CN104075795B - Method and system for monitoring vibration state of impeller of wind generating set - Google Patents
Method and system for monitoring vibration state of impeller of wind generating set Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method and system for monitoring the vibration state of an impeller of a wind turbine generator system are provided. The method comprises the following steps: detecting vibration acceleration in at least one direction at a preset measuring point on a wind generating set blade according to a preset detection period, synchronously acquiring data of at least one set operating parameter of the wind generating set, and recording the acquired set operating parameter data and the detected vibration acceleration data; selecting a data set of recorded unit operation parameter data and vibration acceleration data which exceed a preset number; removing vibration acceleration data detected when the wind generating set is in an abnormal working condition from the data set according to the set operation parameters, performing operation mode analysis on the vibration acceleration data detected at measuring points on the blades, extracting at least one of natural frequency, damping ratio and vibration mode of the blades in an operation state, and determining whether the impeller of the wind generating set is in fault according to the extracted natural frequency, damping ratio and vibration mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of impeller Condition Monitoring Technology of wind power generating set, more particularly to one kind to be used to monitor wind-force
The method and system of the bladed disk vibration state of generating set.
Background technology
The impeller of wind power generating set mainly includes blade and wheel hub；Blade is the part that wind-driven generator draws wind energy,
Wheel hub is to install blade and the part of blower variable-pitch mechanism.
From complete machine dynamics and loading analysis, impeller (including blade) partly bears the load of complete machine more than 90%, and by
Power is complicated, environmental working condition is severe, and especially blade is the most complicated part of stress.Blade ceaselessly rotates, and load has alternation
And randomness, various exciting forces are passed by blade.Great event is easiest to out so impeller is wind power generating set
The part of barrier, for example, leaf destruction, wheel hub are cracked, blade pitch device failure the problems such as.The impeller wheel portion of wind power generating set
Ceaselessly rotated during fan operation, and blade carries out change oar with the size of wind speed, and this transmits and gathered for signal
All it is unfavorable, so not having reliable method to be monitored in real time to impeller wheel portion in industry at present.
At present, on the one hand, because impeller is the rotary part of blower fan, although can be used for reference from other industry, revolving
There are reliability and stability in the signal acquisition of rotation member and transmission, for direct-drive unit, hub portion is present in
In strong magnetic field circumstance, this problem is more prominent；On the other hand, the research for bladed disk vibration state is not also very thorough, selection
Suitable sensor and data acquisition equipment are a difficult points.
Because impeller wheel portion is one of part for being easiest to significant trouble occur, and once failure consequence is serious,
So if status monitoring can be carried out to this part, failure is given warning in advance, or take to remedy when failure is lighter and arrange
Apply, then significant for reducing fan operation maintenance cost.
The status monitoring of blade is concentrated mainly on currently for the Condition Monitoring Technology of impeller system, utilizes light sensor
The strain gauge deflection of blade is gathered, then obtaining the mechanics such as the stress of blade, moment of flexure, moment of torsion according to mechanics corresponding relation believes
Breath.These method advantages be it is with clearly defined objective failure may occurs in blade directly when a certain mechanical index exceedes design load,
But shortcoming is more prominent：On the one hand, fibre optical sensor and corresponding data acquisition equipment are expensive；On the other hand, strain gauge
Deformation signal is easily disturbed, while is not again very sensitive for exciting force, for blade nonlinear material, if expected
Mechanical information, also need to carry out experimental calibration.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method for monitoring the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set and it is
System, by detecting the vibration data of blade and combining leaf of the floor data to detection under wind power generating set running status
Piece vibration data is analyzed, and identifies the data that may be broken down, to help under operation impeller to be done to be out of order to examine
It is disconnected.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of method for being used to monitor the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set,
Including：Shaking at least one direction at predetermined measuring point on wind generator set blade is detected according to predetermined detection cycle
Dynamic acceleration and the data for synchronously obtaining at least one unit operation parameter of wind power generating set, and record the machine of acquisition
Group operational parameter data and the vibration acceleration data of detection；Choose the unit operation supplemental characteristic of the record of a predetermined level is exceeded
With the data acquisition system of vibration acceleration data；Following handle is performed to the data acquisition system of selection：According to unit operation parameter from institute
State data acquisition system and remove the vibration acceleration data detected when wind power generating set is in unusual service condition, on blade
The vibration acceleration data detected at measuring point perform operational modal analysis, are extracted in intrinsic frequency, the resistance of running status lower blade
Buddhist nun than with it is at least one in the vibration shape, and wind power generating set is determined according to the intrinsic frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape of extraction
Whether impeller breaks down.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of to be for monitor the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set
System, including：At least one vibrating sensor, at least one direction being arranged at the predetermined measuring point on wind generator set blade
On, for detecting the vibration acceleration at the predetermined measuring point；Bladed disk vibration data acquisition device, for according to predetermined detection
At least one vibrating sensor described in periodic Control detects the vibration acceleration at least one direction at the predetermined measuring point, and
And the vibration acceleration detected is sent to status data collection device；Status data collection device, for making a reservation for described
Detection cycle synchronously obtain wind power generating set at least one unit operation parameter data, record acquisition unit fortune
Row supplemental characteristic and the vibration acceleration data received from bladed disk vibration data acquisition device, and choose a predetermined level is exceeded
The unit operation supplemental characteristic of record and the data acquisition system of vibration acceleration data；Vibration data screening plant, for according to machine
Group operational factor is removed from the data acquisition system that status data collection device is chosen and examined when wind power generating set is in unusual service condition
The vibration acceleration data measured；Vibrating data analysis device, for the vibration acceleration to being detected at the measuring point on blade
Data perform operational modal analysis, be extracted in it is at least one in the intrinsic frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape of running status lower blade,
And whether the impeller for determining wind power generating set according to the intrinsic frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape of extraction breaks down.
Beneficial effect
The method and system for being used to monitor the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set of the present invention is by being periodically detected
The data unit operation of the vibration data combination synchronous acquisition of impeller, the vibration to wind power generating set impeller under operation
Data carry out operational modal analysis, identify the data that may be broken down, to help under operation to do impeller to be out of order
Diagnosis.Methods described is cheap compared with the method for the strain gauge deflection using fibre optical sensor collection blade, analysis method phase
It is high to simple and accuracy.
In addition, the method and system of the bladed disk vibration state for monitoring wind power generating set of the present invention passes through periodically
The data unit operation of the vibration data combination synchronous acquisition of impeller is detected, to wind power generating set impeller under operation
Vibration data performs the analysis of time domain and/or frequency domain, so as to not only can recognize that the generation of failure, and can determine that what is broken down
Moment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the bladed disk vibration state for being used to monitor wind power generating set for showing the exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
System overall architecture schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the bladed disk vibration state for being used to monitor wind power generating set for showing the exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
Method flow chart；
Fig. 3 is to show the bladed disk vibration for being used to monitor wind power generating set in accordance with an alternative illustrative embodiment of the present invention
The flow chart of the method for state；
Fig. 4 is the bladed disk vibration state for being used to monitor wind power generating set for showing the exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
System logic diagram.
Embodiment
The bladed disk vibration state for being used to monitor wind power generating set of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Method and system.
Fig. 1 is the bladed disk vibration state for being used to monitor wind power generating set for showing the exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
System overall architecture schematic diagram.
Reference picture 1, in the bladed disk vibration shape for being used to monitor wind power generating set of the exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
In the system of state, at least one vibrating sensor 110 is set at the measuring point on the blade of impeller, and in the measuring point extremely
The vibrating sensor 110 is set on a few direction (such as blade wave direction and edgewise direction etc.).Furthermore, it is possible to
Vibrating sensor (not shown) is also provided with least one direction at measuring point in the wheel hub of impeller.Can be according to the specific of unit
The informix of parameter and wind field considers to determine the ginsengs such as the sensitivity of sensor, maximum range, Hz-KHz, suitable environment
Number, selects most suitable vibrating sensor.
The predetermined measuring point on wind generator set blade is detected with predetermined detection cycle by these vibrating sensors
Locate the vibration acceleration at least one direction.On this basis, the master control system for configuring wind power generating set is examined with identical
Gather the data of at least one unit operation parameter of wind power generating set with surveying cycle synchronisation.
In the process of running, the bladed disk vibration out of measuring point detection vibration acceleration tidal data recovering to impeller hub
Data acquisition device 120, bladed disk vibration data acquisition device 120 connect the vibration acceleration number that will collect by wired or wireless
According to the status data collection device 130 being sent in cabin.In addition, the status data collection device 130 is sent out from wind-force
The master control system of group of motors obtains the data of at least one unit operation parameter of the wind power generating set of synchronous acquisition.
According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, status data collection device 130 is by the vibration acceleration data and machine
The data of group operational factor are sent to user terminal by wireless connection, by user terminal to the vibration acceleration data and machine
The data of group operational factor perform the analysis of impeller vibrational state.Vibration data screening dress can be equipped with the subscriber terminal equipment
Put 140 and vibrating data analysis device 150 (as shown in Figure 4) the vibration acceleration data are carried out with reference to unit operational factor
Screen and the vibration acceleration data by screening are performed with the analysis of impeller vibrational state.But the invention is not restricted to this
Configuration, can also set the vibration acceleration data of the software module to reception in the status data collection device 130
The analysis of impeller vibrational state is performed with the data of unit operation parameter.
Fig. 2 is the bladed disk vibration state for being used to monitor wind power generating set for showing the exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
Method flow chart.
Parameter Map 2, in step S210, the pre- location survey on wind generator set blade is detected according to predetermined detection cycle
Point locate at least one direction on vibration acceleration and synchronously acquisition wind power generating set at least one unit operation parameter
Data, and record collection unit operation supplemental characteristic and detection vibration acceleration data.According to the preferred of the present invention
Embodiment, in step S210, the predetermined measuring point on wind generator unit wheel hub is detected always according to the predetermined detection cycle
Locate the vibration acceleration at least one direction, to collect the vibration data on blade and wheel hub under operation.Specifically,
The unit operation parameter may include：Wind speed, the rotating speed of wind power generating set, the power of wind power generating set, wind-driven generator
The driftage state of group and the change paddle state of wind power generating set.The wind-force can be gathered by the master control system of wind power generating set
The data of at least one unit operation parameter of generating set.
In step S220, the unit operation supplemental characteristic and vibration acceleration data of the record of a predetermined level is exceeded are chosen
Data acquisition system, to ensure the analysis for the screening and step S240 for thering are sufficient amount of data to carry out step S230.
In step S230, removed according to unit operation parameter from the data acquisition system and be in abnormal work in wind power generating set
The vibration acceleration data detected during condition.Specifically, the unusual service condition is following at least one：Wind power generating set occurs
Driftage, wind power generating set occur to become oar, wind field turbulence intensity is more than predetermined turbulent flow threshold value, wind speed is most in first scheduled time
The big power variation rate for being worth the wind power generating set more than predetermined wind difference threshold value, in second scheduled time with the difference of minimum value is more than pre-
Determine changed power threshold value and the relative speed variation of wind power generating set is more than desired speed change threshold in the 3rd scheduled time.
Because the vibration characteristics that wind power generating set is presented under abnormal operational conditions differs greatly, that is detected under unusual service condition shakes
Dynamic data can not objectively respond the running status of impeller, it is therefore necessary to which rejecting can recognize that as the vibration number under unusual service condition
According to.
If for example, in the unit operation parameter of collection, driftage state is 1 or non-zero, it indicates that the wind-power electricity generation
Unit is gone off course, it is determined that now wind power generating set is in unusual service condition, therefore be can remove the wind power generating set and is in
The vibration acceleration data detected during driftage state；If for example, in the unit operation parameter of collection, become paddle state as 1
Or non-zero, it indicates that the wind power generating set occurs to become oar, it is determined that now wind power generating set is in unusual service condition, therefore can
Remove the wind power generating set and be in the vibration acceleration data for becoming and being detected during paddle state；For another example wind power generating set
In IEC Group III wind area, if wind speed turbulivity is more than predetermined turbulent flow threshold value (such as 0.32) in 10 minutes, can determine that
Wind power generating set is in unusual service condition, therefore can remove what is detected during the wind speed turbulivity is more than predetermined turbulent flow threshold value
Vibration acceleration data；If for another example the maximum and minimum of the wind speed gathered within first scheduled time of such as 2 minutes
The difference of value is more than predetermined wind difference threshold value (such as 10 meter per seconds), then can determine that wind power generating set is in unusual service condition, therefore can remove
The maximum of wind speed and the difference of minimum value are more than the vibration acceleration number detected in first scheduled time of predetermined wind difference threshold value
According to；For another example if the power variation rate in second scheduled time (such as 10 minutes) interior wind power generating set is more than predetermined power
It change threshold (such as 400 kilowatts/second), then can determine that wind power generating set is in unusual service condition, therefore can remove wind-driven generator
The power variation rate of group is more than the vibration acceleration data detected during predetermined power change threshold；If for another example
The relative speed variation of three scheduled times (such as 10 minutes) interior wind power generating set is more than (such as 10 revs/min of desired speed change threshold
Clock), it may be determined that wind power generating set is in unusual service condition, therefore can remove the relative speed variation of wind power generating set more than predetermined
The vibration acceleration data detected during rotation speed change threshold value.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, step S220 also includes, to the vibration acceleration number in the data acquisition system
According to LPF is carried out, the vibration acceleration data more than preset frequency threshold value are removed from the data acquisition system.Generally, blade and
The vibration frequency of wheel hub is generally below 50Hz, and by carrying out LPF to the vibration acceleration data, it is higher to filter frequency
Irrational vibration frequency, and filter due to abnormal vibrations factor caused by environment accidentalia.
According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, can also be by by removing shaking for processing after step S220 processing is performed
Dynamic acceleration information is sent to the master control system of wind power generating set, in order to which master control system further determines that blade (and wheel hub)
Vibration acceleration whether exceed normal vibration value scope.
If after step S230 removal processing is carried out, the quantity of the vibration acceleration data in the data acquisition system is low
In certain quantity, then need to return to step S210, continue detection and the unit operation parameter number of vibration acceleration data
According to acquisition；If after step S230 removal processing is carried out, there is sufficient amount of vibration to add in the data acquisition system
Speed data, then perform step S240.
In step S240, operational modal analysis is performed to the vibration acceleration data detected at the measuring point on blade, carried
Take it is at least one in the intrinsic frequency of blade, damping ratio and the vibration shape under operation, and according to the intrinsic frequency of extraction,
Damping ratio and the vibration shape determine whether the impeller of wind power generating set breaks down.
Operational modal analysis (OMA) is application of the system identification method in Engineering Vibration field, in structure running
In, carry out modal parameters identification by gathering structural response signal.In the present invention, will be under operation on blade
Measuring point at detect vibration acceleration data perform operational modal analysis as structural response signal, so as to be extracted in run
It is at least one in the intrinsic frequency of state lower blade, damping ratio and the vibration shape.Wherein, vibration shape reflection blade is in the process of running
Vibrational state, the resonant frequency of intrinsic frequency reflection blade in the mounted state, damping ratio reflection blade dissipation vibrational energy
Situation.
According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, at least one parameter in time domain method, frequency domain method and time-frequency method can be used to know
Other method performs operational modal analysis to the vibration acceleration data detected at the measuring point on blade.
Hereafter, by by the intrinsic frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape of extraction design parameter value corresponding with wind power generating set
Be compared to determine wind power generating set impeller whether there occurs failure.For example, if the damping ratio of extraction is higher by wind-force
The predetermined diagnostic value of the damping ratio design load of generating set, then can primarily determine that there occurs failure for impeller.
The wind-force that is used to monitor that the present invention is can be seen that by referring to Fig. 2 exemplary embodiments of the invention described is sent out
The method of the bladed disk vibration state of group of motors is by being periodically detected the unit operation of the vibration data combination synchronous acquisition of impeller
Data, to wind power generating set under operation impeller vibration data carry out operational modal analysis, identification may occur therefore
The data of barrier, to help to make fault diagnosis to impeller under operation.Methods described is relatively using fibre optical sensor collection leaf
The method of the strain gauge deflection of piece is cheap, and analysis method is relatively easy and accuracy is high.
Fig. 3 is to show the bladed disk vibration for being used to monitor wind power generating set in accordance with an alternative illustrative embodiment of the present invention
The flow chart of the method for state.
Impeller system is that wind power generating set goes out Force system.If impeller system goes wrong, the lighter causes unit to stop
Machine, influences generated energy and availability, and severe one causes blade, wheel hub fracture even tower.For example, when the blade of unit changes
During change (such as crackle, flexing), or when blade loading is excessive cause deformable blade excessive when, the vibration frequency of blade can occur
Change.In spite of when this vibration frequency change be not it is obvious that still when turbines vane damages, the rigidity of blade or
Quality will be changed, and the vibration frequency of blade can be caused to change；When blade ice coating, the quality of blade changes,
This vibration frequency for again resulting in blade changes.When blade overloads, increase dynamic excitation power, this will cause vibration amplitude
Increase, this also will vibration time domain waveform and frequency spectrum in reflect.Therefore, in the embodiment show in figure 3, the present invention is also
It is proposed to analyze shaking for blade and wheel hub before and after blade and wheel hub failure by combining vibration data and unit operation supplemental characteristic
Dynamic change, to lock the situation of impeller failure generation.
Step S210~S240 processing is similar to the processing of the corresponding steps in Fig. 2 in Fig. 3, and adds step
S250 processing.Step S250 can be performed after step S230 is performed, step S240 and S250 execution sequence are inessential.
In step S250, time-domain analysis is performed to the vibration acceleration data that processing is removed by S230, to determine whether
Time domain impact signal be present.
Specifically, in step S250, calculate at least one assessed value of the vibration acceleration of measuring point, and by will described in
Assessed value determines whether there is time domain impulse signal compared with predetermined threshold value of warning, wherein, the assessed value includes shaking
Move virtual value, average value, the crest value in the vibration period and crest value and the valley value sum in the vibration period of acceleration.
For example, virtual value x, the average value of vibration acceleration can be calculated by below equation respectively, in the vibration period
Crest value xpAnd crest value and valley value sum x in the vibration periodppCentral is at least one：
Wherein, n is the number of vibration acceleration data in the data acquisition system, 1≤i≤n, xiIt is that i-th of vibration accelerates
Degrees of data,It is the crest value in the vibration period,It is the valley value in the vibration period.
After at least one above-mentioned assessed value is calculated, by the assessed value compared with corresponding threshold value of warning, if
The assessed value of calculating is more than the threshold value of warning, then can determine that time domain impact signal be present.Therefore, by analyzing vibration acceleration
Distribution of the data in time domain, time domain impulse signal can be captured from the bladed disk vibration acceleration information detected, with identification
Abnormal vibration shape.
In addition, in step S250, can also FFT be performed to the vibration acceleration data by removing processing,
Rumble spectrum data are obtained, and fault vibration frequency is determined whether there is according to the rumble spectrum data of acquisition.The failure
Vibration frequency can be corresponding to the intrinsic frequency or frequency multiplication of blade.
If for example, in the rumble spectrum data obtained by FFT, exist close to the intrinsic of blade
The frequency data of frequency, then typically assert that the vibration frequency of blade easily resonates with rotation speed of fan, therefore can determine that presence
Fault vibration frequency, and can determine that the time point broken down；If for another example obtained by FFT
In rumble spectrum data, when the rotating speed Campbell chart for the frequency multiplication of blade and wind power generating set occur has intersection point, it is considered that this
When unit be easily to resonate, then also can determine that fault vibration frequency be present, and can determine that the time point broken down.
The wind-force that is used to monitor that the present invention is can be seen that by referring to Fig. 3 exemplary embodiments of the invention described is sent out
The method of the bladed disk vibration state of group of motors is by being periodically detected the unit operation of the vibration data combination synchronous acquisition of impeller
Data, to the wind power generating set vibration data execution time domain of impeller and/or the analysis of frequency domain under operation, so as to not only
The generation of recognizable failure, and can determine that at the time of break down.
Fig. 4 is the bladed disk vibration state for being used to monitor wind power generating set for showing the exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
System logic diagram.
Reference picture 4, the system of the bladed disk vibration state for monitoring wind power generating set include at least one vibration
Sensor 110, bladed disk vibration data acquisition device 120, status data collection device 130, vibration data screening plant 140 and shake
Dynamic data analysis set-up 150.
At least one vibrating sensor 110 is arranged at least one side at the predetermined measuring point on wind generator set blade
Upwards, for detecting the vibration acceleration at the predetermined measuring point.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one described in part
Individual vibrating sensor 110 is additionally arranged at least one direction at the predetermined measuring point on the wheel hub of wind power generating set.
Bladed disk vibration data acquisition device 120 is used to control at least one vibrating sensing according to predetermined detection cycle
Device 110 detects the vibration acceleration at least one direction at the predetermined measuring point, and the vibration acceleration detected is sent out
Give status data collection device 130.
Status data collection device 130 is used to synchronously obtain wind power generating set extremely with the predetermined detection cycle
The data of a few unit operation parameter, record the unit operation supplemental characteristic of acquisition and from bladed disk vibration data acquisition device
The 120 vibration acceleration data received, and choose the unit operation supplemental characteristic of the record of a predetermined level is exceeded and vibrate and add
The data acquisition system of speed data.Status data collection device 130 can synchronously obtain from the master control system 20 of wind power generating set
The data of at least one unit operation parameter of the wind power generating set.The unit operation parameter may include, but be not limited to,
Wind speed, the rotating speed of wind power generating set, the power of wind power generating set, the driftage state of wind power generating set and wind-driven generator
The change paddle state of group.
Vibration data screening plant 140 is used for the data set chosen according to unit operation parameter from status data collection device
Close the vibration acceleration data for removing and being detected when wind power generating set is in unusual service condition.The unusual service condition can be,
But it is not limited to following at least one：It is big that driftage occurs for wind power generating set, change oar, wind field turbulence intensity occur for wind power generating set
In predetermined turbulent flow threshold value, the difference of the maximum of wind speed and minimum value is more than predetermined wind difference threshold value, second pre- in first scheduled time
The power variation rate for interior wind power generating set of fixing time is more than predetermined power change threshold and wind-force is sent out in the 3rd scheduled time
The relative speed variation of group of motors is more than desired speed change threshold.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, vibration data screening plant 140 is additionally operable to shaking in the data acquisition system
Dynamic acceleration information carries out LPF, and the vibration acceleration data more than preset frequency threshold value are removed from the data acquisition system.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, vibration data screening plant 140 will also accelerate by the vibration for removing processing
Degrees of data is sent to the master control system 20 of wind power generating set.
Vibrating data analysis device 150 is used to perform operation to the vibration acceleration data detected at the measuring point on blade
Model analysis, be extracted in it is at least one in the intrinsic frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape of running status lower blade, and according to extraction
Intrinsic frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape determine whether the impeller of wind power generating set breaks down.According to the preferred reality of the present invention
Apply example, vibrating data analysis device 150 using at least one parameter identification method in time domain method, frequency domain method and time-frequency method to
The vibration acceleration data detected at measuring point on blade perform operational modal analysis.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, vibrating data analysis device 150 is additionally operable to the vibration by removing processing
Acceleration information performs time-domain analysis, to determine whether there is time domain impulse signal.Specifically, vibrating data analysis device 150
At least one assessed value of the vibration acceleration of measuring point is calculated, and by the way that the assessed value and predetermined threshold value of warning are carried out
Compare and determine whether there is time domain impulse signal, wherein, virtual value of the assessed value including vibration acceleration, average value, shake
Crest value in the dynamic cycle and crest value and valley value sum in the vibration period.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, vibrating data analysis device 150 is additionally operable to the vibration by removing processing
Acceleration information performs FFT, obtains rumble spectrum data, and determine according to the rumble spectrum data of acquisition
With the presence or absence of fault vibration frequency.The fault vibration frequency can be corresponding to the intrinsic frequency or frequency multiplication of blade.
Herein, status data collection device 130, vibration data screening plant 140 and vibrating data analysis device 150 can
To be realized in different computer equipments, communication and data exchange, San Zhehuo can be performed by wired or wireless connection each other
One or two in three can also be realized in same computer equipment.
The method and system for being used to monitor the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set of the present invention is by being periodically detected
The data unit operation of the vibration data combination synchronous acquisition of impeller, the vibration to wind power generating set impeller under operation
Data carry out operational modal analysis, identify the data that may be broken down, to help under operation to do impeller to be out of order
Diagnosis.Methods described is cheap compared with the method for the strain gauge deflection using fibre optical sensor collection blade, analysis method phase
It is high to simple and accuracy.
In addition, the method and system of the bladed disk vibration state for monitoring wind power generating set of the present invention passes through periodically
The data unit operation of the vibration data combination synchronous acquisition of impeller is detected, to wind power generating set impeller under operation
Vibration data performs the analysis of time domain and/or frequency domain, so as to not only can recognize that the generation of failure, and can determine that what is broken down
Moment.
It may be noted that according to the needs of implementation, each step described in this application can be split as more multi-step, also may be used
The part operation of two or more steps or step is combined into new step, to realize the purpose of the present invention.
Although show and describing the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that not
In the case of departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention that are defined by the claims, these embodiments can be carried out various modifications and
Conversion.
Claims (20)
1. a kind of method for being used to monitor the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set, including：
Shaking at least one direction at predetermined measuring point on wind generator set blade is detected according to predetermined detection cycle
Dynamic acceleration and the data for synchronously obtaining at least one unit operation parameter of wind power generating set, and record the machine of acquisition
Group operational parameter data and the vibration acceleration data of detection；
Choose the unit operation supplemental characteristic of record and the data acquisition system of vibration acceleration data of a predetermined level is exceeded；
Following handle is performed to the data acquisition system of selection：
Shaken according to unit operation parameter from what data acquisition system removal detected when wind power generating set is in unusual service condition
Dynamic acceleration information；
To performing FFT by the vibration acceleration data for removing processing, rumble spectrum data, and root are obtained
Resonance failure vibration frequency is determined whether there is according to the rumble spectrum data of acquisition, including：Obtained by FFT
Rumble spectrum data in, if the frequency data in the presence of the intrinsic frequency close to blade, it is determined that the vibration frequency of blade with
Rotation speed of fan resonates, and determines resonance failure vibration frequency be present, it is determined that the time point of resonance failure occurs, or,
In the rumble spectrum data obtained by FFT, if the rotating speed Campbell of the frequency multiplication of blade and wind power generating set
Intersection point be present in figure, it is determined that unit resonates, and determine resonance failure vibration frequency be present, it is determined that occur resonance failure when
Between point, the resonance failure vibration frequency is corresponding to the intrinsic frequency or frequency multiplication of blade；
Operational modal analysis is performed to the vibration acceleration data detected at the measuring point on blade, is extracted in running status inferior lobe
Intrinsic frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape of piece, and wind power generating set is determined according to the intrinsic frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape of extraction
Impeller whether break down.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described to be detected according to predetermined detection cycle in wind-power electricity generation
Vibration acceleration at predetermined measuring point on turbines vane at least one direction simultaneously synchronously obtains wind power generating set extremely
The processing of the data of a few unit operation parameter also includes：Detected according to the predetermined detection cycle in wind power generating set
Vibration acceleration at predetermined measuring point on wheel hub at least one direction.
3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterised in that the unit operation parameter includes：Wind speed, wind-driven generator
The change paddle state of rotating speed, the power of wind power generating set, the driftage state of wind power generating set and the wind power generating set organized.
4. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that the unusual service condition is following at least one：
Driftage occurs for wind power generating set, wind power generating set occurs to become oar, wind field turbulence intensity is more than predetermined turbulent flow threshold value, the
The difference of the maximum of wind speed and minimum value is more than predetermined wind difference threshold value, wind-driven generator in second scheduled time in one scheduled time
The relative speed variation of the power variation rate of group wind power generating set more than predetermined power change threshold and in the 3rd scheduled time
More than desired speed change threshold.
5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：At to the measuring point on blade
Before the vibration acceleration data of detection perform operational modal analysis, the vibration acceleration data in the data acquisition system are carried out
LPF, the vibration acceleration data more than preset frequency threshold value are removed from the data acquisition system.
6. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：To by unusual service condition removal
The vibration acceleration data of reason perform time-domain analysis, to determine whether there is time domain impulse signal.
7. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that the described pair of vibration that processing is removed by unusual service condition accelerates
Degrees of data performs time-domain analysis, is included with determining whether there is the processing of time domain impulse signal：Calculate the vibration acceleration of measuring point
At least one assessed value, and by the way that the assessed value is determined whether there is into time domain compared with predetermined threshold value of warning
Impact signal, wherein, the virtual value of the assessed value including vibration acceleration, average value, the crest value in the vibration period and
Crest value and valley value sum in vibration period.
8. according to method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, it is characterised in that examined at the measuring point on blade
The processing that the vibration acceleration data of survey perform operational modal analysis includes：Using in time domain method, frequency domain method and time-frequency method extremely
A few parameter identification method performs operational modal analysis to the vibration acceleration data detected at the measuring point on blade.
9. according to the method any one of claim 5-7, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：Low pass will be passed through
Filtering removes the master control system that the vibration acceleration data handled are sent to wind power generating set.
10. according to the method for claim 9, it is characterised in that by being arranged at least one side at the predetermined measuring point
Upward vibrating sensor detects the vibration acceleration at least one direction at the predetermined measuring point.
11. a kind of system for being used to monitor the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set, including：
At least one vibrating sensor, it is arranged at least one direction at the predetermined measuring point on wind generator set blade,
For detecting the vibration acceleration at the predetermined measuring point；
Bladed disk vibration data acquisition device, for being detected according to predetermined detection cycle control at least one vibrating sensor
Vibration acceleration at the predetermined measuring point at least one direction, and the vibration acceleration detected is sent to status number
According to collection device；
Status data collection device, for synchronously obtaining at least one of wind power generating set with the predetermined detection cycle
The data of unit operation parameter, record the unit operation supplemental characteristic of acquisition and shaken from what bladed disk vibration data acquisition device received
Dynamic acceleration information, and choose the unit operation supplemental characteristic of the record of a predetermined level is exceeded and the number of vibration acceleration data
According to set；
Vibration data screening plant, the data acquisition system for being chosen according to unit operation parameter from status data collection device remove
The vibration acceleration data detected when wind power generating set is in unusual service condition；
Vibrating data analysis device, for performing operational modal point to the vibration acceleration data detected at the measuring point on blade
Analysis, the intrinsic frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape of running status lower blade are extracted in, and according to the intrinsic frequency of extraction, damping ratio
Whether the impeller for determining wind power generating set with the vibration shape breaks down；
The vibrating data analysis device is additionally operable to performing fast Flourier change by removing the vibration acceleration data of processing
Change, obtain rumble spectrum data, and resonance failure vibration frequency is determined whether there is according to the rumble spectrum data of acquisition, wrap
Include：The vibrating data analysis device is in the rumble spectrum data obtained by FFT, if in the presence of close to leaf
The frequency data of the intrinsic frequency of piece, it is determined that the vibration frequency of blade resonates with rotation speed of fan, and determines resonance be present
Fault vibration frequency, it is determined that the time point of resonance failure occurs, or, in the rumble spectrum obtained by FFT
In data, if intersection point be present in the rotating speed Campbell chart of the frequency multiplication of blade and wind power generating set, it is determined that unit resonates, and
It is determined that resonance failure vibration frequency be present, it is determined that the time point of resonance failure, the resonance failure vibration frequency and blade occurs
Intrinsic frequency or frequency multiplication it is corresponding.
12. system according to claim 11, it is characterised in that at least one vibrating sensor is additionally arranged at wind-force
On at least one direction at predetermined measuring point on the wheel hub of generating set.
13. system according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the unit operation parameter includes：Wind speed, wind-power electricity generation
The rotating speed of unit, the power of wind power generating set, the change paddle state of the driftage state of wind power generating set and wind power generating set.
14. system according to claim 13, it is characterised in that the unusual service condition is following at least one：
Driftage occurs for wind power generating set, wind power generating set occurs to become oar, wind field turbulence intensity is more than predetermined turbulent flow threshold value, the
The difference of the maximum of wind speed and minimum value is more than predetermined wind difference threshold value, wind-driven generator in second scheduled time in one scheduled time
The relative speed variation of the power variation rate of group wind power generating set more than predetermined power change threshold and in the 3rd scheduled time
More than desired speed change threshold.
15. system according to claim 14, it is characterised in that the vibration data screening plant is additionally operable to the number
LPF is carried out according to the vibration acceleration data in set, the vibration more than preset frequency threshold value is removed from the data acquisition system
Acceleration information.
16. system according to claim 15, it is characterised in that the vibrating data analysis device is also to passing through abnormal work
The vibration acceleration data that condition removes processing perform time-domain analysis, to determine whether there is time domain impulse signal.
17. system according to claim 16, it is characterised in that the vibrating data analysis device is used to calculate measuring point
At least one assessed value of vibration acceleration, and by the way that by the assessed value, determination is compared with predetermined threshold value of warning
It is no time domain impact signal to be present, wherein, the virtual value of the assessed value including vibration acceleration, average value, in the vibration period
Crest value and crest value and valley value sum in the vibration period.
18. the system according to any one of claim 11~17, it is characterised in that the vibrating data analysis device makes
The vibration detected at the measuring point on blade is added with least one parameter identification method in time domain method, frequency domain method and time-frequency method
Speed data performs operational modal analysis.
19. according to the system any one of claim 15-17, it is characterised in that the vibration data screening plant is also
The vibration acceleration data that processing is removed by LPF are sent to the master control system of wind power generating set.
20. system according to claim 19, it is characterised in that the status data collection device, vibration data screening
Device and vibrating data analysis device are realized in same computer system.
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