing electrostatic interaction, and fraction time is more long, the molecules align layer on antistatic additive top layer will slowly disappear, at this moment come following molecular layer and will move to surface, continue smoothing effect。
Conducting function: the antistatic effect main manifestations of quaternary cationics is hygroscopicity, go out constantly when the surface of surfactant molecule forms adsorption layer, hydrone can in absorbed air, the water layer adsorbed by the hydrophilic group of antistatic additive will as conductive film, thus improving the moisture pick-up properties of material surface。
2. experimental section
2.1 experiment materials
2.1.1 fabric types
2.2 fabric antistatic finish techniques
The concentration of antistatic additive: myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide (5g/L～40g/L)；Cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide (5g/L～40g/L)
Finishing technique condition: soak time (5min～20min), predrying temperature (100 DEG C × 5min), baking temperature (140 DEG C～180 DEG C), baking time (3～6min)
Technological process: different fabric pretreatment (, in the antistatic agent solution of two kinds of variable concentrations, after drying, impregnate the antistatic property of (5min～20min) → preliminary drying (100 DEG C × 6min) → bake and bank up with earth (140 DEG C～180 DEG C) × (3min～6min) → test fabric respectively
The antistatic property of 2.3 fabrics measures
With reference to GB/T16801-1997 " mensuration of fabric conditioner antistatic property ", measure surface resistivity and the specific insulation of fabric with ZC36 type height insulation measurement instrument。
2.4 experimental procedures
2.4.1 fabric early stage processes
(1) first the fabric for experiment being cut into 10cm × 10cm, totally 20 pieces of pieces of cloth, then plunging the sample into 2L concentration is 2g/L neutrality dry soap solution, and temperature is about 40 DEG C, soaks 20min, agitator treating 30min, dehydration。Again with being about 40 DEG C of warm water rinse 5min, dehydration。Rinsing, dehydration 3 times altogether。Washed fabric is placed on glass dish, is baked to。
(2) fabric of drying being carried out process of deoiling, instrument is apparatus,Soxhlet's (summary)
2.4.2 the measurement (summary) of fabric face resistivity, body resistivity
3. experimental result discussion and analysis
The impact on fabric antistatic property of the 3.1 different finishing techniques
The impact of 3.1.1 different antistatic additive concentration
Fabric property is affected by the antistatic additive of table 3.1 variable concentrations
Allotment myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide and cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide antistatic solution concentration are followed successively by 5g/L, 10g/L, 20g/L, 30g/L, 40g/L, according to technique 2.2, dip time 10min, baking temperature is 160 DEG C, the time of baking and banking up with earth is 5min, respectively fabric three kinds different being carried out antistatic finish, then test the antistatic property of three kinds of fabrics, test result is table 3.1 such as。
Can be drawn by table 3.1, fabric is significantly increasing with antistatic property before and after two kinds of quaternary ammonium salt antistatic agent treatment, and for both quaternary ammonium salt antistatic, the antistatic property of fabric can increase along with the concentration of antistatic additive liquid, surface resistivity and body resistivity all can increase, but it is as concentration to increase, antistatic property increases inconspicuous, and the testing result of myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide antistatic additive is fewer than cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide antistatic additive, the antistatic effect indicating myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide is substantially better than cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide, and when two kinds of quaternary ammonium salt antistatic additive concentration reach 20g/L, the antistatic behaviour of fabric tends towards stability。For three kinds of fabrics, the antistatic property of white non-woven cloth is weak compared with other two kinds。More soft than hexadecane quaternary ammonium salt antistatic additive with the fabric feeling after tetradecane quaternary ammonium salt antistatic agent treatment。Color, the antistatic finish liquid that tetradecane quaternary ammonium salt is configured to is transparent, limpid, and more muddy with the dressing liquid of hexadecane。
To the above results analysis: the antistatic property of the fabric after arranging with two kinds of quaternary ammonium salt antistatic additive is obviously improved, and surface resistivity is from 1015Ω is reduced to 109Ω or 108Ω, but when dressing liquid concentration reaches certain value, antistatic effect increases inconspicuous, main cause is antistatic additive and fabric face forms continuous print conducting film, when reaching certain value, reaches capacity value in combination with rate, so being further added by antistatic additive concentration, effect increases inconspicuous。Overall economic efficiency, myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide antistatic additive concentration the best is 20g/L。
3.1.2 the impact of different dip times
Myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide and cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide are configured to the dressing liquid of 20g/L, then difference fabric is impregnated 5min successively, 10min, 15min, three kinds of fabrics, according still further to technique 2.2, are carried out antistatic treatment by 20min respectively, then the antistatic property of test fabric, result is table 3.2 such as:
By table 3.2 it can be seen that when keeping other techniques constant, the impact of fabric antistatic property is mainly changed by dip time in dipping 5min to 10min there, but the change after 10min to 20min is inconspicuous, almost trends towards mild。
Fabric property is affected by table 3.2 antistatic additive at different dip times
Analysis to result above: dip time is when 5min, quaternary ammonium salt antistatic additive dressing liquid dipping fabric is insufficient, fabric is caused to fail completely well to be combined together to form conductive layer with antistatic additive, as dip time 10min or after the longer time, now antistatic additive and fabric well combine, so As time goes on, antistatic effect still will not produce obvious change。
3.1.3 the impact of different baking temperature
Myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide and cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide are configured to the solution that concentration is 20g/L, three kinds of fabrics, preliminary drying (100 DEG C, 5min) is impregnated respectively according under 2.2 techniques herein, rear respectively at 140 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 160 DEG C, 170 DEG C, 5min is baked and banked up with earth at 180 DEG C, allow these fabrics place 1 hour when room temperature, then test the antistatic property of various fabric, and compare。Result is table 3.3 such as:
Fabric property is affected by table 3.3 antistatic additive difference baking temperature
Found out by table 3.3, control other process conditions constant, the antistatic behaviour of fabric is had a certain impact by baking temperature, but affect less, the surface resistivity of fabric and body resistivity generally present following trend: with the continuous rising of temperature, its measured value can be more and more less, experiments show that after temperature reaches 160 DEG C, and measured value may proceed to again rise。
To result above analysis, when temperature rises, the antistatic property of two kinds of quaternary ammonium salt antistatic additive all can promote to some extent, main cause is that temperature rising makes fabric be combined tightr with quaternary ammonium salt antistatic, so that antistatic property improves, under relatively low stoving temperature, brilliant caryogenic speed compares slowly with the speed of crystallization comparatively speaking, under this condition, antistatic additive molecule is poor with fabric face binding ability, is hardly formed stable and uniform conductance thin film；When slowly raising stoving temperature when, the speed of brilliant caryogenic speed and crystallization is increasing all therewith, the active force that antistatic additive and fabric face so can be made mutual also strengthens therewith, but when reaching uniform temperature, crystal generate speed, crystallization speed all by a declining curve, antistatic property settles out gradually。After temperature is higher than 160 DEG C, the antistatic property of two kinds of quaternary ammonium salts all can decline to some extent, and its reason is, quaternary ammonium salt may produce thermal decomposition in the case of a high temperature, causes antistatic property to decline。
3.1.4 the different impacts baking and banking up with earth the time
Myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide and cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide are configured to the solution that concentration is 20g/L, preliminary drying (100 DEG C, baking and banking up with earth at baking temperature 160 DEG C after 5min), according under 2.2 techniques herein, the time of baking and banking up with earth is 3min respectively, 4min, 5min, 6min, allow these fabrics place 1 hour when room temperature, then test the antistatic property of various fabric, and compare。Result is table 3.4 such as:
Fabric property is affected by table 3.4 antistatic additive difference baking temperature
From table 3.4, for two kinds of quaternary ammonium salt antistatic additive, when the time of baking and banking up with earth is between 3min to 5min, crystal growth rate, crystalline rate is all in the rise period, so antistatic property at this time is on the rise, change greatly, when the time baked and banked up with earth reaches 5min, their antistatic property basically reaches the best, antistatic additive crystal growth rate and crystalline rate reach maximum, now, quaternary ammonium salt antistatic additive and fabric face well combine, increase over time and there will be no increase, if but time continuation increases, it is likely to cause antistatic additive molecule thermal cracking, the antistatic effect making antistatic additive lost efficacy。
4. conclusion
Tetraalkyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide and cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide are as antistatic additive, it is applied in white cotton, white polyester and three kinds of fabrics of white non-woven cloth and has carried out antistatic finish, and their antistatic property is tested, draw the optimal finishing process of two kinds of quaternary ammonium salt antistatic additive, when antistatic additive concentration is 20g/l, soak time is 10min, the time of baking and banking up with earth is 5min, when baking temperature is 160 DEG C, the fabric after arrangement has good antistatic property。
Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, and not the spirit and scope of the present invention is defined。Under the premise without departing from design concept of the present invention; various modification that technical scheme is made by this area ordinary person and improvement; protection scope of the present invention all should be dropped into, the technology contents that the present invention is claimed, all record in detail in the claims。
Claims (2)
1. a fabric antistatic additive, it is characterised in that:
Described fabric antistatic additive is quaternary cationics；
Described quaternary cationics is myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution or cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution；
The mass concentration of described myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution or cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution is 20g/L。
2. a fabric antistatic finish technique, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
In the myristyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution that mass concentration is 20g/L or cetyl monomethyl diethyl hydroxyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution, 10min is soaked after fabric pretreatment；
After immersion in 100 DEG C of environment of temperature predrying 5min；
In 160 DEG C of environment of temperature, 5min is bakeed after predrying。
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| CN105803786A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-07-27 | 江苏苏扬服帽有限公司 | Antistatic agent and method for processing textile by using same |
| CN108342901A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2018-07-31 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | A kind of Antistatic Fabric |
| CN107083677A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-08-22 | 常熟华尚新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of Antistatic Fabric Final finishing rubber cement |
| CN107663769A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-02-06 | 安徽创荣服装辅料有限公司 | A kind of garment lining antistatic additive |
| CN107938346A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-20 | 英泰时尚服饰（苏州）有限公司 | Silk fabric antistatic finishing agent |
| CN116355591B (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-12-08 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Human body static electricity eliminating spray and preparation method and application thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20161208 Address after: 511800 Guangdong city of Qingyuan Province Taihe Town lotus tree garden Patentee after: Qingyuan Hongtu assistant Co. Ltd. Address before: 510000 Panyu, Guangzhou, Guangzhou University,, West Ring Road, No. 230 Patentee before: Guangzhou University |