CN104067882B - A kind of beet paper-pot cultivation is completely cured special machine and using method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of beet paper-pot cultivation is completely cured special machine and using method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104067882B
CN104067882B CN201410276326.7A CN201410276326A CN104067882B CN 104067882 B CN104067882 B CN 104067882B CN 201410276326 A CN201410276326 A CN 201410276326A CN 104067882 B CN104067882 B CN 104067882B
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beet
pot cultivation
reel
completely cured
paper
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CN104067882A (en
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韩秉进
杨骥
朱向明
许显滨
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Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS
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Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS
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Abstract

A kind of beet paper-pot cultivation is completely cured special machine and using method thereof, and it relates to field of agricultural production technologies, is specifically related to beet and is completely cured device and using method thereof.The present invention seeks to solve existing employing small four-wheel tractor pulls metal wire to realize the undesirable problem of seedbed cutting lateral root.A kind of beet paper-pot cultivation special machine of being completely cured is made up of support, fixing drill rod, metal wire, threephase asynchronous, cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer, reel, voltage vector speed changer, transmission control knob, electromotor three wiring, root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring and location drill rod.Using method: the support of special machine of being completely cured by beet paper-pot cultivation and fixing drill rod are fixed on two corners of rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed minor face, connect 220V voltage source, start beet paper-pot cultivation and be completely cured special machine to rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed enforcement cutting lateral root.The present invention is mainly used in implementing cutting lateral root to the beet seedling on beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed.

Description

A kind of beet paper-pot cultivation is completely cured special machine and using method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural production technologies, be specifically related to beet and be completely cured device and using method thereof.
Background technology
The important zonal specialty economies crop of northern China agricultural is not only by beet, the primary sugar material resource of Ye Shi China except sugarcane.The development of beet production and sugar industry, all can have a direct impact Region National Economy and people's lives.The every Annual planting area of whole nation beet about 300,000 hectares, there are the ground such as Heilungkiang, Jilin, Inner Mongol, Xinjiang major production areas, and wherein maximum with producing region, Heilungkiang cultivated area, every annual sowing area accounts for more than 50% of national beet sowing area.Heilongjiang area falls sharply in recent years, and annual sowing area have decreased to about 100,000 hectares, and per unit area yield only has 17t/hm 2left and right, locates national each producing region floor level, even if also only there is 29t/hm in the per unit area yield the highest time 2(2008).The all sugar refinery of the whole province are all due to insufficient raw material, of poor benefits, greatly reduce national profits tax and local revenue.In order to increase the yield per unit area, increase economic efficiency, transfer the enthusiasm of peasant planting beet further, agricultural technology spread department actively promotes beet paper tube seedling raising and transplanting technology.
Beet paper tube seedling raising and transplanting technology is the novel culture technique of beet that Japan to develop in eighties of last century the sixties.Through the application and improving of 50 years, be a quite ripe High Yield of Sugarbeet Steady product technique in Japan.This technology has increases beet effective accumulated temperature, prolong growth period, promotes early budding, and resistant to diseases and insects is strong, survival rate of seedlings advantages of higher, Yield-increasing and sugar-increasing Be very effective.Adopt paper-pot cultivation, after seedling replanting to field, because having the seedling age of 4 ~ 5 leaves, not only resistant to diseases and insects is strong, and frost-resistant evil, wind damage resisting.Being not only High-yielding Measures, is also stable yields measure.China, since eighties of last century introduces this technology the eighties, has kept certain area under cultivation always, in recent years paper tube seedling raising and transplanting area 4.5 ten thousand hm every year on average 2left and right.But, because seedling growing process is still at the seedling growing process adopting the Japanese eighties of last century eighties, effectively do not improve culture facility, still in the nursery of employing hut, do not adopt planting early enough, early transplant, extend the advanced technologies such as nursery stage, be still 25 ~ 30 days between nursery stage, cause Raising of Sugarbeet Seedlings in Paper-pots output to be hovered at 45t/hm always 2level.Through our experiment and demonstration in recent years, adopt beet nursery net, technology is completely cured by metal wire, in conjunction with seedling equipment improvement, extend seedling raise period, make seedling age reach the beet paper-pot cultivation new technology such as standard in strong sprout of 40 days, beet root output on average reaches 60.7t/hm 2, than conventional seedbed system technology volume increase beet yield 20.9%, than sugarbeet of direct seeding volume increase 61.9%.
At China publication " a kind of method for raising sugar beet seedlings in paper pots " (application number: 201210082105.7) be openly completely cured educate technology in strong sprout based on beet nursery laying nursery net, metal wire, coordinate the improvement of culture facility, nursery goods, materials and equipments improvement, improve seedbed management, extend seedling raise period by 40 ~ 45 days, solve short between nursery stage in China's beet paper-pot cultivation for a long time, seedling age is little and the easy excessive growth of seedling, resistance is poor, survival rate is low, output is on the low side problem.
Seedling raise period extended to 40 ~ 45 days by original 25 ~ 30 days, prevented seedling excessive growth from being the key of educating strong sprout.Emphasize that seedbed sprays preference temperature moisture in strengthening agent, seedbed cutting lateral root and booth and controls.Method of being wherein completely cured, owing to not having special equipment, since nursery new technology implementation, has adopted small four-wheel tractor to pull metal wire to realize seedbed cutting lateral root always.Because tractor pulling force is uneven, and encounter problems need to stop time, can not stop at once, easily cause seedbed paper volume to cut off, at random, use very inconvenient, root-cutting effect is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to solve existing employing small four-wheel tractor pulls metal wire to realize seedbed cutting lateral root, because tractor pulling force is uneven, and encounter problems need stop time, can not stop at once, easily cause seedbed paper volume to cut off, at random, use very inconvenient, cause the problem that root-cutting effect is undesirable, and provide a kind of beet paper-pot cultivation to be completely cured special machine and using method thereof.
A kind of beet paper-pot cultivation is completely cured special machine by support, fixing drill rod, metal wire, threephase asynchronous, cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer, reel, voltage vector speed changer, transmission control knob, electromotor three wiring, root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring and location drill rod composition, in four corners of support, location drill rod is set, threephase asynchronous, cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer and reel are arranged on support, the output shaft of threephase asynchronous and the power shaft of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer are coaxially fixed, output shaft and the reel of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer are coaxially fixed, one end of voltage vector speed changer is connected with root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring, the other end of voltage vector speed changer is linked together by electromotor three wiring and threephase asynchronous, metal wire one end and reel are fixed together, the other end and the fixing drill rod of metal wire link together, by the rotation of reel, metal wire is wrapped on reel, at voltage vector speed changer, transmission control knob is set.
Operation principle: root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring is connected with 220V voltage source, 220V voltage source is changed into 380V power electric voltage source by voltage vector speed changer, by electromotor three wiring, 380V power electric voltage source is supplied to threephase asynchronous, it is 1420 revs/min at threephase asynchronous rotating speed, the transmission control knob that voltage vector speed changer is arranged can control threephase asynchronous rotating speed 0 ~ 1420 rev/min of change, the rotating shaft that rotates through of threephase asynchronous drives cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer to rotate, threephase asynchronous rotating speed is reduced to 0 ~ 23.67 rev/min by 1:60 by cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer, and drive reel to rotate by rotating shaft, final reel is with the rotational speed of 0 ~ 23.67 rev/min, being rotated by reel is wrapped on reel by metal wire, the diameter d of reel is 12cm, namely reel pulls metal wire, metal wire is that beet seedling root system following bottom rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed is cut off in 0 ~ 8.92 m/min of motion with speed, complete and cutting lateral root is implemented to the seedling on rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed.
A kind of beet paper-pot cultivation is completely cured the using method of special machine, specifically to complete according to the following steps: support to be fixed on the edge in rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed by special machine of being first completely cured by beet paper-pot cultivation by location drill rod, then along on the corner of rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed minor face, fixing drill rod is fixed at support homonymy, root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring connects 220V voltage source, start threephase asynchronous, by regulating the rotating speed of transmission control knob adjustment threephase asynchronous, cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer is utilized to be reduced by threephase asynchronous rotating speed by 1:60, and drive reel to rotate by the output shaft of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer, three are pulled around the metal wire in rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed by reel, beet seedling root system following bottom rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed is cut off by metal wire motion, complete and cutting lateral root is implemented to the seedling in rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed.
Advantage of the present invention: beet paper-pot cultivation of the present invention is completely cured special machine, uses normal domestic 220V Power supply, requisite space little (can operate in seedling raising greenhouse), tension uniform, fast jogging speed is adjustable, operating efficiency is high, operation is convenient; Solve and adopt tractor to pull metal wire, because pulling force is uneven, speeds control is difficult, and need space large, operate not convenient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that beet paper-pot cultivation is completely cured the structural representation of special machine.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: composition graphs 1, present embodiment is that a kind of beet paper-pot cultivation is completely cured special machine by support 1, fixing drill rod 2, metal wire 3, threephase asynchronous 4, cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5, reel 6, voltage vector speed changer 7, transmission control knob 8, electromotor three wiring 9, root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring 10 and location drill rod 11 form, location drill rod 11 is set in four corners of support 1, threephase asynchronous 4, cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5 and reel 6 are arranged on support 1, the output shaft of threephase asynchronous 4 and the power shaft of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5 are coaxially fixed, output shaft and the reel 6 of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5 are coaxially fixed, one end of voltage vector speed changer 7 is connected with root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring 10, the other end of voltage vector speed changer 7 is linked together by electromotor three wiring 9 and threephase asynchronous 4, metal wire 3 one end and reel 6 are fixed together, the other end and the fixing drill rod 2 of metal wire 3 link together, by the rotation of reel 6, metal wire 3 is wrapped on reel 6, at voltage vector speed changer 7, transmission control knob 8 is set.
Fig. 1 is that beet paper-pot cultivation is completely cured the structural representation of special machine, and in figure, 1 is that support, 2 is metal wire, 4 is threephase asynchronous, 5 is cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer, 6 is reel, 7 is voltage vector speed changer, 8 is transmission control knob, 9 is electromotor three wiring, 10 is root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring, 11 is location drill rod for fixing drill rod, 3.
Operation principle: root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring 10 is connected with 220V voltage source, 220V voltage source is changed into 380V power electric voltage source by voltage vector speed changer 7, by electromotor three wiring 9,380V power electric voltage source is supplied to threephase asynchronous 4, it is 1420 revs/min at threephase asynchronous 4 rotating speed, the transmission control knob 8 that voltage vector speed changer 7 is arranged can control threephase asynchronous 4 rotating speed 0 ~ 1420 rev/min of change, the output shaft rotating through cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5 of threephase asynchronous 4 drives cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5 to rotate, threephase asynchronous 4 rotating speed is reduced to 0 ~ 23.67 rev/min by 1:60 by cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5, and drive reel 6 to rotate by the output shaft of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5, final reel 6 is with the rotational speed of 0 ~ 23.67 rev/min, being rotated by reel 6 is wrapped on reel 6 by metal wire 3, the diameter d of reel 6 is 12cm, namely reel 6 pulls metal wire 3, metal wire 3 is that beet seedling root system following bottom rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed is cut off in 0 ~ 8.92 m/min of motion with speed, complete and cutting lateral root is implemented to the seedling on rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed.
Embodiment two: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: described threephase asynchronous 4 rated speed is 1420 revs/min, and rated power is 2.2kW.Other are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: one of present embodiment and embodiment one or two difference is: described cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5 reduces threephase asynchronous 4 rotating speed by 1:60, namely, if the rotating speed of threephase asynchronous 4 is V, after cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5 slows down, rotating speed is reduced to 1/60V.Other are identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three difference is: the diameter d of described reel 6 is 12cm.Other are identical with embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four difference is: described metal wire 3 is steel wire rope, and diameter d is 4mm.Other are identical with embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: present embodiment is that a kind of beet paper-pot cultivation is completely cured the using method of special machine, specifically to complete according to the following steps: support 1 is fixed on the edge in rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed by location drill rod 11 by special machine of being first completely cured by beet paper-pot cultivation, then along on the corner of rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed minor face, fixing drill rod 2 is fixed at support 1 homonymy, root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring 10 connects 220V voltage source, start threephase asynchronous 4, by the rotating speed regulating transmission control knob 8 to adjust threephase asynchronous 4, cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5 is utilized to be reduced by threephase asynchronous 4 rotating speed by 1:60, and drive reel 6 to rotate by the output shaft of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5, three are pulled around the metal wire 3 in rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed by reel 6, moved by metal wire 3 and cut off beet seedling root system following bottom rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed, complete and cutting lateral root is implemented to the seedling in rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed.
Embodiment seven.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment six is: described threephase asynchronous 4 rated speed is 1420 revs/min, by regulating transmission control knob 8, the rotating speed of threephase asynchronous 4 is controlled 0 ~ 1420 rev/min of change, utilize cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5, by 1:60, threephase asynchronous 4 rotating speed is reduced to 0 ~ 23.67 rev/min, and drive reel 6 with 0 ~ 23.67 rev/min of rotation by the output shaft of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5, the diameter d of described reel 6 is 12cm, being rotated by reel 6 is wrapped on reel 6 by three metal wires 3 around rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed, namely reel 6 pulls metal wire 3, be that beet seedling root system following bottom rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed is cut off in 0 ~ 8.92 m/min of motion by metal wire 3 with speed, complete and cutting lateral root is implemented to the seedling on rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed.Other are identical with embodiment six.
Adopt following verification experimental verification effect of the present invention
Test one: composition graphs 1, a kind of beet paper-pot cultivation is completely cured method, specifically completes according to the following steps:
When nursery about 20 days, when 1st pair of true leaf expansion, seedlings root penetrate bottom paper web, beet paper-pot cultivation special machine of being completely cured is utilized to carry out the 1st seedbed cutting lateral root, between nursery stage, same method operation is completely cured for 2 ~ 3 times, be completely cured once every 5 ~ 7 days, reach the object extending nursery stage, educate strong sprout.
Beet paper-pot cultivation described in this test is completely cured special machine by support 1, fixing drill rod 2, metal wire 3, threephase asynchronous 4, cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5, reel 6, voltage vector speed changer 7, transmission control knob 8, electromotor three wiring 9, root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring 10 and location drill rod 11 form, location drill rod 11 is set in four corners of support 1, threephase asynchronous 4, cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5 and reel 6 are arranged on support 1, the output shaft of threephase asynchronous 4 and the power shaft of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5 are coaxially fixed, output shaft and the reel 6 of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5 are coaxially fixed, one end of voltage vector speed changer 7 is connected with root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring 10, the other end of voltage vector speed changer 7 is linked together by electromotor three wiring 9 and threephase asynchronous 4, metal wire 3 one end and reel 6 are fixed together, the other end and the fixing drill rod 2 of metal wire 3 link together, by the rotation of reel 6, metal wire 3 is wrapped on reel 6, at voltage vector speed changer 7, transmission control knob 8 is set, described threephase asynchronous 4 rated speed is 1420 revs/min, and rated power is 2.2kW, described cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5 is pressed 1:60 and is reduced threephase asynchronous 4 rotating speed, if the rotating speed that is, reducing threephase asynchronous 4 is V, after cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5 slows down, rotating speed is reduced to 1/60V, the diameter d of described reel 6 is 12cm, described metal wire 4 is steel wire rope, and diameter d is 4mm.
Seedbed cutting lateral root concrete operations described in this test are as follows: support 1 is fixed on the edge in rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed by location drill rod 11 by special machine of being first completely cured by beet paper-pot cultivation, then fixed by fixing drill rod 2 along on the corner of rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed minor face at support 1 homonymy, root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring 10 connects 220V voltage source, start threephase asynchronous 4, by the rotating speed regulating transmission control knob 8 to adjust threephase asynchronous 4, cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5 is utilized to be reduced by threephase asynchronous 4 rotating speed by 1:60, and drive reel 6 to rotate by the output shaft of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5, three are pulled around the metal wire 3 in rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed by reel 6, moved by metal wire 3 and cut off beet seedling root system following bottom rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed, complete and cutting lateral root is implemented to the seedling in rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed, described threephase asynchronous 4 rated speed is 1420 revs/min, by regulating transmission control knob 8, the rotating speed of threephase asynchronous 4 is controlled 0 ~ 1420 rev/min of change, utilize cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5, by 1:60, threephase asynchronous 4 rotating speed is reduced to 0 ~ 23.67 rev/min, and drive reel 6 with 0 ~ 23.67 rev/min of rotation by the output shaft of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer 5, the diameter d of described reel 6 is 12cm, being rotated by reel 6 is wrapped on reel 6 by three metal wires 3 around rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed, namely reel 6 pulls metal wire 3, is that beet seedling root system following bottom rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed is cut off in 0 ~ 8.92 m/min of motion by metal wire 3 with speed, complete and cutting lateral root is implemented to the seedling on rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed.
Other require: the diameter >=2cm 1. locating drill rod 11 and fixing drill rod 2, length >=35cm, hammers into degree of depth 30cm in soil.2. steel wire rope aligns with reel 6, roughly on the same line.

Claims (7)

1. a beet paper-pot cultivation is completely cured special machine, it is characterized in that beet paper-pot cultivation is completely cured special machine by support (1), fixing drill rod (2), metal wire (3), threephase asynchronous (4), cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer (5), reel (6), voltage vector speed changer (7), transmission control knob (8), electromotor three wiring (9), root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring (10) and location drill rod (11) composition, location drill rod (11) is set in four corners of support (1), threephase asynchronous (4), cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer (5) and reel (6) are arranged on support (1), the output shaft of threephase asynchronous (4) and the power shaft of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer (5) are coaxially fixed, output shaft and the reel (6) of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer (5) are coaxially fixed, one end of voltage vector speed changer (7) is connected with root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring (10), the other end of voltage vector speed changer (7) is linked together by electromotor three wiring (9) and threephase asynchronous (4), metal wire (3) one end and reel (6) are fixed together, the other end and the fixing drill rod (2) of metal wire (3) link together, by the rotation of reel (6), metal wire (3) is wrapped on reel (6), at voltage vector speed changer (7), transmission control knob (8) is set.
2. a kind of beet paper-pot cultivation according to claim 1 is completely cured special machine, and it is characterized in that described threephase asynchronous (4) rated speed is 1420 revs/min, rated power is 2.2kW.
3. a kind of beet paper-pot cultivation according to claim 1 is completely cured special machine, it is characterized in that described cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer (5) reduces threephase asynchronous (4) rotating speed by 1:60, namely, if the rotating speed of threephase asynchronous (4) is V, after cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer (5) slows down, rotating speed is reduced to 1/60V.
4. a kind of beet paper-pot cultivation according to claim 1 is completely cured special machine, it is characterized in that the diameter d of described reel (6) is 12cm.
5. a kind of beet paper-pot cultivation according to claim 1 is completely cured special machine, and it is characterized in that described metal wire (3) is steel wire rope, diameter d is 4mm.
6. a beet paper-pot cultivation is completely cured the using method of special machine, it is characterized in that the be completely cured using method of special machine of beet paper-pot cultivation completes according to the following steps: support (1) is fixed on the edge in rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed by location drill rod (11) by special machine of being first completely cured by beet paper-pot cultivation, then fixing along the corner of rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed minor face being fixed drill rod (2) at support (1) homonymy, root-cutting machine individual event power supply wiring (10) connects 220V voltage source, start threephase asynchronous (4), by regulating the rotating speed of transmission control knob (8) adjustment threephase asynchronous (4), cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer (5) is utilized to be reduced by threephase asynchronous (4) rotating speed by 1:60, and drive reel (6) to rotate by the output shaft of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer (5), three metal wires around rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed (3) are pulled by reel (6), beet seedling root system following bottom rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed is cut off by metal wire (3) motion, complete and cutting lateral root is implemented to the seedling in rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed.
7. a kind of beet paper-pot cultivation according to claim 6 is completely cured the using method of special machine, it is characterized in that described threephase asynchronous (4) rated speed is 1420 revs/min, by regulating transmission control knob (8), the rotating speed of threephase asynchronous (4) is controlled 0 ~ 1420 rev/min of change, utilize cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer (5), by 1:60, threephase asynchronous (4) rotating speed is reduced to 0 ~ 23.67 rev/min, and drive reel (6) with 0 ~ 23.67 rev/min of rotation by the output shaft of cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer (5), the diameter d of described reel (6) is 12cm, being rotated by reel (6) is wrapped on reel (6) by three metal wires around rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed (3), namely reel (6) pulls metal wire (3), be that beet seedling root system following bottom rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed is cut off in 0 ~ 8.92 m/min of motion by metal wire (3) with speed, complete and cutting lateral root is implemented to the seedling on rectangle beet paper-pot cultivation seedbed.
CN201410276326.7A 2014-06-19 2014-06-19 A kind of beet paper-pot cultivation is completely cured special machine and using method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN104067882B (en)

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CN111492847A (en) * 2020-06-04 2020-08-07 吉林农业大学 Beet paper tube unfolding device

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