CN104070128A - Die used for hot forging and hot forging method - Google Patents
Die used for hot forging and hot forging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104070128A CN104070128A CN201410119190.9A CN201410119190A CN104070128A CN 104070128 A CN104070128 A CN 104070128A CN 201410119190 A CN201410119190 A CN 201410119190A CN 104070128 A CN104070128 A CN 104070128A
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- forge hot
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- mould
- die blade
- hot forging
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Abstract
The invention provides a die used for hot forging, which can be used to form the expected surfacing layer on any position during the surfacing process, and is provided with the good economic performance, and is suitable for the large-scale products and the high-strength hot forging process, and a hot forging method. The die used for the hot forging is especially suitable for the long work piece. The hot forging die is a combination body integratedly formed by arranging a plurality of hot forging die sheets on the long side direction of the long work piece in a line, and preferably, the lengths of the hot forging die sheets are unequal on the long side directions of the long work pieces. And furthermore, the hot forging die is the combination body provided with more than four hot forging die sheets, and preferably is provided with an alloy layer on the impact surface of each of the hot forging die sheets.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to forge hot mould and hot forging method.
Background technology
In recent years, the high efficiency requirement based on steamturbine, the turbo blade using in steamturbine (is only called " blade " below.) also rectangularization gradually.The rectangular blade blank that exceedes about 1500mm in manufacture, main flow is to adopt blank to be clipped in and between patrix and counterdie and by large-scale punching press, to forge the method that is configured as blade blank.For example, the invention of the manufacture method of following a kind of blade is disclosed in Japanese kokai publication hei 4-46651 communique (patent documentation 1): forge with the die cavity of 3D shape excellence, this die cavity forms having the mold of the cavity surface (Japanese: type Carving り face) that is 3D shape and the mutual matched moulds of shock surface of bed die.Mold disclosed herein and bed die are (for example, with reference to patent documentation 1 Fig. 2 and Fig. 4) being made up of in the mode of integral piece a kind of metal material.
In addition, in Japanese kokai publication hei 5-50236 communique (patent documentation 2), there is the invention of the overlaying method of a kind of hardening built-up welding portion, it is characterized in that, make in advance the needed composition surface of mother metal be formed as concaveconvex shape, the hard materials such as stellite (stellite) are at least piled to be welded to bury the such thickness of this concaveconvex shape.In the past, in this patent documentation 2, the overlaying method of disclosed hardening built-up welding portion was mainly used in the built-up welding of the smallclothes such as engine valve.
Patent documentation 1: Japanese kokai publication hei 4-46651 communique
Patent documentation 2: Japanese kokai publication hei 5-50236 communique
According to present inventor's research, in the time that the forge hot of above-mentioned integral piece is carried out to built-up welding with the shock surface of mould, if forge hot is larger with mould, exist the position being difficult to expecting to form the such problem of overlay cladding arbitrarily.; there is such problem: in the time wanting to form arbitrarily overlay cladding at the position of expecting; have to use such welder and mould bearing device etc.: can by welding torch with angle configurations arbitrarily in or move to the position arbitrarily of the cavity surface of large-scale forge hot mould, thereby maximize for the device that carries out built-up welding.In addition, in the case of die cavity (cavity surface) complex-shaped, there are the following problems, that is, exist welding torch with angle configurations arbitrarily in the position arbitrarily of cavity surface itself with regard to very difficult situation.
In addition, on the part in the forge hot of integral piece with mould, produce the defect that crackle etc. can not repair, had to whole mould to do waste treatment, and uneconomical.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide in the time of built-up welding also can form at position arbitrarily the overlay cladding expected and economy also excellent and can be applicable to product maximization, high strength forge hot mould and utilize the hot forging method of this forge hot use mould.
The present invention proposes in view of the above problems.
That is, the invention provides a kind of forge hot mould, it is the forge hot mould that machining long workpieces is used, and wherein, above-mentioned forge hot mould is by form a line on the long side direction of the machining long workpieces assembly of the one forming of multiple forge hots die blade.
Preferably, on the long side direction of above-mentioned machining long workpieces, above-mentioned multiple forge hots are unequal by the length of die blade.
Further preferably, above-mentioned forge hot mould is the assembly of 4 above forge hots die blade.
Further preferably, on the shock surface by die blade, be formed with alloy-layer in above-mentioned forge hot.
And with in mould, forge hot is two or more different metal materials by the material of die blade in forge hot of the present invention.
In addition, in forge hot of the present invention, with in mould, above-mentioned multiple die blade are fixed by being embedded in housing or by pull bar.
In addition, in forge hot of the present invention, with in mould, machining long workpieces is blade blank.
In addition, the invention provides a kind of hot forging method, wherein, this hot forging method comprises following operation: the 1st operation, using being loaded by forging blank in the surface of forge hot mould as machining long workpieces; And the 2nd operation, to as above-mentioned machining long workpieces carried out forge hot by forging blank, above-mentioned forge hot mould is the assembly of multiple forge hots die blade, above-mentioned multiple forge hots form a line on the long side direction of machining long workpieces by die blade and become one.
Adopt forge hot mould of the present invention, in the time of built-up welding, also can form at position arbitrarily the overlay cladding expected and economy also excellent and can be applicable to maximization, the high strength of product.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of forge hot of the present invention mould.
Fig. 2 is embedded into forge hot of the present invention mould in housing and schematic diagram when fixing.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram while utilizing pull bar that forge hot of the present invention mould is fixing.
Detailed description of the invention
Use brief description of the drawings forge hot mould of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of forge hot of the present invention mould, and this forge hot is applied to the such machining long workpieces of for example blade with mould.In addition, in " forge hot " of the present invention, also comprise isothermal forging and hot die forming (Japanese: ホ ッ ト ダ イ).
Forge hot of the present invention is by the form a line forge hot mould of the integral piece forming of multiple die blade 2 with mould 1.Thus, can make the size of each die blade 2 diminish.Therefore,, while cavity surface being carried out to built-up welding in the situation that again not preparing special large-scale built-up welder, for sheet metal 2, be easy to form the overlay cladding of thickness, shape arbitrarily at the position of expecting individually.
In addition, even produced crackle in a part of die blade, also can only change this die blade.Thus, can be formed in the forge hot mould also having superiority in economy.
In addition,, as the material of die blade, can select the Hot-working Die Steels such as SKD61, SKT4 that such as Japanese JIS standard specifies, in addition, for example, in the situation that will making mould high strength, can select Ni base superalloy, the high-speed tool steels such as Alloy718.In addition, in the present invention, the die blade that can combine unlike material according to the size of load that puts on each die blade forms forge hot mould, or, the position that stress when being easy to disperse forge hot is concentrated and the object that is easy to carry out built-up welding, also can cut apart to reduce the stress that puts on each die blade by the bight of cavity surface.Combine by said method, can improve the life-span of forge hot mould.
In addition, in Fig. 1, at the rectangle that is shaped as in the time that forge hot is observed forge hot mould with the short brink of mould, but also this shape can be trapezoidal.If trapezoidal, described later, for example utilize housing to be fixed and by this forge hot mould when the patrix, can prevent falling of forge hot mould.
The length (length on the long side direction of machining long workpieces) of the die blade 2 using in the present invention in addition, can be also unequal.Its reason is, owing to being produced twisting action on forge piece in forge hot, therefore, the length at the position that the length stress elongated or die blade on the contrary at the position that is applied in larger stress of for example die blade 2 is less shortens, thus, in the time making the assembly of die blade 2, can make to act on the stress dispersion of whole forge hot mould.In addition, as required, utilize in advance simulation to verify that each die blade will be applied in the position of stress and determine that split position is preferred, even if in the situation that also needs to have to cut apart for the position that is applied in larger stress, for example, as shown in the right corner of Fig. 1, be effective by further die blade tiltedly being cut apart to the way that stress is reduced in short transverse updip.
In addition, for the length on long side direction of each die blade, can consider to put on the stress of forge hot mould, the strength of materials that die blade itself has and determine length.Especially, in the time of the warm forming machine using more than tens thousand of tons, also become greatly owing to putting on the stress of die blade, therefore, if make length too short, likely make die blade destroy, preferably make thus the length on long side direction of each die blade minimum for more than 100mm.
In addition, in the present invention, can make forge hot mould 1 is the assembly of 4 above forge hot die blade.As mentioned above, by making the length of die blade unequal, can make stress dispersion.For example, because the stress that puts on the forge hot mould after assembling in the each stage proceed to terminal stage from the starting stage of forging is because of each die blade difference, therefore, for example, the in the situation that of blade, cut apart and it is further divided into multiple die blade by near near near the part root with mould to forge hot, hub portion (Japanese: ボ ス portion), cover portion (Japanese: カ バ ー portion), thereby can make more reliably stress dispersion.Especially, in the case of using more than several ten thousand tons warm forming machines, in the time using forge hot of the present invention to use mould, be preferably divided into 5 above forge hot die blade, be more preferably divided into 7 above forge hot die blade.
And, if make in the present invention forge hot mould 1 be formed by 4 above forge hot die blade, can reduce the weight of single die blade.In the time that in the past such integrated mould is used in the forge hot of large product by wish, the cooling velocity while always making to quench reduces and the such metal structure of bainite of appearance obstruction toughness, thereby makes toughness deteriorated.On the other hand, in the present invention, for example, even be used as die blade at the Hot-working Die Steels such as SKD61, SKT4 that above-mentioned JIS is specified, also can particularly improve the cooling velocity in the time of the quenching of die blade.Its result, can give full play to excellent elevated temperature strength and high tenacity that the Hot-working Die Steels such as SKD61, SKT4 has, thereby can make with the die blade of high strength and high tenacity.Therefore,, in order to reduce the weight of forge hot die blade, 4 above forge hot die blade are preferably set.
In addition, in the present invention, also can on the shock surface by die blade, form alloy-layer in forge hot.
If be applied in the position of larger load in the time of forge hot, the selected material that can realize high strength of alloy-layer, the life-span that can improve die blade.In addition, in the time used alloy-layer being chosen to be to thermal conductivity than the low material of the thermal conductivity of the material of die blade, can also obtaining and in forge hot, prevent the effect that reduced by the temperature of forge piece.
In order to obtain the above-mentioned high life, prevent that temperature from reducing this two effects, for example, be preferably formed the alloy-layer of Ni base superalloy system, wherein, especially preferably use the following alloy forming like that: % contains B:0%～0.02% in quality, C:0.01%～0.15%, Mg:0%～0.01%, Al:0.5%～2%, Si:0%～1%, Mn:0%～1%, Ti:1%～3%, Cr:15%～22%, Co:2%～15%, Nb:0%～3%, Mo:3%～7%, Ta:1%～7%, W:3%～7%, and contain separately 1%～7% Ta or total and contain 1%～7% Ta+2Nb, residual components is Ni and impurity.
In addition, in the situation that forming overlay cladding, preferably, between die blade and overlay cladding, utilize the built-up welding formation alloy-layer that by solution strengthening type heat-resisting alloy formed different from overlay cladding, with improve weldability and be reduced in the mother metal of die blade and shock surface between the stress that produces.
Solution strengthening type heat-resisting alloy of the present invention refers to, and having in the alloy with for example composition shown in JIS-G4901, G4902 makes alloying element solid solution and have the alloy of the composition that can strengthen matrix (matrix), the alloy of recording in ASTM-A494.
In the time that typical composition range is shown, contain following element in this alloy of quality %, below C:0.15%, Cr:15%～30%, Co:0%～3%, Mo:0%～30%, W:0%～10%, Nb:0%～4%, Ta:0%～4%, Ti:0%～1%, Al:0%～2%, Fe:0%～20%, Mn:0%～4%, residual components is Ni and impurity.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, for the forge hot mould of the invention described above, can be embedded in housing 3 and be fixed, or also can utilize pull bar 4 to fix forge hot mould.Certainly, also can will be embedded in housing with mould based on the fixing of pull bar with by forge hot and fix this two kinds of Combination of Methods.
Adopt above-mentioned any one fixing means, all can the forge hot being made up of with the assembly of die blade 2 forge hot of the present invention is fixing with mould 1.
It is the situation of rectangular blade more than 500mm that forge hot of the present invention described above is preferred in forge length with mould, be more preferably situation about being applied to forging rectangular blade more than 1000mm, be further preferably applied in the situation of forging rectangular blade more than 1500mm.
Detailed description of the invention is below described.
As this embodiment, the forge hot mould of using as the turbo blade of about 1550mm of machining long workpieces is described.The forge hot mould of explanation is to utilize the load of several ten thousand tons to carry out the forge hot mould of forge hot herein.
Forge hot is as shown in Figure 1 made up of 9 (being in the drawings 6) die blade 2 with mould 1.The split position of die blade 2 is the stress concentration portion of having confirmed according to the analog result of carrying out in advance and the position that is easy to carry out built-up welding, and 9 (being in the drawings 6) die blade 2 are split to form at split position.The length of each die blade all exceedes 100mm.Split position comprises near root, near hub portion, near cover portion, carry out the dispersion of stress.In addition, for the die blade 2 that will be applied in larger load in the time forging, its length is grown and is made up of the high-speed tool steel of high-strength material.Other die blade is made up of JIS-SKD61, and can change material according to the size of the load that puts on die blade 2.
On the die cavity (cavity surface) of each die blade 2, be formed with the alloy-layer (not shown) of the Ni base superalloy forming by built-up welding.
Above-mentioned die blade 2, after fixing by pull bar 4 as shown in Figure 3, is installed on above-mentioned die blade 2 as shown in Figure 2 housing 3 and becomes forge hot mould.
Manufacture method as the forge hot shown in above-mentioned Fig. 1 with mould, for example, can utilize following such operation to manufacture forge hot mould.
First, prepare blank for each die blade, afterwards, so that blank is machined into desired size by the mode that die blade forms a line when integrated.Now, make in the time that the short brink from for example forge hot mould is as shown in Figure 1 observed forge hot mould be shaped as rectangle or in order to be used as patrix, this be shaped as trapezoidal.
Next,, for each die blade, utilize machining and by its roughing forming cavity face shape.Utilize heap to be welded in the alloy-layer that has carried out forming in rough machined cavity surface Ni base superalloy.Now, owing to cutting apart in the position that is easy to carry out built-up welding in advance, therefore, can form the alloy-layer of thickness arbitrarily at position arbitrarily.In addition, the position that is difficult to carry out built-up welding refers to, position that the bight of such as cavity surface, the degree of depth of cavity surface are darker etc.
Then, using have the alloy-layer that formed by built-up welding, carried out rough machined die blade and be temporarily arranged in as the position of the regulation of forge hot mould, and utilize tie bolt etc. to be fixed.Under this state, above-mentioned die blade is carried out as accurately machined machining, thereby make final cavity surface.
In addition, in the excellent elevated temperature strength having for the material of giving full play to each die blade and high tenacity and while heat-treating, can quench and tempering to the blank of die blade, or also can be to the carrying out before built-up welding the middleware of rough machined die blade quench and tempering.
Then, can make by the following method forge hot mould: the forge hot mould that is formed with above-mentioned final cavity surface is embedded into the method in housing, the fixing method based on pull bar or will be embedded in housing based on the fixing of pull bar with by forge hot mould and fixes this two kinds of Combination of Methods.
State in the use forge hot mould and in the situation of the such machining long workpieces of forge hot turbo blade, can carry out as follows forge hot: being loaded by forging blank in forge hot with the surface of mould as machining long workpieces of heating-up temperature of expectation will be heated to, next, utilize the 2nd operation of being carried out forge hot by forging blank as above-mentioned machining long workpieces is carried out to forge hot.
Adopt the present invention of above explanation, in the time of built-up welding, also can form at position arbitrarily the overlay cladding expected and economy also excellent and can be applicable to maximization, the high strength of product.
description of reference numerals
1, forge hot mould; 2, die blade; 3, housing; 4, pull bar.
Claims (9)
1. a forge hot mould, it is the forge hot mould that machining long workpieces is used, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned forge hot mould is by form a line on the long side direction of the machining long workpieces assembly of the one forming of multiple forge hots die blade.
2. forge hot mould according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
On the long side direction of above-mentioned machining long workpieces, above-mentioned multiple forge hots are unequal by the length of die blade.
3. forge hot mould according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that
Forge hot mould is the assembly of 4 above forge hot die blade.
4. according to the forge hot mould described in any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that,
On shock surface in forge hot by die blade, be formed with alloy-layer.
5. according to the forge hot mould described in any one in claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that,
Forge hot is two or more different metal materials by the material of die blade.
6. according to the forge hot mould described in any one in claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned multiple die blade is fixed by being embedded in housing.
7. according to the forge hot mould described in any one in claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned multiple die blade is fixed by pull bar.
8. according to the forge hot mould described in any one in claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that,
Machining long workpieces is blade blank.
9. a hot forging method, is characterized in that,
This hot forging method comprises following operation:
The 1st operation, using being loaded by forging blank in the surface of forge hot mould as machining long workpieces; And
The 2nd operation, to as above-mentioned machining long workpieces carried out forge hot by forging blank,
Above-mentioned forge hot mould is the assembly of multiple forge hots die blade, and above-mentioned multiple forge hots form a line on the long side direction of machining long workpieces by die blade and become one.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013068374 | 2013-03-28 | ||
| JP2013-068374 | 2013-03-28 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104070128A true CN104070128A (en) | 2014-10-01 |
| CN104070128B CN104070128B (en) | 2018-07-06 |
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| CN201410119190.9A Active CN104070128B (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-27 | Hot forging mold and hot forging method |
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| JP (1) | JP6311969B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104070128B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107214246A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-29 | 重庆理工大学 | The processing method of layer slice structure hot stamping die and its punch-pin and cavity plate |
| CN108453469A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-28 | 苏州洲洋精密机械科技有限公司 | A kind of processing method reducing adjustable mould blank type |
| CN110548831A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-10 | 波音公司 | Apparatus for manufacturing parts and related method |
| CN114192722A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Titanium-aluminum alloy hot forging forming method and die |
| CN116237451A (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2023-06-09 | 无锡市雪浪合金科技有限公司 | Forging forming and processing device and processing method thereof |
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| WO2016027206A1 (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-02-25 | Bharat Forge Limited | A forging die assembly with split cassettes and a method to make it |
| JP6528941B2 (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2019-06-12 | 日立金属株式会社 | Hot forging die |
| JP6521369B2 (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2019-05-29 | 日立金属株式会社 | Hot forging die |
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| JP6902204B2 (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2021-07-14 | 日立金属株式会社 | Forged product manufacturing method |
| JP6924376B2 (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2021-08-25 | 日立金属株式会社 | How to manufacture hot forging dies and forged products |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107214246A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-29 | 重庆理工大学 | The processing method of layer slice structure hot stamping die and its punch-pin and cavity plate |
| CN108453469A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-28 | 苏州洲洋精密机械科技有限公司 | A kind of processing method reducing adjustable mould blank type |
| CN110548831A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-10 | 波音公司 | Apparatus for manufacturing parts and related method |
| CN114192722A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Titanium-aluminum alloy hot forging forming method and die |
| CN116237451A (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2023-06-09 | 无锡市雪浪合金科技有限公司 | Forging forming and processing device and processing method thereof |
| CN116237451B (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2023-07-18 | 无锡市雪浪合金科技有限公司 | Forging forming and processing device and processing method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6311969B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 |
| JP2014208379A (en) | 2014-11-06 |
| CN104070128B (en) | 2018-07-06 |
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