CN104100021B - A kind of construction method of monolithic heat-preserving wall - Google Patents
A kind of construction method of monolithic heat-preserving wall Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of construction method of monolithic heat-preserving wall, it comprises chooses heat-preserving wall ingredient material and hypothesis one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 and carries out several steps of carrying out after theory calculate obtains suitable material and thickness constructing according to default, whole technical scheme can improve building effective area rate, there is good heat insulation effect, and bonding firm, difficult drop-off, can be used as load-bearing or non-bearing heat-insulation wall construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building trade field, specifically just relate to a kind of construction method of monolithic heat-preserving wall, the effective area rate of building can be improved, strengthen the reliability of insulation layer, reduce construction cost cost.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of economy, people pursue the improvement of habitat condition day by day, cause realty industry flourish, the value of house property is day by day huge, therefore, people, when buying house, often wish can obtain maximum usable floor area under equal building area, building area refers to the structure peripheral horizontal area of more than skin plinth, is with a square metre indicator of physical output for reflection building construction building size.It is effective area and structural area sum.Effective area and the ratio of building area are then the effective area rate of building trade.In order to obtain maximum usable floor area, people often wish that the effective area rate of building is the bigger the better, but the wall body structure of a solitary building is thicker, and its effective area rate is lower.Therefore, want to obtain larger effective area rate, under building area same case, reducing wall area is can one of row method.
Mechanical requirements and the heat-insulating property requirement of considering building is needed in the wall construction process of current building, namely building masonry wall also needs the requirement meeting wall thermal insulating while meeting the stressed standard of body of wall, traditional building masonry wall design process is that these two standard scores are set the exam worry, substep reaches requirement, its specific practice is: the first step, requires and do not consider that the adjacent reinforced concrete bodies structural thickness of building masonry wall is determined in thermal requirements design according to mechanics etc.; Second step, determines the thickness of warming plate according to thermal requirements design; 3rd step, the concrete main body structure of or cast-in-situ wall prefabricated according to designing requirement; 4th step, outside the adjacent reinforced concrete bodies structure of molded body of wall or inner side stick on the warming plate of designing requirement thickness; 5th step, carries out surface construction outside warming plate, as: swabbing, tile fixing etc.
Can find out that from above-mentioned existing heat-preserving wall building course this traditional multiple step format heat-preserving wall does not consider the effect of warming plate and surface layer in actual design work progress when first step mechanics bears design, when second step heat insulation function designs, just can only change the thickness of warming plate, can not modify to adjacent reinforced concrete bodies structure.Causing sticking on warming plate makes the gross thickness of body of wall increase, and building effective area rate declines.In addition, on market, the quality of warming plate is uneven, cannot ensure that heat insulation effect is disposable and reach Architectural Design Requirements, easily cause construction quality to decline, and the situation of maintenance of doing over again occurs, increases construction cost.And due to insulation layer be after stick, the bonding force between insulation layer and adjacent reinforced concrete bodies is inadequate, and the phenomenon that insulation layer is come off happens occasionally.Even if the prefabricated combined wall occurred in recent years, also just on existing wall inclination, simple superposition warming plate forms combined wall, and the integral thickness of body of wall is still larger than design load many, reduces the effective area rate of building.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to design and construct for the mechanical requirements of insulated wall and heat insulation function being separated consideration in existing heat-preserving wall building course, cause wall body structure blocked up, reduce the technological deficiency of the effective area rate of building, a kind of construction method of monolithic heat-preserving wall is provided, when heat-preserving wall design is implemented, for the mechanical property of body of wall with heat-insulating property is unified considers, make the thickness optimization of body of wall, realize under the prerequisite ensureing heat-preserving wall various functions index, minimize heat-preserving wall thickness, improve the effective area rate of building.
Technical scheme
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention designs a kind of construction method of monolithic heat-preserving wall, it is characterized in that, it comprises following step:
(1) choose the material of body of wall composition each several part by rule of thumb and thickness be set to a default, wherein said body of wall composition each several part comprises wall steel bar concrete main body layer, insulation layer and surface layer successively.
(2) according to the default of the material chosen in step (1) and setting, whole wall insulation performance is calculated, the coefficient of thermal conductivity of space enclosing structure:
K＝1/R
Thermal resistance of enclosing structure:
R＝R
i+R
0+R
e
R in formula---thermal resistance of enclosing structure; R0---combined wall thermal resistance; Ri---heat exchange resistance of interior surface; Re---external surface heat exchange hinders
Combined wall coefficient of thermal conductivity:
K
0＝1/R
0
Combined wall thermal resistance:
R
0=2R
concrete+ R
core
Thermal resistance calculation formula:
Rm＝δ/Km
In formula: Rm---material thermal resistance; δ---material thickness; Km---material thermal conductivity
What result of calculation met building standard then carries out further work, otherwise need carry out resetting default according to step (1);
(3) according to the material determined in step (2) and default, whole body of wall mechanical property is calculated, what result of calculation met building standard then carries out further work, otherwise need carry out resetting default according to step (1);
(4) heat-preserving wall each several part will be carried out integrated prefabricated shaping according to the material determined in step (3) and default;
(5) heat-preserving wall prefabricated in step (4) is carried out on-site consolidation construction.
Further, in described step (3), according to the material determined in step (2) and default, when whole body of wall mechanical property is calculated, if body of wall is load bearing wall, then need to calculate by mechanical property standard, what result of calculation met building standard then carries out further work; If body of wall is non-bearing wall, then body of wall is without mechanical property requirements, then directly carry out further work.
Further, in described step (1), choose the compressive strength >2MPa of the material of insulation layer, and can with concrete main body layer jointly as the bearing part of structure.
Further, according to the material determined in step (3) and default, heat-preserving wall each several part is carried out integrated prefabricated shaping process in described step (4) and comprises several step:
(I) preparation of insulation layer material;
(II) the insulation layer material that step (I) obtains is cast on surface layer, and built-in connection, build and need complete in 1 hour after prepared by insulation layer material;
(III) shaping in step (II) insulation layer material carries out reinforcement placement, and concreting on shaping insulation layer material, builds and need complete in 24 hours after insulation layer material has been built.
Body of wall all constituents is done as a whole design by the present invention, design calculation process integration is considered, mechanical property insulation layer during mechanical calculation is also taken into account, using the mechanics of integral wall or thermal property as design considerations, simultaneously insulation layer and adjacent reinforced concrete bodies and surface layer one-body molded in factory, when meeting same function requirement, it is little that the existing tradition of minimum Thickness Ratio needed for this body of wall sticks on insulation layer method, can thickness of wall body be effectively reduced, and then improve building effective area rate; Meanwhile, body of wall is that prefabrication is shaping, insulation layer material homogeneity is good, stable performance, reliable in quality, make body of wall have good heat insulation effect.And the bulk strength of body of wall, dimensional accuracy, surface finish all can effectively be ensured.Layers of material connects time of compound there are strict requirements in addition, silicates material aquation is still being carried out, hydrated product can be made to intersect to form at the interface zone of layers of material, and be inorganic phase material or contain inorganic phase material, make adjacent reinforced concrete bodies and insulation layer, snap-in force between insulation layer and panel stronger, all formed firmly bonding, difficult drop-off during use.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can improve building and effectively improve building effective area rate, has good heat insulation effect, and bonding firm, difficult drop-off, can be used as load-bearing or non-bearing heat-insulation wall.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Form with a kind of reinforced concrete wall thick by 200mm, 10mm mortar, 75mmEPS warming plate and 15mm mortar and surface layer, gross thickness is 300mm non-bearing exterior wall is example, by building standard regulation energy-conservation 65%.According to construction method of the present invention, it is redesigned, makes it meet original thermal requirements, comprise the following steps:
The first step, chooses the material of body of wall composition each several part by rule of thumb and thickness is set to a default, and wherein said body of wall composition each several part comprises wall steel bar concrete main body layer, insulation layer and surface layer successively;
Be exactly specifically adjacent reinforced concrete bodies layer, the insulation layer of EPS concrete for making, the surface layer of calcium silicate board with microporous making that steel concrete makes, wherein strength grade of concrete is C30, EPS concrete 28 days compressive strength is 2.2MPa, and density is 600 ~ 700Kg/m
3, rule of thumb arranging each layer thickness is: adjacent reinforced concrete bodies layer 80mm, insulation layer 115mm, surface layer 5mm, and body of wall gross thickness is 200mm;
Second step, according to the default of the material chosen in the first step and setting, calculates whole wall insulation performance, the coefficient of thermal conductivity of space enclosing structure:
K＝1/R
Thermal resistance of enclosing structure:
R＝R
i+R
0+R
e
R in formula---thermal resistance of enclosing structure; R0---combined wall thermal resistance; Ri---heat exchange resistance of interior surface; Re---external surface heat exchange hinders
Combined wall coefficient of thermal conductivity:
K
0＝1/R
0
Combined wall thermal resistance:
R
0=2R
concrete+ R
core
Thermal resistance calculation formula:
Rm＝δ/Km
In formula: Rm---material thermal resistance; δ---material thickness; Km---material thermal conductivity
Carry out insulation to the wall structure of supposition to calculate, calculating now heat inertia index is 2.85, and coefficient of thermal conductivity is 0.60W/ (m
2k), according to building standard regulation, when energy-conservation 65%, when the heat inertia index of exterior wall is greater than 2.5, coefficient of thermal conductivity need be less than 1.05W/ (m
2k);
3rd step, according to the material determined in second step and default, calculates whole body of wall mechanical property, because body of wall is non-bearing wall, without there being mechanical requirements, meets the requirements.
4th step, by the 3rd step determined value, namely carry out the factory of heat-preserving wall by the designing requirement of adjacent reinforced concrete bodies layer 80mm, insulation layer 115mm, surface layer 5mm integrated prefabricated shaping, concrete manufacturing process is
(I) the concrete preparation of EPS;
First granular polystyrene is put into mixer, then add the powder stirring 30s such as sand, cement, flyash, latex powder, water-loss reducer, early strength admixture, air entraining agent, then add water and water reducing agent stirring 120s.
(II) EPS concreting step (I) obtained is on calcium silicate board with microporous, and built-in connection, is cast in EPS concrete and prepares in 30min and complete;
(III) shaping in step (II) insulation layer material carries out reinforcement placement, and C30 concreting on shaping EPS concrete, be cast in step (II) complete after 24 hours in complete.
5th step, carries out on-site consolidation construction by prefabricated heat-preserving wall.
The non-bearing heat-preserving body of wall that the present embodiment redesigns meets intrinsic thermal requirements, and each ingredient of body of wall carries out integrated prefabricated shaping, concrete main body and insulation layer, all formed between insulation layer with panel firmly bonding, difficult drop-off during use.Its gross thickness is 200mm, and thickness reduces 100mm, effectively can improve building effective area rate.And integrated prefabricated shaping, body of wall has good heat insulation effect, and bonding firm, difficult drop-off.
Embodiment 2
The load bearing wall that the gross thickness formed for a kind of existing reinforced concrete wall thick by 200mm, 10mm mortar, 75mmEPS warming plate, 15mm mortar and surface layer is 300mm, meet building standard regulation energy-conservation 65%, according to construction method of the present invention, it is redesigned, make it meet original thermal requirements, comprise the following steps:
The first step, chooses the material of body of wall composition each several part by rule of thumb and thickness is set to a default, and wherein said body of wall composition each several part comprises wall steel bar concrete main body layer, insulation layer and surface layer successively;
Be exactly specifically adjacent reinforced concrete bodies layer, the insulation layer of EPS concrete for making, the surface layer of fiber cement board making that steel concrete makes, wherein strength grade of concrete is C30, EPS concrete 28 days compressive strength is 4MPa, and density is 600-800Kg/m
3, rule of thumb arranging each layer thickness is: adjacent reinforced concrete bodies layer 150mm insulation layer 120mm, surface layer 5mm, and body of wall gross thickness is 275mm;
Second step, according to the default of the material chosen in the first step and setting, calculate whole wall insulation performance, now heat inertia index is 2.85, and coefficient of thermal conductivity is 0.95W/ (m
2k), according to building standard, when energy-conservation 65%, when the heat inertia index of exterior wall is greater than 2.5, coefficient of thermal conductivity need be less than 1.05W/ (m
2k);
3rd step, according to the material determined in second step and default, calculates whole body of wall mechanical property, meets original wall body designing requirement according to design specifications.
4th step, by the 3rd step determined value, namely carry out the factory of heat-preserving wall by the designing requirement of adjacent reinforced concrete bodies layer 150mm, insulation layer 120mm, surface layer 5mm integrated prefabricated shaping, concrete manufacturing process is:
(I) the concrete preparation of EPS;
First granular polystyrene is put into mixer, then add the powder stirring 30s such as sand, cement, flyash, latex powder, water-loss reducer, early strength admixture, air entraining agent, then add water and water reducing agent stirring 120s.
(II) EPS concreting step (I) obtained is on fiber cement board, and pre-buried glass fiber-reinforced polymer connector, is cast in EPS concrete and prepares in 30min hour and complete;
(III) on shaping EPS concrete, carry out reinforcement placement, and C30 concreting on shaping EPS concrete, be cast in step (II) complete after 24 hours in complete.
5th step, carries out on-site consolidation construction by prefabricated heat-preserving wall.
Claims (7)
1. a construction method for monolithic heat-preserving wall, is characterized in that, it comprises following step:
(1) choose the material of body of wall composition each several part by rule of thumb and thickness be set to a default, wherein said body of wall composition each several part comprises wall steel bar concrete main body layer, insulation layer and surface layer successively;
(2) according to the default of the material chosen in step (1) and setting, array function is pressed to whole wall insulation performance and calculates:
The coefficient of thermal conductivity of space enclosing structure:
K＝1/R
Thermal resistance of enclosing structure:
R＝R
i+R
0+R
e
R in formula---thermal resistance of enclosing structure; R
0---combined wall thermal resistance; Ri---heat exchange resistance of interior surface;
Re---external surface heat exchange hinders
Combined wall coefficient of thermal conductivity:
K
0＝1/R
0
Combined wall thermal resistance:
R
0=2R
concrete+ R
core
Thermal resistance calculation formula:
Rm＝δ/Km
In formula: Rm---material thermal resistance; δ---material thickness; Km---material thermal conductivity
What result of calculation met building standard then carries out further work, otherwise need carry out resetting default according to step (1),
(3) according to the material determined in step (2) and default, whole body of wall mechanical property is calculated, what result of calculation met building standard then carries out further work, otherwise need carry out resetting default according to step (1);
(4) heat-preserving wall each several part will be carried out integrated prefabricated shaping according to the material determined in step (3) and default;
(5) heat-preserving wall prefabricated in step (4) is carried out on-site consolidation construction.
2. the construction method of a kind of monolithic heat-preserving wall as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), the concrete strength of wall steel bar concrete main body layer is C30-C60, insulation layer adopts light heat insulation material, and surface layer adopts fiber concrete slab or calcium silicate board with microporous or glass magnesium plate.
3. the construction method of a kind of monolithic heat-preserving wall as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), according to the material determined in step (2) and default, when whole body of wall mechanical property is calculated, if body of wall is load bearing wall, then need to calculate by mechanical property standard, what result of calculation met building standard then carries out further work; If body of wall is non-bearing wall, then body of wall is without mechanical property requirements, then directly carry out further work.
4. the construction method of a kind of monolithic heat-preserving wall as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the compressive strength >2MPa choosing the material of insulation layer in described step (1), and can with concrete main body layer jointly as the bearing part of structure.
5. the construction method of a kind of monolithic heat-preserving wall as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: according to the material determined in step (3) and default, heat-preserving wall each several part is carried out integrated prefabricated shaping process in described step (4) and comprise following step:
(I) preparation of insulation layer material;
(II) the insulation layer material that step (I) obtains is cast on surface layer, and built-in connection, build and need complete in 1 hour after prepared by insulation layer material;
(III) shaping in step (II) insulation layer material carries out reinforcement placement, and concreting on shaping insulation layer material, builds and need complete in 24 hours after insulation layer material has been built.
6. the construction method of a kind of monolithic heat-preserving wall as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), body of wall is non-bearing wall, the material that wall steel bar concrete main body layer, insulation layer and surface layer are chosen is followed successively by steel concrete, EPS concrete and calcium silicate board with microporous, thickness is set to 80mm, 115mm and 5mm respectively, and body of wall meets building standard.
7. the construction method of a kind of monolithic heat-preserving wall as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when in described step (3), body of wall is load bearing wall, the material that wall steel bar concrete main body layer, insulation layer and surface layer are chosen is followed successively by steel concrete, EPS concrete and calcium silicate board with microporous, when thickness is set to 150mm, 120mm and 5mm respectively, body of wall then meets building standard.
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