CN110905732A - Method and system for identifying unbalance of wind wheel of wind turbine generator and storage medium - Google Patents
Method and system for identifying unbalance of wind wheel of wind turbine generator and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for identifying unbalance of a wind wheel of a wind turbine generator, which comprises the following steps: s01, obtaining active power and vibration variables of the front and back as well as the left and right of the wind turbine generator to obtain an average value of effective values of the vibration variables in a preset time period, and presetting a standard threshold corresponding to the vibration variables under the active power; s02, carrying out data switching on the vibration variable under the rated power, carrying out FFT analysis, and extracting a median, an upper quantile and a lower quantile; s03, judging that the wind wheel is not balanced pneumatically when the following two conditions are met; (1) the average values of the effective values of the vibration variables of the front and the back as well as the left and the right of the wind turbine generator are all larger than the standard threshold value under the corresponding power; (2) the median is higher than a first preset standard value or the upper quantile is higher than three times the lower quantile. The invention also correspondingly discloses an identification system and a storage medium corresponding to the identification method. The identification method, the identification system and the storage medium have the advantages of simple operation, low cost, high precision, good timeliness and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a method and a system for identifying unbalance of a wind wheel of a wind turbine generator and a storage medium.
Background
In recent years, with the increasing of rated power and blade length of wind turbines, the vibration characteristics of the wind turbines are more and more obvious. At present, many faults of the wind turbine generator are related to vibration of the wind turbine generator, wherein the vibration caused by unbalance of a wind wheel is more and more concerned by host manufacturers and owners, because the long-term unbalance of the wind wheel not only affects the dynamic performance of the wind turbine generator, but also causes great damage to other components of the wind turbine generator, such as damage to a variable pitch system, a yaw system and a main bearing. Therefore, it is very important to accurately judge or identify the imbalance of the wind wheel of the wind-out generator set in time.
At present, some domestic and foreign research institutions and companies can detect wind wheel aerodynamic or mass moment imbalance, but additional detection equipment and a professional detection team are needed, so that the cost is high, and the method is limited by manpower and material resources and is not suitable for large-scale wind field blade detection; on the other hand, although the new blade may embed the optical fiber sensor in the blade during production to obtain the state information of the blade when the wind turbine operates, it is needless to say that the blade increases the cost of the wind turbine set. Some conventional methods are briefly described below:
(1) the main idea of a blade imbalance fault diagnosis method based on doubly-fed wind generating set stator current (application number: 201610234955.2) is as follows: acquiring stator phase current and generator speed of a unit in a constant-speed operation stage, calculating impeller speed 1 frequency multiplication according to the acquired generator speed, simultaneously performing wavelet filtering processing on the stator phase current, then performing signal processing to obtain an envelope spectrum, finally extracting impeller 1 frequency multiplication amplitude and impeller 3 frequency multiplication amplitude in the envelope spectrum signal as characteristic values, judging the sizes of the 1 frequency multiplication amplitude and the 3 frequency multiplication amplitude, and judging that the blades are unbalanced if the two values meet corresponding relations.
Problems or disadvantages with this patent: 1) the patent is only suitable for controlling the double-fed wind generating set; 2) the method has the advantages that the requirement on data acquisition is met, the wind generating set operates in a detection mode when the data acquisition is required, the wind generating set is kept to operate at a constant rotating speed, and the method has certain limitation on the detection of imbalance of the wind wheel of the set which actually operates.
(2) The main idea of a wind wheel imbalance monitoring method of a wind generating set (application number: 201710638434.8) is as follows: firstly, measuring vibration acceleration instantaneous values of two axisymmetric points in a tower drum, and performing weighted calculation and fast Fourier transform processing on the vibration acceleration instantaneous values to obtain corresponding frequency domain signals; then obtaining the fundamental frequency of the first frequency doubling and frequency conversion position of the blade; and finally, determining whether the blade is balanced or not by judging whether the difference value of the instantaneous frequency and the basic frequency exceeds the preset error threshold range or not.
Problems or disadvantages of the art: 1) the patent requires that the vibration acceleration instantaneous values of two axisymmetric points in the tower barrel are measured, and the measurement is difficult to realize or needs additional data acquisition equipment; 2) the acceleration instantaneous values are obtained by multiplying the two vibration acceleration instantaneous values by corresponding weight coefficients respectively and then summing the values, and the weight coefficients are difficult to determine.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method, a system and a storage medium for identifying unbalance of a wind wheel of a wind turbine generator, which are simple and convenient to operate, accurate and good in timeliness.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for identifying unbalance of a wind wheel of a wind turbine generator comprises the following steps:
s01, obtaining the active power of the wind turbine generator and the front and back and left and right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator, obtaining the average value of the effective values of the front and back and left and right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator in a preset time period, and presetting the standard threshold corresponding to the front and back and left and right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator under the active power;
s02, carrying out data switching on vibration variables of the wind turbine generator set at the front and the back under rated power, dividing the vibration variables into N groups, carrying out FFT analysis, and extracting a median, an upper quantile and a lower quantile;
s03, when the wind turbine simultaneously meets the following two conditions, judging that the wind wheel is not balanced pneumatically;
(1) the average values of the effective values of the vibration variables of the front and the back as well as the left and the right of the wind turbine generator are all larger than the standard threshold value under the corresponding power;
(2) the median is higher than a first preset standard value or the upper quantile is higher than three times the lower quantile.
Preferably, in step S01, the vibration variable of the wind turbine is any one of a nacelle vibration displacement, a nacelle vibration speed, a nacelle vibration acceleration, a main shaft vibration displacement, a main shaft vibration speed, or a main shaft vibration acceleration.
Preferably, the vibration variable of the wind turbine generator is a vibration acceleration of a cabin; the process of calculating the average value of the effective values of the vibration variables of the wind turbine generator before, after, left and right under the condition (1) in the step S03 is as follows:
s31, carrying out effective value aggregation on the front and back vibration acceleration and the left and right vibration acceleration of the cabin of the wind turbine generator, and carrying out average value aggregation on active power;
and S32, performing box separation processing on the active power of the wind turbine generator, and performing in-box averaging on the front and back vibration acceleration and the left and right vibration acceleration of the cabin to obtain an average value.
Preferably, in step S31, the formula for performing effective value aggregation on the front-back and left-right vibration acceleration of the nacelle of the wind turbine generator is as follows:
wherein, VRMSA one minute effective value representing a vibration acceleration; v. ofiRepresenting the vibration acceleration value of each second-level data within the same minute; n represents the number of data points within the same minute.
Preferably, in step S31, the formula for performing average value aggregation on the active power is as follows:
wherein,
representing a one-minute average value of active power of the wind turbine generator; piThe active power value of each second level data in the same minute is represented; n represents the number of data points in the same minute.
Preferably, the specific process of step S32 is: and processing the aggregated data by adopting a Bin method, dividing the active power of the wind turbine generator into a plurality of different power intervals at certain intervals, and then respectively calculating the average values of the front and back vibration acceleration effective values and the left and right vibration acceleration effective values of the engine room in the different power intervals.
Preferably, the formula for dividing the active power interval of the wind turbine generator is as follows:
P*＝floor((P+25)/50)*50 (3)
wherein P represents the power interval of the active power of the wind turbine generator; p represents the value of each active power aggregated into one minute; floor represents a floor rounding function.
Preferably, the formula for obtaining the average value of the effective values of the forward, backward, leftward and rightward vibration accelerations of the nacelle in different power intervals is as follows:
wherein,
the average value of the effective values of the vibration acceleration of a certain power interval of the wind turbine generator is represented; vRMSRepresenting the effective value of the vibration acceleration falling in the power interval; n represents the number of data points falling within the power interval.
Preferably, the specific process of step S02 is:
s21, carrying out data segmentation on the data in the step S01, and dividing the data into N groups of data by taking M points as one group according to a time sequence;
s22, performing FFT analysis on the N groups of data respectively to obtain N1P amplitudes of the front and rear vibration acceleration of the cabin, then respectively making 1P amplitude box line graphs of the front and rear vibration acceleration of the cabin, and extracting a median, an upper quantile and a lower quantile.
Preferably, in step S02, the data with active power exceeding the range of 0 to rated power are screened and rejected.
Preferably, in step S03, when the wind turbine generator does not satisfy the two conditions, it is determined that there is no wind turbine aerodynamic imbalance; on the basis, whether the mass moment of the wind turbine generator is balanced or not is judged.
Preferably, the process of judging whether the mass moment of the wind turbine generator is balanced is as follows:
s41, screening vibration variables of the left and right wind generating sets under rated power in the step S01, carrying out data switching, dividing the vibration variables into N groups of data, carrying out FFT analysis, and extracting corresponding median, upper quantile and lower quantile; wherein the vibration variable is the left and right vibration acceleration of the engine room;
and S42, judging that the mass moment of the wind turbine generator is unbalanced when the unit is at the rated power and the median of the amplitude distribution of the left and right vibration acceleration 1P of the cabin of the wind turbine generator is higher than a second preset parameter.
The invention also discloses a system for identifying the unbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator, which comprises
The first module is used for acquiring the active power of the wind turbine generator and the front-back and left-right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator, obtaining the average value of the effective values of the front-back and left-right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator in a preset time period, and presetting the standard threshold corresponding to the front-back and left-right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator under the active power;
the second module is used for screening out vibration variables of the front and rear wind turbine generator sets under rated power in the step S01, carrying out data switching, dividing the vibration variables into N groups of data, carrying out FFT analysis, and extracting a median, an upper quantile and a lower quantile;
the third module is used for judging the pneumatic imbalance of the wind wheel when the wind turbine simultaneously meets the following two conditions;
(1) the average values of the effective values of the vibration variables of the front and the back as well as the left and the right of the wind turbine generator are all larger than the standard threshold value under the corresponding power;
(2) the median is higher than a first preset standard value or the upper quantile is higher than three times the lower quantile.
The present invention correspondingly discloses a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the method for identifying the imbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator set aims at the problem that the imbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator set is difficult to detect in the current large-scale wind field, the existing SCADA monitoring variable is utilized on the basis of not increasing detection equipment, a simple and easy method is adopted to detect the imbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator set, whether the imbalance exists in the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator set can be identified, operation and maintenance personnel are helped to correct the imbalance of the wind wheel in time, and the normal operation of the wind turbine generator set is guaranteed.
According to the method for identifying the unbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator, only the front and back vibration acceleration of the cabin of the wind turbine generator, the left and right vibration acceleration of the cabin and the active power of the wind turbine generator are used as variable inputs; the selected variables are few and easy to obtain, additional sensors are not needed, the selected variables are sensitive to unbalance of wind wheels of the wind turbine generator, and early fault characteristics can be timely and accurately reflected.
According to the method for identifying the unbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator set, when data are screened, the data under the normal power generation working condition are required to be screened, the data with the active power exceeding the range of 0-rated power and other abnormal and incomplete data are removed, and the influence of noise data on a diagnosis result can be avoided.
According to the method for identifying the unbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator, when power-vibration acceleration analysis is carried out, the effective values of the front and back vibration acceleration and the left and right vibration acceleration of the engine room in one minute are adopted to replace the front and back vibration acceleration and the left and right vibration acceleration of the engine room. Compared with the vibration acceleration, the effective value of the vibration acceleration can reflect the vibration energy and the damage force to the component, and the influence of accidental factors on the vibration value can be reduced.
According to the method for identifying the unbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator, when power-vibration acceleration analysis is carried out, the power interval is divided by adopting a Bien method, the average value of effective values of front-back vibration acceleration and left-right vibration acceleration of the engine room in different power intervals is obtained, the influence of different working conditions of the wind turbine generator on the front-back vibration acceleration and the left-right vibration acceleration of the engine room is fully considered, and the result is more accurate.
According to the method for identifying the unbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator, when the vibration acceleration is subjected to spectrum analysis, a boxplot is adopted to analyze vibration 1P amplitude distribution, and a condition for judging the unbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator is established through a characteristic value of the boxplot; the boxcar graph characteristic value is simple and easy to obtain, and the amplitude distribution of the vibration 1P can be well expressed, so that the vibration condition is reflected, and the wind turbine generator set is helped to determine whether the wind wheel is unbalanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a comparison graph of active power of a wind turbine generator versus vibration acceleration of a nacelle.
FIG. 3 is a distribution diagram of the amplitude of the forward and backward vibration acceleration 1P of the nacelle of the wind turbine under different balance conditions.
FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram of the amplitude of the left and right vibration acceleration 1P of the engine room under different balance conditions of the wind turbine generator.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments of the description.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for identifying imbalance of a wind wheel of a wind turbine generator according to the embodiment includes the following steps:
s01, obtaining the active power of the wind turbine generator and the front and back and left and right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator, obtaining the average value of the effective values of the front and back and left and right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator in a preset time period, and presetting the standard threshold corresponding to the front and back and left and right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator under the active power;
s02, carrying out data switching on vibration variables of the wind turbine generator set at the front and the back under rated power, dividing the vibration variables into N groups, carrying out FFT analysis, and extracting a median, an upper quantile and a lower quantile;
s03, when the wind turbine simultaneously meets the following two conditions, judging that the wind wheel is not balanced pneumatically;
(1) the average values of the effective values of the vibration variables of the front and the back as well as the left and the right of the wind turbine generator are all larger than the standard threshold value under the corresponding power;
(2) the median is higher than a first preset standard value or the upper quantile is higher than three times the lower quantile.
The method for identifying the imbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator set aims at the problem that the imbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator set is difficult to detect in the current large-scale wind field, the existing SCADA monitoring variable is utilized on the basis of not increasing detection equipment, a simple and easy method is adopted to detect the imbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator set, whether the imbalance exists in the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator set can be identified, operation and maintenance personnel are helped to correct the imbalance of the wind wheel in time, and the normal operation of the wind turbine generator set is guaranteed.
Specifically, the method of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to a specific embodiment:
the stress analysis of the blades and the wind wheel shows that when the blades are in pneumatic imbalance, the blades of the wind turbine generate extra torque in the front and back directions of the cabin due to different pneumatic performances, and impact is caused in the rotating plane of the blades, namely the left and right directions of the cabin, so that the wind turbine generates the phenomena of up-down nodding and left-right swinging, and the front-back vibration acceleration and the left-right vibration acceleration of the cabin of the wind turbine are obviously higher than those of a normal wind turbine; when mass moment unbalance occurs to the blades, the inertia force caused by the mass can only cause impact in the rotating plane, namely the left and right directions of the engine room, and cannot affect the wind wheel shaft, namely the front and back vibration acceleration of the engine room or has little influence, so that when the mass moment unbalance occurs, although the front and back vibration acceleration change of the engine room of the wind turbine generator is not obvious, the left and right vibration acceleration of the engine room can be obviously higher than that of a normal generator.
As shown in fig. 1, based on the above features, the variables closely related to the imbalance of the wind wheel are first selected: the vibration acceleration of the front and back of the engine room, the vibration acceleration of the left and right of the engine room and the active power of the wind turbine generator set; then respectively carrying out power-acceleration analysis and vibration acceleration frequency spectrum box line diagram analysis according to whether the original data are aggregated or not according to the variables, respectively obtaining a judgment feature 1 and a judgment feature 2, and determining whether the wind turbine generator has pneumatic imbalance or not according to the judgment feature 1 and the judgment feature 2; and finally, under the condition that the wind turbine generator is excluded from having pneumatic unbalance, determining whether the wind turbine generator has mass moment unbalance or not according to the judgment feature 3 obtained by the vibration acceleration frequency spectrum analysis. Of course, in other embodiments, the variables may also select any one of nacelle vibratory displacement, nacelle vibratory velocity, spindle vibratory displacement, spindle vibratory velocity, or spindle vibratory acceleration.
According to the analysis and the flow chart, the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) preprocessing SCADA off-line data: selection of related variable and data screening
Firstly, selecting variables closely related to imbalance of a wind wheel of a wind turbine generator set aiming at SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) offline historical data, wherein the variables comprise front and rear vibration acceleration of a cabin, left and right vibration acceleration of the cabin and active power of the wind turbine generator set, the time granularity of the selected data is 1s, and the time length of the selected data is at least 1 month. Then, screening out the operating data under normal power generation according to the master control state, and rejecting the data with active power exceeding 0 or outside the rated power range and various abnormal and incomplete data, wherein when data rejection is carried out, if any one or more of three variables (the front and back vibration acceleration of the engine room, the left and right vibration acceleration of the engine room and the active power of the wind turbine generator) have abnormal or incomplete data at a certain moment, the data of the three variables at the moment are all rejected.
(2) Pneumatic unbalance judgment of wind turbine generator
Judging the characteristic 1: when the power of the wind turbine generator is in a rated power section, the average value of the effective values of the front and rear vibration acceleration and the left and right vibration acceleration of the cabin of the wind turbine generator exceeds a threshold parameter 1 (namely a first preset value, and the threshold is a normal range boundary where the effective values of the front and rear vibration acceleration and the left and right vibration acceleration of the cabin are located under a normal condition).
The specific operation steps are as follows:
and (3) data aggregation: front-back and left-right vibration acceleration data aggregation of engine room and active power aggregation of wind turbine generator
Since the fore-and-aft vibration acceleration of the nacelle and the left-and-right vibration acceleration of the nacelle are data fluctuating up and down with 0 as a center, an average value cannot be obtained, and the effective value of the vibration acceleration is close to the energy value of the vibration signal, so that the destructive power of the vibration can be represented. Therefore, the nacelle vibration effective value is used instead of the nacelle vibration average value. Firstly, the front-back and left-right vibration acceleration of the engine room in the original second-level data are aggregated into a 1min effective value, and secondly, the active power of the wind turbine generator is aggregated to make the data points the same, and the average value of the data points is aggregated into a 1min average value. The aggregate expression formula of the left and right acceleration effective values of the front and the rear of the engine room is as follows:
in the formula, VRMSA one minute effective value representing acceleration; v. ofiAcceleration values representing data in the order of seconds within the same minute; n represents the number of data points within the same minute.
According to the formula, effective values of the front and back vibration acceleration and the left and right vibration acceleration of the engine room in the same minute are aggregated, so that the time granularity is changed into one minute. And then, carrying out one-minute aggregation on the active power of the wind turbine generator according to an average expression formula, so that the active power corresponds to the front-back acceleration and the left-right acceleration of the engine room. The aggregate expression formula of the average value of the active power of the wind turbine generator is as follows:
in the formula,
representing a one-minute average value of active power of the wind turbine generator; piThe active power value of each second level data in the same minute is represented; n represents the number of data points in the same minute.
Power binning: active power of the wind turbine generator is subjected to box separation processing, and front and back vibration acceleration boxes and left and right vibration acceleration boxes of the engine room are averaged.
The vibration acceleration of the front and back of the engine room and the vibration acceleration of the left and right of the engine room are influenced by the working condition of the wind turbine generator, the vibration acceleration under different working conditions has different variation ranges, and the larger the generating power of the wind turbine generator is, the larger the vibration acceleration of the front and back and left and right of the engine room is. Therefore, the active power of the wind turbine generator needs to be considered when observing the front-back and left-right vibration acceleration of the engine room, and the front-back and left-right vibration acceleration values of the engine room of the wind turbine generator, which are corresponding to normal operation, in different power intervals are different. Firstly, processing the one-minute aggregated data by adopting a Bien method (Bins), dividing the active power of the wind turbine into a plurality of different power intervals by taking 50KW as a unit, and then respectively calculating the average values of the front and back vibration acceleration values and the left and right vibration acceleration values of the engine room in the different power intervals; of course, in other embodiments, the width of the split box may be selected to be 1KW, 2KW, 3KW, …, 49KW, 50KW, … up to 1/10 of the rated power of the wind turbine in addition to 50 KW. The formula for dividing the active power interval of the wind turbine generator is as follows:
P*＝floor((P+25)/50)*50 (3)
in the formula, P represents a power interval of active power of the wind turbine generator; p represents the value of each active power aggregated into one minute; floor represents a floor rounding function.
According to the power interval of each data point, averaging the fore-and-aft vibration acceleration and the left-and-right vibration acceleration of the cabin, as shown in the following formula:
in the formula,
the average value of the effective values of the vibration acceleration of a certain power interval of the wind turbine generator is represented; vRMSRepresenting the effective value of the vibration acceleration falling in the power interval; n represents the number of data points falling within the power interval.
Power-acceleration analysis: according to the above formula, the average value of the forward and backward vibration acceleration and the left and right vibration acceleration of the nacelle in each power interval can be respectively obtained, and a power-forward and backward vibration acceleration map and a power-left and right vibration acceleration map of each wind turbine generator set can be drawn according to the average value of the forward and backward vibration acceleration and the left and right vibration acceleration of the nacelle in different power intervals, as shown in fig. 2.
Judgment condition 2: under the full-power (rated power) running condition of the wind turbine generator, the median of the amplitude distribution of the front and back vibration acceleration 1P of the cabin of the wind turbine generator is higher than a parameter 2 (namely a second preset value), or the upper quantile is higher than a lower quantile which is 3 times higher than the upper quantile.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
and (3) working condition screening: according to the active power of the wind turbine generator, screening a cabin front and rear vibration acceleration data point under a full-transmission working condition (rated power) from the data subjected to SCADA off-line data preprocessing in the last step, and using the data point as the input of subsequent cabin front and rear vibration acceleration frequency spectrum analysis;
data segmentation: in order to ensure the spectral resolution after the vibration acceleration spectrum analysis, the invention carries out data segmentation on the screened data, and the data is segmented into N groups of data by taking 1000 points as one group according to a time sequence;
analyzing a frequency spectrum box diagram of the front and rear vibration acceleration of the engine room: and performing FFT analysis on the N groups of data respectively to obtain N1P amplitudes of the front and rear vibration acceleration of the engine room, then respectively making a 1P amplitude box line graph of the front and rear vibration acceleration of the engine room, and extracting a median, an upper quantile (a three-quarter quantile) and a lower quantile (a quarter quantile). The front and rear vibration acceleration 1P amplitude distribution of the wind turbine generator cabin under different balance working conditions is different, as shown in FIG. 3:
online diagnosis: according to the principle analysis of the aerodynamic imbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator, if the vibration acceleration of the cabin of the wind turbine generator meets the judgment condition 1 and the judgment condition 2, the existence of the aerodynamic imbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator can be judged; if one of the conditions is not met, the wind turbine generator set cannot be judged to have wind wheel aerodynamic imbalance; and if the two conditions are not met, judging that the wind turbine generator set does not have the aerodynamic imbalance of the wind wheel.
(3) Wind turbine generator mass moment unbalance judgment
The characteristic feature of unbalanced mass moment of the wind turbine generator is as follows: the front and rear vibration acceleration of the engine room is not obvious, and the left and right vibration acceleration of the engine room is obvious. Therefore, when the wind turbine generator has the pneumatic imbalance, whether the wind turbine generator has the mass moment imbalance or not is difficult to judge, but when the wind turbine generator does not have the pneumatic imbalance, whether the wind turbine generator has the mass moment imbalance or not can be judged according to the following judgment conditions.
Judgment condition 3: under the condition of full-service operation of the wind turbine generator, the median of the amplitude distribution of the left and right vibration acceleration 1P of the cabin of the wind turbine generator is higher than the parameter 3.
The concrete operation steps are the same as those of the judgment process 2, and only the front and rear vibration acceleration values of the cabin are replaced by the left and right vibration acceleration values of the cabin. The left and right vibration acceleration 1P amplitude distribution of the wind turbine generator cabin under different balance working conditions is different, as shown in FIG. 4.
Online diagnosis: in summary, under the condition that the pneumatic imbalance judgment result of the wind turbine generator is negative, whether the mass moment imbalance exists in the wind turbine generator can be judged according to the judgment condition 3.
According to the method for identifying the unbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator, only the front and back vibration acceleration of the cabin of the wind turbine generator, the left and right vibration acceleration of the cabin and the active power of the wind turbine generator are used as variable inputs; the selected variables are few and easy to obtain, additional sensors are not needed, the selected variables are sensitive to unbalance of wind wheels of the wind turbine generator, and early fault characteristics can be timely and accurately reflected.
According to the method for identifying the unbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator set, when data are screened, the data under the normal power generation working condition are required to be screened, the data with the active power exceeding the range of 0-rated power and other abnormal and incomplete data are removed, and the influence of noise data on a diagnosis result can be avoided.
According to the method for identifying the unbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator, when power-vibration acceleration analysis is carried out, the effective values of the front and back vibration acceleration and the left and right vibration acceleration of the engine room in one minute are adopted to replace the front and back vibration acceleration and the left and right vibration acceleration of the engine room. Compared with the vibration acceleration, the effective value of the vibration acceleration can reflect the vibration energy and the damage force to the component, and the influence of accidental factors on the vibration value can be reduced.
According to the method for identifying the unbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator, when power-vibration acceleration analysis is carried out, the power interval is divided by adopting a Bien method, the average value of effective values of front-back vibration acceleration and left-right vibration acceleration of the engine room in different power intervals is obtained, the influence of different working conditions of the wind turbine generator on the front-back vibration acceleration and the left-right vibration acceleration of the engine room is fully considered, and the result is more accurate.
According to the method for identifying the unbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator, when the vibration acceleration is subjected to spectrum analysis, a boxplot is adopted to analyze vibration 1P amplitude distribution, and a condition for judging the unbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator is established through a characteristic value of the boxplot; the boxcar graph characteristic value is simple and easy to obtain, and the amplitude distribution of the vibration 1P can be well expressed, so that the vibration condition is reflected, and the wind turbine generator set is helped to determine whether the wind wheel is unbalanced.
The invention also discloses a system for identifying the unbalance of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator, which comprises
The first module is used for acquiring the active power of the wind turbine generator and the front-back and left-right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator, obtaining the average value of the effective values of the front-back and left-right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator in a preset time period, and presetting the standard threshold corresponding to the front-back and left-right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator under the active power;
the second module is used for screening out vibration variables of the front and rear wind turbine generator sets under rated power in the step S01, carrying out data switching, dividing the vibration variables into N groups of data, carrying out FFT analysis, and extracting a median, an upper quantile and a lower quantile;
the third module is used for judging the pneumatic imbalance of the wind wheel when the wind turbine simultaneously meets the following two conditions;
(1) the average values of the effective values of the vibration variables of the front and the back as well as the left and the right of the wind turbine generator are all larger than the standard threshold value under the corresponding power;
(2) the median is higher than a first preset standard value or the upper quantile is higher than three times the lower quantile.
The invention also correspondingly discloses a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the method as described above.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. A method for identifying unbalance of a wind wheel of a wind turbine generator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s01, obtaining the active power of the wind turbine generator and the front and back and left and right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator, obtaining the average value of the effective values of the front and back and left and right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator in a preset time period, and presetting the standard threshold corresponding to the front and back and left and right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator under the active power;
s02, carrying out data switching on vibration variables of the wind turbine generator set at the front and the back under rated power, dividing the vibration variables into N groups, carrying out FFT analysis, and extracting a median, an upper quantile and a lower quantile;
s03, when the wind turbine simultaneously meets the following two conditions, judging that the wind wheel is not balanced pneumatically;
(1) the average values of the effective values of the vibration variables of the front and the back as well as the left and the right of the wind turbine generator are all larger than the standard threshold value under the corresponding power;
(2) the median is higher than a first preset standard value or the upper quantile is higher than three times the lower quantile.
2. The method for identifying the imbalance of the wind turbine generator rotor according to claim 1, wherein in step S01, the vibration variable of the wind turbine generator is any one of a nacelle vibration displacement, a nacelle vibration speed, a nacelle vibration acceleration, a main shaft vibration displacement, a main shaft vibration speed or a main shaft vibration acceleration.
3. The method for identifying a wind turbine rotor imbalance according to claim 2, wherein the vibration variable of the wind turbine is a nacelle vibration acceleration; the process of obtaining the average value of the effective values of the vibration variables of the wind turbine generator before, after, and to the left and right under the condition (1) of step S03 is as follows:
s31, carrying out effective value aggregation on the front and back vibration acceleration and the left and right vibration acceleration of the cabin of the wind turbine generator, and carrying out average value aggregation on active power;
and S32, performing box separation processing on the active power of the wind turbine generator, and performing in-box averaging on the front and back vibration acceleration and the left and right vibration acceleration of the cabin to obtain an average value.
4. The method for identifying the imbalance of the rotor of the wind turbine generator set according to claim 3, wherein in the step S31, the formula for carrying out effective value aggregation on the front-back vibration acceleration and the left-right vibration acceleration of the nacelle of the wind turbine generator set is as follows:
wherein, VRMSA one minute effective value representing a vibration acceleration; v. ofiRepresenting the vibration acceleration value of each second-level data within the same minute; n represents the number of data points within the same minute.
5. The method for identifying the imbalance of the wind turbine rotor of the wind turbine generator set according to claim 3, wherein in the step S31, the formula for performing average value aggregation on the active power is as follows:
wherein,
representing a one-minute average value of active power of the wind turbine generator; piThe active power value of each second level data in the same minute is represented; n represents the number of data points in the same minute.
6. The method for identifying the imbalance of the wind turbine generator set according to claim 3, wherein the specific process of the step S32 is as follows: and processing the aggregated data by adopting a Bin method, dividing the active power of the wind turbine generator into a plurality of different power intervals at certain intervals, and then respectively calculating the average values of the front and back vibration acceleration effective values and the left and right vibration acceleration effective values of the engine room in the different power intervals.
7. The method for identifying the imbalance of the wind turbine generator set according to claim 6, wherein the active power interval of the wind turbine generator set is divided according to the following formula:
P*＝floor((P+25)/50)*50 (3)
wherein P represents the power interval of the active power of the wind turbine generator; p represents the value of each active power aggregated into one minute; floor represents a floor rounding function.
8. The method for identifying the imbalance of the wind turbine generator according to claim 6, wherein the formula for solving the average value of the effective values of the front-back vibration acceleration and the left-right vibration acceleration of the nacelle in different power intervals is as follows:
wherein,
representing wind turbineThe average value of effective values of vibration acceleration in a certain power interval; vRMSRepresenting the effective value of the vibration acceleration falling in the power interval; n represents the number of data points falling within the power interval.
9. The method for identifying the imbalance of the rotor of the wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the specific process of the step S02 is as follows:
s21, carrying out data segmentation on the data in the step S01, and dividing the data into N groups of data by taking M points as one group according to a time sequence;
s22, performing FFT analysis on the N groups of data respectively to obtain N1P amplitudes of the front and rear vibration acceleration of the cabin, then respectively making 1P amplitude box line graphs of the front and rear vibration acceleration of the cabin, and extracting a median, an upper quantile and a lower quantile.
10. The method for identifying the imbalance of the wind turbine generator rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein in step S02, data with active power exceeding the range of 0-rated power are screened and rejected.
11. The method for identifying the imbalance of the wind turbine generator rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein in step S03, when the wind turbine generator does not satisfy two conditions, it is determined that there is no aerodynamic imbalance of the wind turbine generator; on the basis, whether the mass moment of the wind turbine generator is balanced or not is judged.
12. The method for identifying the imbalance of the rotor of the wind turbine generator set according to claim 11, wherein the process of judging whether the mass moment of the wind turbine generator set is balanced is as follows:
s41, screening vibration variables of the left and right wind generating sets under rated power in the step S01, carrying out data switching, dividing the vibration variables into N groups of data, carrying out FFT analysis, and extracting corresponding median, upper quantile and lower quantile; wherein the vibration variable is the left and right vibration acceleration of the engine room;
and S42, judging that the mass moment of the wind turbine generator is unbalanced when the unit is at the rated power and the median of the amplitude distribution of the left and right vibration acceleration 1P of the cabin of the wind turbine generator is higher than a second preset parameter.
13. An identification system for unbalance of wind wheel of wind turbine generator is characterized by comprising
The first module is used for acquiring the active power of the wind turbine generator and the front-back and left-right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator, obtaining the average value of the effective values of the front-back and left-right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator in a preset time period, and presetting the standard threshold corresponding to the front-back and left-right vibration variables of the wind turbine generator under the active power;
the second module is used for screening out vibration variables of the front and rear wind turbine generator sets under rated power in the step S01, carrying out data switching, dividing the vibration variables into N groups of data, carrying out FFT analysis, and extracting a median, an upper quantile and a lower quantile;
the third module is used for judging the pneumatic imbalance of the wind wheel when the wind turbine simultaneously meets the following two conditions;
(1) the average values of the effective values of the vibration variables of the front and the back as well as the left and the right of the wind turbine generator are all larger than the standard threshold value under the corresponding power;
(2) the median is higher than a first preset standard value or the upper quantile is higher than three times the lower quantile.
14. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method of any one of claims 1 to 12.
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