CN104073319B - A kind of brown coal additive and brown coal dehydration treatment method - Google Patents
A kind of brown coal additive and brown coal dehydration treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104073319B CN104073319B CN201410329878.XA CN201410329878A CN104073319B CN 104073319 B CN104073319 B CN 104073319B CN 201410329878 A CN201410329878 A CN 201410329878A CN 104073319 B CN104073319 B CN 104073319B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of brown coal water-removal additive and brown coal dehydration treatment method, brown coal water-removal additive is water and the mixed preparing in proportion of one or more in anion surfactant, nonionic surfactant, organic acid, waterglass, carbonate and chlorate compounds, and wherein the ratio of water is more than 80%.Brown coal dehydration treatment method includes: air storage, sprays brown coal water-removal additive；Broken；Add brown coal additive, and the cellular building block of cold moudling again；Finally dry or be dried under low temperature.The present invention solves the inherent moisture content of brown coal (the most soft brown coal) in nature or situation about cannot be dried under only low temperature hot blast (less than 45 DEG C)；The brown coal that full moisture content is more than 55% and low heat valve is less than 1600Kcal/kg can be made to be fully used at numerous industrial circles.The inventive method significantly increases brown coal " interior water " and the hydrophobicity of " in conjunction with water ", permeability, substantially increases the industrial utility value of brown coal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to brown coal dehydration technique, be specifically related to a kind of brown coal water-removal additive and brown coal dehydration treatment method.
Background technology
Brown coal, have another name called bavin coal (wood coal), are that degree of coalification is minimumMineral productsCoal.It is predicted whole world brown coal geology
Reserves are about 4,000,000,000,000 tons, account for coal reserves 40%.The lignite resource amount that China has been found that is 1311.42 hundred million tons, accounts for CHINESE COAL
The 13% of charcoal reserves, under current global energy intense situation increasingly, the economic worth of brown coal and relevant adding thereof
Work production technology is paid attention to by world energy sources circle day by day.
But, due to brown coal moisture high (30% one 60%), the low use value that greatly limit brown coal of calorific value.Nothing
Opinion earthy browncoal or dark-coloured its contained high moisture content of brown coal are all the obstacles hindering brown coal industrial utilization.The directly heat of combusting brown coal
Inefficient, greenhouse gas emissions are big.Brown coal moisture content is big simultaneously, and what the moisture content of earthy browncoal had is even greater than 60%.Particularly
Its whole net calorific value as received basis are discharged by low for net calorific value as received basis, that As-received moisture content is the highest brown coal,
Its As-received moisture content is remained little, if the most this brown coal are used after normal temperature is heated to evaporating required heat by deduction
It is nugatory that the mode of heating develops and utilizes.It addition, brown coal easy-weathering and spontaneous combustion, the cost of transportation of unit energy
Height, is unfavorable for long distance delivery and storage.Therefore, brown coal dehydration upgrading has become the key that brown coal Efficient Development utilizes.
In prior art, the dehydration of current brown coal is following several:
1, rotary pipe type dry technology；2, steam fluid-bed drying technology (SFBD)；
3, hot dewatering process/method；4, mechanical dehydration technique/method；
5, hot pressing dewatering process (MTE)；6, liquefied dimethyl ether solid evaporation.
Above-mentioned all technology are all direct external source heats brown coal so that it is moisture content reduces.There are some researches show,
When brown coal are heated to more than 100 DEG C at normal temperatures, most Free water can be evaporated.But it is this by the purely side of heating
The brown coal that formula obtains, in atmosphere can the moisture absorption.When brown coal moisture is less than 15%, if desired continues to be dried and dehydration, i.e. remove knot
During Heshui, owing to brown coal have stronger adhesion with combining water, then higher temperature and energy is needed to carry out.Work as brown coal
When continuing to be heated to more than 180 DEG C at ambient pressure, brown coal combine water (inherent water) and can be removed.When brown coal temperature is higher than 150
DEG C time, hydroxy functional group (mainly-COOH) decomposes, and separates out CO2Gas, simultaneously by combination water (inherent water) row of brown coal
Remove.Improve temperature further, increasing hydroxy functional group will be caused to decompose, thus cause brown coal character to change.This is the most not
It is beneficial to the industrial utilization of brown coal.
Summary of the invention
For deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of low cost, using method is simple
Brown coal water-removal additive.
The present invention also provides for a kind of brown coal dehydration treatment method, makes the brown coal of quantity on a large scale " to shine in its natural state
Dry " to applying the base low level moisture state less than less than 15%, utilize low order brown coal to create condition for commercial scale.
Realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that a kind of brown coal water-removal additive, it is characterised in that for
In anion surfactant, nonionic surfactant, organic acid, waterglass, carbonate and chlorate compounds extremely
One in few three class materials mixes formulated with water in proportion, and wherein the ratio of water is more than 80%.
Further, described formula is: anion surfactant 0 ~ 10%, nonionic surfactant 0 ~ 10%, organic acid 0
~ 10%, waterglass 0 ~ 10%, carbonate 0 ~ 10% and chlorate compounds 0 ~ 10%, surplus is water；And the ratio of water is not less than
80%。
Further, described anion surfactant is neopelex (LAS), DBSA
(LABSA), fatty alcohol sulphuric acid (ester) salt (FAS),Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate saltOr alkyl alcohol ethoxylates (AES)
Phosphate ester salt.Described nonionic surfactant isSorbitan ester, glyceryl monostearate polyol ester APEO
Or ethylene glycol amine.Described organic acid is sulfonic acid, citric acid or acetic acid.Described waterglass, carbonate and chlorination salt are lime
Stone, precipitated calcium carbonate, calcium chloride and potassium chloride or sodium chloride.
The present invention also provides for a kind of brown coal dehydration treatment method, comprises the steps:
1) (time was advisable with 2 ~ 45 days, and the time, oversize meeting accounted for the brown coal after exploitation to be carried out air storage at least 24 hours
Longer with place, it is unfavorable for work)；
2) according to the quality of air storage brown coal, water or brown coal additive are sprayed onto on brown coal heap equably so that it is from
Row penetrates into each aspect of brown coal heap；Its addition is for be advisable to run through；And stack within least 10 hours, (time was with 12 ~ 36 hours
Being advisable, time oversize meeting occupied ground is longer)；
3) brown coal crushing of more than 10 hours has been stacked to 20 ~ 30mm by above-mentioned；
4) being delivered in the stirring hopper of chilling press by above-mentioned broken brown coal, the brown coal of second time addition simultaneously add
Add agent, stir；Its addition makes brown coal overall moisture content reach 45 ~ 60% to be advisable；
5) in chilling press, cold moudling is 6 ~ 10cm for height, the cellular building block that length and width does not limits；
6) above-mentioned cellular building block " threshing ground " dried or under 40 ~ 50 DEG C of low temperature, be dried to the use demand of brown coal.
Compared to existing technology, there is advantages that
1, the brown coal water-removal additive that the present invention provides is a kind of novel product, and one of function is to make water or combination in brown coal
Water can the most effectively penetrate into brown coal particle surface, so that " relying on solar energy to dry or dehydration at low temperatures "
Method is achieved；The two of function are the Moulding Process of Brown Coal making to crush, even and if shaping dried brown coal broken again after, it is raised
Dirt and moisture absorption are greatly lowered, and can reach environmental protection and industrial requirements in handling and transportation；The three of function are that these brown coal exist
In combustion process, the work of flue gas desulfurization completes in the lump.
Further, additive is based on water, and other composition is entirely capable of decomposing, in whole shaping and drying process in its natural state
In low almost without pollution, integrated cost, production efficiency is high, greatly reduces the institute such as such as dielectric loss, power consumption, artificial, equipment
The integrated cost brought.
2, dehydration treatment method of the present invention breaks traditions thinking, at the additive added containing a large amount of water with increase water in right amount
It is dehydrated in the case of Fen, solves the inherent moisture content of brown coal (the most soft brown coal) in nature or at only Low Temperature Thermal
Situation about cannot be dried under wind (less than 45 DEG C)；Full moisture content can be made more than 55% and low heat valve is less than the brown of 1600Kcal/kg
Coal can be fully used at numerous industrial circles；The brown coal making quantity on a large scale can " dry " in its natural state to applying base
The low level moisture state less than 15%, utilizes low order brown coal to create condition for commercial scale.
3, after dehydration treatment method of the present invention has sprayed aqueous solution additive in raw material brown coal, brown coal are significantly increased
" interior water " and the hydrophobicity of " in conjunction with water ", permeability, significantly improve the intensity after brown coal cold moudling, hence it is evident that reduce brown coal
Dried airborne dust, thus substantially increase the industrial utility value of brown coal.During whole shaping and drying almost without
Polluting, integrated cost is low, and production efficiency is high, and that greatly reduces that such as dielectric loss, power consumption, artificial, equipment etc. brought is comprehensive
Cost.
Particularly, and low order brown coal (low for net calorific value as received basis, brown coal that As-received moisture content is the highest, it is whole
Net calorific value as received basis discharges, deduct by its As-received moisture content after normal temperature is heated to evaporating required heat the most remaining
Very few, if it is nugatory that the most this brown coal develop and utilize by the mode of heating) two can not utilized
In the case of secondary energy, merely with being dried in the case of natural solar energy and wind energy apply base moisture content less than 15% and following.
Low order brown coal are made to obtain industrial utilization widely.
Brown coal after being further dried are molded, when transportation and handling without airborne dust.When drying loft is stacked, spontaneous combustion
Danger is greatly lowered.In the case of the most directly drenching with rain, moisture absorption phenomenon is inconspicuous.Further, no longer add when being used for burning
Other desulfurizing agent or increase other desulphurization plant.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
(1) present invention provides a kind of brown coal water-removal additive, for water and ionic surface active agent, non-ionic surface active
In agent, organic acid, waterglass, carbonate and chlorate compounds at least three kinds mixed preparing in proportion, the wherein ratio of water
Example is more than 80%.Specific embodiment is as follows:
The aqueous solution brown coal water-removal additive that the present invention provides, is analyzed according to the feature of brown coal and selects.
1, this aqueous solution additive is by ionic surface active agent, nonionic surfactant, organic acid, waterglass, carbon
The different materials such as hydrochlorate and other salt compounds, according to different qualities and the difference of additive use order of raw material brown coal,
Constitute according to different proportion (above-mentioned component increases and decreases in the range of 0-10%).This kind of aqueous solution additive is that one has surface
Activity and the mixing sulfolane hydrocarbon compound of ion exchangeable, its molecule has hydrophilic radical and hydrophobic group, can be completely dissolved
Yu Shuizhong.This product is the most harmless to human body, livestock, plant and the Nature.
2, the high molecular polymer in additive component, can separate out the channel blockage after water brown coal particle, and by brown
Coal particle is as wrapping up with " plastics "；This is not only substantially reduced the moisture absorption of the brown coal particle after natural drying dehydration,
Reach the purpose preventing air moisture from reentering, effectively prevent naturally separating out of brown coal volatile matter, it is suppressed that brown coal simultaneously
" spontaneous combustion " characteristic and " airborne dust " characteristic, create pole advantage for the long-distance transport of brown coal after dehydration.
3, in additive component, carbonate or other salt (determining according to current brown coal quality) can penetrate, infiltration is arrived brown
, there is chemical reaction after mixing with element sulphur therein when burning reaches uniform temperature, thus reach de-in each aspect of coal particle
Sulphur purpose.
(2) a kind of low energy efficient brown coal dehydration treatment method, comprises the steps:
1, the brown coal after exploitation are carried out air storage.
2, composition (that is: water, the ion surface work of additive for the first time is determined according to the quality of air storage brown coal
The materials such as property agent, nonionic surfactant, organic acid, waterglass, carbonic acid and salt compounds form by a certain percentage, its
The ratio of middle water is more than 80%).This additive solution is sprayed onto on brown coal heap equably so that it is penetrate into brown coal heap voluntarily
Each aspect.Purpose is to increase the hydrophobicity of brown coal, permeability, makes brown coal " interior water " and " in conjunction with water " precipitate into brown coal particle each
The surface of layer.
3, by the brown coal crushing of above-mentioned stacking at least 10 hours (overlong time can affect moisture content) to below 30mm.
4, above-mentioned broken brown coal are delivered in the stirring hopper of chilling press, are simultaneously introduced secondary additive.
Secondary additive is to adjust this additive according to the now characteristic of brown coal and the purposes of these produced brown coal respectively to form into
The ratio divided.This time the constituent of additive is by water, ionic surface active agent, nonionic surfactant, organic equally
The same in the materials such as acid, waterglass, carbonic acid and salt compounds or a few form by a certain percentage.
5, in chilling press, cold moudling is that height is the least less than 10cm(, and brown coal drying is to using requirement
Time is the shortest), the cellular building block that length and width does not limits.(length and width size depends on the mould of chilling press, chilling press
Mould is that the requirement in the place according to " threshing ground " and " low temperature drying " determines.)
6, above-mentioned cellular building block turnover plate type conveyer is transported " threshing ground " and dry the use demand of brown coal.
Or by transmission mechanical transport to low temperature drying place, it is dried the use demand to brown coal.
(3) using said method, select different brown coal water-removal additives according to different brown coal, application effect is as follows.
The brown coal quality that said method obtains, not only application base low level moisture can be reduced to less than 15%, is dried base simultaneously and waves
Send out within dividing the most only than the dry base volatile matter reduction by 5% of raw material brown coal.Ensure that the advantageous feature of drying brown coal.
The present invention solves the inherent moisture content of brown coal (the most soft brown coal) in nature or (little at only low temperature hot blast
In 45 DEG C) under situation about cannot be dried；The brown coal that full moisture content is more than 55% and low heat valve is less than 1600Kcal/kg can be made to exist
Numerous industrial circles can be fully used.
The present invention is by needing to add in dry brown coal the aqueous solution (being mainly composed of water), in helping in brown coal
Water or combine elutriation and go out, thus reach the purpose of low temperature drying (less than 45 DEG C).Especially for the brown coal of lower calorific value at ring
Border temperature is more than 22 DEG C, humidity less than in the environment of 60% just can natural drying, dried full moisture content is less than 12%.By this dry
Dry process reduces the brown coal of moisture, on the one hand improves brown coal calorific value on the premise of need not separately put into heat and energy is close
Degree, reduces cost of transportation；On the other hand can also improve the utilization ratio of downstream unit, reduce equipment scale, improve brown coal coal
The market competitiveness planted.
Brown coal moisture content according to reality exploitation determines each concentration of component in the aqueous solution additive that need to add and input amount,
So can dry or produce under low temperature drying state low moisture content in natural environment, the great industrial utility value of golf calorific value
Brown coal.
In sum, aqueous solution additive of the present invention is exploited by being sprayed at, and be in the brown coal heap of air storage
On surface, can permeate rapidly, infiltrate each aspect of brown coal particle, easily be adsorbed on brown coal particle by its composition of charge effect each
The surfaces externally and internally of aspect.Through after a period of time, after aspect each to brown coal particle is fully contacted, water can be reduced at brown coal particle
The attqched tension of each aspect, destroys the inherent surface protection film adsorbing water between brown coal particle.Make each aspect of brown coal particle
Moisture content quickly precipitate into surface, and block brown coal can fragmentation inside-out in the process.Make the inherent water being difficult to be naturally dried
It is discharged to particle surface, becomes the appearance water of easy natural drying volatilization.The brown coal having sprayed aqueous solution additive will become thin
Pine, moistening, slightly viscosity, put it in the hopper of chilling press after stirring, cold moudling be higher primary school in 10 centimetres, long and
The porose honeycomb coaly that width does not limits, is then transferred in nature threshing ground or low temperature drying device dry with turnover plate type conveyer
Dry.Final acquisition is a kind of applies the base low heat valve low water only than the raw material brown coal drying low 450-700Kcal/kg of base caloric value
Part, height wave part brown coal.
Finally illustrating, above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although with reference to relatively
The present invention has been described in detail by good embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme is modified or equivalent, and without deviating from objective and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be contained at this
In the middle of the right of invention.
Claims (1)
1. a brown coal dehydration treatment method, comprises the steps:
1) brown coal after exploitation are carried out air storage at least 24 hours；
2) according to the quality of air storage brown coal, water or brown coal additive are sprayed onto on brown coal heap equably so that it is ooze voluntarily
Thoroughly to each aspect of brown coal heap；Its addition is for be advisable to run through；And stack 12 ~ 36 hours；
3) brown coal crushing of 12-36 hour has been stacked to 20 ~ 30mm by above-mentioned；
4) above-mentioned broken brown coal are delivered in the stirring hopper of chilling press, are simultaneously introduced brown coal additive, stirring
Uniformly；Its addition makes overall moisture content reach 45 ~ 60%；
5) in chilling press, cold moudling is 6 ~ 10cm for height, the cellular building block that length and width does not limits；
6) above-mentioned cellular building block threshing ground dried or under 40 ~ 50 DEG C of low temperature, be dried to the use demand of brown coal；
Described brown coal additive, for anion surfactant, nonionic surfactant, organic acid, waterglass, carbonate and
At least three compounds in chlorination salt mix formulated with water in proportion；
Concrete formula is: anion surfactant 0 ~ 10%, nonionic surfactant 0 ~ 10%, organic acid 0 ~ 10%, waterglass
0 ~ 10%, carbonate 0 ~ 10% and chlorate compounds 0 ~ 10%, surplus is water；And the ratio of water is not less than 80%.
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| GB201509891D0 (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-07-22 | Jl Energy Pte Ltd | Formulation |
| CN109207231A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-15 | 山东东阿润生粘合剂有限公司 | A kind of coal-saving comburant improving efficiency of fire coal |
| CN114456866A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-05-10 | 重庆四季金标科技有限公司 | Lignite modification dehydration method and production process thereof and application of modified dehydrated lignite |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87104142A (en) * | 1986-05-10 | 1988-12-28 | 英国石油公司 | Coal dewatering |
| CN1044291A (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1990-08-01 | 刘永定 | Make brown coal become the technology of industrial fuel |
| CN101798549A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2010-08-11 | 天津美迪亚影像材料有限公司 | Special dehydrating agent for industrial radiographic film |
| CN102816620A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2012-12-12 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | Lignite drying method |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5672083A (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1981-06-16 | Nippon Oil & Fats Co Ltd | Water separation of coal-water slurry |
| JPS60152597A (en) * | 1984-01-19 | 1985-08-10 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Addition of additive in non-evaporative dehydration process of coal |
-
2014
- 2014-07-11 CN CN201410329878.XA patent/CN104073319B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87104142A (en) * | 1986-05-10 | 1988-12-28 | 英国石油公司 | Coal dewatering |
| CN1044291A (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1990-08-01 | 刘永定 | Make brown coal become the technology of industrial fuel |
| CN101798549A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2010-08-11 | 天津美迪亚影像材料有限公司 | Special dehydrating agent for industrial radiographic film |
| CN102816620A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2012-12-12 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | Lignite drying method |
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