CN104112820B - 一种基于多金属氧酸盐的复合薄膜 - Google Patents

一种基于多金属氧酸盐的复合薄膜 Download PDF

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CN104112820B
CN104112820B CN201310136280.4A CN201310136280A CN104112820B CN 104112820 B CN104112820 B CN 104112820B CN 201310136280 A CN201310136280 A CN 201310136280A CN 104112820 B CN104112820 B CN 104112820B
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王恩波
金戈
陈维林
王诗铭
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • H10K85/10Organic polymers or oligomers
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种复合薄膜,具体的说,涉及一种基于多金属氧酸盐的复合薄膜。本发明以Keplerate型多金属氧酸盐和水溶性聚对苯撑乙烯衍生物作为原料,以经过预处理的ITO导电玻璃为基底,利用层接层自组装技术制备了具有光电响应的复合薄膜。薄膜制备的整个过程均使用水溶剂,对环境友好无害,且操作简便易行。所制备的复合薄膜经光电流瞬态测试,表现出了良好的光电响应,是一种具有潜在应用前景的光伏体系。

Description

一种基于多金属氧酸盐的复合薄膜
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合薄膜,具体的说,涉及一种基于多金属氧酸盐的复合薄膜。
背景技术
近年来,基于电子给体/受体材料构成的光伏体系一直是研究的热点。1986年,邓青云博士率先研制出了有机双层光伏器件。1992年,Alan Heeger教授研究了高分子聚合物聚对苯撑乙烯(PPV)衍生物/富勒烯(C60)这一体系的光电效应,并于1993年制得了相应的光伏器件。在随后的近二十年里,这一领域吸引了大批科学家的兴趣,而一系列具有良好光电转换性能的光伏体系纷纷被研发出来。然而,现今所报道的基于电子给/受体光伏体系中,电子给体多为油溶性的聚噻吩类、聚对苯撑乙烯类衍生物等,电子受体多为富勒烯(C60)及其衍生物。所用原料不仅价格昂贵,而且在制作过程中多用氯苯、二氯苯等有机溶剂,难以达到绿色环保的要求。因此,新型材料的使用成为此类光伏体系继续发展的一种选择。
多金属氧酸盐(POM)是一种良好的电子受体,能够在接受电子的同时保持结构稳定。德国化学家Achim Müller开启了设计合成Keplerate型多金属氧酸盐的新领域,但对其研究主要是在结构和磁学性质等方面。Keplerate型多酸通常又称Keplerate球,与富勒烯非常相似,具有高度对称的结构和大量的离域电子。因此,将Keplerate型多酸替代富勒烯应用于光伏体系中是一种新颖而可行的选择。水溶性聚对苯撑乙烯衍生物由于具有良好的热稳定性和光电性质,同样受到广泛关注。以水溶性聚对苯撑乙烯衍生物替代油溶性共轭聚合物作为电子给体,避免了有机溶剂的使用,制作过程更加绿色环保。
层接层(LbL)自组装技术已经非常成熟,在薄膜制备中易于操作。若选用水溶性聚对苯撑乙烯衍生物作为电子给体,Keplerate型多金属氧酸盐作为电子受体,则两者都可配制成水溶液,可通过层接层自组装来完成复合薄膜的制备,避免了使用真空蒸镀等复杂的仪器设备和手段,在简化流程的同时降低了生产成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是利用Keplerate型多金属氧酸盐替代富勒烯作为电子受体,同时以水溶性聚对苯撑乙烯衍生物作为电子给体,通过层接层自组装的方法制备具有光电流响应的复合薄膜,得到一种新的基于电子给/受体的光伏体系。
本发明的一种基于多金属氧酸盐的复合薄膜,包括以下步骤:
(1)将多金属氧酸盐配制成水溶液,调节此溶液pH在1-3之间;
(2)将水溶性高分子聚合物配制成水溶液;
(3)将ITO基片在预处理液中浸泡20分钟;
(4)将步骤(3)所得基片取出,用去离子水冲净,氮气吹干;
(5)将步骤(4)所得基片浸泡于PEI溶液中20分钟;
(6)将步骤(5)所得基片取出,用去离子水冲净,氮气吹干;
(7)将上一步骤所得基片浸泡于步骤(1)所得溶液中,保持20分钟;
(8)将上一步骤所得基片取出,用去离子水冲净,氮气吹干;
(9)将上一步骤所得基片浸泡于步骤(2)所得溶液中,保持20分钟;
(10)重复步骤(8);
(11)重复步骤(7)至步骤(10),重复1至20次,制得所说的复合薄膜。
所说的多金属氧酸盐为Keplerate型多酸,具体是指{W72V30},其分子式为:
所说的水溶性高分子聚合物具体是指水溶性聚对苯撑乙烯衍生物P2,其结构式为:
所说的预处理液是指piranha溶液[H2SO4:H2O2(体积比7:3)]。
其中,多金属氧酸盐水溶液的浓度为0.5mmol/L,水溶性高分子聚合物水溶液的浓度为0.3mg/mL,PEI溶液的浓度为0.25mg/mL。
将上述方法制备的基于多金属氧酸盐的复合薄膜作为工作电极,以饱和甘汞电极作为参比电极,以铂丝作为对电极,以氙灯为照射光源,于0.1mol/L的Na2SO4 水溶液中进行光电化学测试。
本发明所使用的电子给/受体材料均为水溶性化合物,薄膜制备过程不使用二氯苯等有机溶剂,有利于环境的保护。
本发明所使用的薄膜制备方法为层接层自组装技术,不需使用真空蒸镀等仪器设备和手段,操作更加简便易行。
本发明所制备的复合薄膜成膜均匀,具有良好的光电响应,是一种具有潜在应用前景的光伏体系。
附图说明
图1复合薄膜不同层数时的紫外-可见吸收光谱图
图2实施例1所制复合薄膜的AFM表征图
图3实施例1所制复合薄膜的AFM三维图
图4实施例1所制复合薄膜的光电流瞬态测试表征图
图5实施例2所制复合薄膜的光电流瞬态测试表征图
图6复合薄膜的结构示意图,其中,1-ITO玻璃基底,2-PEI预处理层,3-多金属氧酸盐{W72V30}层,4-水溶性聚对苯撑乙烯衍生物P2层,每重复一次步骤(11),3和4依次各增加一层。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将{W72V30}溶于水,配制0.5mmol/L的水溶液,用硫酸调节溶液pH至2,将水溶性PPV衍生物P2溶于水中,配制成0.3mg/mL的水溶液。将ITO基片浸泡于piranha溶液中20分钟,取出,用去离子水冲净,氮气吹干,再浸泡于0.25mg/mL的PEI溶液中20分钟,取出,用去离子水冲净,氮气吹干,得预处理好的基片。
将已处理的基片浸泡于{W72V30}水溶液中20分钟,取出,用去离子水冲净,氮气吹干,再浸泡于P2水溶液中20分钟,取出,用去离子水冲净,氮气吹干。如此将基片依次吸附上{W72V30}和P2,重复5次,制得基于多金属氧酸盐的复合薄膜。
以复合薄膜作为工作电极,以饱和甘汞电极作为参比电极,以铂丝作为对电极,以氙灯为照射光源,于0.1mol/L的Na2SO4 水溶液中进行光电流瞬态测试。如图4所示,复合薄膜产生了良好的光电响应。
实施例2
将{W72V30}溶于水,配制0.5mmol/L的水溶液,用硫酸调节溶液pH至2,将水溶性PPV衍生物P2溶于水中,配制成0.3mg/mL的水溶液。将ITO基片浸泡于piranha溶液中20分钟,取出,用去离子水冲净,氮气吹干,再浸泡于0.25mg/mL的PEI溶液中20分钟,取出,用去离子水冲净,氮气吹干,得预处理好的基片。
将已处理的基片浸泡于{W72V30}水溶液中20分钟,取出,用去离子水冲净,氮气吹干,再浸泡于P2水溶液中20分钟,取出,用去离子水冲净,氮气吹干。如此将基片依次吸附上{W72V30}和P2,重复10次,制得基于多金属氧酸盐的复合薄膜。
以复合薄膜作为工作电极,以饱和甘汞电极作为参比电极,以铂丝作为对电极,以氙灯为照射光源,于0.1mol/L的Na2SO4 水溶液中进行光电流瞬态测试。如图5所示,复合薄膜产生了良好的光电响应。

Claims (1)

1.一种应用于光伏体系的基于多金属氧酸盐的复合薄膜,其特征在于,由以下步骤制备得到:
(1)将多金属氧酸盐配制成水溶液,调节此溶液pH在1-3之间;
(2)将水溶性高分子聚合物配制成水溶液;
(3)将ITO基片在预处理液中浸泡20分钟;
(4)将步骤(3)所得基片取出,用去离子水冲净,氮气吹干;
(5)将步骤(4)所得基片浸泡于PEI溶液中20分钟;
(6)将步骤(5)所得基片取出,用去离子水冲净,氮气吹干;
(7)将上一步骤所得基片浸泡于步骤(1)所得溶液中,保持20分钟;
(8)将上一步骤所得基片取出,用去离子水冲净,氮气吹干;
(9)将上一步骤所得基片浸泡于步骤(2)所得溶液中,保持20分钟;
(10)重复步骤(8);
(11)重复步骤(7)至步骤(10),重复1至20次,制得所说的复合薄膜;
所述的多金属氧酸盐为Keplerate型多酸;
所述的Keplerate型多酸具体是指{W72V30},其分子式为:
所述的水溶性高分子聚合物具体是指水溶性聚对苯撑乙烯衍生物P2,其结构式为:
所述的预处理液是指H2SO4:H2O体积比为7:3的piranha溶液;
多金属氧酸盐水溶液的浓度为0.5mmol/L;
水溶性高分子聚合物水溶液的浓度为0.3mg/mL;
PEI溶液的浓度为0.25mg/mL。
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