CN104067761B - A kind of hot pickled mustard tube grain header - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a mustard harvester, aiming to provide a harvester which can effectively cut mustard leaves, roots and stems, has good separation effect, and is suitable for harvesting mustard mustards of different sizes. Its main body, manual operation platform, crawler wheels, power assembly, initial collection base frame, the front end of the initial collection base frame is provided with a front cover, inside the front cover is a vegetable leaf cutter, and behind the vegetable leaf cutter is a push leaf The conveying terminal of the auger and the leaf-pushing auger is located on the side of the initial collection base frame. There are several scrapers and initial collection conveyor belts on the initial collection base frame. The front end of the conveyor belt is low and the rear end is high, the front end of the first-collection conveyor belt is behind the blade, and the delivery terminal of the first-collection conveyor belt faces the delivery entrance of a transmission mechanism. The beneficial effects of the invention are: leaf breaking, soil loosening, pulling out, and root cutting can be completed at one time; the mustard mustard collected and stored at last is clean and has few impurities; a large amount of mustard mustard can be quickly unloaded, and the work efficiency is extremely high.

Description

mustard harvester

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a mustard harvester.

Background technique

Mustard mustard, angiosperm, dicotyledonous plant class, cruciferous family, Brassica genus, is a herbaceous plant. The form of pickled mustard mainly includes vegetable leaves, abnormal stems, which are commonly known as vegetable heads, and vegetable roots. Mustard mustard is planted in the soil, and needs to be harvested after maturity, and then can be stored or pickled. At present, when mustard mustard is harvested, it is mainly harvested manually or with harvesting equipment. If manual harvesting is used, the labor intensity is high and the work efficiency is low. If the existing harvesting equipment is used for harvesting, although the harvesting operation can be completed, the impurities and broken roots , Broken leaves are easy to be mixed together and recycled, and for mustards of different widths, varieties, and sizes, it is impossible to effectively carry out targeted harvesting. The adaptability is poor, and problems such as poor root and leaf separation are prone to occur, and there are also problems such as easy Defects such as serious damage to mustard heads.

Contents of the invention

The invention aims to overcome the disadvantages that the mustard harvesting machine in the prior art has poor cutting and separation effect on roots and leaves when harvesting mustard, the collected mustard is mixed with a large amount of soil, roots and leaves, and poor adaptability to use, and provides A harvester that can effectively cut mustard roots and leaves, has good separation effect, and is suitable for harvesting mustard mustards of different sizes.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A mustard harvester, comprising a main body, a manual operating platform, a crawler wheel, a power assembly with a diesel engine or other power machines, the front end of the main body is provided with a primary harvesting base frame, and the front end of the primary harvesting base frame is A front cover is provided, and a leaf beating knife is arranged in the front cover, and the leaf beating knife includes a rotating knife shaft provided by a power assembly to provide rotational power, and several leaf beating knives are arranged on the rotating knife shaft. The knife plate, the end of the leaf beating knife plate away from the rotating knife shaft is bent to form a hooking part, the leaf pushing auger is arranged behind the leaf beating knife, and the conveying terminal of the leaf pushing auger is at the initial stage The side part of the base collection frame, the primary collection base frame is provided with a number of blades and primary collection conveyor belts, the front ends of the blades are turned up to form the top shovel head, and the front ends of the primary collection conveyor belts are lower , The rear end is high, the front end of the first-collection conveyor belt is behind the blade, and the delivery terminal of the first-collection conveyor belt faces the delivery entrance of a transmission mechanism. The front leaf beating knife can knock off the leaves of pickled mustard, and directly separate the leaves from the side through the leaf auger, which directly solves the problem of slow separation of vegetable leaves and incomplete initial separation, and removes most of the leaves at one time. The vegetable leaves are broken, separated, and removed. Wherein, one end of the beating knife plate away from the rotating knife shaft is bent to form a hooking part. Therefore, when the leaf beating knife is rotating, it can hook and cut the pickled mustard leaves, which can be better and more thorough. Cut off the mustard leaves to prevent the slippage of the knife board and the inability to remove the leaves. After beating the leaves, the soil near the root of the pickled mustard comes into contact with the shovel, the shovel loosens the soil, loosens the roots, breaks the roots, and pushes the head of the mustard backwards. The jacking force, so that the roots can be loosened and cut better under the premise of preventing the vegetable head from being damaged.

Preferably, the shovel is on the shovel, the shovel is connected to the controller, and the controller is connected to the row distance probe on the shovel and the cylinder or oil cylinder that controls the lateral movement of the shovel, so The shovel is a vertical oil cylinder or air cylinder, the shovel is connected to a controller, and the controller is connected to a height sensor on the shovel. The line distance probe and height sensor can detect the distance between the shovel and mustard and the height of the shovel, and adjust the shovel to a more reasonable position through the feedback of the controller, so that the shovel can better adapt to the harvesting environment.

As another preference, the shovel is on the shovel frame, and the shovel frame is slidingly connected to the initial collection base frame, and the primary collection base frame is provided with a traversing fixture for fixing the shovel frame, The shovel can move up and down along the shovel frame, and the shovel frame is provided with a vertical movement fixing piece for fixing the shovel frame. The width between the shovel blades and the height of the shovel blades from the ground can be adjusted, so as to adapt to the harvesting of various sizes, heights and varieties of mustard.

As a preference, the transmission mechanism includes a slanted cage, a part of the conveying terminal of the first-collection conveyor belt is located above the conveying entrance of the slanted cage, and the rest of the conveying terminal of the primary-collected conveyor belt is located at a horizontal conveying auger. Above the conveying entrance of the group, the horizontal conveying auger group is composed of several transverse augers, and the conveying terminal of the transverse auger is above the conveying entrance of the inclined auger cage. After the leaves and roots of the pickled mustard are beaten and rooted, along with a part of the soil, broken leaves and impurities, they are transported by the primary harvest conveyor belt to the conveying inlet of the horizontal auger or the inclined auger.

Preferably, the transmission mechanism further includes a storage and storage cylinder, the delivery inlet of the storage and storage cylinder is opposite to the delivery terminal of the inclined cage, and the inside of the storage and storage cylinder is Several spiral stirring frames are arranged on the length direction of the machine. The vegetable head enters the storage net cylinder from the inclined cage, and is stirred under the action of the spiral stirring frame. At this time, some residual impurities of the vegetable head are separated and fall out from the filter pores, and the vegetable head is pushed by the spiral of the spiral stirring frame. Continuously advancing under the action can obtain clean vegetable heads with more complete separation, less mud and impurities, which is beneficial for subsequent storage or processing.

As a preference, the main body is provided with an unloading conveyor belt, a cargo receiving conveyor stand, and a cargo receiving side frame. Below the receiving side frame, the receiving conveying stand is provided with a receiving conveyor belt that surrounds the receiving side frame. The receiving conveyor belt is provided with a number of push plates, and two adjacent push plates And a section of receiving conveyor belt between them together constitute a storage department. The flat transportation section cooperates with the receiving side frame to directly form a storage box structure. The receiving conveyor belt surrounds the receiving side frame, which can be a ring, square ring or other irregular rings. The end and the end are closed and the conveying surface always faces the receiving conveyor stand, which can be better protected and stable in operation. sex is better. Moreover, if the storage capacity is to be large enough, the receiving side frame must be higher. At this time, if the pickled mustard is transported from the lower storage net cylinder to the higher receiving side frame by using an inclined conveyor belt, the The slope of the inclined conveyor belt must be relatively large, which will easily cause the mustard to roll back and retreat, which will affect the conveying efficiency. However, the receiving conveyor belt in the present invention can avoid this problem and realize the pickling of the mustard easily and quickly. transfer.

As a preference, the unloading section and the lifting section are respectively connected to the unloading rack and the lifting frame, the unloading frame is hinged to the lifting frame, the lifting frame is hinged to the vertical rod on the main body, and the unloading frame is connected to the lifting frame. A rear inverted positioning cylinder is provided between the lifting frames, and a downward positioning cylinder is provided between the lifting frame and the main body. When it is necessary to unload the pickled mustard, the rear inverted positioning cylinder and the downward inverted positioning cylinder are both extended, and the lifting section and the unloading section will overturn. Conveniently complete the unloading of pickled mustard.

Preferably, the delivery terminal of the leaf-pushing auger is located on the side of the inclined-skeining cage far away from the initial collection base frame. It is equivalent to that the broken leaves that are laid down are always at the end of the conveying direction away from the inclined cage. As mentioned earlier, a part of the conveying terminal of the initial collection conveyor belt is above the conveying entrance of the inclined cage, and the rest of the conveying terminal of the initial collection conveyor belt. Above the conveying inlet of a horizontal conveying auger group. This means that the part of the pickled mustard that is first harvested on the conveyor belt facing the inclined cage has the least broken leaves and impurities, so it is advisable to directly send that part of the mustard into the inclined cage; After all, the auger does not send off the broken leaves instantaneously, so there will be relatively more broken leaves and impurities falling from the pusher auger on the rest of the first-harvesting conveyor belt, so the mustard on this part of the first-harvesting conveyor belt also carries There are more broken leaves and impurities, so this part of mustard mustard can be transported through the horizontal conveying auger group, and they can be moved and rolled on the horizontal conveying auger group to separate impurities and broken leaves to a certain extent, and then Then enter the obliquely twisted cage, so as to ensure that all the pickled mustards entering the obliquely twisted cage do not have more broken leaves and impurities, and ensure that the subsequent cleaning or separation process is easier.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: leaf breaking, soil loosening, pulling out, and root cutting can be completed at one time; The soil is separated, so the final pickled mustard is clean and has less impurities; when it is necessary to pour out mustard, you can quickly unload a large amount of mustard by turning over the unloading rack and lifting rack, and the work efficiency is extremely high.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged view of the initial receiving base frame place of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure inside the front cover of the present invention.

In the picture:

Main body 1, unloading conveyor belt 11, lifting section 111, lifting frame 1111, unloading section 112, unloading shelf 1121, receiving conveying stand 12, receiving conveyor belt 121, receiving side frame 13, vertical pole 14, rear inverted Positioning cylinder 15, downward positioning cylinder 16, manual operation table 2, crawler wheel 3, initial receiving base frame 4, front cover 41, vegetable leaf beating knife 411, rotating knife shaft 4111, leaf beating knife plate 4112, leaf pushing auger 412, shovel blade 42, shovel frame 421, first receiving conveyer belt 43, horizontally transporting auger group 44, inclined twisting cage 5, speed regulating motor 51, net cylinder 6 for receiving and storing.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Embodiment 1: a kind of mustard harvester shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 comprises a main body 1, a manual operation platform 2, a crawler wheel 3, a power assembly with a diesel engine or other power machines In this way, the front end of the main body 1 is provided with an initial collection base frame 4, and the front end of the initial collection base frame 4 is provided with a front cover 41, and the inside of the front cover 41 is provided with a vegetable leaf cutter 411. The leaf beating knife 411 includes a rotating knife shaft 4111 that is powered by the powertrain, and the rotating knife shaft 4111 is provided with a number of leaf beating blades 4112, and the leaf beating blades 4112 are far away from the rotating blade shaft 4111. One end of one end is bent to form a hooking part, and the leaf-throwing auger 412 is provided behind the leaf-throwing auger 412, and the delivery terminal of the leaf-throwing auger 412 is at the side of the initial collection base frame 4. The initial collection base frame 4 is provided with several shovels 42 and initial collection conveyor belts 43, the front ends of the shovels 42 are turned upwards to form an upper shovel head, the front ends of the primary collection conveyor belts 43 are low and the rear ends are high, The front end of the first-collection conveyor belt 43 is behind the blade 42, and the delivery terminal of the first-collection conveyor belt 43 faces the delivery entrance of a transmission mechanism. The shovel 42 is on the shovel 421, the shovel 421 is connected to the controller, and the controller is connected to the line distance probe on the shovel 421 and the cylinder or oil cylinder that controls the lateral movement of the shovel 421 , the shovel 421 is a vertical oil cylinder or air cylinder, the shovel 421 is connected to a controller, and the controller is connected to a height sensor on the shovel 421 . Described transmission mechanism comprises an oblique stranding cage 5, and a part of conveying terminal of described initial collection conveyor belt 43 is above the conveying entrance of oblique stranding cage 5, and the remaining conveying terminal of initial collection conveyor belt 43 is in a transverse conveying strand. Above the conveying entrance of the dragon group 44 , the horizontal conveying auger group 44 is composed of several transverse augers, and the conveying terminal of the transverse auger is above the conveying entrance of the inclined cage 5 . The transmission mechanism also includes a storage and storage net cylinder 6, the delivery inlet of the storage and storage net cylinder 6 is opposite to the delivery terminal of the inclined cage 5, and the storage and storage net cylinder 6 is along the storage net Several spiral stirring frames are arranged on the length direction of the barrel 6 . The main body 1 is provided with an unloading conveyor belt 11, a cargo receiving conveyor stand 12, and a cargo receiving side frame 13, and the described unloading conveyor belt 11 includes a flat conveying section, a lifting section 111, and a cargo unloading section 112. The described The flat conveying section is located below the receiving side frame 13, and the receiving conveying stand 12 is provided with a receiving conveyor belt 121 surrounding the outside of the receiving side frame 13, and the receiving conveyor belt 121 is provided with A plurality of push plates, two adjacent push plates and a section of receiving conveyor belt 121 between them together form a storage section. The unloading section 112 and the lifting section 111 are respectively connected to the unloading rack 1121 and the lifting rack 1111, the unloading rack 1121 is hinged to the lifting rack 1111, and the lifting rack 1111 is hinged to the vertical rod 14 on the main body 1 , A rear inverted positioning cylinder 15 is provided between the unloading frame 1121 and the lifting frame 1111 , and a downward positioning cylinder 16 is provided between the lifting frame 1111 and the main body 1 . The conveying terminal of the leaf pushing auger 412 is located on the side of the inclined cage 5 away from the initial collection base frame 4 .

The vegetable leaf beating knife 411 at the front end can knock off the leaves of pickled mustard, and the vegetable leaves are directly separated from the side by the leaf pushing auger 412, which directly solves the problem of slow separation of vegetable leaves and incomplete initial separation. After beating the leaves, the soil near the root of the pickled mustard touches the spatula 42, and the spatula 42 loosens the soil, loosens the roots, and breaks the roots, and pushes the head of the mustard backward, directly or through the horizontal transport auger group 44, enters the oblique twisting cage 5, and the vegetables The head enters the storage and storage net cylinder 6 from the obliquely twisted cage 5, and is stirred under the effect of the spiral stirring frame. Pushing forward all the way for a more thoroughly separated, clean head with less mud and impurities. After the mustard leaves the storage net cylinder 6, it enters the receiving conveyor belt 121 and is in the storage part. With the rotation of the receiving conveyor belt 121, when the storage part rotates to the top, the mustard falls and enters the receiving side frame 13. Falling on the horizontal conveying section, the receiving side frame 13 can store a large amount of pickled mustard. When a large amount of unloading of pickled mustard is needed, the backward positioning cylinder 15 and the downward positioning cylinder 16 can be extended, and the lifting section 111 and the unloading section 112 will fall over, and the mustard leaves quickly under the double action of gravity and conveyor belt. The range of the receiving side frame 13 can efficiently and conveniently complete the unloading of pickled mustard. In addition, under normal circumstances, the power of all components comes from the powertrain. However, the power source of the skewed cage 5 can also be independent rather than provided by the power assembly. For example, the skewed cage 5 is driven by a speed-regulating motor 5151, so that the rotating speed of the skewed cage 5 can also be changed. , and at the same time, the conveying rate can be better regulated according to the rotation and impact tolerance of mustard.

Embodiment 2: The basic structure and implementation mode of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, the difference being that the described shovel 42 is on the shovel frame 421, and the described shovel frame 421 slides with the initial collection base frame 4 connection, the first collection base frame 4 is provided with a lateral movement fixture for fixing the shovel frame 421, the described shovel blade 42 can move up and down along the shovel frame 421, and the described shovel frame 421 is provided with a The vertical movement fixture of frame 421. With the above-mentioned horizontal and vertical mechanical adjustment mechanism, the width between the shovels 42 and the height of the shovels 42 from the ground can be adjusted, so that the present invention can adapt to the harvesting of various sizes, heights and different varieties of pickled mustard .

Claims (8)

1. a kind of mustard harvester, it is characterized in that, comprises main body (1), manual operating table (2), crawler wheel (3), has the power assembly of diesel engine or other power machines, described main body (1 ) front end is provided with the initial collection base frame (4), and the front end of the initial collection base frame (4) is provided with a front cover (41), and the described front cover (41) is provided with a leaf beating knife (411) , the leaf beating knife (411) includes a rotating knife shaft (4111) that is powered by a power assembly, and several leaf beating blades (4112) are arranged on the rotating knife shaft (4111). The leaf beating knife plate (4112) is bent away from one end of the rotating knife shaft (4111) to form a hook, and the leaf beating auger (412) is arranged behind the leaf beating knife (411), and the leaf pushing auger (412) is arranged behind the leaf beating knife (4111). The conveying terminal of the dragon (412) is at the side of the initial collection base frame (4), and the initial collection base frame (4) is provided with several spatulas (42) and initial collection conveyor belts (43). The front end of the shovel (42) is turned up to form the top shovel head, the front end of the first collection conveyor belt (43) is low and the rear end is high, and the front end of the first collection conveyor belt (43) is at the top of the shovel (42) ) rear, the conveying terminal of the first collection conveyor belt (43) faces the conveying entrance of a conveying mechanism, and the described blade (42) is on the bucket frame (421), and the described bucket frame (421) Connected to the controller, the controller is connected to the row distance probe on the shovel (421) and the cylinder or oil cylinder that controls the lateral movement of the shovel (421), and the shovel (42) is placed on the shovel (421) ), the shovel frame (421) is slidably connected to the initial collection base frame (4), and the initial collection base frame (4) is provided with a lateral movement fixing member for fixing the shovel frame (421). 2. A kind of pickled mustard harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, said shovel frame (421) is a vertical oil cylinder or an air cylinder, and said shovel frame (421) is connected to the controller, so that The controller is connected to the height sensor on the bucket frame (421). 3. A kind of pickled mustard harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, said blade (42) can move up and down along the bucket frame (421), and said bucket frame (421) is provided with a The vertical movement fixing part of bucket frame (421). 4. A kind of pickled mustard harvester according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, said transmission mechanism comprises an oblique cage (5), and a part of said first-collect conveyor belt (43) at the delivery terminal Above the conveying entrance of the oblique twisted cage (5) group, the remaining conveying terminals of the initial collection conveyor belt (43) are above the conveying entrance of a horizontally conveying auger group (44), and the described transversely conveying auger group (44) ) is composed of several horizontal augers, and the conveying terminal of said transverse augers is above the conveying inlet of the inclined auger cage (5). 5. A kind of pickled mustard harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that, said transmission mechanism also includes a collection and storage net cylinder (6), and the delivery inlet of said storage and storage net cylinder (6) Facing the delivery terminal of the oblique twisted cage (5), several spiral stirring frames are arranged in the storage and storage net cylinder (6) along the length direction of the storage and storage net cylinder (6). 6. A kind of mustard harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that, the main body (1) is provided with an unloading conveyor belt (11), a receiving conveying stand (12), a receiving side frame (13), the described unloading conveyor belt (11) includes a flat conveying section, a lifting section (111), and a cargo unloading section (112), and the described flat conveying section is located under the receiving side frame (13), and the described The receiving conveyor stand (12) is provided with a receiving conveyor belt (121) that surrounds the receiving side frame (13), and the receiving conveyor belt (121) is provided with a number of push plates, adjacent to each other. A section of receiving conveyer belt (121) between a piece of push plate and between constitutes a storage department together. 7. A kind of pickled mustard harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that, said unloading section (112) and lifting section (111) are connected to unloading rack (1121) and lifting rack (1111) respectively, said The unloading rack (1121) is hinged with the lifting frame (1111), the lifting frame (1111) is hinged with the vertical rod (14) on the main body (1), and the unloading rack (1121) is hinged with the lifting frame ( 1111) is provided with a rear inverted positioning cylinder (15), and an inverted positioning cylinder (16) is provided between the lifting frame (1111) and the main body (1). 8. A kind of mustard harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that, the conveying terminal of the leaf-pushing auger (412) is located in the group of inclined cages (5) far away from the initial harvest base frame (4) side.