CN104094766A - Yellow flag optimal cultivation method - Google Patents
Yellow flag optimal cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104094766A CN104094766A CN201410369667.9A CN201410369667A CN104094766A CN 104094766 A CN104094766 A CN 104094766A CN 201410369667 A CN201410369667 A CN 201410369667A CN 104094766 A CN104094766 A CN 104094766A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a yellow flag optimal cultivation method. The method comprises the following steps: screening a proper optimal cultivation substrate specific to the growth characteristics of yellow flag, wherein the substrate comprises 60 percent by volume of soil, 30 percent by volume of coal cinder and 10 percent by volume of ceramsite, selecting a reasonable cultivation measure specific to different growing periods and different cultivation sites environments, and performing seedling-supporting cultivation on seedlings in a xeric environment specific to the characteristic of the amphibious plant at a young seedling stage; when yellow flag grows to a strong seedling stage, performing wet cultivation to grow yellow flag in a shallow water environment of 5-8 centimeters in water depth; at the later stage of growth, spraying a paclobutrazol solution for three times in total, once every ten days, to prevent lodging and promote the robust development of root systems, wherein the concentration of the paclobutrazol solution is 500-800mg/L, and 50ml of paclobutrazol solution is sprayed onto each plant. By adopting the set of optimal technology, the survive rate and strong seedling rate of yellow flag are increased, and the ornamental value is increased.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to yellow flag Optimum Cultivation method.
Background technology: yellow flag, call yellow iris, be perennial humidogene or water persistent root herbs very, plant is tall and big, and rhizome is short and thick.Leaf is dense, and base is raw, green, and yataghan shape, long 60--100 centimetre, middle rib is obvious, and the horizontal reticulate venation of tool.Scape is slightly above leaf, the lobe top oblong of hanging down, and base portion is closely wide, tool brown speckle or nothing, vexil is faint yellow, 8 centimetres of Hua Jing.Capsule is microscler, inside has seed majority, and seed brown, has corner angle.Florescence 5--6 month.Strong adaptability, resistance to half the moon of happiness light, drought-enduring also moisture-proof, sandy loam and clay can be grown, and happiness water is wet, in be everlasting water side or shallow water, grows.Growth thermophilic 15--30 DEG C, temperature is down to 10 DEG C and is stopped growing below, and winter, acrial part was withered, and rhizome is underground survives the winter, extremely cold-resistant.Accommodation is extensive, can, in the outdoor cropping of limit, pond, also can in water, endure hydroponics, and appreciation effect is fine.Originate in Europe.China's various places introducing and planting, happiness is born on the epibenthic wetland in river or marshland.Yellow flag blade is emerald green as sword, and pattern is gorgeous and large-scale, and swallow swarming like flying is danced, beautiful incomparable, is rich in temperament and interest, can be arranged in the wet place of water or the phytal zone of the Chi Pan river bank in gardens, both considerable leaves, and also considerable flower, is the hygrophyte that ornamental value is very high.
In view of yellow flag is in part specific environment application, sword type leaf growth out of concrete application highly, and often has lodging phenomenon.From landscape construction and maintenance management angle, be necessary by suitable measure, it to be carried out suitably downgrading and processing, prevent that it from occurring lodging phenomenon.
Summary of the invention: the present invention be a kind of survival rate that can improve yellow flag, strong sprout rate, strengthen the Optimum Cultivation method of its ornamental value.The solution of the present invention is: a kind of yellow flag Optimum Cultivation method, screen a kind of yellow flag Optimum Cultivation matrix formulations: the Optimum Cultivation matrix of selecting screening: the volume ratio of each material is: loam 60%: cinder 30%: haydite 10%; Seedling Stage is comforted seedling, Plant technique with xeric environment, when yellow flag grow into the phase in strong sprout time, carry out humidogene cultivation, allow it be grown in the shallow-water environment that 5-8cm is dark; Enter the growth later stage, spray paclobutrazol solution, paclobutrazol (PP333) (chemical name: (2RS, 3RS)-1-(4-chlorphenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) penta-3-alcohol), every spray in 10 days once, spray altogether 3 times, paclobutrazol liquor capacity specific concentration is 500-800mg/L, every strain 50ml.
The present invention is according to the growth characteristics characteristic of yellow flag, screen suitable Optimum Cultivation matrix loam 60%: cinder 30%: haydite 10%, for different growing stage and different on the spot environment of cultivation, adopt rational cultivation means, in seedling seedling period, for the characteristic of its amphibious plant, Seedling Stage is comforted seedling, strong sprout Plant technique with xeric environment.
When yellow flag grow into the phase in strong sprout time, carry out humidogene cultivation, allow it be grown in the shallow-water environment that 5-8cm is dark.Enter the growth later stage, for preventing that it from occurring lodging, promote its root system development stalwartness, we spray paclobutrazol solution to it, every 10 days once, 3 times altogether, concentration 500-800mg/L, every strain 50ml.By this cover optimisation technique, can improve yellow flag survival rate, strong sprout rate, strengthen its ornamental value.
Fig. 1 is the effect comparison table of yellow flag Optimal Cultivation Techniques and conventional cultivation technology.Conventional yellow flag cultivation method is loam plantation, under non-irrigated carded sliver part, does not spray paclobutrazol medicament in cultivation process all the time; Our Optimal Cultivation Techniques is in preferred substrate, loam 60%: cinder 30%: haydite 10% is cultivated, and Seedling Stage is comforted seedling, strong sprout Plant technique with xeric environment.When yellow flag grow into the phase in strong sprout time, carry out humidogene cultivation, allow it be grown in the shallow-water environment that 5-8cm is dark.Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 contrast known: enter the growth later stage at yellow flag, spray its lodging of paclobutrazol chemical control.Through overtesting comparison, under conventional cultivation mode, the rate in strong sprout of yellow flag is 70%, and lodging rate is 30%; The yellow flag of cultivating by optimization method, strong sprout, rate reached 90%, and lodging rate is below 5%.Increase tillering of the yellow flag of Optimum Cultivation flower, pattern is more gorgeous simultaneously, and sight is stronger.
Paclobutrazol is the synthetic inhibitor of endogenous gibberellins, also can improve the activity of plant indoleacetic acid oxidase, reduces the level of plant endogenous IAA.Obviously weaken plant tip growth advantage, promote lateral bud (tillering) to grow.The short strong many tillers of seedling outward appearance performance, leaf look dark green, well developed root system.Anatomical research shows, paclobutrazol can make the cell of root, leaf sheath, leaf diminish, and the cell number of plies of each organ increases, so effectively improve the lodging tolerance of yellow flag.
The paclobutrazol solution of 500-800mg/L, can promote the photosynthetic efficiency of seedling leaves, improves root respiration intensity, reduces acrial part respiratory intensity, improves Stoma of Leaves resistance, reduces blade face transpiration.There is the plant growth of delaying, suppress cane and extend, shorten internode, promote plant tillering, promote flower bud differentiation, increase plant stress-resistance performance.
Paclobutrazol is growth regulator conventional in a kind of agricultural simultaneously, and environmental sound, belongs to the safer biologic product of a kind of use.
Haydite and cinder are all to have porous, light weight, special tectonic that surface strength is high, the needs of plant water suction have been met for afforestation, also met ventilative requirement, inner multiple-void structure is conducive to the growth of root system of plant, for plant provides necessary trace element simultaneously.
Haydite is generally haydites of book structure, taking shale ore as raw material, after fragmentation, under the high temperature of 1200 DEG C of left and right, fuses, and the spherical haydite expanding into, then form through screening.Haydites of book structure shell is dirty-green, and epidermis is hard, and inside is leaden, porous light weight.Haydite surface is more coarse, irregular, between aperture, is interconnected.Haydite is many to be burnt till and is formed by mine tailing stones such as flyash, clay, bed mud, mud, gangue, lime stones, therefore can consume a large amount of trade wastes, reduces processing cost, is conducive to preserve the ecological environment.It is 25 millimeters that the particle diameter of haydite is generally 5～20 millimeters of maximum particle diameters.Ceramsite carrier is that shale or the clay with expansion character are pulverized to homogenizing, and interpolation activator and water stir into spherical, then enter kiln high temperature burning swollen, then are sieved, wash, dry and make.The wood property research of ceramsite carrier shows, its main chemical is SiO
2, Al
2o
3, Fe
2o
3, less important composition has CaO, MgO etc., and it is a kind of not containing harmful heavy metal ion and the inorganic material of other harmful substance.
Because haydite has porous, light weight, special tectonic that surface strength is high, met the needs of plant water suction for afforestation, also meet ventilative requirement simultaneously.Ceramic grain filter can be used as the bio-film colonization carrier in industrial wastewater high load capacity biofilter material pond, the micro polluted source of running water, pretreated biofilter. and the coarse material of oily waste water, carries out ion exchange; It has the harmful element in adsorbed water body, bacterium, and mineralized water quality, is the best filtrate of active bio degraded harmful substance effect, and best biofilm carrier in biofilter.
Cinder is the waste residue of discharging from industry and civil boiler and other equipment fire coals.The chemical composition of cinder is SiO
240%～50%, Al
2o
330%～35%, Fe
2o
34%～20%, CaO1%～5%.Its mineral composition mainly contains: anorthite, quartz, mullite, magnetic iron ore and pyrite, a large amount of siliceous vitreum (Al
2o
32SiO
2) and active SiO
2, active A l
2o
3and a small amount of fire coal etc.Its architectural feature is porous material, has adsorption activity.Cinder advantage: air-and water-permeable, contain utmost point multiple trace element, such as iron oxide, calcium oxide, magnesia etc.Contain through the stone of a large amount of burnings, loess and so on the required medium of planting, cost is comparatively cheap, and the engineering that has wilderness demand for those is a kind of desirable cultivation matrix.
Paclobutrazol (PP333) (chemical name: (2RS, 3RS)-1-(4-chlorphenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) penta-3-alcohol), being the triazole type plant growth regulator of succeeding in developing the eighties, is the synthetic inhibitor of endogenous gibberellins.Also can improve the activity of plant indoleacetic acid oxidase, reduce the level of plant endogenous IAA.Obviously weaken plant tip growth advantage, promote lateral bud (tillering) to grow.The short strong many tillers of seedling outward appearance performance, leaf look dark green, well developed root system.Anatomical research shows, paclobutrazol can make the cell of root, leaf sheath, leaf diminish, and the cell number of plies of each organ increases.Paclobutrazol low concentration is promoted the photosynthetic efficiency of seedling leaves; High concentration suppresses photosynthetic efficiency, improves root respiration intensity, reduces acrial part respiratory intensity, improves Stoma of Leaves resistance, reduces blade face transpiration.
The agriculture using value of paclobutrazol is its control effect to plant growth.There is the plant growth of delaying, suppress cane and extend, shorten internode, promote plant tillering, promote flower bud differentiation, increase plant stress-resistance performance, improve output texts.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the yellow flag Optimum Cultivation test effect table of comparisons
Fig. 2 is that yellow flag sprays variable concentrations paclobutrazol effect comparison table
The yellow flag of Fig. 3 conventional method cultivation
The yellow flag of Fig. 4 Optimum Cultivation method cultivation
Embodiment:
A kind of yellow flag Optimum Cultivation method, has screened a kind of yellow flag Optimum Cultivation matrix formulations: select the Optimum Cultivation matrix of screening, the volume ratio of each material is: loam 60%: cinder 30%: haydite 10%; Seedling Stage is comforted seedling, Plant technique with xeric environment, when yellow flag grow into the phase in strong sprout time, carry out humidogene cultivation, allow it be grown in the shallow-water environment that 5-8cm is dark; Enter the growth later stage, spray paclobutrazol solution, paclobutrazol (PP333) (chemical name: (2RS, 3RS)-1-(4-chlorphenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) penta-3-alcohol), every spray in 10 days once, spray altogether 3 times, paclobutrazol liquor capacity specific concentration is 500-800mg/L, every strain 50ml.
Instantiation 1:2012 April 20, we have selected 30 strain robust growth, highly identical annual yellow flag seedling.10 strains are one group, respectively in three kinds of different matrix, these three kinds of matrix percents by volume respectively: 1, loam; 2, loam: sand=2:1; 3, loam: slag: haydite=6:3:1.We make discovery from observation, and yellow flag can normal growth in matrix 1, in matrix 2 growth not good, in matrix 3, grow very healthy and strong.Analyze its reason, slag and haydite all belong to loose matrix, have strengthened the preserve moisture and fertility ability of matrix entirety, are conducive to the growth of yellow flag.So we select the cultivation matrix of matrix 3 as us.
Instantiation 2:2012 May 20, we have selected 60 strain robust growth, highly identical annual yellow flag seedlings, and every 30 strains are one group, are divided into two groups of A, B.A group is under non-irrigated carded sliver part all the time grows, the B group initial stage grows under non-irrigated carded sliver part, after 1 month (about June 20) start water filling gradually, grow until it is grown under the water humidogene environment of depth of water 5-8cm, after 1 month, (July 20) is through paired observation, find the yellow flag of B group, robust growth, tillering of flower is more, and plant type is more plentiful, individual plant flower par increases by 10% left and right compared with the A group of the growth same period, and pattern is more gorgeous.Therefore, we think that yellow flag is typical amphibious plant, drought raw with water humidogene environment can normal growth, at Seedling Stage with non-irrigated carded sliver part for well, after entering large seedling stage, more suitable to cultivate under the dark water wet environment of 5-8cm.
Instantiation 3:2013 May 21, we choose the close yellow flag of 240 strain growing way, 40 strains are 1 group, and spraying respectively volume by volume concentration is the paclobutrazol solution of 300mg/L, 500mg/L, 800mg/L, 1000mg/L, 1500mg/L, leave 1 group and do not spray paclobutrazol as blank.Every 10 days once, 3 times altogether, each every strain amount of spraying is 50ml.
Through paired observation, spray volume by volume concentration and be the yellow flag growth potential of 300mg/L paclobutrazol solution compared with control group, Dwarf Effect on Dwarf is not remarkable.Spray volume by volume concentration and be the yellow flag growth potential of paclobutrazol solution of 500mg/L and 800mg/L compared with control group, it is short that plant becomes, and grow more healthy and strong, and the phenomenon that lodges obviously reduces, the colored increase of tillering, and pattern is more gorgeous.Spray volume by volume concentration and be the yellow flag of paclobutrazol solution of 1000mg/L and 1500mg/L compared with control group, occurred obvious poisoning, plant height only has the 50%-60% of control group, downgrades obviously, inflorescence is also less even can not become colored, has had a strong impact on its ornamental value.Therefore, we think that entering seedlings after date at yellow flag sprays the paclobutrazol solution that volume by volume concentration is 500-800mg/L, can promote its stalwartness growth, can prevent its lodging situation, effectively improve its ornamental value, yellow flag sprays variable concentrations paclobutrazol effect and sees Fig. 2.Can find at the photo of mid-July by yellow flag: the yellow flag of conventional method cultivation in Fig. 3, its plant is higher, and part plant has started to occur lodging situation, has had a strong impact on its ornamental value.Fig. 4 adopts the yellow flag of our Optimum Cultivation method cultivation, and plant is slightly short, grows stalwartness, does not occur lodging situation, has solved better the problem of yellow flag lodging.Can find out from above 3 examples, choose Optimum Cultivation matrix percent by volume (60% loam: 30% cinder: 10% haydite, its seedlings after date suitably cultivation in the dark aquatic environment of 5-8cm, enter seedlings after date and spray the paclobutrazol solution that volume by volume concentration is 500-800mg/L, this is the core content of our optimisation technique.By applying of the cultivation matrix of optimizing, suitable depth of water growing environment and finite concentration paclobutrazol solution, this set of Optimum Cultivation measure, can obviously promote the healthy and strong growth of yellow flag, effectively reduces the generation of lodging situation, has improved its ornamental value.
Claims (1)
1. a yellow flag Optimum Cultivation method, is characterized in that: screened a kind of yellow flag Optimum Cultivation matrix formulations: the Optimum Cultivation matrix of selecting screening: the volume ratio of each material is: loam 60%: cinder 30%: haydite 10%; Seedling Stage is comforted seedling, Plant technique with xeric environment, when yellow flag grow into the phase in strong sprout time, carry out humidogene cultivation, allow it be grown in the shallow-water environment that 5-8cm is dark; Enter the growth later stage, spray paclobutrazol solution, paclobutrazol (PP333) (chemical name: (2RS, 3RS)-1-(4-chlorphenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) penta-3-alcohol), every spray in 10 days once, spray altogether 3 times, paclobutrazol liquor capacity specific concentration is 500-800mg/L, every strain 50ml.
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| CN112219662A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-15 | 重庆市药物种植研究所 | Propagation method of rhizoma acori graminei |
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Application publication date: 20141015 |