CN104075795A - Method and system for monitoring vibration state of impeller of wind generating set - Google Patents
Method and system for monitoring vibration state of impeller of wind generating set Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method and system for monitoring the vibration state of an impeller of a wind turbine generator system are provided. The method comprises the following steps: detecting vibration acceleration in at least one direction at a preset measuring point on a wind generating set blade according to a preset detection period, synchronously acquiring data of at least one set operating parameter of the wind generating set, and recording the acquired set operating parameter data and the detected vibration acceleration data; selecting a data set of recorded unit operation parameter data and vibration acceleration data which exceed a preset number; removing vibration acceleration data detected when the wind generating set is in an abnormal working condition from the data set according to the set operation parameters, performing operation mode analysis on the vibration acceleration data detected at measuring points on the blades, extracting at least one of natural frequency, damping ratio and vibration mode of the blades in an operation state, and determining whether the impeller of the wind generating set is in fault according to the extracted natural frequency, damping ratio and vibration mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of impeller Condition Monitoring Technology of wind power generating set, relate in particular to a kind of for monitoring the method and system of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set.
Background technology
The impeller of wind power generating set mainly comprises blade and wheel hub; Blade is the parts that aerogenerator is drawn wind energy, and wheel hub is the parts that blade and blower variable-pitch mechanism are installed.
From complete machine dynamics and loading analysis, impeller (comprising blade) part is born more than 90% load of complete machine, and stressed complexity, environmental working condition are severe, and especially blade is the most complicated stressed parts.Blade ceaselessly rotates, and load has alternation and randomness, and various exciting forces are all to pass by blade.So impeller is the part that wind power generating set the most easily goes out significant trouble, such as leaf destruction, wheel hub, there is the problems such as crackle, blade pitch device inefficacy.The ceaselessly rotation in fan operation process of the impeller part of wind power generating set, and blade becomes oar with the size of wind speed, this is all disadvantageous for signal transmission and collection, so partly do not have reliable method to carry out Real-Time Monitoring to impeller in industry at present.
At present, on the one hand, because impeller is the rotary part of blower fan, although can use for reference, in signals collecting and the transmission of rotary part, there is reliability and stability problem, for directly driving unit from other industry, hub portion is present in strong magnetic field circumstance, and this problem is more outstanding; On the other hand, for the research of bladed disk vibration state, not also very thorough, selecting suitable sensor and data acquisition equipment is a difficult point.
Due to impeller, be partly one of parts that the most easily occur significant trouble, once and the consequence that breaks down is serious, if therefore can carry out status monitoring to this part, fault is given warning in advance, or when fault is lighter, adopt remedial measures, significant for reducing fan operation maintenance cost so.
For the Condition Monitoring Technology of impeller system, mainly concentrate at present the status monitoring of blade, utilize light sensor to gather the strainometer deflection of blade, then according to mechanics corresponding relation, obtain the mechanical informations such as stress, moment of flexure, moment of torsion of blade.These method advantages are that with clearly defined objective directly when a certain mechanical index is during over design load, blade just may break down, but shortcoming is more outstanding: on the one hand, Fibre Optical Sensor and corresponding data acquisition equipment are expensive; On the other hand, strainometer deformation signal is easily disturbed, is not again very sensitive for exciting force simultaneously, for blade nonlinear material, if expect mechanical information, also needs to carry out experimental calibration.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of for monitoring the method and system of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set, under wind power generating set running status, pass through detecting the vibration data of blade and the blade vibration data analysis to detection in conjunction with floor data, the data that identification may be broken down, to help, under running status, impeller is made to fault diagnosis.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of for monitoring the method for the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set, comprise: according to predetermined sense cycle, detect the vibration acceleration at least one direction of predetermined measuring point place on wind generator set blade and synchronously obtain the data of at least one unit operation parameter of wind power generating set, and the unit operation supplemental characteristic that obtains of record and the vibration acceleration data of detection; Choose the unit operation supplemental characteristic of record and the data acquisition of vibration acceleration data of a predetermined level is exceeded; The data acquisition chosen is carried out to following processing: according to unit operation parameter, from described data acquisition, remove the vibration acceleration data that detect during in unusual service condition in wind power generating set, the vibration acceleration data that measuring point place on blade is detected are carried out operational modal analysis, be extracted at least one in natural frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape of running status lower blade, and determine according to natural frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape extracted whether the impeller of wind power generating set breaks down.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of for monitoring the system of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set, comprise: at least one vibration transducer, be arranged at least one direction at the predetermined measuring point place on wind generator set blade, for detection of the vibration acceleration at described predetermined measuring point place; Bladed disk vibration data collector, for control described at least one vibration transducer according to predetermined sense cycle, detect the vibration acceleration at least one direction of described predetermined measuring point place, and the vibration acceleration detecting is sent to status data gathering-device; Status data gathering-device, be used for synchronously obtaining with described predetermined sense cycle the data of at least one unit operation parameter of wind power generating set, record the unit operation supplemental characteristic obtaining and the vibration acceleration data that receive from bladed disk vibration data collector, and choose the unit operation supplemental characteristic of record and the data acquisition of vibration acceleration data of a predetermined level is exceeded; Vibration data screening plant, removes the vibration acceleration data that detect during in unusual service condition in wind power generating set for the data acquisition chosen from status data gathering-device according to unit operation parameter; Vibrating data analysis device, the vibration acceleration data that detect for the measuring point place on blade are carried out operational modal analysis, be extracted at least one in natural frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape of running status lower blade, and determine according to natural frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape extracted whether the impeller of wind power generating set breaks down.
Beneficial effect
Of the present inventionly for monitoring the method and system of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set, by periodicity, detect the vibration data of impeller in conjunction with the data unit operation of synchronous acquisition, vibration data to wind power generating set impeller under running status carries out operational modal analysis, the data that identification may be broken down, to help, under running status, impeller is made to fault diagnosis.It is cheap that described method is used Fibre Optical Sensor to gather the method for strainometer deflection of blade, and analytical approach is relatively simple and accuracy is high.
In addition, of the present inventionly for monitoring the method and system of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set, by periodicity, detect the vibration data of impeller in conjunction with the data unit operation of synchronous acquisition, the vibration data of wind power generating set impeller under running status is carried out to the analysis of time domain and/or frequency domain, thereby not only can identify the generation of fault, and can determine the moment of breaking down.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be illustrate according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention for monitoring the overall architecture schematic diagram of system of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set;
Fig. 2 be illustrate according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention for monitoring the process flow diagram of method of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set;
Fig. 3 be illustrate according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention for monitoring the process flow diagram of method of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set;
Fig. 4 be illustrate according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention for monitoring the logic diagram of system of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing describe in detail the embodiment of the present invention for monitoring the method and system of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set.
Fig. 1 be illustrate according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention for monitoring the overall architecture schematic diagram of system of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set.
With reference to Fig. 1, according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention for monitoring the system of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set, measuring point place on the blade of impeller arranges at least one vibration transducer 110, and at least one direction of described measuring point (such as blade wave direction and shimmy direction etc.), described vibration transducer 110 is set.In at least one direction at measuring point place that in addition, can be in the wheel hub of impeller, vibration transducer (not shown) is also set.Can, according to parameters such as the sensitivity of the definite sensor of informix consideration of the design parameter of unit and wind field, maximum range, Hz-KHz, suitable environments, select optimal vibration transducer.
By these vibration transducers, with the sense cycle of being scheduled to, detect the vibration acceleration at least one direction of predetermined measuring point place on wind generator set blade.On this basis, the master control system of configuration wind power generating set synchronously gathers the data of at least one unit operation parameter of wind power generating set with identical sense cycle.
In operational process, the vibration acceleration data that detect from described measuring point are pooled to the bladed disk vibration data collector 120 in impeller hub, and bladed disk vibration data collector 120 sends to by wired or wireless connection the vibration acceleration data of collecting the status data gathering-device 130 that is positioned at cabin.In addition, described status data gathering-device 130 obtains the data of at least one unit operation parameter of the wind power generating set of synchronous acquisition from the master control system of wind power generating set.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, status data gathering-device 130 sends to user terminal by the data of described vibration acceleration data and unit operation parameter by wireless connections, by user terminal, the data of described vibration acceleration data and unit operation parameter is carried out the analysis of bladed disk vibration state.At described subscriber terminal equipment, can be equipped with vibration data screening plant 140 and vibrating data analysis device 150 (as shown in Figure 4) screens described vibration acceleration data in conjunction with unit operation parameter and to carry out the analysis of bladed disk vibration state through the vibration acceleration data of screening.But, the invention is not restricted to this configuration, software module can also be set in described status data gathering-device 130 and the data of the described vibration acceleration data that receive and unit operation parameter be carried out to the analysis of bladed disk vibration state.
Fig. 2 be illustrate according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention for monitoring the process flow diagram of method of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set.
Parameter Map 2, at step S210, the vibration acceleration detecting at least one direction of predetermined measuring point place on wind generator set blade according to predetermined sense cycle also synchronously obtains the data of at least one unit operation parameter of wind power generating set, and the unit operation supplemental characteristic of record collection and the vibration acceleration data of detection.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at step S210, also according to described predetermined sense cycle, detect the vibration acceleration at least one direction of predetermined measuring point place on wind generator unit wheel hub, to be collected in the vibration data on running status lower blade and wheel hub.Particularly, described unit operation parameter can comprise: the change oar state of the driftage state of the rotating speed of wind speed, wind power generating set, the power of wind power generating set, wind power generating set and wind power generating set.Can gather by the master control system of wind power generating set the data of at least one unit operation parameter of described wind power generating set.
At step S220, choose the unit operation supplemental characteristic of record and the data acquisition of vibration acceleration data of a predetermined level is exceeded, to guarantee the having data of sufficient amount to carry out the screening of step S230 and the analysis of step S240.
At step S230, according to unit operation parameter, from described data acquisition, remove the vibration acceleration data that detect during in unusual service condition in wind power generating set.Particularly, described unusual service condition be following at least one: the relative speed variation that the power variation rate that wind power generating set is gone off course, wind power generating set occur to become oar, wind field turbulence intensity is greater than predetermined turbulent flow threshold value, in first schedule time, the maximal value of wind speed and the difference of minimum value are greater than wind power generating set in predetermined wind difference limen value, second schedule time is greater than wind power generating set in predetermined power change threshold and the 3rd schedule time is greater than desired speed change threshold.The vibration characteristics presenting under abnormal running state due to wind power generating set differs greatly, and the vibration data detecting under unusual service condition cannot objectively respond the running status of impeller, is therefore necessary to reject to be identified as the vibration data under unusual service condition.
For example, if in the unit operation parameter gathering, driftage state is 1 or non-zero, indicates described wind power generating set to go off course, determine that now wind power generating set, in unusual service condition, therefore can be removed the vibration acceleration data that described wind power generating set detects when driftage state; For example, if in the unit operation parameter gathering, become oar state into 1 or non-zero, indicate described wind power generating set that oar occurs to become, determine that now wind power generating set, in unusual service condition, therefore can be removed the vibration acceleration data that described wind power generating set detects when becoming oar state; Again for example, wind power generating set is in IECIIILei Feng district, for example, if wind speed turbulivity is greater than predetermined turbulent flow threshold value (0.32) in 10 minutes, can determine that wind power generating set is in unusual service condition, therefore can remove described wind speed turbulivity is greater than the vibration acceleration data that detect during predetermined turbulent flow threshold value; Again for example, if the maximal value of wind speed and the difference of minimum value that gather within first schedule time of 2 minutes are for example greater than predetermined wind difference limen value (as 10 meter per seconds), therefore can determine that wind power generating set is in unusual service condition, can remove the maximal value of wind speed and the difference of minimum value is greater than the vibration acceleration data that detect in first schedule time of predetermined wind difference limen value; Again for example, if the power variation rate of wind power generating set is greater than predetermined power change threshold (as 400 kilowatts/second) within second schedule time (as 10 minutes), can determine that wind power generating set is in unusual service condition, the power variation rate that therefore can remove wind power generating set is greater than the vibration acceleration data that detect during predetermined power change threshold; Again for example, if the relative speed variation of wind power generating set is greater than desired speed change threshold (as 10 revs/min) within the 3rd schedule time (as 10 minutes), can determine that wind power generating set is in unusual service condition, the relative speed variation that therefore can remove wind power generating set is greater than the vibration acceleration data that detect during desired speed change threshold.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, step S220 also comprises, the vibration acceleration data in described data acquisition are carried out to low-pass filtering, removes the vibration acceleration data that surpass preset frequency threshold value from described data acquisition.Conventionally, the vibration frequency of blade and wheel hub, generally lower than 50Hz, by described vibration acceleration data are carried out to low-pass filtering, filters the higher irrational vibration frequency of frequency, and filters the abnormal vibrations factor causing due to environment accidentalia.
According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, after the processing of execution step S220, also the vibration acceleration data through Transformatin can be sent to the master control system of wind power generating set, so that master control system is further determined the vibration acceleration of blade (and wheel hub), whether exceed normal vibration value scope.
If after carrying out the Transformatin of step S230, the quantity of the vibration acceleration data in described data acquisition, lower than certain quantity, needs to get back to step S210, proceeds the detection of vibration acceleration data and obtaining of unit operation supplemental characteristic; If after carrying out the Transformatin of step S230, in described data acquisition, there are the vibration acceleration data of sufficient amount, perform step S240.
At step S240, the vibration acceleration data that measuring point place on blade is detected are carried out operational modal analysis, be extracted at least one in natural frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape of running status lower blade, and determine according to natural frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape extracted whether the impeller of wind power generating set breaks down.
Operational modal analysis (OMA) is the application of system identification method in Engineering Vibration field, in structure operational process, by gathering structural response signal, carries out modal parameters identification.In the present invention, the vibration acceleration data that the measuring point place on blade under running status is detected are carried out operational modal analysis as structural response signal, thereby are extracted at least one in natural frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape of running status lower blade.Wherein, the vibrational state of vibration shape reflection blade in operational process, the resonant frequency of natural frequency reflection blade under installment state, the situation of damping ratio reflection blade dissipates vibration energy.
According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the vibration acceleration data that can use at least one parameter identification method in time domain method, frequency domain method and time-frequency method to detect the measuring point place on blade are carried out operational modal analysis.
After this, by the natural frequency of extraction, damping ratio and the vibration shape and the corresponding design parameter value of wind power generating set are compared and determine whether the impeller of wind power generating set fault has occurred.For example, if the damping ratio of extracting exceeds the predetermined diagnostic value of damping ratio design load of wind power generating set, can tentatively determine that fault has occurred impeller.
By the exemplary embodiment of the present invention of describing with reference to Fig. 2, can find out, of the present inventionly for monitoring the method for the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set, by periodicity, detect the vibration data of impeller in conjunction with the data unit operation of synchronous acquisition, vibration data to wind power generating set impeller under running status carries out operational modal analysis, the data that identification may be broken down, to help, under running status, impeller is made to fault diagnosis.It is cheap that described method is used Fibre Optical Sensor to gather the method for strainometer deflection of blade, and analytical approach is relatively simple and accuracy is high.
Fig. 3 be illustrate according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention for monitoring the process flow diagram of method of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set.
Impeller system is the system of exerting oneself of wind power generating set.If impeller system goes wrong, the lighter causes compressor emergency shutdown, affects generated energy and availability, and severe one causes even tower of blade, wheel hub fracture.For example, when the blade of unit changes (as crackle, flexing etc.), or when blade loading is excessive while causing deformable blade excessive, the vibration frequency of blade can change.Although the variation of this vibration frequency is not sometimes clearly, when turbines vane damages, the rigidity of blade or quality will change, and can cause the vibration frequency of blade to change; When blade ice coating, the quality of blade changes, and this causes the vibration frequency of blade to change equally.During blade overload, dynamic excitation power is increased, this will cause the increase of vibration amplitude, and this also will reflect in vibration time domain waveform and frequency spectrum.For this reason, in the embodiment show in figure 3, the present invention also proposes to change by analyze the vibration of blade and wheel hub before and after blade and wheel hub fault in conjunction with vibration data and unit operation supplemental characteristic, situation about occurring to lock impeller failure.
In Fig. 3, the processing of step S210～S240 is similar to the processing of corresponding steps in Fig. 2, and increased the processing of step S250.Can after execution step S230, perform step S250, the execution sequence of step S240 and S250 is inessential.
At step S250, the vibration acceleration data through S230 Transformatin are carried out to time-domain analysis, to determine whether to exist time domain impact signal.
Particularly, at step S250, calculate at least one assessed value of the vibration acceleration of measuring point, and by described assessed value and predetermined threshold value of warning are compared and determine whether to exist time domain impact signal, wherein, crest value and trough value sum in the effective value of described assessed value involving vibrations acceleration, mean value, the crest value in the vibration period and vibration period.
For example, can by following formula, calculate respectively effective value x, the mean value of vibration acceleration
, the crest value x in the vibration period
pand interior crest value of vibration period and trough value sum x
ppcentral at least one:
Wherein, n is the number of vibration acceleration data in described data acquisition, 1≤i≤n, x
ii vibration acceleration data,
the crest value in the vibration period,
it is the trough value in the vibration period.
After calculating at least one above-mentioned assessed value, described assessed value and corresponding threshold value of warning are compared, if the assessed value of calculating is greater than described threshold value of warning, can determines and have time domain impact signal.Therefore,, by analyzing the distribution of vibration acceleration data in time domain, can from the bladed disk vibration acceleration information detecting, capture time domain impact signal, to identify abnormal vibration shape.
In addition, at step S250, also can carry out fast fourier transform to the vibration acceleration data through Transformatin, obtain rumble spectrum data, and determine whether to exist fault vibration frequency according to the rumble spectrum data that obtain.Described fault vibration frequency can be corresponding with natural frequency or the frequency multiplication of blade.
For example, if in the rumble spectrum data that obtain by fast fourier transform, existence approaches the frequency data of the natural frequency of blade, generally assert that the vibration frequency of blade and rotation speed of fan very easily resonate, therefore can determine and have fault vibration frequency, and can determine the time point breaking down; Again for example, if in the rumble spectrum data that obtain by fast fourier transform, while occurring that the frequency multiplication of blade and the rotating speed Campbell chart of wind power generating set have intersection point, it is generally acknowledged that at this moment unit is that resonance easily occurs, also can determine and have fault vibration frequency, and can determine the time point breaking down.
By the exemplary embodiment of the present invention of describing with reference to Fig. 3, can find out, of the present inventionly for monitoring the method for the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set, by periodicity, detect the vibration data of impeller in conjunction with the data unit operation of synchronous acquisition, the vibration data of wind power generating set impeller under running status is carried out to the analysis of time domain and/or frequency domain, thereby not only can identify the generation of fault, and can determine the moment of breaking down.
Fig. 4 be illustrate according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention for monitoring the logic diagram of system of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set.
With reference to Fig. 4, describedly for monitoring the system of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set, comprise at least one vibration transducer 110, bladed disk vibration data collector 120, status data gathering-device 130, vibration data screening plant 140 and vibrating data analysis device 150.
At least one vibration transducer 110 is arranged at least one direction at the predetermined measuring point place on wind generator set blade, for detection of the vibration acceleration at described predetermined measuring point place.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, described at least one vibration transducer 110 of part is also arranged at least one direction at the predetermined measuring point place on the wheel hub of wind power generating set.
The vibration acceleration that bladed disk vibration data collector 120 detects at least one direction of described predetermined measuring point place for control described at least one vibration transducer 110 according to predetermined sense cycle, and the vibration acceleration detecting is sent to status data gathering-device 130.
Status data gathering-device 130 is for synchronously obtaining the data of at least one unit operation parameter of wind power generating set with described predetermined sense cycle, record the unit operation supplemental characteristic obtaining and the vibration acceleration data that receive from bladed disk vibration data collector 120, and choose the unit operation supplemental characteristic of record and the data acquisition of vibration acceleration data of a predetermined level is exceeded.Status data gathering-device 130 can synchronously obtain from the master control system 20 of wind power generating set the data of at least one unit operation parameter of described wind power generating set.Described unit operation parameter can include, but not limited to the rotating speed of wind speed, wind power generating set, the change oar state of the driftage state of the power of wind power generating set, wind power generating set and wind power generating set.
Vibration data screening plant 140 is removed the vibration acceleration data that detect during in unusual service condition in wind power generating set for the data acquisition chosen from status data gathering-device according to unit operation parameter.Described unusual service condition may be, but not limited to, following at least one: the relative speed variation that the power variation rate that wind power generating set is gone off course, wind power generating set occur to become oar, wind field turbulence intensity is greater than predetermined turbulent flow threshold value, in first schedule time, the maximal value of wind speed and the difference of minimum value are greater than wind power generating set in predetermined wind difference limen value, second schedule time is greater than wind power generating set in predetermined power change threshold and the 3rd schedule time is greater than desired speed change threshold.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, vibration data screening plant 140 also carries out low-pass filtering for the vibration acceleration data to described data acquisition, removes the vibration acceleration data that surpass preset frequency threshold value from described data acquisition.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, vibration data screening plant 140 also sends to the vibration acceleration data through Transformatin the master control system 20 of wind power generating set.
The vibration acceleration data that vibrating data analysis device 150 detects for the measuring point place on blade are carried out operational modal analysis, be extracted at least one in natural frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape of running status lower blade, and determine according to natural frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape extracted whether the impeller of wind power generating set breaks down.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the vibration acceleration data that vibrating data analysis device 150 is used at least one parameter identification method in time domain method, frequency domain method and time-frequency method to detect the measuring point place on blade are carried out operational modal analysis.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, vibrating data analysis device 150 is also carried out time-domain analysis for the vibration acceleration data to through Transformatin, to determine whether to exist time domain impact signal.Particularly, vibrating data analysis device 150 calculates at least one assessed value of the vibration acceleration of measuring point, and by described assessed value and predetermined threshold value of warning are compared and determine whether to exist time domain impact signal, wherein, crest value and trough value sum in the effective value of described assessed value involving vibrations acceleration, mean value, the crest value in the vibration period and vibration period.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, vibrating data analysis device 150 is also carried out fast fourier transform for the vibration acceleration data to through Transformatin, obtain rumble spectrum data, and determine whether to exist fault vibration frequency according to the rumble spectrum data that obtain.Described fault vibration frequency can be corresponding with natural frequency or the frequency multiplication of blade.
Here, status data gathering-device 130, vibration data screening plant 140 and vibrating data analysis device 150 can be realized in different computer equipments, each other can be by wired or wireless connection executive communication and exchanges data, one or two in three or three also can be realized in same computer equipment.
Of the present inventionly for monitoring the method and system of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set, by periodicity, detect the vibration data of impeller in conjunction with the data unit operation of synchronous acquisition, vibration data to wind power generating set impeller under running status carries out operational modal analysis, the data that identification may be broken down, to help, under running status, impeller is made to fault diagnosis.It is cheap that described method is used Fibre Optical Sensor to gather the method for strainometer deflection of blade, and analytical approach is relatively simple and accuracy is high.
In addition, of the present inventionly for monitoring the method and system of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set, by periodicity, detect the vibration data of impeller in conjunction with the data unit operation of synchronous acquisition, the vibration data of wind power generating set impeller under running status is carried out to the analysis of time domain and/or frequency domain, thereby not only can identify the generation of fault, and can determine the moment of breaking down.
It may be noted that according to the needs of implementing, each step of describing can be split as to more multi-step in the application, also the part operation of two or more steps or step can be combined into new step, to realize object of the present invention.
Although represent with reference to preferred embodiment and described the present invention, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the situation that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention that are defined by the claims, can carry out various modifications and conversion to these embodiment.
Claims (24)
1. for monitoring a method for the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set, comprising:
According to predetermined sense cycle, detect the vibration acceleration at least one direction of predetermined measuring point place on wind generator set blade and synchronously obtain the data of at least one unit operation parameter of wind power generating set, and the unit operation supplemental characteristic that obtains of record and the vibration acceleration data of detection;
Choose the unit operation supplemental characteristic of record and the data acquisition of vibration acceleration data of a predetermined level is exceeded;
The data acquisition of choosing is carried out to following processing:
According to unit operation parameter, from described data acquisition, remove the vibration acceleration data that detect during in unusual service condition in wind power generating set,
The vibration acceleration data that measuring point place on blade is detected are carried out operational modal analysis, be extracted at least one in natural frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape of running status lower blade, and determine according to natural frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape extracted whether the impeller of wind power generating set breaks down.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the processing of data that the predetermined sense cycle of described basis detects the vibration acceleration at least one direction of predetermined measuring point place on wind generator set blade and synchronously obtains at least one unit operation parameter of wind power generating set also comprises: according to described predetermined sense cycle, detect the vibration acceleration at least one direction of predetermined measuring point place on wind generator unit wheel hub.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described unit operation parameter comprises: the change oar state of the driftage state of the rotating speed of wind speed, wind power generating set, the power of wind power generating set, wind power generating set and wind power generating set.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described unusual service condition be following at least one:
The relative speed variation that the power variation rate that wind power generating set is gone off course, wind power generating set occur to become oar, wind field turbulence intensity is greater than predetermined turbulent flow threshold value, in first schedule time, the maximal value of wind speed and the difference of minimum value are greater than wind power generating set in predetermined wind difference limen value, second schedule time is greater than wind power generating set in predetermined power change threshold and the 3rd schedule time is greater than desired speed change threshold.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises: before the vibration acceleration data that detect at the measuring point place on blade are carried out operational modal analysis, vibration acceleration data in described data acquisition are carried out to low-pass filtering, from described data acquisition, remove the vibration acceleration data that surpass preset frequency threshold value.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described method also comprises: the vibration acceleration data through Transformatin are carried out to time-domain analysis, to determine whether to exist time domain impact signal.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described to the vibration acceleration data execution time-domain analysis through Transformatin, to determine whether the existing processing of time domain impact signal to comprise: at least one assessed value of calculating the vibration acceleration of measuring point, and by described assessed value and predetermined threshold value of warning are compared and determine whether to exist time domain impact signal, wherein, crest value and trough value sum in the effective value of described assessed value involving vibrations acceleration, mean value, the crest value in the vibration period and vibration period.
8. method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises: the vibration acceleration data through Transformatin are carried out to fast fourier transform, obtain rumble spectrum data, and determine whether to exist fault vibration frequency according to the rumble spectrum data that obtain.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, natural frequency or the frequency multiplication of described fault vibration frequency and blade are corresponding.
10. according to the method described in any one in claim 1～9, it is characterized in that, the processing that the described vibration acceleration data that measuring point place on blade is detected are carried out operational modal analysis comprises: the vibration acceleration data of using at least one parameter identification method in time domain method, frequency domain method and time-frequency method to detect the measuring point place on blade are carried out operational modal analysis.
11. methods according to claim 10, is characterized in that, described method also comprises: the master control system that the vibration acceleration data through Transformatin is sent to wind power generating set.
12. methods according to claim 11, is characterized in that, by the vibration transducer being arranged at least one direction of described predetermined measuring point place, detect the vibration acceleration at least one direction of described predetermined measuring point place.
13. 1 kinds for monitoring the system of the bladed disk vibration state of wind power generating set, comprising:
At least one vibration transducer, is arranged at least one direction at the predetermined measuring point place on wind generator set blade, for detection of the vibration acceleration at described predetermined measuring point place;
Bladed disk vibration data collector, for control described at least one vibration transducer according to predetermined sense cycle, detect the vibration acceleration at least one direction of described predetermined measuring point place, and the vibration acceleration detecting is sent to status data gathering-device;
Status data gathering-device, be used for synchronously obtaining with described predetermined sense cycle the data of at least one unit operation parameter of wind power generating set, record the unit operation supplemental characteristic obtaining and the vibration acceleration data that receive from bladed disk vibration data collector, and choose the unit operation supplemental characteristic of record and the data acquisition of vibration acceleration data of a predetermined level is exceeded;
Vibration data screening plant, removes the vibration acceleration data that detect during in unusual service condition in wind power generating set for the data acquisition chosen from status data gathering-device according to unit operation parameter;
Vibrating data analysis device, the vibration acceleration data that detect for the measuring point place on blade are carried out operational modal analysis, be extracted at least one in natural frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape of running status lower blade, and determine according to natural frequency, damping ratio and the vibration shape extracted whether the impeller of wind power generating set breaks down.
14. systems according to claim 13, is characterized in that, described at least one vibration transducer of part is also arranged at least one direction at the predetermined measuring point place on the wheel hub of wind power generating set.
15. systems according to claim 14, is characterized in that, described unit operation parameter comprises: the change oar state of the driftage state of the rotating speed of wind speed, wind power generating set, the power of wind power generating set, wind power generating set and wind power generating set.
16. systems according to claim 15, is characterized in that, described unusual service condition be following at least one:
The relative speed variation that the power variation rate that wind power generating set is gone off course, wind power generating set occur to become oar, wind field turbulence intensity is greater than predetermined turbulent flow threshold value, in first schedule time, the maximal value of wind speed and the difference of minimum value are greater than wind power generating set in predetermined wind difference limen value, second schedule time is greater than wind power generating set in predetermined power change threshold and the 3rd schedule time is greater than desired speed change threshold.
17. systems according to claim 16, it is characterized in that, described vibration data screening plant also carries out low-pass filtering for the vibration acceleration data to described data acquisition, removes the vibration acceleration data that surpass preset frequency threshold value from described data acquisition.
18. systems according to claim 17, is characterized in that, described vibrating data analysis device is also carried out time-domain analysis to the vibration acceleration data through Transformatin, to determine whether to exist time domain impact signal.
19. systems according to claim 18, it is characterized in that, described vibrating data analysis device is for calculating at least one assessed value of the vibration acceleration of measuring point, and by described assessed value and predetermined threshold value of warning are compared and determine whether to exist time domain impact signal, wherein, crest value and trough value sum in the effective value of described assessed value involving vibrations acceleration, mean value, the crest value in the vibration period and vibration period.
20. systems according to claim 19, it is characterized in that, described vibrating data analysis device is also carried out fast fourier transform for the vibration acceleration data to through Transformatin, obtain rumble spectrum data, and determine whether to exist fault vibration frequency according to the rumble spectrum data that obtain.
21. systems according to claim 20, is characterized in that, natural frequency or the frequency multiplication of described fault vibration frequency and blade are corresponding.
22. according to the system described in any one in claim 13～21, it is characterized in that, the vibration acceleration data that described vibrating data analysis device is used at least one parameter identification method in time domain method, frequency domain method and time-frequency method to detect the measuring point place on blade are carried out operational modal analysis.
23. systems according to claim 22, is characterized in that, described vibration data screening plant also sends to the vibration acceleration data through Transformatin the master control system of wind power generating set.
24. systems according to claim 23, is characterized in that, described status data gathering-device, vibration data screening plant and vibrating data analysis device are realized in same computer system.
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