CN104100021A - Method for building integral heat-insulation wall - Google Patents
Method for building integral heat-insulation wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN104100021A CN104100021A CN201410331703.2A CN201410331703A CN104100021A CN 104100021 A CN104100021 A CN 104100021A CN 201410331703 A CN201410331703 A CN 201410331703A CN 104100021 A CN104100021 A CN 104100021A
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Abstract
A method for building an integral heat-insulation wall comprises the following steps of selecting materials of constituent parts of the heat-insulation wall and a hypothetical thickness value; performing theoretical calculation according to the hypothetical thickness value so as to obtain a suitable material and a suitable thickness; and performing construction. According to the whole technical scheme, the effective area of a building can be effectively increased, a heat-insulation effect is high, and the heat-insulation wall is firm in adhesion and cannot drop easily. Moreover, the method can be used for building a bearing heat-insulation wall or a non-bearing heat-insulation wall.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building trade field, specifically just relate to a kind of construction method of monolithic heat-preserving wall, can improve the effective area rate of building, strengthen the reliability of insulation layer, reduce construction cost cost.
Background technology
Along with economic fast development, people pursue the improvement of habitat condition day by day, cause realty industry flourish, the value of house property is day by day huge, therefore, people, in the time buying house, often wish can obtain maximum usable floor area under equal building area, building area refers to the peripheral horizontal area of structure more than skin plinth, is with a square metre indicator of physical output for reflection building construction building size.It is effective area and structural area sum.Effective area is the effective area rate of building trade with the ratio of building area.People often wish that in order to obtain maximum usable floor area the effective area rate of building is the bigger the better, but the wall body structure of a solitary building is thicker, and its effective area rate is lower.Therefore, want to obtain larger effective area rate, under building area same case, reducing wall area and be one of can row method.
In the wall construction process of building, need at present the mechanics of considering building to require and heat-insulating property requirement, it is the requirement that building masonry wall also needs to meet wall thermal insulating in meeting the stressed standard of body of wall, traditional building masonry wall design process is that these two standards are separately considered, substep reaches requirement, its specific practice is: the first step, do not consider that according to requirements such as mechanics insulation requires design to determine the steel concrete agent structure thickness of building masonry wall; Second step, requires design to determine the thickness of warming plate according to insulation; The 3rd step, the concrete main body structure of or cast-in-situ wall prefabricated according to designing requirement; The 4th step, in the steel concrete agent structure outside of molded body of wall or inner side stick on the warming plate of designing requirement thickness; The 5th step, carries out surface construction outward at warming plate, as: swabbing, tile fixing etc.
From above-mentioned existing heat-preserving wall building course, can find out that this traditional multiple step format heat-preserving wall bears when design at first step mechanics and do not consider the effect of warming plate and surface layer in actual design work progress, in the time that second step heat insulation function designs, just can only change the thickness of warming plate, can not modify to steel concrete agent structure.Cause sticking on warming plate the gross thickness of body of wall is increased, building effective area rate declines.In addition, on market, the quality of warming plate is uneven, cannot ensure the disposable Architectural Design Requirements that reaches of heat insulation effect, easily causes construction quality to decline, and the situation of the maintenance of doing over again occurs, increases construction cost.And because insulation layer sticks after being, the bonding force between insulation layer and steel concrete main body is inadequate, and the phenomenon that insulation layer comes off is happened occasionally.Even if the prefabricated combined wall occurring in recent years, also just in existing body of wall design, simple superposition warming plate forms combined wall, and the integral thickness of body of wall is still large many than design load, has reduced the effective area rate of building.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is separately to consider to design and construct with heat insulation function for the mechanics of insulated wall being required in existing heat-preserving wall building course, cause wall body structure blocked up, reduce the technological deficiency of the effective area rate of building, a kind of construction method of monolithic heat-preserving wall is provided, in the time that heat-preserving wall design is implemented, mechanical property and heat-insulating property unification for body of wall are considered, make the thickness optimization of body of wall, realize and ensureing under the prerequisite of heat-preserving wall various functions index, minimize heat-preserving wall thickness, improve the effective area rate of building.
Technical scheme
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention designs a kind of construction method of monolithic heat-preserving wall, it is characterized in that, it comprises following step:
(1) material the thickness of choosing by rule of thumb body of wall composition each several part are set to a default, and wherein said body of wall composition each several part comprises wall steel bar concrete main body layer, insulation layer and surface layer successively.
(2) according to the material of choosing in step (1) and the default of setting, whole wall insulation performance is calculated the coefficient of thermal conductivity of space enclosing structure:
K＝1/R
Thermal resistance of enclosing structure:
R＝R
i+R
0+R
e
R in formula---thermal resistance of enclosing structure; R0---combined wall thermal resistance; Ri---heat exchange resistance of interior surface;
Re---external surface heat exchange resistance
Combined wall coefficient of thermal conductivity:
K
0＝1/R
0
Combined wall thermal resistance:
R
0=2R
concrete+ R
core
Thermal resistance calculation formula:
R＝δ/K
δ in formula---material thickness; K---material thermal conductivity.
What result of calculation met building standard carries out further work, otherwise need reset default according to step (1);
(3) according to material and default definite in step (2), whole body of wall mechanical property is calculated, what result of calculation met building standard carries out further work, otherwise need reset default according to step (1);
(4) material according to definite in step (3) and default are carried out to integrated prefabricated moulding by heat-preserving wall each several part;
(5) heat-preserving wall prefabricated in step (4) is carried out to on-site consolidation construction.
Further, in described step (3), according to material and default definite in step (2), when whole body of wall mechanical property is calculated, if body of wall is load bearing wall, need to calculate by mechanical property standard, what result of calculation met building standard carries out further work; If body of wall is non-bearing wall, body of wall, without mechanical property requirements, directly carries out further work.
Further, in described step (1), choose the compressive strength >2MPa of the material of insulation layer, and can be with concrete main body layer jointly as the bearing part of structure.
The process of further, according to material definite in step (3) and default, heat-preserving wall each several part being carried out to integrated prefabricated moulding in described step (4) comprises several steps:
(I) preparation of insulation layer material;
(II) insulation layer material step (I) being obtained is cast on surface layer, and built-in connection, builds and need in 1 hour after prepared by insulation layer material, complete;
(III) in step (II), on the insulation layer material of moulding, carry out reinforcement placement, and concreting on the insulation layer material of moulding, build and need in 24 hours after insulation layer material has been built, complete.
Body of wall all constituents is done as a whole design by the present invention, the integrated consideration of design calculation process, mechanical property insulation layer when mechanical calculation is also taken into account, using the mechanics of integral wall or thermal property as design considerations, insulation layer and steel concrete main body and surface layer are one-body molded in factory simultaneously, in the situation that meeting same function requirement, it is little that the required existing tradition of minimum Thickness Ratio of this body of wall is sticked on insulation layer method, can effectively reduce thickness of wall body, and then improve building effective area rate; Meanwhile, body of wall is prefabrication moulding, and insulation layer material homogeneity is good, stable performance, reliable in quality, makes body of wall have good heat insulation effect.And the bulk strength of body of wall, dimensional accuracy, surface finish all can effectively be ensured.Layers of material connects the compound time there are strict requirements in addition, silicates material aquation is still being carried out, can make hydrated product intersect to form at the interface zone of layers of material, and be inorganic phase material or contain inorganic phase material, make the snap-in force between steel concrete main body and insulation layer, insulation layer and panel stronger, all formation is firmly bonding, difficult drop-off when use.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can improve building and effectively improve building effective area rate, has good heat insulation effect, and bonding firm, difficult drop-off, can be used as load-bearing or non-bearing heat-insulation wall.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Be made up of the thick reinforced concrete wall of 200mm, 10mm mortar, 75mmEPS warming plate and 15mm mortar and surface layer with a kind of, gross thickness is that 300mm non-bearing exterior wall is example, specifies energy-conservation 65% by building standard.According to construction method of the present invention, it is redesigned, makes it meet original insulation requirement, comprise the following steps:
The first step, material the thickness of choosing by rule of thumb body of wall composition each several part are set to a default, and wherein said body of wall composition each several part comprises wall steel bar concrete main body layer, insulation layer and surface layer successively;
Be exactly specifically the steel concrete body layer of steel concrete making, the insulation layer of EPS concrete for making, the surface layer that calcium silicate board with microporous is made, wherein strength grade of concrete is C30, and concrete 28 days compressive strength of EPS is 2.2MPa, and density is 600～700Kg/m
3, each layer thickness is rule of thumb set is: steel concrete body layer 80mm, insulation layer 115mm, surface layer 5mm, body of wall gross thickness is 200mm;
Second step, according to the default of the material of choosing in the first step and setting, calculates the coefficient of thermal conductivity of space enclosing structure to whole wall insulation performance:
K＝1/R
Thermal resistance of enclosing structure:
R＝R
i+R
0+R
e
R in formula---thermal resistance of enclosing structure; R0---combined wall thermal resistance; Ri---heat exchange resistance of interior surface; Re---external surface heat exchange resistance
Combined wall coefficient of thermal conductivity:
K
0＝1/R
0
Combined wall thermal resistance:
R
0=2R
concrete+ R
core
Thermal resistance calculation formula:
R＝δ/K
δ in formula---material thickness; K---material thermal conductivity.
Wall structure to supposition is incubated calculating, and calculating now heat inertia index is 2.85, and coefficient of thermal conductivity is 0.60W/ (m
2k),, according to building standard regulation, energy-conservation 65% time, in the time that the heat inertia index of exterior wall is greater than 2.5, coefficient of thermal conductivity need be less than 1.05W/ (m
2k);
The 3rd step, according to material definite in second step and default, calculates whole body of wall mechanical property, because body of wall is non-bearing wall, without there being mechanics requirement, meets the requirements.
The 4th step, by the 3rd step determined value, carries out the integrated prefabricated moulding of factory of heat-preserving wall by the designing requirement of steel concrete body layer 80mm, insulation layer 115mm, surface layer 5mm, concrete manufacturing process is
(I) the concrete preparation of EPS;
First granular polystyrene is put into mixer, then add the powder stirring 30s such as sand, cement, flyash, latex powder, water-loss reducer, early strength admixture, air entraining agent, then add water and water reducing agent to stir 120s.
(II) EPS concreting step (I) being obtained is on calcium silicate board with microporous, and built-in connection, is cast in EPS concrete and prepares in 30min and complete;
(III) in step (II), on the insulation layer material of moulding, carry out reinforcement placement, and C30 concreting on the EPS of moulding concrete, complete in 24 hours after being cast in step (II) and completing.
The 5th step, carries out on-site consolidation construction by prefabricated heat-preserving wall.
The non-bearing heat-preserving body of wall that the present embodiment redesigns meets intrinsic insulation requirement, and each ingredient of body of wall carries out integrated prefabricated moulding, and between concrete main body and insulation layer, insulation layer and panel, all formation is firmly bonding, difficult drop-off when use.Its gross thickness is 200mm, and thickness reduces 100mm, can effectively improve building effective area rate.And integrated prefabricated moulding, body of wall has good heat insulation effect, and bonding firm, difficult drop-off.
Embodiment 2
Load bearing wall taking a kind of existing gross thickness being made up of the thick reinforced concrete wall of 200mm, 10mm mortar, 75mmEPS warming plate, 15mm mortar and surface layer as 300mm is as example, meet building standard and specify energy-conservation 65%, according to construction method of the present invention, it is redesigned, make it meet original insulation requirement, comprise the following steps:
The first step, material the thickness of choosing by rule of thumb body of wall composition each several part are set to a default, and wherein said body of wall composition each several part comprises wall steel bar concrete main body layer, insulation layer and surface layer successively;
Be exactly specifically the steel concrete body layer of steel concrete making, the insulation layer of EPS concrete for making, the surface layer that fiber cement board is made, wherein strength grade of concrete is C30, and concrete 28 days compressive strength of EPS is 4MPa, and density is 600-800Kg/m
3, each layer thickness is rule of thumb set is: steel concrete body layer 150mm insulation layer 120mm, surface layer 5mm, body of wall gross thickness is 275mm;
Second step, according to the default of the material of choosing in the first step and setting, calculates whole wall insulation performance, and now heat inertia index is 2.85, and coefficient of thermal conductivity is 0.95W/ (m
2k),, according to building standard, energy-conservation 65% time, in the time that the heat inertia index of exterior wall is greater than 2.5, coefficient of thermal conductivity need be less than 1.05W/ (m
2k);
The 3rd step, according to material definite in second step and default, calculates whole body of wall mechanical property, meets original wall body designing requirement according to design specifications.
The 4th step, by the 3rd step determined value, carries out the integrated prefabricated moulding of factory of heat-preserving wall by the designing requirement of steel concrete body layer 150mm, insulation layer 120mm, surface layer 5mm, concrete manufacturing process is:
(I) the concrete preparation of EPS;
First granular polystyrene is put into mixer, then add the powder stirring 30s such as sand, cement, flyash, latex powder, water-loss reducer, early strength admixture, air entraining agent, then add water and water reducing agent to stir 120s.
(II) EPS concreting step (I) being obtained is on fiber cement board, and pre-buried glass fiber muscle connector, is cast in EPS concrete and prepares in 30min hour and complete;
(III) on the EPS of moulding concrete, carry out reinforcement placement, and C30 concreting on the EPS of moulding concrete, complete in 24 hours after being cast in step (II) and completing.
The 5th step, carries out on-site consolidation construction by prefabricated heat-preserving wall.
Claims (7)
1. a construction method for monolithic heat-preserving wall, is characterized in that, it comprises following step:
(1) material the thickness of choosing by rule of thumb body of wall composition each several part are set to a default, and wherein said body of wall composition each several part comprises wall steel bar concrete main body layer, insulation layer and surface layer successively;
(2) according to the material of choosing in step (1) and the default of setting, whole wall insulation performance is pressed to array function and calculates:
The coefficient of thermal conductivity of space enclosing structure:
K＝1/R
Thermal resistance of enclosing structure:
R＝R
i+R
0+R
e
R in formula---thermal resistance of enclosing structure; R0---combined wall thermal resistance; Ri---heat exchange resistance of interior surface; Re---external surface heat exchange resistance
Combined wall coefficient of thermal conductivity:
K
0＝1/R
0
Combined wall thermal resistance:
R
0=2R
concrete+ R
core
Thermal resistance calculation formula:
R＝δ/K
δ in formula---material thickness; K---material thermal conductivity.
What result of calculation met building standard carries out further work, otherwise need reset default according to step (1),
(3) according to material and default definite in step (2), whole body of wall mechanical property is calculated, what result of calculation met building standard carries out further work, otherwise need reset default according to step (1);
(4) material according to definite in step (3) and default are carried out to integrated prefabricated moulding by heat-preserving wall each several part;
(5) heat-preserving wall prefabricated in step (4) is carried out to on-site consolidation construction.
2. the construction method of a kind of monolithic heat-preserving wall as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), the concrete strength of wall steel bar concrete main body layer is C30-C60, insulation layer adopts light heat insulation material, and surface layer adopts fiber concrete slab or calcium silicate board with microporous or glass magnesium plate.
3. the construction method of a kind of monolithic heat-preserving wall as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), according to material and default definite in step (2), when whole body of wall mechanical property is calculated, if body of wall is load bearing wall, need to calculate by mechanical property standard, what result of calculation met building standard carries out further work; If body of wall is non-bearing wall, body of wall, without mechanical property requirements, directly carries out further work.
4. the construction method of a kind of monolithic heat-preserving wall as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), choose the compressive strength >2MPa of the material of insulation layer, and can be with concrete main body layer jointly as the bearing part of structure.
5. the construction method of a kind of monolithic heat-preserving wall as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the process of according to material definite in step (3) and default, heat-preserving wall each several part being carried out to integrated prefabricated moulding in described step (4) comprises following step:
(I) preparation of insulation layer material;
(II) insulation layer material step (I) being obtained is cast on surface layer, and built-in connection, builds and need in 1 hour after prepared by insulation layer material, complete;
(III) in step (II), on the insulation layer material of moulding, carry out reinforcement placement, and concreting on the insulation layer material of moulding, build and need in 24 hours after insulation layer material has been built, complete.
6. the construction method of a kind of monolithic heat-preserving wall as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), body of wall is non-bearing wall, the material that wall steel bar concrete main body layer, insulation layer and surface layer are chosen is followed successively by steel concrete, EPS concrete and calcium silicate board with microporous, thickness is set to respectively 80mm, 115mm and 5mm, and body of wall meets building standard.
7. the construction method of a kind of monolithic heat-preserving wall as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when in described step (3), body of wall is load bearing wall, the material that wall steel bar concrete main body layer, insulation layer and surface layer are chosen is followed successively by steel concrete, EPS concrete and calcium silicate board with microporous, when thickness is set to respectively 150mm, 120mm and 5mm, body of wall meets building standard.
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